Infection Genetics and Evolution最新文献_第6页

Genomic mechanisms underlying the adaptation of Anaerobutyricum species to the human host 厌氧丁酸菌对人类宿主适应的基因组机制。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105844

Chaoyang Gu , Dezhong Wang , Kai Han , Jiarui Li , Liang Chen , Qinghui Zhuang , Tingzhu Yao , HengKun Wei , Jinglin Yue , Mingxi Hua , Chen Chen

The Anaerobutyricum genus, comprising Anaerobutyricum hallii and Anaerobutyricum soehngenii, is prevalent in the human gut microbiota and produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that influence host metabolism and inflammation. However, systematic genomic studies on this genus are limited. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis of 84 Anaerobutyricum genomes, based on the average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI) and core genes phylogenetic tree analysis, we clustered the Anaerobutyricum genus to Anaerobutyricum spp., Anaerobutyricum hallii and Anaerobutyricum soehngenii. Specifically, Anaerobutyricum hallii and Anaerobutyricum soehngenii are specific to human hosts, possessing longer genomes and lower GC content. They contain more integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), which genetically encoded dltA, mbtB and dhbE genes that responds for the biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides, which might contribute to its colonization. In addition, ICEs in Anaerobutyricum hallii and Anaerobutyricum soehngenii could also pose a risk for antibiotic resistance gene transfer. Our study advances the understanding the of Anaerobutyricum's and host adaptability, highlighting the importance of genomic analysis in refining taxonomic boundaries and assessing the safety of using these bacteria as probiotics.

厌氧丁酸菌属，包括哈利厌氧丁酸菌和索氏厌氧丁酸菌，普遍存在于人类肠道微生物群中，产生影响宿主代谢和炎症的短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）。然而，该属的系统基因组研究是有限的。本研究对84个厌氧丁酸菌基因组进行了全面的基因组分析，基于平均核苷酸同源性（ANI）、平均氨基酸同源性（AAI）和核心基因系统发育树分析，将厌氧丁酸菌属聚类为厌氧丁酸菌spp.、厌氧丁酸菌hallii和厌氧丁酸菌soehngenii。具体来说，哈利氏厌氧丁酸菌和索氏厌氧丁酸菌是人类宿主特有的，具有较长的基因组和较低的GC含量。它们含有更多的整合和共轭元件（ice），这些元件编码dltA， mbtB和dhbE基因，这些基因响应铁载体组非核糖体肽的生物合成，这可能有助于其定植。此外，哈利厌氧丁酸菌和索氏厌氧丁酸菌的ice也可能造成抗生素耐药基因转移的风险。我们的研究促进了对厌氧丁酸菌和宿主适应性的理解，强调了基因组分析在完善分类界限和评估使用这些细菌作为益生菌的安全性方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term circulation and molecular evolution of rat hepatitis E virus in wild Norway rat populations from Berlin, Germany 德国柏林野生挪威大鼠种群中戊型肝炎病毒的长期循环和分子进化。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105841

Jessica Panajotov , Katja Schilling-Loeffler , Calvin Mehl , Dorina Meneghini , Jörns Fickel , Janina Beyer , Thomas von Graffenried , Gerald Heckel , Rainer G. Ulrich , Reimar Johne

Rat hepatitis E virus (ratHEV, Rocahepevirus ratti) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen which was recently identified in several human hepatitis patients. The virus has been demonstrated in its primary reservoir hosts, rats, in many countries of the world. However, little is known about the persistence and molecular evolution of ratHEV in a host population over time. Here, wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Berlin, Germany, were screened for ratHEV, and virus strains and rats were genetically characterized. The ratHEV detection rate in 2023 (8.3 %, 11/131) was similar to that of 2009/2010 (11.5 %, 7/61). Generated virus genome sequences showed 89.3 % to 100 % nucleotide sequence similarity to each other. Phylogenetic analysis indicated clustering of the sequences from the rats and a human patient from Berlin, irrespective of year and separate from sequences from other parts of Germany. Strains from Berlin formed subclades according to sampling districts, and rivers were identified as possible barriers between subclades. Rat population genetics analysis indicated a stable rat population with a dominant genetic cluster containing most ratHEV-infected rats at both time-points, and the presence of closely related virus strains within a genetic subcluster. Analysis of all ratHEV strains identified variable amino acid positions in all four virus-encoded proteins. The results indicate long-term persistence of ratHEV in wild rat populations, which is mainly driven by local transmission of virus strains in small geographic areas. Environmental and rat surveillance for ratHEV, along with effective pest control, should be considered to reduce the risk of human infections in future.

大鼠戊型肝炎病毒（ratHEV）是一种新出现的人畜共患病原体，最近在一些人类肝炎患者中发现。在世界许多国家，该病毒已在其主要宿主大鼠中得到证实。然而，随着时间的推移，人们对ratHEV在宿主群体中的持久性和分子进化知之甚少。在这里，对来自德国柏林的野生挪威大鼠（褐家鼠）进行了ratHEV筛选，并对病毒株和大鼠进行了遗传表征。2023年ratHEV检出率（8.3 %,11/131）与2009/2010年（11.5 %,7/61）相似。生成的病毒基因组序列之间核苷酸序列相似性为89.3% % ~ 100% %。系统发育分析表明，来自柏林的大鼠和一名人类患者的序列聚类，不分年份，与来自德国其他地区的序列分离。来自柏林的菌株根据采样区形成亚支系，河流被确定为亚支系之间可能的屏障。大鼠群体遗传学分析表明，在两个时间点，大鼠群体稳定，优势遗传集群包含大多数感染rathev的大鼠，并且在遗传亚集群中存在密切相关的病毒株。对所有ratHEV菌株的分析发现，所有四种病毒编码蛋白的氨基酸位置都是可变的。结果表明，ratHEV在野生大鼠种群中长期存在，这主要是由于病毒株在小地理区域的局部传播所致。应考虑开展环境和鼠类监测，同时采取有效的害虫防治措施，以减少今后人类感染的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Reassessing putative antimicrobial resistance variants in Burkholderia pseudomallei: Commentary on a recent genomic analysis 重新评估假性伯克氏菌中假定的抗菌素耐药性变异：对最近基因组分析的评论。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105842

Erin P. Price , Derek S. Sarovich

引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis from red foxes and humans in northern and northeastern Poland investigated using the microsatellite EmsB 用微卫星EmsB对波兰北部和东北部地区红狐和人多房棘球蚴的遗传多样性进行了研究。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105843

Paweł Gładysz , Małgorzata Samorek-Pieróg , Jacek Karamon , Krzysztof Rębała , Małgorzata Sulima , Dariusz Zadrożny , Anna Lass

Background

Echinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis (AE). We explored the diversity of EmsB profiles of E. multilocularis from red foxes and humans in northern and northeastern Poland, with a particular focus on autochthonous Asian variants.

Methods

We investigated 263 adult tapeworms from 59 red foxes hunted in selected districts of three voivodships and ten metacestodes extracted from AE patients who never visited Asia. We conducted hierarchical clustering of the obtained EmsB profiles combined with a custom Asian reference dataset and interpreted the resulting phenogram by applying the standard genetic distance threshold (GDT) of 0.08 and Dynamic Tree Cut (DTC).

Results

The GDT divided the 273 profiles into six units, with Pol-B being the most frequent (220/273, 81 %) and widespread variant. DTC grouped the profiles into three phenons (PH). Eight out of ten people got infected with the predominant variant, PH-2/Pol-B. Among the 273 samples, thirty-six (13 %) matched the Asian reference set, including metacestodes from a Lithuanian patient and a Polish patient.

Conclusions

Genetically extra-European variants reach as far north as Pomorskie Voivodship. They likely come from East Asia. The autochthonous AE case with an Asian profile confirms that such tapeworms have penetrated the synanthropic cycle.

背景：多房棘球蚴是肺泡棘球蚴病（AE）的病原体。我们探索了波兰北部和东北部红狐和人类多房棘猴EmsB谱的多样性，特别关注亚洲本土变异。方法：从3个省选定地区捕获的59只红狐中提取263条成虫，并从从未去过亚洲的AE患者中提取10种囊绦虫。我们结合自定义的亚洲参考数据集对获得的EmsB谱进行了分层聚类，并通过0.08的标准遗传距离阈值（GDT）和动态树切（DTC）来解释得到的表型图。结果：GDT将273个基因型分为6个单位，其中Pol-B是最常见的（220/273,81 %）和广泛变异。DTC将这些剖面分为三个表型（pH）。10人中有8人感染了主要变种PH-2/Pol-B。在273个样本中，36个（13 %）与亚洲参考集匹配，包括来自立陶宛患者和波兰患者的元跖骨。结论：基因上的非欧洲变异最远可到达波莫尔斯基省北部。他们可能来自东亚。具有亚洲特征的本土AE病例证实，这种绦虫已经穿透了共胞循环。

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引用次数: 0

Genomic insights into persistent infections, reinfections, and subspecies diversity of Mycobacteroides abscessus: A whole-genome sequencing study of Thai and global isolates 持续感染、再感染和脓肿分枝杆菌亚种多样性的基因组研究：泰国和全球分离株的全基因组测序研究。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105838

Kanwara Trisakul , Auttawit Sirichoat , Arnone Nithichanon , Suwatchareeporn Rotcheewaphan , Jody Phelan , Taane G. Clark , Kiatichai Faksri

Mycobacteroides abscessus is a highly resistant pathogen with significant genetic diversity and complicating clinical management. This study used whole-genome sequencing to analyze genomic variations in seven serially collected isolates from three Thai patients, distinguishing between persistent infections and reinfections. Comparative analysis with 43 global isolates revealed subspecies-specific genetic diversity and distribution patterns. Among Thai isolates, two paired samples (P7.1-P7.2 and P15.1-P15.2) were persistent infections (same clone), while two (P8.1-P8.2 and P15.2-P15.3) were reinfections (different clones). Genome-wide comparisons revealed depth distribution patterns and gene cluster variations among different clones, whereas minimal divergence was observed within persistent infections. Although initial pan-genome analysis identified unique genes in same-clone pairs (P7.1 vs. P7.2 and P15.1 vs. P15.2), further validation using raw read mapping confirmed these genes were not truly unique. Analysis of global isolates showed subspecies-specific genetic variations. M. abscessus subsp. abscessus (MAB) and M. abscessus subsp. massiliense (MMAS) exhibited distinct genotypically drug resistance profiles, with unique core genes linked to adaptation and resistance mechanisms. STRING analysis identified 42 unique core genes in MAB, with 11 gene interactions—truB, prmC_2, and aguA_2 showing the highest interaction scores. In contrast, MMAS had 11 unique core genes with a single interaction between lgrD_4 and rnc. Subsequent validation using NCBI BLAST showed only fmt_2 and aguA_2 were truly unique to MAB. This study provides new insights into the genomic evolution of M. abscessus during persistent and reinfections and genetic variation among subspecies. The findings enhance understanding of M. abscessus epidemiology and may inform therapeutic and infection control.

脓肿分枝杆菌是一种高度耐药的病原体，具有显著的遗传多样性和复杂的临床管理。该研究使用全基因组测序分析了从3名泰国患者连续收集的7株分离株的基因组变异，区分了持续感染和再感染。与43个全球分离株的比较分析揭示了亚种特异性遗传多样性和分布格局。在泰国分离株中，2对样本（p7.1 ~ p7.2和p15.1 ~ p15.2）为持续感染（同一克隆），2对样本（p8.1 ~ p8.2和p15.2 ~ p15.3）为再感染（不同克隆）。全基因组比较揭示了不同克隆之间的深度分布模式和基因簇变异，而在持续感染中观察到的差异很小。虽然最初的泛基因组分析确定了相同克隆对中的独特基因（P7.1 vs. P7.2和P15.1 vs. P15.2），但使用原始读取图谱进一步验证证实这些基因并非真正独特。全球分离株分析显示亚种特异性遗传变异。脓肿支原体脓疡芽孢杆菌（MAB）和脓疡芽孢杆菌。马尾蛇（MMAS）表现出独特的基因典型耐药谱，具有与适应和耐药机制相关的独特核心基因。字符串分析鉴定出42个独特的MAB核心基因，其中trub、prmC_2和aguA_2等11个基因互作得分最高。相比之下，MMAS有11个独特的核心基因，lgrD_4和rnc之间存在单一的相互作用。随后使用NCBI BLAST验证表明，只有fmt_2和aguA_2是MAB真正独特的。本研究为脓疡分枝杆菌在持续感染和再感染期间的基因组进化以及亚种间的遗传变异提供了新的见解。研究结果增强了对脓疡分枝杆菌流行病学的认识，并可能为治疗和感染控制提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering the mobility, pathogenic hosts, and co-selection of antibiotic resistance genes in untreated wastewater from three different hospitals 解读三家不同医院未经处理废水中抗生素耐药基因的移动性、致病宿主和共选择

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105840

Yanying Feng , Qiheng Yuan , Longji Wang , Yutong Kang , Meiqin Zheng , Zhenjun Li

Objective

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in hospital wastewater pose significant environmental and public health risks, yet the co-selection mechanisms involving metal/biocide resistance genes (MRGs/BRGs) and the role of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the abundance, mobility, pathogenic hosts, and co-selection patterns of ARGs, MRGs, and BRGs in untreated wastewater from three types of hospitals.

Methods

Untreated wastewater samples from nine sources across three hospital types (general, traditional Chinese medicine, and dental) were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing and assembly. ARGs, MRGs, and BRGs were identified via the SARG and BacMet databases. ARG hosts, mobility, and MGE co-occurrence were analyzed using PlasFlow and MOB-suite, with risk levels evaluated alongside pathogenic bacteria databases.

Results

A total of 1911 ARGs (222 subtypes), 1662 MRGs (167 subtypes), and 916 BRGs (139 subtypes) were detected. Tetracycline, multidrug, and β-lactam resistance genes were predominant, with 46.43 % of ARGs being plasmid-associated. Key pathogens including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus spp. harbored high-risk ARGs such as KPC-2 and NDM-1. Notably, 76.2 % of ARGs in traditional Chinese medicine hospital wastewater were classified as high-risk. Significant co-occurrence of ARGs with MGEs (e.g., DDE recombinases) and MRGs/BRGs was observed, underscoring the role of horizontal gene transfer and co-selection.

Conclusion

Untreated hospital wastewater represents a significant reservoir of ARGs, with risks exacerbated by pathogenic hosts, MGE-mediated HGT, and metal/biocide co-selection. These findings underscore the urgent need for optimized wastewater treatment strategies to curb the spread of antibiotic resistance and inform future intervention efforts.

目的：医院废水中的抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）对环境和公共健康构成重大风险，但金属/杀菌剂耐药基因（MRGs/BRGs）的共选择机制以及移动遗传元件（MGEs）的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在综合评估三种医院未经处理废水中ARGs、MRGs和BRGs的丰度、流动性、致病宿主和共选择模式。方法：采用宏基因组测序和组装方法对来自三种医院类型（普通医院、中医医院和牙科医院）9个来源的未经处理废水样本进行分析。arg、mrg和brg通过SARG和BacMet数据库进行鉴定。使用PlasFlow和mobo -suite分析ARG宿主、移动性和MGE共发生情况，并根据致病菌数据库评估风险水平。结果：共检测到1911个arg（222个亚型），1662个mrg（167个亚型），916个brg（139个亚型）。以四环素、多药和β-内酰胺耐药基因为主，46.43 %的ARGs与质粒相关。肺炎克雷伯菌、肠球菌等主要病原菌携带KPC-2、NDM-1等高危ARGs。值得注意的是，中医院废水中ARGs的高危率为76.2 %。观察到ARGs与MGEs（如DDE重组酶）和MRGs/BRGs的显著共发生，强调了水平基因转移和共选择的作用。结论：未经处理的医院废水是ARGs的重要储藏库，病原宿主、mge介导的HGT和金属/杀菌剂的共选择加剧了ARGs的风险。这些发现强调迫切需要优化废水处理策略，以遏制抗生素耐药性的传播，并为未来的干预工作提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis reveals the gene expression changes in Strongyloides ratti tissue-migrating larvae 转录组分析揭示了鼠圆线虫组织迁移幼虫基因表达的变化。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105839

Mari Ishida , Takao Irie , Ryusei Tanaka , Haruhiko Maruyama , Ayako Yoshida

Strongyloides ratti is an intestinal nematode commonly found in rats. Unlike other Strongyloides species, the tissue-migrating third-stage larvae in S. ratti follow a unique route of invasion via the nasofrontal region before reaching the gut. Despite its importance in host invasion, the transcriptomic profile of this larval stage has not been characterized. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to examine gene expression in head-derived tissue-migrating third-stage larvae (hL3) and infective third-stage larvae (iL3) of the S. ratti Tokyo strain. hL3 were collected from rat heads at 30 h post-infection. Differential expression analysis revealed 664 upregulated genes in hL3. Functional annotation showed enrichment of genes encoding astacin metalloproteases and sperm-coating protein/Tpx-1/Ag5/PR-1/Sc7 (SCP/TAPS) protein families—both associated with tissue invasion and immune modulation. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to validate selected differentially expressed genes. Seven hL3-specific astacin genes were identified, of which six belonged to the M12A group. One hL3-specific astacin gene showed domain similarity to strongylastacin, a known tissue-penetration protein. Two SCP/TAPS genes were unique to hL3 and were absent from parasitic females, suggesting distinct roles in larval migration. By contrast, G protein-coupled receptor genes, particularly those related to chemosensory functions, were not upregulated in hL3, indicating that these pathways may be less important during this stage. These results provide the first transcriptomic profile of hL3 in S. ratti, and identify potential molecular mechanisms driving larval migration and immune evasion during host infection.

圆形线虫是一种常见于大鼠的肠道线虫。与其他圆形线虫不同的是，在到达肠道之前，S. ratti的组织迁移第三阶段幼虫遵循独特的入侵途径，通过鼻额区。尽管它在宿主入侵中很重要，但这一幼虫阶段的转录组学特征尚未被表征。在这项研究中，我们采用RNA测序（RNA-seq）方法检测了东京鼠斑绦虫头源性组织迁移第三期幼虫（hL3）和感染性第三期幼虫（iL3）的基因表达。感染后30 h从大鼠头部采集hL3。差异表达分析显示，在hL3中有664个基因表达上调。功能注释显示，astacin金属蛋白酶和精子包膜蛋白/Tpx-1/Ag5/PR-1/Sc7 （SCP/TAPS）蛋白家族编码基因富集，这些基因都与组织侵袭和免疫调节有关。采用定量RT-PCR技术对选择的差异表达基因进行验证。共鉴定出7个h3特异性星酸基因，其中6个属于M12A组。一个hl3特异性的星黄素基因显示与强基星黄素（一种已知的组织渗透蛋白）结构域相似。两个SCP/TAPS基因是hL3所特有的，在寄生雌性中不存在，这表明在幼虫迁移中有不同的作用。相比之下，G蛋白偶联受体基因，特别是那些与化学感觉功能相关的基因，在hL3中没有上调，这表明这些途径在这一阶段可能不那么重要。这些结果提供了鼠形霉hL3的首个转录组谱，并确定了在宿主感染期间驱动幼虫迁移和免疫逃避的潜在分子机制。

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引用次数: 0

Postbiotics and extracellular vesicles: Mechanisms of action and clinical promise in respiratory infections and inflammation 生物后制剂和细胞外囊泡：呼吸道感染和炎症的作用机制和临床前景。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105837

Manouchehr Fadaee , Danial Mahrooghi , Masoud Lahouty , Shahram Abdoli Oskouei , Javad Nezhadi

Postbiotics are bioactive metabolites and structural components derived from probiotic microorganisms that exert health benefits without the requirement for live bacteria. These include short-chain fatty acids, peptides, polysaccharides, and bacterial cell wall fragments, all of which demonstrate immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Compared with probiotics, postbiotics are more stable, safer, and increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic agents. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by probiotics have likewise emerged as important mediators of host–microbe interactions. In respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, influenza, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), asthma, cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, and allergic rhinitis, postbiotics strengthen epithelial barriers, regulate immune responses, disrupt pathogenic biofilms, and enhance the effectiveness of conventional therapies. Their capacity to influence the gut–lung axis further extends their benefits beyond the respiratory system, contributing to systemic immune balance and microbiota homeostasis. Moreover, postbiotics show potential in mitigating antimicrobial resistance by selectively targeting pathogens while preserving commensal microbes. Taken together, the safety, versatility, and therapeutic promise of postbiotics highlight their potential as adjuncts to standard treatments and as innovative strategies for infection control and respiratory health management.

后生物制剂是从益生菌微生物中提取的生物活性代谢物和结构成分，在不需要活菌的情况下发挥健康益处。这些物质包括短链脂肪酸、多肽、多糖和细菌细胞壁片段，它们都具有免疫调节、抗炎和抗菌特性。与益生菌相比，后益生菌更稳定、更安全，越来越被认为是潜在的治疗药物。由益生菌释放的细胞外囊泡（EVs）也同样成为宿主-微生物相互作用的重要介质。在肺炎、流感、2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）、哮喘、囊性纤维化、结核病和变应性鼻炎等呼吸道疾病中，后生物制剂可增强上皮屏障，调节免疫反应，破坏致病性生物膜，并增强常规疗法的有效性。它们影响肠-肺轴的能力进一步将其益处扩展到呼吸系统之外，有助于系统免疫平衡和微生物群稳态。此外，后生物制剂显示出通过选择性靶向病原体同时保存共生微生物来减轻抗菌素耐药性的潜力。综上所述，后生物制剂的安全性、多功能性和治疗前景突出了它们作为标准治疗的辅助手段以及作为感染控制和呼吸健康管理的创新策略的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Meta-analysis of genetic diversity of VP1 gene of foot and mouth disease virus serotypes prevalent in Bangladesh from 2010 to 2024 2010 - 2024年孟加拉国流行口蹄疫病毒血清型VP1基因遗传多样性的meta分析

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105835

Md. Abdur Rahman , Farah Zereen , Md. Al-Amin , Md. Golzar Hossain , Jahangir Alam , Masaru Shimada , Md. Tanvir Rahman , Sukumar Saha

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a transboundary viral disease caused by the Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), which is classified into seven serotypes (A, O, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3) within the Picornaviridae family and Aphthovirus genus that affects both wild and domesticated cloven-hoofed animals, leading to high morbidity and substantial economic losses. In Bangladesh, three serotypes of FMDV: O, A, and Asia 1 predominantly affect cattle, remarkably more than one serotype in each year. Disease prevention relies on vaccination against the prevalent serotypes. However, despite extensive vaccination efforts, FMD outbreaks continue to occur due to high variability in FMDV, particularly of the VP1 gene, which gives rise to new variants and complicates control strategies. This review aims to Meta-analyze the epidemiological characteristics and functional divergence of prevalent FMDV serotypes in Bangladesh from 2010 to 2024 by examining their evolutionary history and dynamics based on partial VP1 gene sequences retrieved from NCBI GenBank database. It explores the FMDV serotypes, host, ecology, annual prevalence, sequence length, antigenic regions, evolutionary relationships, genotypes, and divergence, as well as amino acid variables in the BC loop, G-H loop and C-terminus region of the VP1 gene of prevalent FMDV serotypes. Additionally, the study addresses the similarity of currently used FMDV vaccine strains` VP1 amino acid sequences compare to VP1 amino acid sequence of prevalent FMDV serotypes, underscoring the need for updated vaccines that target circulating strains for effective disease control.

口蹄疫（FMD）是由口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）引起的一种跨界病毒性疾病，该病毒分为小核糖核酸病毒科和Aphthovirus属的七种血清型（a、O、C、Asia 1、SAT 1、SAT 2和SAT 3），可影响野生和家养的分蹄动物，导致高发病率和重大经济损失。在孟加拉国，三种血清型口蹄疫病毒：O型、A型和亚洲1型主要影响牛，每年明显不止一种血清型。疾病预防依赖于针对流行血清型的疫苗接种。然而，尽管开展了广泛的疫苗接种工作，但由于口蹄疫病毒，特别是VP1基因的高度变异，导致新的变异和控制策略复杂化，口蹄疫疫情继续发生。本文基于NCBI GenBank数据库检索的部分VP1基因序列，对2010 - 2024年孟加拉国流行FMDV血清型的进化历史和动态进行meta分析。探讨流行FMDV血清型、宿主、生态、年流行率、序列长度、抗原区、进化关系、基因型、分化，以及VP1基因BC环、G-H环和c端区的氨基酸变化。此外，该研究解决了目前使用的FMDV疫苗株的VP1氨基酸序列与流行的FMDV血清型的VP1氨基酸序列的相似性，强调需要更新针对流行菌株的疫苗以有效控制疾病。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of alphacoronaviruses in Rhinolophus ferrumequinum in Ehime, Japan. 日本爱媛地区铁鼻蝽中甲型冠状病毒的检测。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Genetics and Evolution

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2025.105809

Hirohito Ogawa, Ryusei Kuwata, Shumpei Watanabe, Atsushi Nakamoto, Shuji Yachimori, Makoto Takeishi, Ryota Niino, Haruhiko Isawa, Ken Maeda, Yasuhiro Yoshikawa

Bats are suspected reservoirs for several emerging viruses, including coronaviruses. Here, we report the detection of coronaviruses in the insectivorous bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, in Ehime Prefecture, located in Shikoku, the smallest of the four main islands of Japan. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial sequence of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene revealed that alphacoronaviruses have circulated throughout Ehime. Additionally, the near whole-genome sequence of the identified virus (EhRf2310-18) was closely related to that of BtRf-alphaCoV/HuB2013 identified in R. ferrumequinum in China (93.062 % overall nucleotide identity), indicating that bat coronaviruses circulating in Ehime belong to the Decacovirus subgenus of Alphacoronavirus. Alphacoronaviruses in R. ferrumequinum may be strongly adapted to this species, and are distributed across a wide area between Ehime and China.

蝙蝠被怀疑是包括冠状病毒在内的几种新出现病毒的宿主。在这里，我们报告了在位于日本四个主要岛屿中最小的四国县的爱元县发现的食虫蝙蝠（Rhinolophus ferrumequinum）中发现的冠状病毒。RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶基因部分序列的系统发育分析显示，甲型冠状病毒在爱希姆病毒中传播。此外，鉴定到的病毒（EhRf2310-18）的近全基因组序列与中国ferrumequinum中鉴定到的BtRf-alphaCoV/HuB2013密切相关（总核苷酸同源性为93.062 %），表明在爱希姆流行的蝙蝠冠状病毒属于甲型冠状病毒的十科病毒亚属。铁质棘球蚴中的甲冠状病毒可能对该物种有很强的适应性，并且分布在爱希姆和中国之间的广阔地区。

引用次数: 0