Handchirurgie Mikrochirurgie Plastische Chirurgie最新文献

Background: Apart from surgical procedures for breast and buttock augmentation, copolyamide fillers can be locally injected for an increase in volume. This method is especially popular in Asia.

Patient: A 39-year-old female patient had received a buttock augmentation by injection of a copolyamide filler. She presented with multiple abscesses six years after the augmentation. She had developed multiple fistulas and the filler had migrated down to the thigh muscles.

Results: In the presented case, the patient experienced multiple complications such as abscess formation, filler migration and chronic infection, with a significant time delay. Complete removal of the filler is only possible by removing surrounding tissue as well. Surgical treatment with repeated debridements and administration of an intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotic are the current standard of care. In contrast, the SWOP technique presented here appears to be less invasive and less likely for local recurrence.

Conclusion: A breast or buttock augmentation with copolyamide fillers is associated with a high risk of abscess and fistula formation leading to a permanent disfigurement of the patient.

Rhizarthrosis is one of the most common arthritic changes in the hand, which has led to the development of a large number of surgical methods in recent years. In addition to the traditional resection arthroplasty with tendon suspension or interposition, if needed, thumb saddle joint prostheses are being used more and more frequently. However, these are not an option for all patients such as those with severe osteoporosis, severe nickel allergy, insufficient height of the trapezium or STT osteoarthritis. This study examined whether the traditional surgical methods continue to have their "right to exist" or whether they will be replaced by prostheses. In a retrospective study with prospective data collection, 48 hands of 45 patients diagnosed with rhizarthrosis in stages II and III according to Eaton and Littler were clinically examined 2.5 years after resection arthroplasty/resection-suspension-interposition arthroplasty using flexor carpi radialis (FCR) or abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon strips in the years 2015-2018. The postoperative outcome was assessed using mobility, grip strength, two-point discrimination, postoperative satisfaction with regard to pain and resilience, as well as the DASH and MHQ questionnaires. There were no significant differences in surgery duration, inability to work, time to full weight-bearing, pain, satisfaction, grip strength and mobility. Regardless of the surgical method used, patients achieved an almost free range of motion in the thumb and wrist as well as age-appropriate hand strength. Pain at rest was rare; 48% were pain-free during exercise. The DASH questionnaire scored 20.2, 13.9 and 22.1 points and the MHQ scored 76.3, 79.3 and 79.4 points. Hence, the traditional surgical techniques showed good postoperative results with high patient satisfaction. "Newer procedures" such as endoprosthesis offer promising results in terms of faster regeneration times. However, this is offset by a longer surgery time and higher material costs, which means that resection arthroplasty represents a long-established procedure with a low potential for complications and a lower revision rate and should continue to be used, especially if there are relative contraindications to an endoprosthesis.

Intraneural lipomas and lipofibromas (also called lipofibromatous hamartomas) are rare, benign tumours occurring in peripheral nerves in the forearm and wrist. They usually present as asymptomatic masses, but if they are large enough, they may cause symptoms of compression neuropathy. Intraneural lipomas and lipofibromas differ with regard to anatomy and clinical behaviour: the former tumour has a well-defined capsule and most commonly occurs within the median nerve in the forearm and wrist. It is diagnosed in the fourth and fifth decades of life and seen more frequently in women. The latter (lipofibroma) has no capsule, is infiltrative in nature, is composed of fatty and fibrous tissue and also most commonly seen in the median nerve. It occurs in a younger age group with no sexual predominance. Due to these differences, these lesions are managed differently 1 2.

Background: The increasing use of thumb carpometacarpal joint prostheses for advanced CMC 1 (carpometacarpal) joint arthritis reflects the success of the latest prosthesis generations, which has been achieved through their improved functional outcomes and lower complication rates. Precise alignment of the prosthesis cup parallel to the proximal joint surface of the trapezium is essential for stability and the prevention of dislocation. This is a challenging surgical step, particularly for surgeons new to this technique. Despite adequate positioning of the guidewire, misplacements of the cup may occur, necessitating intraoperative revision.

Material and methods: This study examined the deviations in cup and guidewire positioning in thumb carpometacarpal joint prosthesis implantations by inexperienced and experienced surgeons through radiological analysis of 65 prostheses.

Results: Both inexperienced and experienced surgeons achieved precise guidewire positioning with mean deviations of<2.2°. Inexperienced surgeons showed significantly larger cup deviations in the dorsopalmar and lateral view (7.6±6.1° and 7.3±5.9°) compared with experienced surgeons (3.6±2.7° and 3.6±2.5°; p=0.012, p=0.017). The deviation of the cup position exhibited by inexperienced surgeons tends to be in the direction opposite to the initial guidewire position (p<0.0038).

Conclusion: The results highlight the current challenges in cup positioning depending on a surgeon's level of experience, questioning the reliability of the current guidewire placement.

The introduction of the new generation of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC I) joint implants for the treatment of CMC I osteoarthritis has significantly broadened the scope of hand surgery in recent years. However, the technical demands of the procedure and the many details that need to be considered require appropriate training and a learning curve. To share experiences with the Touch CMC I prosthesis, we held the first German-speaking CMC I joint prosthetics user meeting in Zurich. After some basic introductory lectures on biomechanics and the principles of prosthetic fitting of the CMC I joint, the various challenges associated with CMC I joint prosthetics were discussed in interactive expert panels. Subsequently, cases were discussed in small groups under expert guidance and the respective conclusions were discussed in plenary. The main results of this symposium are summarised in this manuscript.

Robotic microsurgery is an emerging field in reconstructive surgery, which provides benefits such as improved precision, optimal ergonomics, and reduced tremors. However, only a few robotic platforms are available for performing microsurgical procedures, and successful nerve coaptation is still a challenge. Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is an innovative reconstructive procedure that rewires multiple nerves to remnant stump muscles, thereby reducing neuroma and phantom limb pain and improving the control of bionic prostheses. The precision of surgical techniques is critical in reducing axonal sprouting around the coaptation site to minimise the potential for neuroma formation. This study reports the first use of a microsurgical robotic platform for multiple nerve transfers in a patient undergoing TMR for bionic extremity reconstruction. The Symani robotic platform, combined with external microscope magnification, was successfully used, and precise handling of nerve tissue and coaptation was easily feasible even in anatomically challenging environments. While the precision and stability offered by robotic assistance may be especially useful for nerve surgery, the high economic costs of robotic microsurgery remain a major challenge for current healthcare systems. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the feasibility of using a robotic microsurgical platform for nerve surgery and transfers, where precise handling of tissue is crucial and limited space is available. Future studies will explore the full potential of robotic microsurgery in the future.

Background: Wrist arthroscopy is a standard procedure in hand surgery for the diagnosis and treatment of wrist conditions. While perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) is not generally recommended for elective hand surgery, there is no official standard for elective wrist arthroscopy. This study aimed to determine the actual clinical use of PAP in elective wrist arthroscopy in Germany and relate it to the structural conditions of clinics performing this procedure.

Material and methods: We conducted a systematic search of all facilities in Germany offering wrist arthroscopy. Among these, we performed an online survey using the SoSci Survey online tool via email.

Results: PAP is more frequently administered in cases involving simultaneous bone procedures. Cephalosporins are the most commonly used antibiotics in cases of PAP administration. Hospitals administer PAP more frequently than outpatient settings, with most surveyed institutions following facility-specific internal standards for antibiotic administration. The number of arthroscopies performed in the surveyed centres does not influence antibiotic administration.

Conclusions: The use of PAP in wrist arthroscopies in Germany is inconsistent. The increased use in arthroscopies with bone involvement corresponds to AWMF guidelines, but a general recommendation for wrist arthroscopies, including soft tissue arthroscopies, is necessary to provide physicians with medical and legal certainty.

Base-of-thumb osteoarthritis is the most frequent osteoarthritis of the hand requiring surgical treatment, although conservative treatment options should be exhausted before surgery. If the wear process progresses with continuing pain-related loss of thumb function, thus leading to a loss of function of the whole hand, surgical treatment is indicated. In 1947, Gervis published results after trapeziectomy and heralded the development of a multitude of different surgical procedures. The long time needed for rehabilitation is a major problem of trapeziectomy with or without tendon interposition and/or suspension. After the implementation of the first CMC I prosthesis by De la Caffiniere 50 years ago, a rapid development took place, leading to the current modular bipolar implants. Especially in the German-speaking world, there is still some scepticism regarding these prostheses, which is why this review aims to illuminate both surgical procedures with a special focus placed on the aspects of indication.

Background: Salter-Harris I and II fractures of the distal radius are common injuries. In our facility, immobilisation is performed in a way that counteracts angulation forces. The aim of our study was to determine whether there are significant differences between patients with and patients without a loss of reduction treated with this method and to determine what degree of flexion reliably prevents secondary displacement.

Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 112 patients (mean age: 12 years) who had sustained a Salter-Harris type I or II fracture of the distal radius and were treated with reduction. Patients were grouped according to fracture type and whether they sustained a loss of reduction or not. Patients were compared for gender, age, initial angulation, angulation after reduction, degree of flexion/extension of the wrist in the cast, residual angulation, duration of immobilisation, and complication rate. We also analysed whether a 45-degree flexed position of the wrist in plaster provides reliable protection against secondary displacement.

Results: In group I, patients with no loss of reduction had a significantly greater degree of wrist flexion in the cast, a significantly shorter duration of immobilisation and significantly less residual angulation. Patients with an apex-volar deformity with the wrist immobilised at more than 45 degrees of flexion had no loss of reduction at all and had significantly less residual angulation compared with patients with the wrist immobilised at less than 45 degrees of flexion. In this patient group, loss of reduction was noted in 28% of cases. The patients in group II with loss of reduction showed a significantly higher angulation after the reduction. During the follow-up examination, one patient experienced physeal arrest followed by an ulnar impaction syndrome. Other complications recorded were minor.

Conclusions: In summary, based on our results, we recommend that all physeal fractures of the distal radius with an apex-volar angulation can be safely treated with reduction and immobilisation counteracting the forces of angulation. For apex-dorsal fractures, palmar flexion of 45° allows for reliable reduction.