Pub Date : 2019-05-17DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002188
M. Montagna, E. Gonella, V. Mereghetti, G. Magoga, E. Ferrari, Marianna Pontini, C. Ferracini, A. Alma
Molecular species recognition and identification, based on the mitochondrial cox1 and on the nuclear ITS2, were performed on individuals of Torymus sinensis collected in Italy, on its close relative T. beneficus and on native torymids. The automatic-gap-discovery (ABGD) analyses correctly separate almost all morphospecies. On the basis of cox1, individuals of late-spring T. beneficus clustered with T. sinensis, and those identified as early-spring T. beneficus were recognized as a separate entity. Whereas, T. beneficus ecotypes clustered with T. sinensis on the basis of ITS2. Coalescent tree-based methods confirmed these results. The cox1-based recognition of early-spring T. beneficus as a separate phylospecies led us to conclude that this taxon deserves to be treated as a valid species, whereas individuals identified as late-spring T. beneficus might be considered as part of T. sinensis. Morphological identification and BLAST analyses confirmed that no T. beneficus was imported into Italy to control Dryocosmus kuriphilus.
{"title":"Molecular species delimitation of the Asian chestnut gall wasp biocontrol agent released in Italy","authors":"M. Montagna, E. Gonella, V. Mereghetti, G. Magoga, E. Ferrari, Marianna Pontini, C. Ferracini, A. Alma","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002188","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular species recognition and identification, based on the mitochondrial cox1 and on the nuclear ITS2, were performed on individuals of Torymus sinensis collected in Italy, on its close relative T. beneficus and on native torymids. The automatic-gap-discovery (ABGD) analyses correctly separate almost all morphospecies. On the basis of cox1, individuals of late-spring T. beneficus clustered with T. sinensis, and those identified as early-spring T. beneficus were recognized as a separate entity. Whereas, T. beneficus ecotypes clustered with T. sinensis on the basis of ITS2. Coalescent tree-based methods confirmed these results. The cox1-based recognition of early-spring T. beneficus as a separate phylospecies led us to conclude that this taxon deserves to be treated as a valid species, whereas individuals identified as late-spring T. beneficus might be considered as part of T. sinensis. Morphological identification and BLAST analyses confirmed that no T. beneficus was imported into Italy to control Dryocosmus kuriphilus.\u0000","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47614187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-09DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002184
N. G. Cipola, J. W. Morais, B. Bellini
Here a new subgenus of Lepidocyrtus Bourlet from South America is proposed. Fractocyrtus subgen.n. differs from other subgenera by tergal polychaetosis, dental tubercle truncate and dentes with numerous spine-like chaetae. Four new species of Lepidocyrtus are described, two of Setogaster Salmon and two of Fractocyrtus subgen.n. Lepidocyrtus (S.) amazonicus sp.n. and L. (S.) multisensillatus sp.n. are similar to L. nigrosetosus Folsom by basomedian field with chaetae smooth and dental tubercle rounded, but differ in dorsal chaetotaxy. Lepidocyrtus (F.) americanus sp.n. and L. (F.) mateosi sp.n. are similar by presence of numerous dental spines, but differ in chaetotaxy. Due to inconsistencies concerning scales on appendages of Lepidocyrtus subgenera, four synonyms are proposed, and the characteristics diagnostic to subgenera are shape and presence of dental tubercle, dental spines, mucronal spinelet and apical bulb of fourth antennal segment. An identification key to subgenera is also provided.
{"title":"New subgenus and four species of Lepidocyrtus Bourlet (Collembola, Entomobryidae, Lepidocyrtinae) from Amazon","authors":"N. G. Cipola, J. W. Morais, B. Bellini","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002184","url":null,"abstract":"Here a new subgenus of Lepidocyrtus Bourlet from South America is proposed. Fractocyrtus\u0000subgen.n. differs from other subgenera by tergal polychaetosis, dental tubercle truncate and dentes with numerous spine-like chaetae. Four new species of Lepidocyrtus are described, two of Setogaster Salmon and two of Fractocyrtus\u0000subgen.n.\u0000Lepidocyrtus (S.) amazonicus\u0000sp.n. and L. (S.) multisensillatus\u0000sp.n. are similar to L. nigrosetosus Folsom by basomedian field with chaetae smooth and dental tubercle rounded, but differ in dorsal chaetotaxy. Lepidocyrtus (F.) americanus\u0000sp.n. and L. (F.) mateosi\u0000sp.n. are similar by presence of numerous dental spines, but differ in chaetotaxy. Due to inconsistencies concerning scales on appendages of Lepidocyrtus subgenera, four synonyms are proposed, and the characteristics diagnostic to subgenera are shape and presence of dental tubercle, dental spines, mucronal spinelet and apical bulb of fourth antennal segment. An identification key to subgenera is also provided.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48793186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-09DOI: 10.1163/1876312x-00002171
N. Gunter, G. Monteith, S. Cameron, T. Weir
The evolution of dung beetles remains contentious with two hypotheses reflecting Cretaceous and Paleogene origins driven by different methods. We explore biogeographic evidence and phylogeographic origins against vicariance and dispersal scenarios that attribute to the four elements of the Australian fauna using a multi-gene approach. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses supported the Australasian clade, composed of almost all Australian, New Caledonian and New Zealand endemic genera (to the exclusion of Boletoscapter). Two Australian lineages with east-west splits and few lineages with restricted, non-overlapping distrbution were identified, and biogeography models provided evidence that vicariance and founder event speciation are important processes in the diversification of Australasian scarabaeines. Our phylogenetic results are largely congruent with a mid-Cretaceous origin of the Australasian clade, the tectonic history of Gondwanaland and climatic history of the Australian continent, and provide compelling evidence that Australian dung beetles are a relictual fauna whose history is linked to mesic zone fragmentation.
{"title":"Evidence from Australian mesic zone dung beetles supports their Gondwanan origin and Mesozoic diversification of the Scarabaeinae","authors":"N. Gunter, G. Monteith, S. Cameron, T. Weir","doi":"10.1163/1876312x-00002171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-00002171","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of dung beetles remains contentious with two hypotheses reflecting Cretaceous and Paleogene origins driven by different methods. We explore biogeographic evidence and phylogeographic origins against vicariance and dispersal scenarios that attribute to the four elements of the Australian fauna using a multi-gene approach. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses supported the Australasian clade, composed of almost all Australian, New Caledonian and New Zealand endemic genera (to the exclusion of Boletoscapter). Two Australian lineages with east-west splits and few lineages with restricted, non-overlapping distrbution were identified, and biogeography models provided evidence that vicariance and founder event speciation are important processes in the diversification of Australasian scarabaeines. Our phylogenetic results are largely congruent with a mid-Cretaceous origin of the Australasian clade, the tectonic history of Gondwanaland and climatic history of the Australian continent, and provide compelling evidence that Australian dung beetles are a relictual fauna whose history is linked to mesic zone fragmentation.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312x-00002171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46208059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-09DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002190
Robin Kundrata, M. Ivie, L. Bocak
A molecular phylogeny of Ptilodactylidae shows that Podabrocephalus Pic, 1913, the type genus of Podabrocephalidae Pic, 1930 is closely related to Ptilodactyla Illiger, 1807 and other genera of Ptilodactylinae. Consequently, Podabrocephalidae Pic, 1930 syn. n. is proposed as a junior synonym of Ptilodactylidae Laporte, 1836. Earlier authors used the highly modified morphology of the male to justify a high rank for Podabrocephalus. The molecular phylogeny of Ptilodactylidae further indicates that Paralichas White, 1859 (Cladotominae) does not form a monophylum with remaining ptilodactylids. Ptilodactylinae and an undescribed lineage from Indonesia are sister to the broadly delimited Anchytarsinae. Within Ptilodactylinae, Pherocladus Fairmaire, 1881 is sister to a clade formed by Ptilodactyla spp. and Podabrocephalus. We remove Falsotherius Pic, 1913 from Ptilodactylinae to Ptilodactylidae incertae sedis, and return Daemon Laporte, 1836 from Ptilodactylinae to Anchytarsinae. Cross validation of morphology- and DNA-based phylogenies is needed for interpreting phylogenetic inference in morphologically modified lineages.
{"title":"Podabrocephalus Pic is the morphologically modified lineage of Ptilodactylinae (Coleoptera: Elateriformia: Ptilodactylidae)","authors":"Robin Kundrata, M. Ivie, L. Bocak","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002190","url":null,"abstract":"A molecular phylogeny of Ptilodactylidae shows that Podabrocephalus\u0000Pic, 1913, the type genus of Podabrocephalidae Pic, 1930 is closely related to Ptilodactyla\u0000Illiger, 1807 and other genera of Ptilodactylinae. Consequently, Podabrocephalidae Pic, 1930\u0000syn. n. is proposed as a junior synonym of Ptilodactylidae Laporte, 1836. Earlier authors used the highly modified morphology of the male to justify a high rank for Podabrocephalus. The molecular phylogeny of Ptilodactylidae further indicates that Paralichas White, 1859 (Cladotominae) does not form a monophylum with remaining ptilodactylids. Ptilodactylinae and an undescribed lineage from Indonesia are sister to the broadly delimited Anchytarsinae. Within Ptilodactylinae, Pherocladus Fairmaire, 1881 is sister to a clade formed by Ptilodactyla spp. and Podabrocephalus. We remove Falsotherius\u0000Pic, 1913 from Ptilodactylinae to Ptilodactylidae incertae sedis, and return Daemon\u0000Laporte, 1836 from Ptilodactylinae to Anchytarsinae. Cross validation of morphology- and DNA-based phylogenies is needed for interpreting phylogenetic inference in morphologically modified lineages.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48085926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-11DOI: 10.1163/1876312x-00001042
T. L. Pacheco, F. Vaz-de-Mello
Paracanthon Balthasar 1938 includes four nominal species of dung beetles occurring in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern, southeastern and southern Brazil, and Misiones, Argentina. Here we describe twelve new species of Paracanthon: P. arnaudi sp. n., P. belloi sp. n., P felipei sp. n., P genieri sp. n., P. grossiorum sp. n., P. laevinotus sp. n., P. lopesandradei sp. n., P. marinezae sp. n., P. millerorum sp. n., P.monteiroorum sp. n., P. muriloi sp. n., P. ocellatopunctatus sp. n. We propose P. pereirai d’Andretta & Martínez 1957 as a new junior subjective synonym of P. rosinae Balthasar 1942. In addition, we present new data on the morphology of the hindwings and male genitalia, and an identification key to the species of the genus. Paracanthon is restricted to the Atlantic domain, and we briefly discuss the possible processes that might have led to the diversification of the putative lineages recognized here.
{"title":"A taxonomic revision of Paracanthon Balthasar, 1938 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae)","authors":"T. L. Pacheco, F. Vaz-de-Mello","doi":"10.1163/1876312x-00001042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312x-00001042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Paracanthon\u0000Balthasar 1938 includes four nominal species of dung beetles occurring in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern, southeastern and southern Brazil, and Misiones, Argentina. Here we describe twelve new species of Paracanthon: P. arnaudi\u0000sp. n., P. belloi\u0000sp. n., P felipei\u0000sp. n., P genieri\u0000sp. n., P. grossiorum\u0000sp. n., P. laevinotus\u0000sp. n., P. lopesandradei\u0000sp. n., P. marinezae\u0000sp. n., P. millerorum\u0000sp. n., P.monteiroorum\u0000sp. n., P. muriloi\u0000sp. n., P. ocellatopunctatus\u0000sp. n. We propose P. pereirai d’Andretta & Martínez 1957 as a new junior subjective synonym of P. rosinae\u0000Balthasar 1942. In addition, we present new data on the morphology of the hindwings and male genitalia, and an identification key to the species of the genus. Paracanthon is restricted to the Atlantic domain, and we briefly discuss the possible processes that might have led to the diversification of the putative lineages recognized here.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312x-00001042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43546613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-18DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002179
A. Namyatova, P. Contos, G. Cassis
Bothriomirini is a small tropical mirid tribe that has not been comprehensively revised nor has monophyly of the tribe and included genera been tested. This paper presents a systematic review of Bothrioimrini. Bothriomirella ater gen. nov. sp. nov., Bothriomiris lorenzatoae sp. nov., Dashymenia javanensis sp. nov. , Dashymenia jaydeni sp. nov. are described as new to science. A phylogenetic analysis of Bothriomirini based on morphological data is performed. The diagnoses of the tribe and most of its genera are discussed. Bakeriola crassicornis Poppius, Bothriomiris lugubris Poppius, Bothriomiris ornatus Bergroth, Dashymeniella tibialis Poppius and Leprocapsus scutellaris Poppius are redescribed. Female genitalia of Bothrimirini are discussed for the first time. This study supports the monophyly of the tribe and most genera and documents remarkable heterogeneity of the female genitalia. New locality data and a discussion of the distribution of Bothriomirini in relation to major biomes and climatic zones are provided.
{"title":"New species, taxonomy, phylogeny, and distribution of the tropical tribe Bothriomirini (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae)","authors":"A. Namyatova, P. Contos, G. Cassis","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002179","url":null,"abstract":"Bothriomirini is a small tropical mirid tribe that has not been comprehensively revised nor has monophyly of the tribe and included genera been tested. This paper presents a systematic review of Bothrioimrini. Bothriomirella ater\u0000gen. nov. sp. nov., Bothriomiris lorenzatoae\u0000sp. nov., Dashymenia javanensis\u0000sp. nov.\u0000, Dashymenia jaydeni\u0000sp. nov. are described as new to science. A phylogenetic analysis of Bothriomirini based on morphological data is performed. The diagnoses of the tribe and most of its genera are discussed. Bakeriola crassicornis Poppius, Bothriomiris lugubris Poppius, Bothriomiris ornatus Bergroth, Dashymeniella tibialis Poppius and Leprocapsus scutellaris Poppius are redescribed. Female genitalia of Bothrimirini are discussed for the first time. This study supports the monophyly of the tribe and most genera and documents remarkable heterogeneity of the female genitalia. New locality data and a discussion of the distribution of Bothriomirini in relation to major biomes and climatic zones are provided.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47927270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-18DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002183
R. Polseela, R. Wagner, G. Kvifte, Björn Rulik, C. Apiwathnasorn
We revise the Oriental species of Bruchomyiinae based on type and additional material, with first descriptions of the genus Alexanderia Wagner & Kvifte, gen. nov. and A. thailandensis Wagner, Rulik & Polseela, sp.nov. The genus further comprises Nemapalpus orientalis Edwards, 1928 (type species), Nemopalpus vietnamensis Quate, 1962 and Nemapalpus unicolor Edwards, 1928. Alexanderia thailandensis is described using morphology of males and females and DNA barcodes, whereas A. orientalis Edwards, 1928 comb.nov., A. unicolor Edwards 1928 comb.nov., and A. vietnamensis Quate 1962 comb. nov. are redescribed. The male and female internal genitalia in the genus are discussed in the context of sexual selection, and we suggest that the spermathecal ducts of the female and the basiphallic musculature of the male may be shaped by a male/female coevolutionary arms race.
{"title":"Revision of Bruchomyiinae (Diptera, Psychodidae) of the Oriental Region, with description of a new genus and species and discussion of putative male/female antagonistic coevolution","authors":"R. Polseela, R. Wagner, G. Kvifte, Björn Rulik, C. Apiwathnasorn","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002183","url":null,"abstract":"We revise the Oriental species of Bruchomyiinae based on type and additional material, with first descriptions of the genus Alexanderia Wagner & Kvifte, gen. nov. and A. thailandensis Wagner, Rulik & Polseela, sp.nov. The genus further comprises Nemapalpus orientalis\u0000Edwards, 1928 (type species), Nemopalpus vietnamensis\u0000Quate, 1962 and Nemapalpus unicolor\u0000Edwards, 1928. Alexanderia thailandensis is described using morphology of males and females and DNA barcodes, whereas A. orientalis\u0000Edwards, 1928\u0000comb.nov., A. unicolor\u0000Edwards 1928\u0000comb.nov., and A. vietnamensis\u0000Quate 1962\u0000comb. nov. are redescribed. The male and female internal genitalia in the genus are discussed in the context of sexual selection, and we suggest that the spermathecal ducts of the female and the basiphallic musculature of the male may be shaped by a male/female coevolutionary arms race.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47437921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-14DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-00002164
A. Zurita, R. Callejón, M. Rojas, C. Cutillas
In the present work, a comparative morphological and molecular study of Nosopsyllus barbarus (Jordan & Rothschild 1912) and Nosopsyllus fasciatus (Bosc, d’Antic 1800) isolated from rodents from different geographical regions (Spain, Morocco, Belgium, France and Portugal) has been carried out. The Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2) and partial 18S rRNA, and partial cytochrome c oxidase 1 ( cox1 ) and cytochrome b ( cytb ) mtDNA sequences were determined to clarify the taxonomic status of these two species and to assess intraspecific variation and inter-specific sequence differences. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis with other species of fleas using Bayesian inference was performed. We have found morphological differences between N. barbarus and N. fasciatus that did not correspond with molecular differences. Furthermore, any of the five molecular markers used in this study was able to discriminate between the two species. Thus, based on the phylogenetic and molecular study of three nuclear markers (18S, ITS1, ITS2) and two mitochondrial markers ( cox1 and cytb ), as well as the concatenated dataset of both species, we concluded that morphological characters traditionally used to discriminate between the two species do not provide solid arguments for considering these two “morphospecies” as two different species. Therefore, we propose N. barbarus should be considered as a junior synonym of N. fasciatus .
{"title":"Morphological and molecular study of the genus Nosopsyllus (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae). Nosopsyllus barbarus () as a junior synonym of Nosopsyllus fasciatus (Bosc d’Antic, 1800)","authors":"A. Zurita, R. Callejón, M. Rojas, C. Cutillas","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-00002164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002164","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, a comparative morphological and molecular study of Nosopsyllus barbarus (Jordan & Rothschild 1912) and Nosopsyllus fasciatus (Bosc, d’Antic 1800) isolated from rodents from different geographical regions (Spain, Morocco, Belgium, France and Portugal) has been carried out. The Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2) and partial 18S rRNA, and partial cytochrome c oxidase 1 ( cox1 ) and cytochrome b ( cytb ) mtDNA sequences were determined to clarify the taxonomic status of these two species and to assess intraspecific variation and inter-specific sequence differences. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis with other species of fleas using Bayesian inference was performed. We have found morphological differences between N. barbarus and N. fasciatus that did not correspond with molecular differences. Furthermore, any of the five molecular markers used in this study was able to discriminate between the two species. Thus, based on the phylogenetic and molecular study of three nuclear markers (18S, ITS1, ITS2) and two mitochondrial markers ( cox1 and cytb ), as well as the concatenated dataset of both species, we concluded that morphological characters traditionally used to discriminate between the two species do not provide solid arguments for considering these two “morphospecies” as two different species. Therefore, we propose N. barbarus should be considered as a junior synonym of N. fasciatus .","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"49 1","pages":"81-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-00002164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42481272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-14DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-48022163
Christine V. Schmidt, J. Heinze
The myrmicine ant genus Cardiocondyla is characterized by a peculiar male diphenism with winged disperser males and wingless, “ergatoid” fighter males. Here we describe and illustrate the morphology of the male external genitalia of 13 species of this genus. Several characters, especially the parossiculus of the volsella and the medial face of the paramere, vary between different species groups and might be useful to clarify the infrageneric taxonomy of Cardiocondyla. External genitalia between different phenotypes of a species differ primarily in size. All examined males, both winged and ergatoid, have a parameral hook that resembles a structure described in Nesomyrmex males but apparently is absent in other studied myrmicine ants. The presence and absence of this hook might be useful for future studies on the relationships within the myrmicine tribe Crematogastrini.
{"title":"Genital Morphology of Winged and Wingless Males in the Ant Genus Cardiocondyla (Formicidae, Myrmicinae)","authors":"Christine V. Schmidt, J. Heinze","doi":"10.1163/1876312X-48022163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-48022163","url":null,"abstract":"The myrmicine ant genus Cardiocondyla is characterized by a peculiar male diphenism with winged disperser males and wingless, “ergatoid” fighter males. Here we describe and illustrate the morphology of the male external genitalia of 13 species of this genus. Several characters, especially the parossiculus of the volsella and the medial face of the paramere, vary between different species groups and might be useful to clarify the infrageneric taxonomy of Cardiocondyla. External genitalia between different phenotypes of a species differ primarily in size. All examined males, both winged and ergatoid, have a parameral hook that resembles a structure described in Nesomyrmex males but apparently is absent in other studied myrmicine ants. The presence and absence of this hook might be useful for future studies on the relationships within the myrmicine tribe Crematogastrini.","PeriodicalId":54975,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics & Evolution","volume":"49 1","pages":"59-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/1876312X-48022163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45537050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-14DOI: 10.1163/1876312X-48022159
Thiago Xisto, M. C. Mendonça
Aimed at extending the incipient knowledge of Dicranocentrus in Brazil, in this study we describe and illustrate the morphology and chaetotaxy of four new species from Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo States and also two new records of D. heloisae for Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo States. The new species D. magnus sp.n., D. albicephalus sp.n. and D. marimutti sp.n. belong to the gracilis-group and D. pikachu sp.n. to the marias-group. A map with their distribution in Brazil and a table with Neotropical species’ main characteristics are also provided. The species herein reported represent the first record of Dicranocentrus for Sao Paulo State.
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