Hereditas最新文献

英文中文

[Structure and function of insulin-like growth factor acid-labile subunits in mammalian homologues]. [哺乳动物同源物中胰岛素样生长因子酸不稳定亚基的结构和功能]。

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.16288/J.YCZZ.15-192

L. Guilin, N. Lili, L. Haifeng, G. Jia-zhong

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) act as a critical signaling pathway in animals and play significant roles in body growth, development, and occurrence and progression of animal diseases. In the past, structural and functional studies of ligands, receptors and even specific binding proteins in the IGFs system have been extensively investigated. However, the functional study of insulin-like growth factor acid-labile subunit (IGFALS) mainly focused on the prolonging half-life of IGFs. Increasing number of studies indicated that mutations in the IGFALS DNA sequence and low expression level of IGFALS proteins can lead to growth and development retardation in animals. In this review, we summarize recent structural and functional studies of IGFALS in mammals, aiming to further identify detailed genetic mechanism of IGFALS.

胰岛素样生长因子(Insulin-like growth factors, IGFs)是动物体内重要的信号通路，在机体生长发育和动物疾病的发生进展中发挥重要作用。在过去，对IGFs系统中配体、受体甚至特异性结合蛋白的结构和功能研究已经得到了广泛的研究。然而，胰岛素样生长因子酸不稳定亚基(IGFALS)的功能研究主要集中在延长IGFs的半衰期。越来越多的研究表明，IGFALS DNA序列的突变和IGFALS蛋白的低表达水平可导致动物生长发育迟缓。本文综述了近年来哺乳动物中IGFALS的结构和功能研究，旨在进一步明确IGFALS的详细遗传机制。

引用次数: 3

MicroRNA regulates animal adipocyte differentiation MicroRNA调节动物脂肪细胞分化

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.16288/J.YCZZ.15-233

Z. Jinwei, Luo Yi, W. Yuhao, H. Liujun, L. Mingzhou, Wang Xun

Adipose tissues play a critical role in the regulation of energy metabolism and homeostasis, and is also an important endocrine organ. Adipocyte differentiation is a complicated physiological process during which mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into adipocytes. This process is synergistically regulated by a large number of transcription factors, hormones and signaling pathway molecules. As a class of endogenous non-coding RNA (ncRNA), microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression mainly through post-transcriptional translational repression. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated that miRNA could have an impact on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis by modulating the expression levels of several adipogenic transcription factors and key signaling molecules. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of miRNA in regulating the differentiation of white/brown/beige adipocytes and the relevant signaling pathways and key factors, in the hope of providing theoretical guidance and new thoughts for treating obesity and other metabolic diseases.

脂肪组织在调节能量代谢和体内平衡中起着至关重要的作用，也是重要的内分泌器官。脂肪细胞分化是间充质干细胞向脂肪细胞分化的复杂生理过程。这一过程受到大量转录因子、激素和信号通路分子的协同调节。microRNAs (miRNAs)是一类内源性非编码RNA (ncRNA)，主要通过转录后翻译抑制来调控基因表达。近年来大量研究表明，miRNA可能通过调节几种成脂转录因子和关键信号分子的表达水平，对脂肪细胞分化和脂肪形成产生影响。本文就miRNA调控白色/棕色/米色脂肪细胞分化的机制及相关信号通路和关键因素进行综述，以期为肥胖等代谢性疾病的治疗提供理论指导和新思路。

引用次数: 1

Description of a new genus and three new species of Otothyrinae (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). 描述 Otothyrinae 的一个新属和三个新种（丝形目，Loricariidae）。

IF 1.3 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-11-11 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.534.6169

Fábio F Roxo, Gabriel S C Silva, Luz E Ochoa, Claudio Oliveira

The genus Hisonotus was resurrected as a member of the tribe Otothyrini (actually subfamily Otothyrinae). However, phylogenetic studies based on morphological and molecular data showed that Hisonotus is not monophyletic and independent lineages can be identified, such as the group composed of the species Hisonotus insperatus, Hisonotus luteofrenatus, Hisonotus oliveirai, Hisonotus paresi and Hisonotus piracanjuba, a lineage unrelated to that containing the type species of the genus Hisonotus (Hisonotus notatus). Herein, based in molecular and morphological data, a new genus is described to accommodate the lineage mentioned above, into which are also added three new species. This new genus can be distinguished from other genera of Otothyrinae by the following combination of characters: (1) a pair of rostral plates at the tip of the snout; (2) two large pre-nasal plates just posterior to the rostral plates; (3) a supra-opercular plate that receives the laterosensory canal from the compound pterotic before the preopercle; (4) a well developed membrane at anal opening in females; and (5) a V-shaped spinelet. A key to species of Curculionichthys is provided.

Hisonotus属作为Otothyrini科（实际上是Otothyrinae亚科）的一个成员而复活。然而，基于形态学和分子数据的系统发育研究表明，Hisonotus 并非单系，可以识别出独立的品系，例如由 Hisonotus insperatus、Hisonotus luteofrenatus、Hisonotus oliveirai、Hisonotus paresi 和 Hisonotus piracanjuba 等物种组成的群，该品系与包含 Hisonotus 属模式种（Hisonotus notatus）的品系无关。在此，根据分子和形态学数据，描述了一个新属，以容纳上述世系，其中还增加了三个新种。该新属可通过以下特征组合与 Otothyrinae 的其他属区分开来：(1) 一对喙板位于吻端部；(2) 两块大的前鼻板位于喙板的正后方；(3) 在前喙板之前有一块上喙板，接收来自复合翼管的侧感管；(4) 雌性肛门口有一层发达的膜；(5) V 形的棘刺。本报告提供了 Curculionichthys 的物种检索表。

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引用次数: 0

[sgRNA design for the CRISPR/Cas9 system and evaluation of its off-target effects]. [用于 CRISPR/Cas9 系统的 sgRNA 设计及其脱靶效应评估]。

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.15-093

Sheng-song Xie, Yi Zhang, Li-sheng Zhang, Guang-lei Li, Chang-zhi Zhao, Pan Ni, Shu-hong Zhao

The third generation of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology has been successfully applied to genome modification of various species including animals, plants and microorganisms. How to improve the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and reduce its off-target effects has been extensively explored in this field. Using sgRNA (Small guide RNA) with high efficiency and specificity is one of the critical factors for successful genome editing. Several software have been developed for sgRNA design and/or off-target evaluation, which have advantages and disadvantages respectively. In this review, we summarize characters of 16 kinds online and standalone software for sgRNA design and/or off-target evaluation and conduct a comparative analysis of these different kinds of software through developing 38 evaluation indexes. We also summarize 11 experimental approaches for testing genome editing efficiency and off-target effects as well as how to screen highly efficient and specific sgRNA.

第三代 CRISPR/Cas9 介导的基因组编辑技术已成功应用于动物、植物和微生物等多种物种的基因组改造。如何提高CRISPR/Cas9基因组编辑的效率并减少其脱靶效应，这一领域进行了广泛的探索。使用具有高效率和特异性的 sgRNA（小引导 RNA）是成功进行基因组编辑的关键因素之一。目前已开发出多种用于 sgRNA 设计和/或脱靶评估的软件，这些软件各有利弊。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 16 种在线和独立的 sgRNA 设计和/或脱靶评估软件的特点，并通过制定 38 个评估指标对这些不同类型的软件进行了比较分析。我们还总结了 11 种测试基因组编辑效率和脱靶效应的实验方法，以及如何筛选高效和特异的 sgRNA。

引用次数: 6

[The role of long non-coding RNAs in hematologic malignancies]. [长链非编码rna在血液恶性肿瘤中的作用]。

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/J.YCZZ.15-261

H. Wanli, G. Ai

With the rapid development of molecular biology technology, researchers have got much deeper understanding of the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). It is not only indispensable for biological processes, but also plays an important role in human diseases especially in tumor. Previous studies have shown that a variety of lncRNAs are closely associated with hematologic malignancies. These lncRNAs are involved in diseases through diverse functions including affecting the expression of tumor suppressor gene p15, regulating p53 protein function, and interacting with miRNAs. In this review, we summarize the hematological tumor-associated lncRNAs and focus on p15, p53 and miRNA-related lncRNAs as well as the role of their interaction in hematological malignancies, which may provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of hematological tumor-associated lncRNAs and some insights for research, diagnosis and treatment of hematologic malignancies.

随着分子生物学技术的飞速发展，研究人员对长链非编码RNA (lncRNA)的作用有了更深入的认识。它不仅在生物过程中不可或缺，而且在人类疾病特别是肿瘤中也起着重要作用。以往的研究表明，多种lncrna与血液恶性肿瘤密切相关。这些lncRNAs通过影响肿瘤抑制基因p15的表达、调节p53蛋白功能、与mirna相互作用等多种功能参与疾病。本文综述了血液学肿瘤相关lncrna，重点介绍了p15、p53和mirna相关lncrna及其相互作用在血液学恶性肿瘤中的作用，以期对血液学肿瘤相关lncrna的作用有一个全面的认识，为血液学恶性肿瘤的研究、诊断和治疗提供一些见解。

引用次数: 1

[Genetic basis of immune response of lymphocyte-like cells in the mucosal immune system of Lampetra japonica]. [日本七鳃鳗粘膜免疫系统淋巴细胞样细胞免疫应答的遗传基础]。

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.15-108

Xin Liu, Xueying Song, Xiaoping Zhang, Ying-lun Han, Ting Zhu, R. Xiao, Qing-wei Li

In recent years, the antigen recognition mechanism based on variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) was found in agnathan lamprey. To illuminate the genetic basis of immune response of lymphocyte-like cells in the mucosal immune system of lamprey and explore the evolutionary relationship of adaptive immune responses between the jawless and jawed vertebrates, we constructed cDNA libraries of lamprey (Lampetra japonica) gills before and after stimulation, and then performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing and analysis. Through functional annotation of 88 525 assembled unigenes, 21 704 and 9769 unigenes were annotated in Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, respectively. Among 999 unigenes involved in multiple pathways of immune system, 184 unigenes were highly homologous to 51 TCR (T cell receptor) and BCR (B cell receptor) signalling molecules in higher vertebrates, indicating that molecules involved in adaptive immune signalling pathways in higher vertebrates also exist in lampreys. In addition, identification of five VLRA, seven VLRB and four VLRC molecules suggest that at least three types of lymphocyte subsets are distributed in lamprey gill mucosal immune tissues. The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression levels of Lck, Fyn and Zap70 were up-regulated after immune stimulation while those of Syk, Btk and Blnk were not changed significantly, indicating the activation of TCR-like signal transduction pathway after antigen stimulation in lamprey gill tissues. Our studies preliminaryly proved that two parallel adaptive immune systems in jawless and jawed vertebrates have common genetic basis, and also provided valuable clues to the exploration of signalling processes of VLRA⁺, VLRB⁺, and VLRC⁺ lymphocyte-like cells in response to antigens.

近年来在七鳃鳗中发现了基于可变淋巴细胞受体(VLRs)的抗原识别机制。为了阐明七鳃鳗粘膜免疫系统中淋巴细胞样细胞免疫应答的遗传基础，探索无颌和有颌脊椎动物之间适应性免疫应答的进化关系，我们构建了刺激前后七鳃鳗(Lampetra japonica)鳃的cDNA文库，并进行了高通量转录组测序和分析。通过对88 525个组装的unigenes进行功能标注，分别在Gene Ontology (GO)和Kyto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)数据库中标注了21 704个和9769个unigenes。在参与免疫系统多通路的999个unique igenes中，184个unique igenes与51个高等脊椎动物的TCR (T细胞受体)和BCR (B细胞受体)信号分子高度同源，说明参与高等脊椎动物适应性免疫信号通路的分子在七鳃鳗中也存在。此外，5个VLRA、7个VLRB和4个VLRC分子的鉴定表明，在七鳃鳗鳃黏膜免疫组织中至少分布着3种类型的淋巴细胞亚群。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示，免疫刺激后Lck、Fyn和Zap70的表达水平上调，而Syk、Btk和Blnk的表达水平变化不明显，表明抗原刺激后七鳃鱼鳃组织中tcr样信号转导通路被激活。我们的研究初步证明了无颌和有颌脊椎动物两种平行的适应性免疫系统具有共同的遗传基础，也为探索VLRA +、VLRB +、VLRC +淋巴细胞样细胞对抗原反应的信号传导过程提供了有价值的线索。

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引用次数: 2

Resurrection of Hereditas, a journal with almost 100 years of tradition 《赫里达斯的复活》一本有近百年历史的杂志

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-10-22 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-015-0003-8

S. Baumgartner

引用次数: 1

The Trp719Arg polymorphism of the KIF6 gene and coronary heart disease risk: systematic review and meta-analysis. KIF6基因Trp719Arg多态性与冠心病风险：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-10-22 eCollection Date: 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-015-0004-7

David Ruiz-Ramos, Yazmín Hernández-Díaz, Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate, Isela Juárez-Rojop, María Lilia López-Narváez, Thelma Beatriz González-Castro, Manuel Eduardo Torres-Hernández, Manuel Alfonso Baños-González

Background: Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Kinesin-like protein 6 (KIF6) is a new candidate gene for CHD, since it has been identified as a potential risk factor. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of previously published association studies between the Trp719Arg polymorphism of KIF6 and the development of CHD.

Methods: Studies and abstracts investigating the relationship between the Trp719Arg polymorphism of KIF6 and subsequent risk for development of CHD were reviewed. Electronic search from Pubmed and EBSCO databases was performed between 1993 and 2014 to identify studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. To analyze the association we used the models: allelic, additive, dominant and recessive. Moreover, we conducted a sub-analysis by populations using the same four models.

Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The Trp719Arg polymorphism showed a significant association with CHD when the analysis comprised the population with myocardial infarction (MI) and the additive genetic model was used. Moreover, this polymorphism showed a protective association with CHD when the analysis comprised the whole population using the recessive genetic model.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the Trp719Arg polymorphism of the KIF6 gene is an important risk factor for developing MI and that allele 719Arg may have a protective association to present CHD in all populations.

Prospero registration: CRD42015024602.

背景：遗传因素在冠心病的发病机制中起重要作用。运动蛋白样蛋白6 （KIF6）是一个新的候选基因，因为它已被确定为冠心病的潜在危险因素。本研究的目的是对先前发表的KIF6 Trp719Arg多态性与冠心病发展之间的关联研究进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。方法：回顾研究KIF6基因Trp719Arg多态性与冠心病发病风险关系的研究和摘要。在1993年至2014年间从Pubmed和EBSCO数据库中进行电子检索，以确定符合纳入标准的研究。采用等位基因、加性基因、显性基因和隐性基因模型进行分析。此外，我们使用相同的四种模型进行了种群的亚分析。结果：23项研究被纳入meta分析。当分析包括心肌梗死（MI）人群并使用加性遗传模型时，Trp719Arg多态性显示与冠心病有显著关联。此外，当使用隐性遗传模型对整个人群进行分析时，这种多态性显示出与冠心病的保护性关联。结论：我们的研究结果表明，KIF6基因的Trp719Arg多态性是发生心肌梗死的重要危险因素，等位基因719Arg可能与所有人群中出现的冠心病有保护作用。普洛斯彼罗注册号：CRD42015024602。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of genetic diversity of Tunisian caprifig (Ficus carica L.) accessions using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers 利用SSR标记分析突尼斯无花果(Ficus carica L.)遗传多样性

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-10-22 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-015-0002-9

Awatef Essid, F. Aljane, A. Ferchichi, J. Hormaza

引用次数: 29

Cloning and functional analysis of the cotton Trihelix transcription factor GhGT29 棉花三螺旋转录因子GhGT29的克隆及功能分析

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Hereditas

Pub Date : 2015-09-28 DOI: 10.16288/J.YCZZ.15-320

L. Yue, L. Xiaodong, D. Yongmei, X. Zongming, Shou-yi Chen

Trihelix transcription factors are important proteins involved in response to abiotic stresses in plants. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of Trihelix in cottons will lay the foundation to improve stress tolerance by gene engineering. In this study, a gene encoding Trihelix transcription factor was isolated in upland cottons using reverse transcription PCR according to bioinformatic analysis. The gene was named as GhGT29 (GenBank accession No. JQ013097), which was 1 092 bp, contained a 1 089 bp open reading frame and encoded a protein of 363 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 40.9 kDa and a isoelectric point of 5.45. SMART analysis showed GhGT29 contained one typical SANT motif. Phylogenetic analysis showed that GhGT29 belonged to the SH4 subfamily of the Trihelix family and was most closely related to AtSH4-like1 and AtSH4-like2. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that GhGT29 was induced by high salt, drought, cold and abscisic acid. The expression profile also revealed that GhGT29 was constitutively expressed in all tested tissues, such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, ovules (0 DPA) and fibers (12 DPA). The expression level of GhGT29 was the highest in flowers and the lowest in stems. Using the Arabidopsis protoplasts assay system, we found that the GhGT29 protein was located in cell nuclei and had trans-activation activity. These results revealed that GhGT29 might be involved in the regulation of stress resistance-related genes in stress signaling pathways in upland cottons.

三螺旋转录因子是植物响应非生物胁迫的重要蛋白质。了解棉花三螺旋结构的分子机制将为通过基因工程提高棉花的抗逆性奠定基础。本研究通过生物信息学分析，利用反转录PCR技术从陆地棉中分离到一个编码三螺旋转录因子的基因。该基因被命名为GhGT29 (GenBank登录号:GhGT29)。JQ013097)全长1 092 bp，包含1 089 bp的开放阅读框，编码363个氨基酸，预测分子量为40.9 kDa，等电点为5.45。SMART分析显示GhGT29含有一个典型的SANT基序。系统发育分析表明，GhGT29属于Trihelix家族的SH4亚家族，与AtSH4-like1和AtSH4-like2亲缘关系最为密切。实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)分析显示，GhGT29受高盐、干旱、寒冷和脱落酸诱导。表达谱还显示GhGT29在根、茎、叶、花、胚珠(0 DPA)和纤维(12 DPA)等所有组织中均有组成性表达。GhGT29在花中的表达量最高，茎中的表达量最低。利用拟南芥原生质体分析系统，我们发现GhGT29蛋白位于细胞核中，具有反式活化活性。这些结果表明，GhGT29可能参与了旱棉胁迫信号通路中抗逆性相关基因的调控。

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