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The Tectonics of the Continental Barents Sea Shelf (Russia): The Formation Stages of the Basement and Sedimentary Cover 巴伦支海大陆架构造(俄罗斯):基底和沉积覆盖层的形成阶段
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123060043
O. V. Grushevskaya, A. V. Soloviev, E. A. Vasilyeva, E. P. Petrushina, I. V. Aksenov, A. R. Yusupova, S. V. Shimanskiy, I. N. Peshkova

Abstract

Based on the results of field complex geophysical studies in the northwestern part of the Russian sector of the Barents Sea shelf, as well as on the processing and comprehensive interpretation of new and retrospective geophysical materials in the volume of 25 500 linear kilometers and deep well drilling data in the section of the Barents Sea sedimentary cover, regional tectonostratigraphic units were identified between reflecting horizons (RH): (i) a Paleozoic complex (between RH VI(PR?) and RH I2(P‒T)); (ii) a Triassic complex (between RH I2(P‒T) and RH B(T‒J)); (iii) a Jurassic complex (between RH B(T‒J) and RH C′(J3‒K1)); and (iv) a Cretaceous‒Cenozoic complex (between RH V′(J3‒K1) and the Barents Sea floor). According to the structural analysis results, three structural floors were established: the lower structural level, which includes Riphean terrigenous-effusive deposits and Lower Paleozoic‒Lower Permian terrigenous-carbonate deposits; the middle structural level is formed mainly by Upper Devonian‒Lower Permian carbonate deposits; the upper structural level combines Lower and Upper Permian terrigenous deposits and Mesozoic–Cenozoic deposits. This article presents a new tectonic model of the Barents Sea region, including elements of all structural levels with sublevels. In accordance with the tectonic zoning, paleostructural and paleotectonic analyses, the article outlines the main stages of the Barents Sea shelf development: stage of the Late Proterozoic compression and Early–Middle Paleozoic continental rifting (I), a Late Paleozoic stabilization stage (II), an Early Mesozoic tectonogenesis stage (III), a Middle Mesozoic thermal subsidence stage (IV), a Late Jurassic stabilization stage (V), a Cretaceous subsidence stage (VI), and the final stage as a Cenozoic uplift of a large part of the Barents Sea shelf (VII). In the northwestern part of the Russian sector of the Barents Sea shelf, synchronous subsidence of the sedimentary cover basement took place, associated with spreading and formation of the Arctic Ocean.

摘要 根据在巴伦支海大陆架俄罗斯区西北部进行的野外综合地球物理研究的结果,以及对巴伦支海沉积覆盖区段 25 500 延公里的新的和回顾性地球物理资料和深井钻探数据的处理和综合解释,在反射地层(RH)之间确定了区域构造地层单元:(i) 古生代复合体(RH VI(PR?和 RH I2(P-T)之间);(ii) 三叠纪复合层(RH I2(P-T)和 RH B(T-J)之间);(iii) 侏罗纪复合层(RH B(T-J)和 RH C′(J3-K1)之间);(iv) 白垩纪-新生代复合层(RH V′(J3-K1)和巴伦支海海底之间)。根据构造分析结果,确定了三个构造层:下部构造层,包括里皮安世陆相-喷出沉积和下古生界-下二叠统陆相-碳酸盐沉积;中部构造层主要由上泥盆世-下二叠统碳酸盐沉积形成;上部构造层由下二叠统、上二叠统陆相沉积和中生代-新生代沉积组合而成。本文提出了一个新的巴伦支海地区构造模型,包括所有构造层级的要素和子层。根据构造分区、古构造和古构造分析,文章概述了巴伦支海大陆架发展的主要阶段:晚新生代压缩和早-中古生代大陆裂陷阶段(I)、晚古生代稳定阶段(II)、早中生代构造形成阶段(III)、中中生代热沉降阶段(IV)、晚侏罗世稳定阶段(V)、白垩纪沉降阶段(VI),以及巴伦支海大陆架大部分地区新生代隆起的最后阶段(VII)。在巴伦支海大陆架的俄罗斯西北部,沉积覆盖基底同步下沉,与北冰洋的扩张和形成有关。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Mid-Oceanic Ridges on the Seismicity of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago 大洋中脊对新谢姆利亚群岛地震的影响
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123060031
G. N. Antonovskaya, Ya. V. Konechnaya, I. M. Basakina

Abstract

The influence of the mid-oceanic ridges (MORs), including the Gakkel Ridge and the Knipovich Ridge–Lena Trough system on the seismicity of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago area for 1980‒2022 is considered. For each geological element under consideration, seismic catalogs with a single unified magnitude mbISC for an equivalent comparison of information were compiled, the annual seismic energy was calculated, and plots of its distribution by year were constructed. Analytical modeling based on the Elsasser model describing the process of local stress transfer in a rigid elastic lithosphere underlain by a viscous asthenosphere was performed, and quantitative calculations of the disturbance propagations from MORs were made. The time intervals through which disturbances from MORs reach the Novaya Zemlya archipelago are 1‒2 years for the Knipovich Ridge–Lena Trough system and 3‒5 years for the Gakkel Ridge. The maximum joint contribution to the level of seismic activity of various geological and tectonic structures of the MORs can reach 40‒60% of the applied disturbance, which is a sufficient condition for the influence on seismicity of the Novaya Zemlya orogen. The most geodynamically active structures and zones of tectonic stress concentration were identified.

摘要 考虑了大洋中脊(MORs),包括加克尔海脊和克尼波维奇海脊-勒纳海槽系统对新 泽姆利亚群岛地区 1980-2022 年地震活动的影响。针对所考虑的每个地质要素,编制了具有单一统一震级 mbISC 的地震目录以进行等效信息比较,计算了年地震能量,并绘制了各年地震能量分布图。根据埃尔萨塞模型(Elsasser Model)对粘性岩流圈下刚性弹性岩石圈的局部应力传递过程进行了分析建模,并对 MORs 的扰动传播进行了定量计算。在克尼波维奇海脊-勒拿河槽系统和加克尔海脊系统中,莫尔斯扰动到达新泽姆利亚群岛的时间间隔分别为 1-2 年和 3-5 年。MORs的各种地质和构造结构对地震活动水平的最大共同贡献可达到所受扰动的40-60%,这是对新亚泽姆利亚造山带地震活动产生影响的充分条件。确定了地球动力学最活跃的构造和构造应力集中区。
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引用次数: 0
Coseismic and Tectonic Time-Scale Deformations of an Island Arc Based on the Studies of the East Coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula (Far East, Russia) 基于对堪察加半岛东海岸(俄罗斯远东)的研究的岛弧的地震和构造时间尺度变形
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123060067
T. K. Pinegina, A. I. Kozhurin

Abstract

The geologic structure of the late Holocene accumulative marine terrace on the Kamchatka Bay coast (Kamchatka Peninsula) has been studied. The obtained age and relative hypsometric position of beach ridges composing the terrace have made it possible to identify two types of vertical coast movements: periodic fast (coseismic) movements and slow time-scale uplift or subsidence. High-amplitude vertical coseismic movements (up to 1‒2 m) occur once every ~1200‒1300 years, on average, while slow movements occur at an average rate of from a fraction of a millimeter to ~2 mm/yr. Coseismic movements as relaxation of elastic deformations accumulated during the interseismic interval of the seismic cycle neither exceed them nor accumulate. Slow movements set the general trend of vertical coast deformations. It is assumed that subsiding central parts of the eastern bays of the Kamchatka Peninsula (Avachinsky, Kronotsky, and Kamchatsky) and depressions between the eastern peninsulas (Kronotsky and Shipunsky) and the main Kamchatka massif form an arc-parallel extension zone located in the closest proximity to the deep-water trench and that the extension is caused by a migration of the subducted part of the Pacific Plate toward the Pacific Ocean. Under the eastern Shipunsky and Kronotsky peninsulas, the arc-normal extension of the earth’s crust of the Kamchatka segment of the Kuril–Kamchatka island arc is replaced by a transverse compression zone.

摘要 对堪察加湾海岸(堪察加半岛)全新世晚期堆积海洋阶地的地质结构进行了研究。根据所获得的构成阶地的滩脊的年龄和相对湿度位置,可以确定两种类型的海岸垂直运动:周期性快速(共震)运动和慢速时间尺度的隆起或下沉。高振幅的垂直同震运动(最多 1-2 米)平均每约 1200-1300 年发生一次,而缓慢运动的平均速度从几毫米到约 2 毫米/年不等。同震运动是地震周期间歇期积累的弹性变形的松弛,既不会超过地震周期间歇期,也不会积累。缓慢运动决定了海岸垂直变形的总体趋势。据推测,堪察加半岛东部海湾(阿瓦钦斯基、克罗诺茨基和堪察加)中部的下沉以及东部半岛(克罗诺茨基和希普恩斯基)与堪察加主地块之间的洼地形成了一个弧形平行延伸带,该延伸带位于最靠近深水海沟的位置,延伸的原因是太平洋板块俯冲部分向太平洋迁移。在希普恩斯基半岛和克罗诺茨基半岛东部下方,千岛-堪察加岛弧的堪察加段地壳的弧形正常延伸被横向压缩带所取代。
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引用次数: 0
Khangai Intramantle Plume (Mongolia): 3D Model, Influence on Cenozoic Tectonics, and Comparative Analysis Khangai 内幔羽流(蒙古):三维模型、对新生代构造的影响以及对比分析
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123060079
V. G. Trifonov, S. Yu. Sokolov, S. A. Sokolov, S. V. Maznev, K. I. Yushin, S. Demberel

Abstract

The Khangai plume is situated under Central and Eastern Mongolia and is a mantle volume with significantly reduced longitudinal (P) wave velocities. The plume has been identified as a result of the analysis of the MITP08 volumetric model of P-wave velocity variations, representing the deviations of P-wave velocities from the average values (δVp), given as a percentage. The lithospheric mantle is thinned to ca. 50 km above the plume. Especially low velocities (δVp ≤ –0.6%) are found in the sublithospheric mantle up to a depth of 400 km. The main body of the plume is located under the Khangai Highland and extends northward to the edge of Southern Siberia. The Khentei branch of the plume that is located SE of the Khentei Highland is connected with the main plume body at depths of 800–1000 km. Branches of the plume and its Khentei branch extend into Transbaikalia. The area of the plume decreases with depth, and its deepest part (1250–1300 km) is located under the southern Khangai Highland. The main body of the Khangai plume is expressed on the land surface by the Cenozoic uplift reaching 3500–4000 m in the southern Khangai Highland. From the SE, the Khangai plume and its Khentei branch territory are limited by Late Cenozoic troughs stretching along the southeastern border of Mongolia. From other sides, the Khangai uplift is bounded by a C-shaped belt of basins. The belt includes the southwestern part of the Baikal Rift Zone, the Tunka and Tuva Basins in the north, the Ubsu-Nur Basin and the Basin of Big Lakes in the west, and the Valley of Lakes in the south. The basins are filled with lacustrine and fluvial deposits of the Late Oligocene to Pliocene. In the Quaternary, the South and Central Baikal Basins, which existed as early as the Early Paleogene, became a part of the Baikal Rift, and the other basins were involved in the general uplift of the region. The structural paragenesis of the Khangai uplift and the surrounding basins is caused by the influence of the Khangai plume. On the territory above the plume, including its Khentei and Transbaikalia branches, the Cenozoic basaltic plume volcanism occurred, inheriting the Cretaceous volcanic manifestations in some places. The structural paragenesis associated with the Khangai plume is combined with the structural paragenesis produced by lithospheric plate interaction. The latter is expressed the best of all by active faults, but developed synchronously to the plume paragenesis. The active fault kinematics shows that the eastern and central parts of the region developed in the transpression conditions and the north-eastern part developed in conditions of extension and transtension. The Khangai plume is connected at depth with the Tibetan plume, which is situated under the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau north of the Lhasa block. The Tibetan plume has the shape of a funnel rising from dept

摘要 Khangai 烟羽位于蒙古中部和东部地下,是一个纵波速度显著降低的地幔体。MITP08的P波速度变化体积模型代表了P波速度与平均值的偏差(δVp),以百分比表示。岩石圈地幔在羽流上方约 50 公里处变薄。岩石圈下地幔的速度特别低(δVp ≤-0.6%),最深达 400 公里。羽流主体位于康盖高原之下,向北延伸至南西伯利亚边缘。位于康泰高原东南部的康泰羽流分支在 800-1000 千米深处与羽流主体相连。羽流及其肯特支流延伸至外贝加尔地区。羽流的面积随着深度的增加而减小,其最深的部分(1250-1300 千米)位于康盖高原南部的地下。康盖羽流的主体在陆地表面表现为新生代的隆起,在康盖高原南部达到 3500-4000 米。从东南方向看,康盖岩浆及其康泰支脉受到沿蒙古东南边界延伸的晚新生代槽谷的限制。从其他方向看,康盖隆起以一个 C 形盆地带为界。该盆地带包括贝加尔裂谷带的西南部、北部的通卡盆地和图瓦盆地、西部的乌布苏-淖尔盆地和大湖盆地以及南部的湖谷。这些盆地充满了晚渐新世至上新世的湖泊和河流沉积物。在第四纪,早在古新世早期就已存在的贝加尔湖南盆地和中盆地成为贝加尔裂谷的一部分,而其他盆地则参与了该地区的总体隆升。康盖隆起及其周边盆地的构造成因是受康盖羽流的影响。在该羽流上方的地区,包括其肯泰分支和外贝加尔分支,发生了新生代玄武质羽流火山活动,并在某些地方继承了白垩纪火山的表现形式。与康盖火山羽流相关的构造成因与岩石圈板块相互作用产生的构造成因相结合。后者通过活动断层表现得淋漓尽致,但与火山羽流的成因同步发展。活动断层运动学显示,该地区的东部和中部是在换位条件下发展起来的,而东北部则是在伸展和换位条件下发展起来的。康爱岩浆在深部与西藏岩浆相连,西藏岩浆位于拉萨地块以北青藏高原中部和东部的地下。西藏羽流呈漏斗状从 1400-1600 公里深处上升,伴随着岩石圈的减薄和地表的隆起。康加羽流和西藏羽流是一类特殊的羽流。它们从下地幔上部升起,因此与上地幔羽流以及从地核-地幔边界升起的非洲和太平洋超级羽流不同。本文提供的数据表明,康爱羽流和西藏羽流可能与超羽流分支有联系,但也承认羽流的独立起源。
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引用次数: 0
The Geological Characteristics of a Subpermafrost Gas Hydrate Reservoir on the Taimyr Shelf of the Kara Sea (Eastern Arctic) 喀拉海泰梅尔大陆架(东北极)次冻土层天然气水合物储层的地质特征
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123070099
T. V. Matveeva, A. O. Chazov, Yu. Yu. Smirnov

Abstract

The conditions for the formation of gas hydrates associated with subsea permafrost in the Kara Sea have been predicted based on numerical modeling. The forecast of the distribution of the relic submarine permafrost and related methane hydrate stability zone is given on the basis of solving the equation of thermal conductivity. According to modeling data, an extensive thermobaric relic submarine permafrost zone is predicted within the Kara Sea shelf. The greatest thickness (up to 600 m) of the permafrost is confined to the Taimyr shelf. Based on the results of the analysis of our model, drilling and seismic data, the southwestern shelf of the Kara Sea has insular or sporadic permafrost. In the northeastern part, the nature of the permafrost is also discontinuous, despite the greater thickness of the frozen strata. For the first time, accumulations of cryogenic gas hydrates on the Taimyr shelf have been characterized. The latest drilling data, seismic data reinterpretation, and numerical modeling have shown that the gas hydrate reservoir is confined to unconformably occurring Silurian–Devonian and underlying Triassic–Jurassic strata. The thickness of the gas hydrate reservoir varies from 800 to 1100 m. Based on the interpretation of CDP data and their comparison with model calculations, frozen deposits, and sub-permafrost traps of stratigraphic, anticline and anticline-stratigraphic types were identified for the first time. These pioneering studies allowed us to characterize the thickness and morphology of the gas hydrate reservoir, give a preliminary seismostratigraphic reference, and identify potentially gas hydrate-bearing structures. Due to the favorable thermobaric and permafrost-geothermal conditions, most of the identified traps may turn out to be sub-permafrost accumulations of gas hydrates. In total, at least five potential accumulations of gas hydrates were discovered, confined to structural depressions; the Uedineniya Trough and its side included the Egiazarov Step and North Mikhailovskaya Depression.

摘要 根据数值模型预测了与喀拉海海底永久冻土相关的天然气水合物的形成条件。在求解导热方程的基础上,对海底永久冻土遗迹和相关甲烷水合物稳定区的分布进行了预测。根据建模数据,预测在喀拉海大陆架内有一个广泛的热压遗迹海底永久冻土带。厚度最大(达 600 米)的永久冻土仅限于泰梅尔大陆架。根据我们对模型、钻探和地震数据的分析结果,喀拉海西南大陆架为孤立或零星的永久冻土层。在东北部,尽管冰冻地层的厚度更大,但永久冻土的性质也是不连续的。泰梅尔大陆架上的低温天然气水合物储量首次得到了描述。最新的钻探数据、地震数据重新解释和数值建模表明,天然气水合物储层仅限于志留纪-德文纪和下伏三叠纪-侏罗纪地层中的不整合地层。根据对 CDP 数据的解释及其与模型计算的比较,首次确定了地层、反线和反线-地层类型的冻结沉积和次冻土陷阱。这些开创性的研究使我们能够确定天然气水合物储层的厚度和形态特征,提供初步的地震地层参考,并确定潜在的含天然气水合物结构。由于有利的热压和永久冻土地热条件,大部分已确定的陷阱可能会成为冻土层下的天然气水合物聚集地。总共发现了至少五个潜在的天然气水合物积聚区,这些积聚区仅限于结构性凹陷;Uedineniya 地槽及其一侧包括 Egiazarov 台阶和北 Mikhailovskaya 凹陷。
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引用次数: 0
Tectonic Framework of the Eurasian Arctic Continental Margin 欧亚北极大陆边缘的构造框架
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123070075
E. A. Gusev, D. E. Artemieva, A. Yu. Komarov, A. A. Krylov, D. M. Urvantsev, A. N. Usov, E. A. Zykov

Abstract

Modern ideas about the tectonics of the Eurasian continental margin are considered. Cratons, fold belts, platforms, and sedimentary basins are briefly characterized. A significant part of the Arctic continental margins is represented by folded structures of different ages. In the course of geological evolution, tectonic structures successively formed, modified and died off, on which the processes of rifting and ocean formation were superimposed. Multidirectional tectonic movements, both vertical and horizontal, which led to the formation of the contours of oceanic basins and the ridges separating them, also influenced the continental margin. The destruction of the continental crust of the outer part of the continental shelf resulted in the formation of graben-like and rift troughs. The history of the Arctic oceanic basin began with the opening of the straits that connected the once isolated basin, the waters of which were largely desalinated. The latest stage of development was characterized by processes in which the transgressions and regressions of the Arctic Basin, the development and degradation of terrestrial and underground glaciation, and other processes played a leading role.

摘要 阐述了有关欧亚大陆边缘构造的现代观点。简要介绍了地壳、褶皱带、地台和沉积盆地的特征。不同年代的褶皱构造代表了北极大陆边缘的很大一部分。在地质演化过程中,构造相继形成、改变和消亡,在此基础上叠加了断裂和海洋形成过程。垂直和水平的多向构造运动导致了大洋盆地轮廓和分隔它们的海脊的形成,也对大陆边缘产生了影响。大陆架外部的大陆地壳遭到破坏,形成了地堑和裂谷。北冰洋海盆的历史始于连接曾经与世隔绝的海盆的海峡的开辟,其海水大部分被淡化。在最近的发展阶段,北极盆地的横断和回归、陆地和地下冰川的发展和退化以及其他过程发挥了主导作用。
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引用次数: 0
Tectonic Model of the Formation of the Chukchi Borderland 楚科奇边疆区形成的构造模型
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123070117
V. A. Poselov, A. S. Zholondz, O. E. Smirnov, A. L. Piskarev, S. M. Zholondz, V. A. Savin, A. G. Zinchenko, N. E. Leonova, A. A. Kireev

Abstract

The Chukchi Borderland is a tectonic unit of the eastern part of the Arctic continental margin of Eurasia that is part of the complex of the Central Arctic rises, along with the Lomonosov Ridge, the Alpha‒Mendeleev Rise, the Podvodnikov, Chukchi and Mendeleev basins. The study provides data on the structure of the Chukchi Borderland and the surrounding geological structures, morphology and geology, uses bathymetric materials, seismic materials from CDP and deep seismic survey, sampling and drilling data. A review of materials on the study region was carried out. The latest results of geomorphological analysis of bathymetric data and 3D modeling of the Earth’s crust of the study region using geophysical data are presented. To explain the identified features of the morphology and deep structure of the Chukchi Borderland, a tectonic model is proposed that explains the deep mechanisms of its formation and adjacent structures, as well as a structural-tectonic scheme of the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate, which presents the morphological and geological connection of the Chukchi Borderland with the continental shelf.

摘要--楚科奇边疆区是欧亚大陆北极大陆边缘东部的一个构造单元,与罗蒙诺索夫海脊、阿尔法-门捷列夫海隆、波德沃德尼科夫盆地、楚科奇盆地和门捷列夫盆地同属北极中部隆起复合体。该研究利用水深测量资料、CDP 和深层地震勘测的地震资料、取样和钻探数据,提供了有关楚科奇边疆区结构和周边地质结构、形态和地质的数据。对研究区域的资料进行了审查。介绍了对测深数据进行地貌分析的最新结果,以及利用地球物理数据对研究区域的地壳进行三维建模的最新结果。为了解释楚科奇边疆区形态和深部结构的已确定特征,提出了一个解释其形成和邻近结构的深部机制的构造模型,以及一个北极阿拉斯加-楚科奇微板块的构造-构造方案,该方案呈现了楚科奇边疆区与大陆架的形态和地质联系。
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引用次数: 0
Sedimentation in the Central Arctic Submarine Elevations: Results of Comprehensive Analysis of Paleomagnetic and Seismoacoustic Data 北极中部海底高地的沉积作用:古地磁和地震声学数据的综合分析结果
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123070063
D. V. Elkina, A. L. Piskarev, D. V. Bezumov

Abstract

The age assignment to the Arctic Basin sediments is complicated by the insufficient microfauna in them. Under these conditions, the paleomagnetic method is the major method to determine age boundaries. This method was used to construct the first successful age model of Arctic sediments in the 1970s. In recent decades, a number of works made it possible to describe changes in natural remanent magnetization direction as a consequence of secondary geochemical processes, in fact, discrediting the possibility of applying paleomagnetism to the Arctic Basin sediments. Based on our research of natural remanent magnetization in sediment cores from the Central Arctic submarine elevations, the reference paleomagnetic horizons were determined reliably. The sedimentation rates at the Alpha and Mendeleev ridges was calculated to be low (<2 mm/kyr). Mean sedimentation rates increase toward the Lomonosov Ridge due to the influence of the Transpolar Drift and toward the shelf. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the paleomagnetic and seismoacoustic data, low sedimentation rates have been characteristic of the Mendeleev Ridge and Podvodnikov Basin since the Early Miocene.

摘要 北极盆地沉积物中的微型动物数量不足,使年代划分变得复杂。在这种情况下,古地磁法是确定年龄界限的主要方法。20 世纪 70 年代,利用这种方法构建了第一个成功的北极沉积物年龄模型。近几十年来,一些工作使人们有可能将天然剩磁方向的变化描述为次生地球化学过程的结果,这实际上否定了将古地磁学应用于北极盆地沉积物的可能性。根据我们对北极中部海底高地沉积岩芯中天然剩磁的研究,可靠地确定了参考古地磁层。根据计算,阿尔法海脊和门捷列夫海脊的沉积速率较低(<2 mm/kyr)。由于跨极地漂移的影响,向罗蒙诺索夫海脊和陆棚方向的平均沉积速率有所增加。根据对古地磁和地震声学数据的综合分析,门捷列夫海脊和波德沃德尼科夫海盆自早中新世以来就具有低沉积速率的特征。
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引用次数: 0
The Structure of the Gakkel Ridge: Geological and Geophysical Data 加克尔海脊的结构:地质和地球物理数据
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123070105
A. L. Piskarev, V. D. Kaminsky, A. A. Kireev, V. A. Poselov, V. A. Savin, O. E. Smirnov, D. V. Bezumov, E. A. Dergileva, D. V. Elkina, G. I. Ovanesian, E. S. Ovsiannikova

Abstract

In 2011‒2020 a significant number of seismic lines were carried out in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean, which made it possible to study the structure of the junction zones of the Gakkel Ridge with the Nansen and Amundsen basins on a number of profiles. During 2019‒2020 15 sections of the Gakkel Ridge and its rift valley were studied using a sub-bottom profiler and seismo-acoustic profiling. New data on the relief of the basement, as well as the use of databases of bathymetry, gravity, and magnetic anomalies updated at VNIIOkeangeologia, made it possible to calculate the magnetization of the rocks of the Gakkel Ridge along a number of profiles crossing the ridge and to perform model calculations of the structure of the Earth’s crust using a complex of geological and geophysical data in the area of the southeastern termination of the ridge. The Gakkel Ridge is a structure that was isolated in the Early Oligocene (34 Ma)–Early Miocene (23 Ma) in the process of radical restructuring of the spreading kinematics in the existing ocean basins in the regions of the North Atlantic and the Arctic. The values of the calculated magnetization of the magnetic layer of the Earth’s crust show that this layer is partly composed of oceanic basalts, but mainly of deep-originated rocks, gabbro, and peridotites that were brought to the surface during detachment accompanying spreading. The Laptev Sea continuation of the rift valley of the Gakkel Ridge to the south of the caldera passes above many kilometers of sediments, at the base of which sedimentary rocks of Cretaceous and Late Jurassic age occur.

摘要 2011-2020年,在北冰洋欧亚盆地进行了大量地震测线,从而能够在一些剖面上研究加克尔海脊与南森盆地和阿蒙森盆地交界区的结构。2019-2020 年期间,使用海底剖面仪和地震声学剖面仪对加克尔海脊及其裂谷的 15 个剖面进行了研究。关于基底地形的新数据,以及利用 VNIIOkeangeologia 更新的水深测量、重力和磁异常数据库,使我们能够沿穿越海脊的若干剖面计算加克尔海脊岩石的磁化率,并利用海脊东南端区域的地质和地球物理数据进行地壳结构模型计算。加克尔海脊是早渐新世(34 Ma)-早中新世(23 Ma)在北大西洋和北极地区现有海洋盆地扩张运动学彻底重组过程中分离出来的一个结构。地壳磁层的磁化率计算值表明,该磁层部分由大洋玄武岩组成,但主要由深成岩、辉长岩和橄榄岩组成,这些岩石在伴随扩张的剥离过程中被带到地表。火山口南面的加克尔海脊裂谷的拉普捷夫海延伸段穿过数公里长的沉积层,在其底部有白垩纪和晚侏罗纪的沉积岩。
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引用次数: 0
Heat Flow at the Eurasian Margin: A Case Study for Estimation of Gas Hydrate Stability 欧亚大陆边缘的热流:估算天然气水合物稳定性的案例研究
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1134/s0016852123070026
A. V. Bochkarev, Yu. Yu. Smirnov, T. V. Matveeva

Abstract

Regional-scale geothermal maps are the basis for calculations and mapping of the thermobaric stability zone of submarine gas hydrates. Global geothermal measurements (in particular, at the Eurasian continental margin of the Arctic Ocean) are sporadic. The lack of geotemperature data does not allow mapping of thermal fields using standard interpolation methods. This article presents a solution to this problem and the results of geothermal mapping of the Eurasian continental margin of the Arctic Ocean by extrapolation on a structural-tectonic basis following the age of tectonomagmatic activation of geological structures. The TEMAR-10 000 tectonic map of the Arctic was chosen as a structural-tectonic basis for zoning by age of tectonomagmatic activation. The geothermal studies were based on verified data from the Global Heat Flow Database, as well as published materials and the authors’ original data. A geothermal database consisting of ~1000 geotemperature estimates has been compiled. Verification and statistical analysis of geothermal data in the Eurasian margin of the Arctic Ocean was performed. It has been established that the median values of heat flow are the most applicable for geothermal zoning on a structural-tectonic basis. The geothermal zoning of the Laptev Sea has been clarified based on seismic survey data on the position of the hydrate-related reflector, marking the phase boundary of the gas hydrate stability zone. For the first time, regional-scale geothermal mapping has been carried out at the Eurasian continental margin using actual measured and calculated geothermal data. The compiled geothermal map is the basis for calculating and mapping the gas hydrate stability zone.

摘要 区域尺度地热图是计算和绘制海底天然气水合物热压稳定区的基础。全球地热测量(尤其是北冰洋欧亚大陆边缘)非常零散。由于缺乏地温数据,无法使用标准插值法绘制热场图。本文介绍了这一问题的解决方案,以及根据地质构造的构造-构造激活年龄,在构造-构造基础上进行推断,绘制北冰洋欧亚大陆边缘地热图的结果。北极 TEMAR-10 000 构造图被选为按构造活化年龄进行分区的构造-构造基础。地热研究以全球热流数据库中经过验证的数据、已出版的资料和作者的原始数据为基础。地热数据库包括约 1000 个地温估算值。对北冰洋欧亚大陆边缘的地热数据进行了核实和统计分析。结果表明,热流中值最适用于根据构造-构造进行地热分区。拉普捷夫海的地热区划是根据地震勘测数据对水合物相关反射体的位置进行明确的,该反射体标志着天然气水合物稳定区的相界。利用实际测量和计算的地热数据,首次在欧亚大陆边缘绘制了区域尺度地热图。编制的地热图是计算和绘制天然气水合物稳定区的基础。
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引用次数: 0
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Geotectonics
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