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Echinocephalus inserratus sp. n. (Nematoda: Gnathostomatidae) from the stingray Pastinachus ater (Dasyatidae) and new records of congeneric and some other nematode larvae from teleost fishes off New Caledonia. 新喀里多尼亚海域硬骨鱼属棘头线虫属(刺头线虫科)和同属线虫幼虫的新记录。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.014
Frantisek Moravec, Jean-Lou Justine

Based on light and electron microscopical studies, a new nematode parasite, Echinocephalus inserratus sp. n. (Spirurida: Gnathostomatidae), is described from the spiral valve of the broad cowtail stingray Pastinachus ater (Macleay) (Dasyatidae, Myliobatiformes) from off New Caledonia. The new species is morphologically and biometrically most similar to Echinocephalus overstreeti Deardorff et Ko, 1983, differing from it mainly in the absence of serrations on the posterior parts of pseudolabia and on interlabia, and in having a longer gubernaculum (150-299 µm long). Morphologically unidentifiable, mostly encapsulated larvae of Echinocephalus spp. were recorded from the following six species of teleost fishes collected in New Caledonian waters, serving as paratenic hosts: Perciformes: Acanthopagrus berda (Forsskål) (Sparidae) and Nemipterus furcosus (Valenciennes) (Nemipteridae); Tetraodontiformes: Abalistes stellatus (Anonymous), Pseudobalistes fuscus (Bloch et Schneider) (both Balistidae), Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin) (Tetraodontidae) and Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus) (Monacanthidae). Co-parasitising larvae of Ascarophis sp. and Hysterothylacium sp. were also collected from P. fuscus. All these findings represent new host and geographical records. A key to valid species of Echinocephalus Molin, 1858 is provided.

在光镜和电镜研究的基础上,从新喀里多尼亚(new Caledonia)外海宽尾黄貂鱼Pastinachus ater (Macleay)(刺尾黄貂鱼科,Myliobatiformes)的螺旋瓣上发现了一种新的线虫寄生虫Echinocephalus inserratus sp. n.(螺旋体目:齿形黄貂科)。新物种在形态和生物统计学上与棘头藻overstreeti Deardorff et Ko, 1983最相似,不同之处主要在于假唇后部和唇间没有锯齿,且掌骨较长(150-299µm长)。在新喀里多尼亚水域采集的6种硬骨鱼中,记录了形态不明的棘头鱼(Echinocephalus sp .)的幼虫,它们大多被包裹起来,作为辅助寄主:潜形目:棘头鱼(forsskatal)(棘头鱼科)和棘头鱼(Nemipterus furcosus (valciennes)(棘头鱼科);四齿兽目:星形拟齿兽(匿名)、fuscus拟齿兽(Bloch et Schneider)(均为齿兽科)、Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin)(四齿兽科)和Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus) (Monacanthidae)。在fuscus中还采集到Ascarophis sp.和Hysterothylacium sp.共寄生的幼虫。这些发现代表了新的宿主和地理记录。提供了有效种棘头虫(echincephalus Molin, 1858)的一个检索键。
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引用次数: 5
New species of Guidus Ivanov, 2006 (Cestoda: Phyllobothriidea) from Bathyraja magellanica (Philippi) from the Patagonian Continental Shelf of Argentina. Guidus Ivanov, 2006来自阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚大陆架麦哲伦大蠊(Philippi)的新种(类群:phyllobothri总科)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.011
Adriana Menoret, Veronica A Ivanov

Specimens representing two new species of Guidus Ivanov, 2006 were collected from the Magellan skate (Bathyraja magellanica [Philippi]) in the Patagonian Continental Shelf of Argentina, Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Guidus francoi sp. n. and Guidus magellanicus sp. n. differ from their congeners by a particular combination of features, including type of bothridia, worm length, number of testes, and distribution of vitelline follicles. Guidus francoi sp. n. is distinguished from G. magellanicus sp. n. by having fewer proglottids, fewer testes and a higher ratio between the cirrus sac length and the proglottid width. The microthrix pattern of species of Guidus from the Southwestern Atlantic is described, based on specimens of G. francoi sp. n., Guidus magellanicus sp. n., and newly collected specimens of Guidus argentinense Ivanov, 2006. These three species share the presence of wide aristate gladiate spinitriches on the proximal bothridial surface, narrow gladiate spinitriches on the bothridial rim, and filitriches on the distal bothridial surface. The diagnosis of Guidus is revised to include several features exhibited by the new species (i.e., presence of bothridial indentations and bothridial stalks, distribution of vitelline follicles, and eggs grouped in cocoons). The discovery of G. francoi sp. n. and G. magellanicus sp. n. from B. magellanica increases the number of species of Guidus collected from batoids in the Southwestern Atlantic from one to three. The specificity exhibited by the species herein described reinforces the tight association between rays in the genera Guidus and Bathyraja.

2006年在西南大西洋阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚大陆架的麦哲伦鳐(Bathyraja magellanica [Philippi])中采集了两个Guidus Ivanov新种的标本。弗朗哥Guidus franci sp.和麦哲伦Guidus magellanicus sp.在一些特殊的特征组合上与它们的同类不同,包括双生殖道的类型、蠕虫的长度、睾丸的数量和卵泡的分布。与麦哲伦瓢虫的区别在于前者的原门虫较少,睾丸较少,卷云囊长度与原门虫宽度的比值较高。本文根据2006年新采集的阿根廷Guidus argentinense Ivanov, G. frani sp. n.、magellanicus sp.和Guidus argentinense的标本,描述了西南大西洋Guidus物种的微栖格局。这三个物种在两侧近端表面都有宽的角斗士尖鞘,在两侧边缘有窄的角斗士尖鞘,在两侧远端表面有窄的角斗士尖鞘。对Guidus的诊断进行了修订,以包括新物种所表现出的几个特征(即,双侧侧凹痕和双侧侧柄的存在,卵黄卵泡的分布,以及成茧的卵)。从b.m agellanica中发现的g.f ofrani sp. n和g.m agellanicus sp. n使西南大西洋从蝙蝠类中收集到的Guidus物种从一种增加到三种。本文所描述的物种所表现出的特异性加强了Guidus属和Bathyraja属射线之间的紧密联系。
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引用次数: 1
Endoparasite prevalence and infection risk factors among cats in an animal shelter in Estonia. 爱沙尼亚动物收容所猫体内寄生虫流行率和感染风险因素。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-20 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.010
Ants Tull, Epp Moks, Urmas Saarma

Cats are important hosts for different zoonotic parasites that can be hazardous to human health. To date, few studies have attempted to identify the factors affecting parasitic infections in shelter animals. This study aims to analyse the presence of endoparasites in shelter cats in Tartu, Estonia, and identify factors affecting endoparasite prevalence and intensity. The risk factors considered were age, location (urban vs rural cats) and time spent in shelter. In total, 290 faecal samples were collected from cats at an animal shelter in 2015-2016 and investigated for endoparasites using the concentration flotation technique. In total, 138 shelter cats (47.6%) were infected with endoparasites and their overall prevalence was: Toxocara cati (36.6%), Cystoisospora spp. (12.4%), Taeniidae gen. sp. (4.1%), Toxoplasma gondii/Hammondia hammondi (3.4%), Eucoleus aerophilus (2.1%), Cryptosporidium spp. (2.1%), Ancylostoma sp. (0.7%) and Giardia sp. (0.7%). Coinfections occurred in 38 cats (13.1%) most frequently of T. cati and Cystoisospora spp. (4.5%), Cystoisospora spp. and T. gondii/H. hammondi (2.1%). Where species identification of cestode and nematode samples was not possible according to morphology, genetic analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 gene was carried out. DNA was successfully analysed for 6 out of 13 samples that required genetic identification, revealing Ancylostoma tubaeforme in one nematode sample and Hydatigera taeniaeformis in five cestode samples. Cats from rural areas had significantly higher endoparasite prevalence than cats from urban areas. Helminth prevalence decreased to some extent due to anthelmintic treatment in cats available for adoption (held ≥15 days in the shelter), whereas the prevalence of infection with protists increased significantly in these animals. It is important to note that the analysis revealed lower infection intensity for quarantine cats (held 1-14 days in the shelter) compared with cats available for adoption. The relatively high prevalence of endoparasites (including zoonotic) in shelter cats ready for adoption suggests that current anthelminthic procedures require improvements.

猫是对人类健康有害的各种人畜共患寄生虫的重要宿主。迄今为止,很少有研究试图确定影响收容所动物寄生虫感染的因素。本研究旨在分析爱沙尼亚塔尔图收容所猫体内寄生虫的存在,并确定影响体内寄生虫流行和强度的因素。考虑的风险因素包括年龄、地点(城市猫与农村猫)和在收容所呆的时间。2015-2016年,在动物收容所共收集了290份猫的粪便样本,并使用浓缩浮选技术调查了体内寄生虫。共有138只收容猫感染内寄生虫(47.6%),总体流行率依次为:猫弓形虫(36.6%)、囊异孢子虫(12.4%)、带绦虫(4.1%)、刚地弓形虫/钩蚴(3.4%)、嗜气桉(2.1%)、隐孢子虫(2.1%)、钩虫(0.7%)和贾第鞭毛虫(0.7%)。38只猫共感染(13.1%),以猫绦虫与囊异孢子虫共感染(4.5%)、囊异孢子虫与刚地弓形虫共感染最为常见。hammondi(2.1%)。在无法根据形态学对虫和线虫样本进行物种鉴定的情况下,对线粒体cox1基因进行遗传分析。在13个需要基因鉴定的样本中,成功分析了6个样本的DNA,在一个线虫样本中发现了管状钩虫,在5个线虫样本中发现了带状棘球蚴。农村地区猫的内寄生虫患病率明显高于城市地区猫。由于对供收养的猫(在收容所关押≥15天)进行了驱虫治疗,蠕虫流行率在一定程度上有所下降,而这些动物中原生生物感染的流行率却显著增加。值得注意的是,分析显示,与可供收养的猫相比,隔离猫(在收容所关押1-14天)的感染强度较低。收容所准备收养的猫体内寄生虫(包括人畜共患病)的患病率相对较高,这表明目前的驱虫程序需要改进。
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引用次数: 4
Life-history studies on infrapopulations of Mazocraes alosae (Monogenea) parasitising Alosa immaculata (Actinopterygii) in the northern Black and Azov Seas. 黑海北部和亚速海地区寄生无斑阿洛萨(Actinopterygii)的单属阿洛萨(Mazocraes)生活史研究。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-16 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.009
Mariana P Plaksina, David I Gibson, Evgenija V Dmitrieva

The life-history of Mazocraes alosae Hermann, 1782 on one of its hosts, the Pontic shad Alosa immaculata Bennett, is described for the first time. This anadromous fish, which occurs off the coast of the Crimea and migrates from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov and into the River Don for spawning, was studied throughout its migration and during all seasons. It is demonstrated that the period of reproduction of this monogenean is significantly longer than that reported for the population in the Caspian Sea, lasting from April to November with a peak in April-May, and continues both in the sea and the river. Experiments showed that water salinity does not limit the development of the eggs or the hatching of the oncomiracidia. Our data reveal that the abundance of M. alosae is not determined by the size or sex of mature fish and that shad of less than two years old can also be infected with this monogenean, although less frequently than older fish. The direction of the migration of A. immaculata, either from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov and into the rivers or in the opposite direction, does not influence the number of monogeneans present on the host. The main factor affecting the dynamics of the abundance of this monogenean is season, and, as has been indicated previously in the Caspian Sea basin, there is a synchronisation between the parasite's life-history and both the host's spawning behaviour and the duration of its migration.

1782年,在它的宿主之一蓬蒂沙鱼(Pontic shahad Alosa immaculata Bennett)上,首次描述了Mazocraes alosae Hermann的生活史。这种溯河鱼类出现在克里米亚海岸附近,从黑海迁徙到亚速海,然后进入顿河产卵,研究人员在整个迁徙过程中以及所有季节都对其进行了研究。结果表明,这种单系物种的繁殖周期明显长于里海种群的繁殖周期,从4月持续到11月,4 - 5月达到高峰,并且在海中和河中都持续存在。实验表明,水的盐度不限制卵的发育或卵的孵化。我们的数据显示,M. alosae的丰度不是由成熟鱼的大小或性别决定的,不到两岁的鱼也可以感染这种单基因,尽管比老鱼少。A. immaculata的迁徙方向,无论是从黑海到亚速海并进入河流,还是相反的方向,都不会影响宿主上存在的单系菌的数量。影响这种单基因生物丰度动态的主要因素是季节,而且,正如先前在里海盆地所表明的那样,寄生虫的生活史与宿主的产卵行为和迁徙时间之间存在同步。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and genetic description of two new species of philometrid nematodes (Philometridae) parasitic in needlefishes (Belonidae) from estuaries of Florida, USA. 美国佛罗里达河口针鱼中寄生两新种的形态和遗传描述。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-13 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.008
Frantisek Moravec, Micah D Bakenhaster, Seifu Seyoum, Michael D Tringali

Two new species of philometrid nematodes (Philometridae) from needlefishes (Belonidae) in Florida are described based on morphological and genetic characteristics: Philometra aequispiculata sp. n. (males and females) collected from the ovary of Strongylura marina (Walbaum) (type host) and Strongylura notata (Poey), and Philometra notatae sp. n. (females) from the swimbladder of S. notata. Both species are described and illustrated based on light and scanning electron microscopical examinations. Morphologically, P. aequispiculata sp. n. differs from all congeners mainly in the unique structure of the distal tip of the gubernaculum, whereas P. notatae sp. n. is mainly characterised by the presence of eight markedly large cephalic papillae of the outer circle in gravid and subgravid females, the body length of the gravid female (54 mm) and by the absence of caudal projections. Molecular characterisation of the new species was assessed from phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and SSU rRNA small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU) sequences among closely related philometrids by way of Bayesian inference. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on COI and SSU sequences show each of the new species comprise discrete ancestor-descendent lineages.

根据形态特征和遗传特征,描述了美国佛罗里达州针鱼(Belonidae)中2个新种:从圆形圆鲈(Walbaum)(型寄主)和圆形圆鲈(Poey)的卵巢中采集到的水蛭线虫(Philometra aequispiculata sp. n.)(雌雄)和从圆形圆鲈(S. notata)的膀胱中采集到的圆形圆鲈(Philometra notatae sp. n.)。这两个物种的描述和说明基于光和扫描电子显微镜检查。在形态学上,aequispiculata sp. n.与所有同系物的区别主要在于网膜远端尖端的独特结构,而P. notatae sp. n.的主要特征是在怀孕和亚怀孕的雌性中存在8个明显较大的头状乳头,怀孕雌性的体长(54毫米),并且没有尾端突起。通过贝叶斯推断,对亲缘关系较近的philometrids的线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶I (COI)和SSU rRNA小亚基核糖体RNA (SSU)序列进行系统发育分析,评估了新种的分子特征。基于COI和SSU序列的系统发育重建显示,每个新物种都包含离散的祖先-后代谱系。
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引用次数: 7
Molecular and morphological characterisation of the metacercariae of two species of Cardiocephaloides (Digenea: Strigeidae) infecting endemic South African klipfish (Perciformes: Clinidae). 感染南非特有鳕鱼(鳍形目:鳍形鱼科)的两种心包虫虫的分子和形态学特征。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.007
Anja Vermaak, Nico J Smit, Olena Kudlai

South African clinids are a major component of the temperate intertidal regions that are also known to participate in life cycles and transmission of several groups of parasites. However, the knowledge of trematode diversity of these fishes is incomplete. In this study, two species of Clinus Cuvier, the super klipfish Clinus superciliosus (Linnaeus) and the bluntnose klipfish Clinus cottoides Valenciennes, were collected from six localities along the South African coast and examined for the presence of trematodes. Metacercariae of Cardiocephaloides Sudarikov, 1959 were found in the eye vitreous humour and brain of C. superciliosus and in the eye vitreous humour of C. cottoides. Detailed analyses integrating morphological and molecular sequence data (28S rDNA, ITS2 rDNA-region, and COI mtDNA) revealed that these belong to two species, Cardiocephaloides physalis (Lutz, 1926) and an unknown species of Cardiocephaloides. This study provides the first report of clinid fishes serving as intermediate hosts for trematodes, reveals that the diversity of Cardiocephaloides in South Africa is higher than previously recorded, and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the life cycles of these trematode species. The broad geographical distribution of Cardiocephaloides spp. was confirmed in the present study based on molecular sequence data. The host-parasite interactions between clinid fishes and metacercariae of Cardiocephaloides are yet to be explored.

南非沙漠是温带潮间带地区的一个主要组成部分,已知它也参与了几组寄生虫的生命周期和传播。然而,对这些鱼类吸虫多样性的认识尚不完整。本研究在南非沿海的6个地点采集了两种Cuvier鱼,即超级klipfish Clinus superciliosus (Linnaeus)和钝鼻klipfish Clinus cottoides Valenciennes,并检查了吸虫的存在。suarikov, 1959在超纤毛瓢虫的玻璃体和大脑以及棉绒瓢虫的玻璃体中发现了包囊蚴。结合形态学和分子序列数据(28S rDNA、ITS2 rDNA区域和COI mtDNA)进行详细分析,发现它们属于两个种,一个是Cardiocephaloides physalis (Lutz, 1926),另一个是Cardiocephaloides的未知种。本研究首次报道了作为吸虫中间寄主的临床鱼类,揭示了南非Cardiocephaloides的多样性高于以往的记录,并强调了进一步研究这些吸虫物种的生命周期的必要性。本研究基于分子序列数据,证实了该植物广泛的地理分布。临床鱼类与头足纲囊蚴之间的宿主-寄生虫相互作用尚待探讨。
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引用次数: 3
A sucker for the job: morphology and functioning of suckers of polystomatid monogeneans. 一个吸盘的工作:多口单系动物吸盘的形态和功能。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-03-24 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.006
Louis Heyns Du Preez, Maxine Theunissen

Monogeneans rely on firm attachment to often flexible and uneven surfaces and are renowned for their effective posterior attachment structures in the form of adhesives, clamps, hamuli and suckers. Polystomatids do not secrete adhesives and do not have clamps. While only some have hamuli, all have suckers in the adult form. Three different types of haptoral suckers have been described based on basic morphology but have never been studied in depth. Using enzyme digestion and light (differential interference contrast), confocal and scanning electron microscopy, we examined representatives and propose four sucker types. Haptoral sucker Type I are symmetrical soft, flexible, cup- to disk-shaped suckers and are found in all polystomes infecting frogs and salamanders. Type II suckers are symmetrical soft, flexible, cup-shaped suckers with a hollow continuous skeletal ring and no other skeletal elements. They are found in species of Nanopolystoma Du Preez, Wilkinson et Huyse, 2008 infecting caecilians. Type III suckers are symmetrical firm, cup-shaped suckers with elaborate skeletal elements that contribute to a secure grip on the host tissue. This type of sucker is found in all polystomes infecting freshwater turtles and the common hippopotamus. Type IV suckers are asymmetrical with an elaborate series of long, thin sclerites with terminal spines or hooks. This type of sucker is only known from Concinnocotyla australensis (Reichenbach-Klinke, 1966) infecting the Australian lungfish. These different sucker types are crucial for the survival of polystomatid flatworms within their respective microhabitats.

单系动物依靠牢固的附着在经常灵活和不均匀的表面上,并以其有效的后部附着结构而闻名,其形式包括粘合剂、夹子、钩和吸盘。多口虫不分泌黏合剂,也没有夹钳。虽然只有一些有hamuli,但所有的成虫都有吸盘。三种不同类型的触觉吸盘已经描述了基于基本形态,但从未深入研究。利用酶解、光(差干涉对比)、共聚焦和扫描电子显微镜对代表进行了检查,并提出了四种吸盘类型。I型吸盘是对称的、柔软的、杯状到盘状的吸盘,在所有感染青蛙和蝾螈的多口动物中都有。II型吸盘是对称的柔软、灵活的杯状吸盘,有一个中空的连续骨架环,没有其他骨架元件。它们存在于感染幼动物的纳米息肉瘤(Du Preez, Wilkinson et Huyse, 2008)中。III型吸盘是对称的、坚固的、杯状的吸盘,带有精致的骨骼元素,有助于牢牢抓住宿主组织。这种吸盘存在于所有感染淡水龟和河马的多口线虫中。IV型吸盘是不对称的,有一系列精致的长而薄的硬骨,末端有刺或钩。这种类型的吸盘仅从感染澳大利亚肺鱼的coninnocotyla australensis (Reichenbach-Klinke, 1966)中已知。这些不同的吸盘类型对多口扁虫在各自微生境中的生存至关重要。
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引用次数: 2
Latent toxoplasmosis and vitamin D concentration in humans: three observational studies. 人类潜伏弓形虫病与维生素D浓度:三项观察性研究。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-02-12 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.005
Sarka Kankova, Marie Bicikova, Ludmila Macova, Jana Hlavacova, Katerina Sykorova, Dobroslava Jandova, Jaroslav Flegr

Numerous recent studies show that vitamin D deficiency potentiates various chronic physical and psychiatric disorders and diseases. It has been shown that a similar range of disorders is also associated with latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908). For instance, among cancer, diabetes and schizophrenia patients, we find a higher prevalence of both toxoplasmosis and vitamin D deficiency. Theoretically, therefore, vitamin D deficiency could be the missing link between toxoplasmosis and these disorders. We tested this hypothesis by searching for decreased vitamin D levels in the serum of subjects infected with T. gondii (furthermore called Toxoplasma-infected subjects) in two cross-sectional and one case-control study. Results of the first cross-sectional study (N = 72) suggest that Toxoplasma-infected neurasthenic patients have non-significantly lower levels of calcidiol than Toxoplasma-free patients (study A: P = 0.26 in women, P = 0.68 in men). However, two other studies (study B: N = 400; study C: N = 191) showed a non-significantly higher concentration of vitamin D in Toxoplasma-infected subjects than in Toxoplasma-free subjects both in men (study B: P = 0.70, study C: P = 0.55) and in women (study B: P = 0.64, study C: P = 0.12). Taken together, our preliminary results thus do not support the hypothesis that toxoplasmosis could be associated with vitamin D decrease.

最近的许多研究表明,维生素D缺乏会加剧各种慢性身体和精神疾病。研究表明,一系列类似的疾病也与弓形虫潜伏感染有关(Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908)。例如,在癌症、糖尿病和精神分裂症患者中,我们发现弓形虫病和维生素D缺乏症的患病率更高。因此,从理论上讲,维生素D缺乏可能是弓形虫病和这些疾病之间缺失的一环。我们通过在两项横断面研究和一项病例对照研究中寻找弓形虫感染受试者(也称为弓形虫感染受试者)血清中维生素D水平下降的情况来验证这一假设。第一个横断面研究的结果(N = 72)表明,感染弓形虫的神经衰弱患者的钙二醇水平不显著低于未感染弓形虫的患者(研究A:女性P = 0.26,男性P = 0.68)。然而,另外两项研究(研究B: N = 400;研究C: N = 191)显示,在男性(研究B: P = 0.70,研究C: P = 0.55)和女性(研究B: P = 0.64,研究C: P = 0.12)中,弓形虫感染受试者的维生素D浓度均未显著高于未感染弓形虫的受试者。综上所述,我们的初步结果因此不支持弓形虫病可能与维生素D减少有关的假设。
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引用次数: 2
Survey of Kudoa spp. (Myxozoa, Cnidaria) in fishes from the Madeira Archipelago and the Portuguese mainland coast: detection of Kudoa thyrsites in new hosts Scomber colias and Micromesistius poutassou. 马德拉群岛和葡萄牙大陆海岸鱼类中Kudoa spp.(粘虫纲,刺胞纲)的调查:在新寄主Scomber colias和Micromesistius poutassou中发现Kudoa thyrsites。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.003
Barbara Cavaleiro, Joana Serrao, Sara Nogueira, Liliana Ribeiro, Margarida Hermida, Cristina Cruz, Martina Lisnerova, Ivan Fiala, Aurelia Saraiva

Myxozoan parasites of the genus Kudoa Meglitsch, 1947 are associated with post-mortem tissue degradation that causes great financial losses to commercial fisheries. Kudoa thyrsites (Gilchrist, 1924) is a species with a very wide host range including commercial tunas, mackerels, salmonids and flatfishes. A sample of 190 fishes of 18 species from the Madeira Archipelago and 30 Atlantic chub mackerel, Scomber colias Gmelin, and 30 blue whiting, Micromesistius poutassou (Risso), from the Portuguese mainland coast were examined for the presence of species of Kudoa. The prevalence of Kudoa spp. was 80% in M. poutassou and 60% in S. colias. No spore was detected in S. colias from Madeira, which was confirmed by specific PCR screening of the muscle from all individuals of S. colias. SSU rDNA analysis revealed that M. poutassou and S. colias from the Portuguese mainland coast were infected with K. thyrsites, an economically important myxozoan parasite. Both sequences were identical with sequences of the eastern Atlantic K. thyrsites genotype, including that from the type host of this parasite. This is the first report of K. thyrsites from M. poutassou and S. colias. The fact that spores of species of Kudoa were not detected in fishes screened in the Madeira Archipelago may be explained by various ecological factors, such as the absence of a continental shelf, a short insular shelf, and oceanic waters with low productivity, all resulting in reduced abundance of benthic organisms. Consequently, it is possible that as yet unknown annelid definitive hosts of Kudoa spp. are absent or very rare near Madeiran coasts.

Kudoa Meglitsch属黏液寄生虫,1947年,与死后组织降解有关,给商业渔业造成巨大的经济损失。Kudoa thyrsites (Gilchrist, 1924)是一个宿主范围非常广泛的物种,包括商业金枪鱼、鲭鱼、鲑鱼和比目鱼。对来自马德拉群岛的18种190种鱼、来自葡萄牙大陆海岸的30种大西洋鲐鱼(Scomber colias Gmelin)和30种蓝白鱼(Micromesistius poutassou)进行了Kudoa物种的检测。poutassou和colias的Kudoa感染率分别为80%和60%。马德拉岛大肠杆菌未检测到孢子,对所有大肠杆菌个体的肌肉进行特异性PCR筛选证实了这一点。SSU - rDNA分析显示,葡萄牙大陆海岸的M. poutassou和S. colias感染了一种经济上重要的黏液虫K. thyrsites。这两个序列与东大西洋麝香蓟马基因型的序列相同,包括来自该寄生虫类型宿主的序列。本文为首次报道来自普塔苏和科利亚斯的麝香蓟马属植物。在马德拉群岛筛选的鱼类中没有检测到Kudoa物种的孢子,这一事实可以用各种生态因素来解释,例如没有大陆架、短岛状大陆架和生产力低的海洋水域,所有这些都导致底栖生物的丰度减少。因此,在马德拉海岸附近,Kudoa spp.的未知环节动物的最终宿主可能是没有或非常罕见的。
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引用次数: 3
Three new species of 'tetraphyllidean' cestodes from an undescribed bamboo shark (Orectolobiformes: Hemiscylliidae) in Sri Lanka. 斯里兰卡一种未描述竹鲨的“四水蛭”壳类动物的三个新种。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.004
Janine N Caira, Kyle Otto, Daniel Fernando, Kirsten Jensen

Examination of seven specimens of an undescribed species of bamboo shark (Orectolobiformes: Hemiscylliidae), currently referred to as Chiloscyllium sp. 1, from Sri Lanka yielded three new species of 'tetraphyllidean' cestodes, one each in the genera Carpobothrium Shipley et Hornell, 1906, Spiniloculus Southwell, 1925, and Yorkeria Southwell, 1927. Carpobothrium marjorieae Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n. differs from its three valid congeners in total length, number of testes, and size of the apical sucker of its anterior bothridial flap. Like Carpobothrium eleanorae Koontz et Caira, 2016 it possesses spherical eggs with highly elongate bipolar filaments, but its eggs are conspicuously larger than those of the latter species. Spiniloculus akshayi Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n. can be distinguished from its five congeners in total length and number of proglottids. Yorkeria sachiniae Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n. differs from its 16 congeners in number of proglottids and testes, total length, terminal proglottid, cirrus sac, and cephalic peduncle length, hook size, genital pore position, and bothridial shape. The eggs of Y. sachiniae Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n. are spindle-shaped and bear a single long, polar filament. All three species were found to exhibit microthrix patterns on their scolices like those of the majority of their congeners that have been examined to date with scanning electron microscopy. Microtriches on the distal surfaces of the bothridial pouches of a species of Carpobothrium were characterised for the first time; C. marjorieae Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n. was found to possess a modified form of gladiate spinithrix on this surface. Among the seven members of the genus, this is the first species of Chiloscyllium Müller et Henle that has been found to host representatives of all three of these 'tetraphyllidean' genera. However, unlike most of its congeners, a representative of the non-hooked genus Scyphophyllidium Woodland, 1927 was not found infecting Chiloscyllium sp. 1.

对来自斯里兰卡的一种未被描述的竹鲨(尾形目:半竹鲨科)的7个标本(目前被称为Chiloscyllium sp. 1)进行了检查,发现了3个新的“四叶竹鲨”类,分别属于Carpobothrium Shipley et Hornell, 1906年,Spiniloculus Southwell, 1925年和Yorkeria Southwell, 1927年。Carpobothrium marjorieae Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n.在总长度、睾丸数量和其前胸瓣顶端吸盘的大小上不同于它的三个有效同族。像Carpobothrium eleanorae Koontz et Caira, 2016,它有球形的卵,具有非常细长的双极丝,但它的卵明显比后者的卵大。Spiniloculus akshayi Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n.与它的5个同属物种在总长度和原趾类数量上有明显区别。Yorkeria sachiniae Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n.与它的16个同系物在前门和睾丸的数量、总长度、末端前门、卷云囊和头柄长度、钩大小、生殖孔位置和双侧形状上有所不同。caya, Otto和Jensen sp. n.的卵呈纺锤形,有一条长而极的细丝。所有这三个物种都被发现在它们的脊柱上表现出微刺的模式,就像它们的大多数同系物一样,这些都是迄今为止用扫描电子显微镜检查过的。本文首次报道了一种卡波蓟马(Carpobothrium)双胸囊远端表面的微食槽;C. marjorieae Caira, Otto et Jensen sp. n.在这个表面上发现了一种改良形式的角斗士棘。在该属的七个成员中,这是Chiloscyllium m ller et Henle的第一个物种,它被发现拥有所有这三个“四烷基”属的代表。然而,与它的大多数同系物不同,非钩形属的代表植物Scyphophyllidium Woodland, 1927没有被发现感染Chiloscyllium sp. 1。
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引用次数: 2
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Folia Parasitologica
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