Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

英文中文

Efficacy and safety of gene therapy approaches for malignant gliomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101183

Elnaz Amanzadeh Jajin, Saeed Oraee-Yazdani, Alireza Zali, Roozbeh Tavanaei

Background

Malignant gliomas are the most aggressive brain tumors with no certain therapeutic methods. Nowadays, novel treatment methods are introduced for gliomas among which gene therapy is known as a promising and robust method. In this method, genes with key roles in the prevention of cell cycle or induction of cell suicide are transferred to the tumor site using vectors. Viral vectors are the most popular transfer methods, while the liposomes are also used for gene therapy.

Methods

This meta-analysis and systematic review was performed based on PRISMA guidelines. We performed a comprehensive search in databases including PubMed, Embase, and clinicaltrial.gov. After processing and filtering the articles, phase 1 clinical trials were chosen for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of gene therapy for malignant gliomas.

Results

The obtained results showed that gene therapy increases overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in two years of follow-up. Subgroup analysis also showed that cytokines exhibit the highest effectiveness compared to suicide genes and oncolytic genes. It was found that gene therapy is more efficient for recurrent gliomas than primary gliomas. The subgroup analysis for vectors revealed that Adenovirus is the most effective for increasing the OS in malignant glioma patients.

Conclusion

Gene therapy is an immunotherapy method for malignant gliomas following the standard treatment approach. Considering the effectiveness of gene therapy on the survival of patients, it is hoped that solving related issues with gene therapy will help to increase the OS rate in this malignant disease.

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引用次数: 0

Information for Readers

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00105-3

引用次数: 0

Title Page

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00104-1

引用次数: 0

Dietary influence on cancer progression: Gut health and genomic profiles 饮食对癌症进展的影响：肠道健康和基因组谱

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101159

Yashar Vaziri

This scholarly review comprehensively examines the connection between dietary habits, gut health, cancer prognosis, and genomic profiles. It emphasizes the crucial role of gut microbiota in mediating genomic changes and oncogenic processes through metabolic derivatives.It advocatеs for pеrsonalizеd nutrition stratеgiеs based on individual microbiomе and gеnomic profilеs and proposеs that customized diеtary intеrvеntions could play a crucial rolе in cancеr prеvеntion thеrapy. Thе article highlights thе influеncе of spеcific nutriеnts and such as diеtary fibеr and polyphеnols found in cеrtain foods and dеmonstrating thеir potеntial to altеr gеnе еxprеssions associatеd with inflammation and tumorigеnеsis. Thе rеviеw citеs rеcеnt studiеs that support thе idеa that diеtary modifications can influеncе gеnе rеgulation and thеrеby potеntially altеring cancеr progrеssion. Nevertheless, it calls for morе rigorous rеsеarch including longitudinal and randomizеd studies, to substantiatе thе еvidеncе nеcеssary for developing diеtary guidеlinеs tailorеd for cancеr patiеnts. Thе rеviеw еmphasizеs thе nееd for a multidisciplinary approach and highlight thе importancе of collaboration across thе fiеlds of nutrition gеnomics microbiology and oncology to improve cancеr trеatmеnts and patiеnt quality of lifе. It posits thе rеviеw as a cornеrstonе for a divеrsе audiеncе within thе scientific and mеdical communitimphasizing thе nеcеssity for ongoing rеsеarch in nutritional gеnomics which it dеpicts as a fiеld full of opportunitiеs to transform cancеr carе.

这篇学术综述全面考察了饮食习惯、肠道健康、癌症预后和基因组图谱之间的联系。它强调肠道微生物群在通过代谢衍生物介导基因组变化和致癌过程中的关键作用。它倡导基于个体微生物和基因组图谱的个人个性化营养策略，并提出定制的个人营养策略可以在癌症预防治疗中发挥重要作用。这篇文章强调了特定营养成分的影响，例如在某些食物中发现的膳食纤维和多酚，并论证了与炎症和肿瘤相关的膳食纤维和多酚的影响。支持如下观点的数据库：数据库的修改可以影响数据库的修改，数据库的修改可以改变数据库的修改，数据库的修改可以改变数据库的修改。尽管如此，它需要更严格的数据研究，包括纵向和随机研究，以证实该数据库用于开发针对癌症患者量身定制的数据指南。该研究强调了该研究的多学科方法，并强调了营养经济学、微生物学和肿瘤学五个领域之间合作的重要性，以改善癌症治疗和患者的生活质量。它将生态环境假设为科学和医学社区中一个生态环境的生态环境，强调了生态环境对营养经济学中正在进行的生态环境的生态环境的生态环境，并将其描述为一个充满机会的生态环境来改变癌症生态环境。

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引用次数: 0

Technological innovations enhancing palliative care in cancer: A new era of patient care in India 加强癌症姑息治疗的技术创新：印度患者护理的新时代

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101158

Snehasish Tripathy, Sapna Negi, Ankita Mathur, Vini Mehta

引用次数: 0

Women's ignorance and misperception of cervical cancer: Evidence-based analysis from low- and middle-income countries 妇女对宫颈癌的无知和误解：来自中低收入国家的循证分析。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101157

Balraj Sudha , Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar , Sundaravadivelu Sumathi

Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality particularly in low- and mid-income countries. This review synthesizes existing knowledge on cervical cancer, HPV infection, and HPV vaccination accumulated over the past decade (2015-2024), highlighting disparities in awareness and prevention strategies globally. Education level correlates with HPV vaccine awareness, yet mere familiarity with cervical cancer doesn't ensure understanding of its severity. Notably, prevention measures, including screening and HPV testing, varied significantly across countries during this period. To enhance HPV vaccine uptake moving forward, targeted efforts are necessary to educate women, particularly in low- and mid-income countries, about HPV risks as a sexually transmitted disease and the availability of affordable vaccines in government clinics.

宫颈癌是发病和死亡的主要原因，尤其是在中低收入国家。本综述综合了过去十年（2015-2024 年）中积累的有关宫颈癌、HPV 感染和 HPV 疫苗接种的现有知识，强调了全球在认识和预防策略方面的差异。教育水平与对 HPV 疫苗的认知度相关，但仅仅熟悉宫颈癌并不能确保了解其严重性。值得注意的是，在此期间，包括筛查和 HPV 检测在内的预防措施在各国之间存在显著差异。为了提高 HPV 疫苗的接种率，有必要开展有针对性的工作，教育妇女，尤其是中低收入国家的妇女，使她们了解 HPV 作为性传播疾病的风险，以及政府诊所可提供的经济实惠的疫苗。

引用次数: 0

Deciphering glioblastoma: Unveiling imaging markers for predicting MGMT promoter methylation status 解密胶质母细胞瘤：揭示预测 MGMT 启动子甲基化状态的成像标记。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101156

Eric Hexem , Taha Abd-ElSalam Ashraf Taha , Yaseen Dhemesh , Mohammad Aneel Baqar , Ayman Nada

Glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults, is also among the most lethal. Despite a comprehensive treatment approach which utilizes surgery and postoperative chemoradiation, prognosis typically remains dismal. However certain epigenetic modifications, such as methylation of the MGMT promoter, have been proven to correlate with improved post-treatment outcomes. The 2021 WHO classification emphasizes molecular characteristics, highlighting shared genomic alterations across different grades and positioning MGMT methylation as a key influencer of outcomes. A combined diagnostic approach involving current imaging technology and emerging radiomics and deep learning models may allow for timely and accurate prediction of MGMT methylation status and therefore earlier and more individualized treatment and prognostication. Though these advanced radiomics models are rapidly emerging, additional development, standardization, and implementation may lead to a higher and more individualized level of patient care. This review explores the potential of imaging features in predicting MGMT promoter methylation, a critical determinant of therapeutic response and patient outcomes.

胶质母细胞瘤是成人中枢神经系统最常见的原发性恶性肿瘤，也是最致命的肿瘤之一。尽管采用了手术和术后化疗的综合治疗方法，但预后通常仍然不容乐观。不过，某些表观遗传学修饰（如 MGMT 启动子的甲基化）已被证实与改善治疗后的预后相关。2021 年世卫组织的分类强调了分子特征，突出了不同等级的共同基因组改变，并将 MGMT 甲基化定位为影响预后的关键因素。将目前的成像技术与新兴的放射组学和深度学习模型相结合的诊断方法可及时、准确地预测 MGMT 甲基化状态，从而更早、更个体化地进行治疗和预后判断。虽然这些先进的放射组学模型正在迅速崛起，但进一步的开发、标准化和实施可能会带来更高水平和更个性化的患者护理。本综述探讨了成像特征在预测 MGMT 启动子甲基化方面的潜力，MGMT 启动子甲基化是决定治疗反应和患者预后的关键因素。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring patient stratification in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using machine learning techniques: Preliminary results 利用机器学习技术探索头颈部鳞状细胞癌患者分层：初步结果。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101154

Giovanni Lilloni , Giuseppe Perlangeli , Francesca Noci , Silvano Ferrari , Alessandro Dal Palù , Tito Poli

Background

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its inherent heterogeneity. Traditional staging systems, such as TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis), provide limited information regarding patient outcomes and treatment responses. There is a need for a more robust system to improve patient stratification.

Method

In this study, we utilized advanced statistical techniques to explore patient stratification beyond the limitations of TNM staging. A comprehensive dataset, including clinical, radiomic, genomic, and pathological data, was analyzed. The methodology involved correlation analysis of variable pairs and triples, followed by clustering techniques.

Results

The analysis revealed that HNSCC subpopulations exhibit distinct characteristics, which challenge the conventional one-size-fits-all approach.

Conclusion

This study underscores the potential for personalized treatment strategies based on comprehensive patient profiling, offering a pathway towards more individualized therapeutic interventions.

背景：头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）因其固有的异质性，给肿瘤学带来了巨大挑战。传统的分期系统，如 TNM（肿瘤、结节、转移），只能提供有关患者预后和治疗反应的有限信息。我们需要一个更强大的系统来改善患者分层：在这项研究中，我们利用先进的统计技术来探索超越 TNM 分期局限的患者分层。我们对包括临床、放射学、基因组学和病理学数据在内的综合数据集进行了分析。分析方法包括变量对和变量三的相关性分析，以及聚类技术：结果：分析表明，HNSCC 亚群表现出不同的特征，这对传统的 "一刀切 "方法提出了挑战：结论：这项研究强调了基于患者综合特征分析的个性化治疗策略的潜力，为实现更加个性化的治疗干预提供了途径。

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引用次数: 0

Current landscape of targeted therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 食管鳞状细胞癌靶向治疗的现状。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101152

Amane Jubashi , Daisuke Kotani , Takashi Kojima , Naoko Takebe , Kohei Shitara

Esophageal cancer is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide and is primarily categorized into adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with the predominant histological type varying by region. In Western countries, including the United States, adenocarcinoma is more prevalent, whereas in East Asian countries, SCC is more common, with it constituting 86% of cases in Japan. Although there has been an increasing trend of adenocarcinoma in Western populations, SCC still accounts for the majority of esophageal cancer cases globally. Cytotoxic chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment, however, targeted therapies including EGFR, FGFR, PI3K, or CDK4/6, despite showing preliminary efficacy signals, have not yet received regulatory approval. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown therapeutic efficacy and have been approved as a monotherapy or combination therapy for advanced esophageal SCC (ESCC). Although PD-L1 expression is the only clinically applicable biomarker for first-line therapy with ICIs in ESCC, responses to ICIs are various, and novel predictive biomarkers are under investigation. Furthermore, novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) hold promise for advanced ESCC. This review includes the current landscape and future perspectives of potential targeted therapy for advanced ESCC.

食管癌是全球第七大常见恶性肿瘤，主要分为腺癌和鳞状细胞癌（SCC），主要组织学类型因地区而异。在包括美国在内的西方国家，腺癌更为常见，而在东亚国家，鳞状细胞癌更为常见，在日本，鳞状细胞癌占病例的 86%。虽然腺癌在西方人群中呈上升趋势，但在全球食管癌病例中，SCC 仍占大多数。细胞毒性化疗一直是治疗的主流，然而，包括表皮生长因子受体、表皮生长因子受体、PI3K 或 CDK4/6 在内的靶向疗法尽管显示出初步疗效信号，但尚未获得监管部门批准。最近，免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）显示出了疗效，并被批准作为晚期食管 SCC（ESCC）的单一疗法或联合疗法。虽然 PD-L1 表达是 ESCC 使用 ICIs 一线治疗的唯一临床适用生物标志物，但对 ICIs 的反应多种多样，新型预测性生物标志物也在研究之中。此外，新型抗体药物结合物（ADC）有望用于晚期 ESCC。本综述介绍了晚期ESCC潜在靶向治疗的现状和未来前景。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term clinical outcomes after the second metastasectomy in patients with resected metastatic colorectal cancer 切除转移性结直肠癌患者第二次转移切除术后的长期临床疗效。

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current Problems in Cancer

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101151

Songji Choi , Minsu Kang , Ji-Won Kim , Jin Won Kim , Jae Hyun Jeon , Heung-Kwon Oh , Hae Won Lee , Jai Young Cho , Duck-Woo Kim , Sukki Cho , Jee Hyun Kim , Kwhanmien Kim , Sung-Bum Kang , Sanghoon Jheon , Keun-Wook Lee

Purpose

Primary tumor resection and metastasectomy are curative for metastatic colorectal cancer. However, there is still a paucity of data regarding the clinical outcomes and risk factors after disease recurrence and second metastasectomy.

Materials and Methods

We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent the second metastasectomy. In addition, risk factors for the outcomes were analyzed.

Results

A total of 94 patients (39 females and 55 males) received a second metastasectomy after the recurrence. Recurrent sites included the lung (47 patients), liver (36 patients), both lung and liver (four patients), and non-lung/non-liver (seven patients). Among them, 89 (94.7 %) patients achieved R0 resection, while three (3.2 %) and two (2.1 %) patients achieved R1 and R2 resections, respectively. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 42.8±5.3 % and 67.2±4.9 %, respectively. Multivariable analysis for DFS identified that primary rectal cancer (hazard ratio [HR] 0.45, P=0.033) and disease-free interval after the first metastasectomy of ≥12 months (HR 0.39, P=0.002) were good predictive factors; in contrast, non-lung/non-liver metastasis (HR 3.32, P=0.020) was a poor predictive factor. Multivariable analysis for OS showed that age ≥70 years (HR 3.27, P=0.011), non-lung/non-liver metastasis (HR 4.04, P=0.024), and lesion number ≥2 (HR 2.25, P=0.023) were poor prognostic factors.

Conclusion

Patients who underwent a second metastasectomy had a long-term disease-free state and good OS. Our data suggest that a second metastasectomy should be considered if a patient has a limited number of metastases confined to the liver and/or lung and long DFS after the first metastasectomy.

目的：原发肿瘤切除术和转移灶切除术可治愈转移性结直肠癌。然而，关于疾病复发和二次转移切除术后的临床结果和风险因素的数据仍然很少：我们回顾性评估了接受二次转移切除术患者的临床结局。此外，还分析了影响结果的风险因素：共有 94 名患者（39 名女性和 55 名男性）在复发后接受了第二次转移灶切除术。复发部位包括肺部（47 例）、肝脏（36 例）、肺部和肝脏（4 例）以及非肺部/非肝脏（7 例）。其中，89 名（94.7%）患者实现了 R0 切除，3 名（3.2%）和 2 名（2.1%）患者分别实现了 R1 和 R2 切除。5年无病生存率（DFS）和总生存率（OS）分别为（42.8±5.3%）和（67.2±4.9%）。DFS的多变量分析表明，原发性直肠癌（危险比[HR] 0.45，P=0.033）和首次转移灶切除术后无病间隔≥12个月（HR 0.39，P=0.002）是良好的预测因素；相比之下，非肺/非肝转移（HR 3.32，P=0.020）是不良的预测因素。OS的多变量分析显示，年龄≥70岁（HR 3.27，P=0.011）、非肺/非肝转移（HR 4.04，P=0.024）和病灶数≥2（HR 2.25，P=0.023）是不良预后因素：结论：接受第二次转移灶切除术的患者具有长期无病状态和良好的OS。我们的数据表明，如果患者的转移灶局限于肝脏和/或肺部，且第一次转移灶切除术后的DFS较长，则应考虑进行第二次转移灶切除术。

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