Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3365035
Guanrong Chen
This brief reviews the millennium transition of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society Newsletter to Magazine.
本简报回顾了《电气和电子工程师学会电路与系统协会通讯》向杂志过渡的千年历程。
{"title":"From Newsletter to Magazine: The Millennium Transition [Special Issue on the 75th Anniversary of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society]","authors":"Guanrong Chen","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3365035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3365035","url":null,"abstract":"This brief reviews the millennium transition of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society Newsletter to Magazine.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141064169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3395719
{"title":"IEEE App","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3395719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3395719","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3393008
{"title":"IEEE Foundation","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3393008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3393008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3383809
Zeeshan Ali, Pallavi Paliwal, Meraj Ahmad, Hadi Heidari, Shalabh Gupta
Fast settling phase locked loops (PLLs) play a pivotal role in many applications requiring rapid attainment of a stable frequency and phase. In modern communication standards, these PLLs are extensively utilized to guarantee precise compliance with dynamic resource allocation requirements. In processors, these PLLs manage dynamic voltage frequency scaling. Moreover, the fast-settling PLLs expedite the scanning of frequency spectra in sophisticated electronic radar set-ups, proving particularly advantageous for imaging and scanning radar applications. The rapid response exhibited by these PLLs is also harnessed in quantum technologies, catering to the urgent need for precise frequency adjustments to manipulate qubit states effectively. The strategies employed to attain fast-settling PLLs are primarily classified into five broad techniques in this article: enhanced phase frequency detection, hybrid multiple subsystems, VCO start-up, gear shift, and look-up table or finite state machine. This article explores the fundamental operational principles encompassing these techniques and presents optimal settling times for each method reported in the literature. Finally, the architectures utilizing these techniques will be evaluated based on their figure of merit (FoM), settling time, and tuning range.
{"title":"Fast Settling Phase-Locked Loops: A Comprehensive Survey of Applications and Techniques [Feature]","authors":"Zeeshan Ali, Pallavi Paliwal, Meraj Ahmad, Hadi Heidari, Shalabh Gupta","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3383809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3383809","url":null,"abstract":"Fast settling phase locked loops (PLLs) play a pivotal role in many applications requiring rapid attainment of a stable frequency and phase. In modern communication standards, these PLLs are extensively utilized to guarantee precise compliance with dynamic resource allocation requirements. In processors, these PLLs manage dynamic voltage frequency scaling. Moreover, the fast-settling PLLs expedite the scanning of frequency spectra in sophisticated electronic radar set-ups, proving particularly advantageous for imaging and scanning radar applications. The rapid response exhibited by these PLLs is also harnessed in quantum technologies, catering to the urgent need for precise frequency adjustments to manipulate qubit states effectively. The strategies employed to attain fast-settling PLLs are primarily classified into five broad techniques in this article: enhanced phase frequency detection, hybrid multiple subsystems, VCO start-up, gear shift, and look-up table or finite state machine. This article explores the fundamental operational principles encompassing these techniques and presents optimal settling times for each method reported in the literature. Finally, the architectures utilizing these techniques will be evaluated based on their figure of merit (FoM), settling time, and tuning range.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3392989
{"title":"Proceedings of the IEEE","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3392989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3392989","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3352552
Victor Medina, Pieter Rombouts, Luis Hernandez-Corporales
The fact that VCO-ADCs produce noise-shaped quantization noise suggests that a link between frequency modulation and Sigma-Delta modulation should exist. The connection between a VCO-ADC and a first-order Sigma-Delta modulator has been already explained using Pulse Frequency Modulation. In this article, we attempt to extend this explanation to a generic Sigma-Delta modulator. We show that the link between Sigma-Delta modulation and Pulse Frequency Modulation relies in a sampling invariance property that defines the equivalence between both entities. This equivalence property, allows to go beyond the white quantization noise model of a Sigma-Delta modulator, revealing the origin of some nonlinear phenomena. We first predict spurious tones which cannot be explained by circuit non linearity. Multi-bit and single-bit modulators are shown to belong to a same generic class of systems. Finally, quantizer overload is analyzed using our model. The results are applied to Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta modulators of orders one, two and three and then extended to a generic case.
{"title":"A Different View of Sigma-Delta Modulators Under the Lens of Pulse Frequency Modulation [Feature]","authors":"Victor Medina, Pieter Rombouts, Luis Hernandez-Corporales","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3352552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3352552","url":null,"abstract":"The fact that VCO-ADCs produce noise-shaped quantization noise suggests that a link between frequency modulation and Sigma-Delta modulation should exist. The connection between a VCO-ADC and a first-order Sigma-Delta modulator has been already explained using Pulse Frequency Modulation. In this article, we attempt to extend this explanation to a generic Sigma-Delta modulator. We show that the link between Sigma-Delta modulation and Pulse Frequency Modulation relies in a sampling invariance property that defines the equivalence between both entities. This equivalence property, allows to go beyond the white quantization noise model of a Sigma-Delta modulator, revealing the origin of some nonlinear phenomena. We first predict spurious tones which cannot be explained by circuit non linearity. Multi-bit and single-bit modulators are shown to belong to a same generic class of systems. Finally, quantizer overload is analyzed using our model. The results are applied to Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta modulators of orders one, two and three and then extended to a generic case.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3365774
Wolfgang Mathis
This essay first presents biographical details about Georg Simon Ohm. His most important contributions to the theory of electrical circuits are then discussed.
本文首先介绍了乔治-西蒙-欧姆的详细生平。然后讨论了他对电路理论最重要的贡献。
{"title":"Georg Simon Ohm [CAS Education]","authors":"Wolfgang Mathis","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3365774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3365774","url":null,"abstract":"This essay first presents biographical details about Georg Simon Ohm. His most important contributions to the theory of electrical circuits are then discussed.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3376301
Fakhrul Zaman Rokhani, Xinmiao Zhang, Rajiv V. Joshi, Ricardo Reis, Victor Grimblatt, Kea-Tiong Tang, Yongfu Li, Amara Amara, Manuel Delgado-Restituto
The Circuits and Systems Society (CASS) places a strong emphasis on advancing education within its domain. Various educational programs and resources have contributed to the professional development of CASS members for more than 20 years now. A major transformation within the Society was started in 2021 with a clear vision to become a premier educational resource within circuits and systems areas of interest. This article provides a comprehensive review of flagship educational programs and past initiatives. Insights from the lessons learned and future trends in the education ecosystem guided society’s strategies and frameworks for improving and developing new educational products and services. The benefits of learning with the CASS program are presented, highlighting the Society’s deep commitment to serving the community at large in educational pursuit for years to come.
{"title":"Past, Present, and Future of CASS Educational Programs and Initiatives [Feature]","authors":"Fakhrul Zaman Rokhani, Xinmiao Zhang, Rajiv V. Joshi, Ricardo Reis, Victor Grimblatt, Kea-Tiong Tang, Yongfu Li, Amara Amara, Manuel Delgado-Restituto","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3376301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3376301","url":null,"abstract":"The Circuits and Systems Society (CASS) places a strong emphasis on advancing education within its domain. Various educational programs and resources have contributed to the professional development of CASS members for more than 20 years now. A major transformation within the Society was started in 2021 with a clear vision to become a premier educational resource within circuits and systems areas of interest. This article provides a comprehensive review of flagship educational programs and past initiatives. Insights from the lessons learned and future trends in the education ecosystem guided society’s strategies and frameworks for improving and developing new educational products and services. The benefits of learning with the CASS program are presented, highlighting the Society’s deep commitment to serving the community at large in educational pursuit for years to come.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3376492
Rassul Bairamkulov, Giovanni De Micheli
The challenges of conventional semiconducting electronics, such as dark silicon, memory wall, and stagnant clock frequency motivate the search for alternative computing technologies. Superconductive electronics (SCE) represents one of the most advanced beyond-CMOS technologies, with the potential of revolutionizing high-performance computing. In this review, the advancements of SCE over the past 25 years are presented. Novel logic families, circuit design techniques, and electronic design automation tools for SCE circuits are described. Eventually, future advancements in SCE are discussed from circuit and system design perspective.
{"title":"Superconductive Electronics: A 25-Year Review [Feature]","authors":"Rassul Bairamkulov, Giovanni De Micheli","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3376492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3376492","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges of conventional semiconducting electronics, such as dark silicon, memory wall, and stagnant clock frequency motivate the search for alternative computing technologies. Superconductive electronics (SCE) represents one of the most advanced beyond-CMOS technologies, with the potential of revolutionizing high-performance computing. In this review, the advancements of SCE over the past 25 years are presented. Novel logic families, circuit design techniques, and electronic design automation tools for SCE circuits are described. Eventually, future advancements in SCE are discussed from circuit and system design perspective.","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141064222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1109/mcas.2024.3392991
{"title":"TechRxiv: Share Your Preprint Research with the World!","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcas.2024.3392991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2024.3392991","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55038,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141058917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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