Pub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101201
Mingqi Zhang , Jing Yu , Liang Qin , Jiayi Wu
Background
HR+/HER2+ breast cancer are exposed to high late-recurrence risk. CTS5 is widely used in predicting late recurrence of HR+/HER2- patients. This study aims to explore the application of CTS5 in HR+/HER2+ patients and develop a novel model with greater predictive efficacy.
Methods
We collect 26605 HR+/HER2+ breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 from SEER database. The main survival outcome was breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) after 5 years of diagnosis. CTS5 score was calculated. Survival analysis was performed. Cox regression identified significant clinicopathological parameters, which were used to construct a nomogram.
Results
Patients were stratified into CTS5 low- (n = 10,217, 38.4%), intermediate- (n = 9,257, 34.8%) and high-risk (n = 7,131, 26.8%) groups. Patients in CTS5 high-risk subgroup were more likely to be older at diagnosis, postmenopausal and have tumors with higher TN stage and grades (all p < 0.001). High-risk patients showed worse BCSS compared with intermediate- and low-risk patients (cumulative hazard: BCSS, 7.4%, 3.2% and 1.7%, p < 0.001). Cox regression suggested age, TN stage, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were BCSS associated (all p < 0.001) while grade wasn't. A nomogram based on age, tumor size and lymph nodes was constructed. The AUC values of the ROC curves for 6, 8, and 10-year BCSS were 0.687, 0.698, and 0.700. The nomogram demonstrated a significantly higher likelihood ratio statistic compared to CTS5 (518.9 vs. 483.8, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
We confirmed the prognostic value of CTS5 in HR+/HER2+ breast cancer and developed a new nomogram with superior predictive performance for long-term prognosis compared to CTS5.
{"title":"Beyond CTS5 score: A novel nomogram predicting long-term prognosis in patients with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer","authors":"Mingqi Zhang , Jing Yu , Liang Qin , Jiayi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>HR+/HER2+ breast cancer are exposed to high late-recurrence risk. CTS5 is widely used in predicting late recurrence of HR+/HER2- patients. This study aims to explore the application of CTS5 in HR+/HER2+ patients and develop a novel model with greater predictive efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collect 26605 HR+/HER2+ breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 from SEER database. The main survival outcome was breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) after 5 years of diagnosis. CTS5 score was calculated. Survival analysis was performed. Cox regression identified significant clinicopathological parameters, which were used to construct a nomogram.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients were stratified into CTS5 low- (<em>n</em> = 10,217, 38.4%), intermediate- (<em>n</em> = 9,257, 34.8%) and high-risk (<em>n</em> = 7,131, 26.8%) groups. Patients in CTS5 high-risk subgroup were more likely to be older at diagnosis, postmenopausal and have tumors with higher TN stage and grades (all <em>p</em> < 0.001). High-risk patients showed worse BCSS compared with intermediate- and low-risk patients (cumulative hazard: BCSS, 7.4%, 3.2% and 1.7%, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Cox regression suggested age, TN stage, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were BCSS associated (all <em>p</em> < 0.001) while grade wasn't. A nomogram based on age, tumor size and lymph nodes was constructed. The AUC values of the ROC curves for 6, 8, and 10-year BCSS were 0.687, 0.698, and 0.700. The nomogram demonstrated a significantly higher likelihood ratio statistic compared to CTS5 (518.9 vs. 483.8, <em>p</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We confirmed the prognostic value of CTS5 in HR+/HER2+ breast cancer and developed a new nomogram with superior predictive performance for long-term prognosis compared to CTS5.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00019-4
{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00019-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00019-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naïve non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is commonly treated with transurethral resection (TURBT), but recurrence and progression remain concerns.
This meta-analysis, the first we have conducted on this topic, compared recurrence and progression rates between patients treated with neoadjuvant Mitomycin C (MMC) and the control group (TURBT alone).
Methods
Relevant articles were identified and appraised through a structured literature assessment. Databases searched included PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Science Direct. Duplicate publications, book sections, conference papers, encyclopedias, case reports, magazine articles, presentations, theses, protocols, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2.
Key findings and limitations
The meta-analysis evaluated recurrence rates, progression rates, and adverse events. No heterogeneity was observed (I2=0 %). The pooled odd ratio (OR) for recurrence was 2.554 (95 % CI: 1.637-3.986), indicating a significant decrease in recurrence for the MMC group (P < 0.001). For progression rates, the overall pooled OR was 1.508 (95 % CI: 0.832-2.734), suggesting that the MMC group showed a lower progression rate. However, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.176).Adverse events varied, with the MMC group showing fewer cases of hematuria (8.4 % vs. 34 %) but more irritative bladder symptoms.
Conclusions and Clinical Implications
The meta-analysis suggests lower recurrence and progression rates in the neoadjuvant MMC group compared to the control group. Both groups experienced a comparable range of adverse events, suggesting that both treatment approaches exhibit a similar safety profile. Larger and more randomized controlled trials (RCT) are needed to confirm MMC's effectiveness in NIMBC treatment and establish its role in clinical practice.
{"title":"Assessing the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant intravesical Mitomycin C in naïve non-muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Anuja Thakur , Lalit Kumar , Sakshi Agarwal , Rachana Tripathy , Yashasvi Singh , Sameer Trivedi , Ujwal Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objective</h3><div>Naïve non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is commonly treated with transurethral resection (TURBT), but recurrence and progression remain concerns.</div><div>This meta-analysis, the first we have conducted on this topic, compared recurrence and progression rates between patients treated with neoadjuvant Mitomycin C (MMC) and the control group (TURBT alone).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant articles were identified and appraised through a structured literature assessment. Databases searched included PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Science Direct. Duplicate publications, book sections, conference papers, encyclopedias, case reports, magazine articles, presentations, theses, protocols, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I<sup>2</sup>.</div></div><div><h3>Key findings and limitations</h3><div>The meta-analysis evaluated recurrence rates, progression rates, and adverse events. No heterogeneity was observed (I<sup>2</sup>=0 %). The pooled odd ratio (OR) for recurrence was 2.554 (95 % CI: 1.637-3.986), indicating a significant decrease in recurrence for the MMC group (<em>P</em> < 0.001). For progression rates, the overall pooled OR was 1.508 (95 % CI: 0.832-2.734), suggesting that the MMC group showed a lower progression rate. However, this difference was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> = 0.176).Adverse events varied, with the MMC group showing fewer cases of hematuria (8.4 % vs. 34 %) but more irritative bladder symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Clinical Implications</h3><div>The meta-analysis suggests lower recurrence and progression rates in the neoadjuvant MMC group compared to the control group. Both groups experienced a comparable range of adverse events, suggesting that both treatment approaches exhibit a similar safety profile. Larger and more randomized controlled trials (RCT) are needed to confirm MMC's effectiveness in NIMBC treatment and establish its role in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101197
An Thi Thanh Dao , Nhi Thuy To , Chau Hoan Nguyen , Khai Dinh Truong , Tuan Diep Tran , Soh Shui Yen , Amos Loh Hong Pheng , Michelle Hermiston , Phi Duong Nguyen
Background
Extracranial malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs) generally exhibit favorable outcomes with contemporary therapeutic approaches. However, the outcomes of pediatric GCTs in Vietnam remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the clinical features, treatment modalities, and prognostic factors associated with survival outcomes in children with GCTs treated at Children's Hospital Number 2 (CH2) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving pediatric patients with GCTs treated at CH2 between January 1, 2011, and July 30, 2019. Data were extracted from medical records and entered into REDCap for analysis using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY). Descriptive statistics were reported as mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise specified. Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was employed to assess the significance of potential prognostic factors.
Results
A total of 69 patients with a median age of 25 months were included in the study. Of these, 48 (69.9 %) had gonadal tumors, and 21 (30.4 %) had extragonadal tumors. The median alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level at diagnosis was 2,589 kU/L, with 26 (37.7 %) patients presenting with AFP levels exceeding 10,000 kU/L. All patients underwent surgical resection followed by platinum-based chemotherapy (carboplatin in 92.8 % and cisplatin in 7.2 %). The incidence of grade 3-4 toxicities (neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia) varied between 3.5 % and 19.4 % per chemotherapy cycle. The mean follow-up duration was 53.3 months, with a relapse rate of 5.8 % and an abandonment rate of 11.6 %. The 5-year OS and EFS rates were 92.5 % and 91 %, respectively. EFS was significantly higher in patients with gonadal tumors compared to those with extragonadal tumors (95.7 % vs 84.4 %, p = 0.035). Additionally, OS was significantly better in patients with stage I-II tumors compared to those with stage III-IV (100 % vs 86.2 %, p = 0.03), in patients with AFP levels <10,000 kU/L compared to those with AFP >10,000 kU/L (97.6 % vs 84 %, p = 0.041), and in patients who did not abandon treatment (94.9 % vs 77 %, p = 0.044).
Conclusions
The outcomes of pediatric extracranial malignant germ cell tumors in this cohort were excellent, with relatively low early treatment-related toxicity. Reducing treatment abandonment and identifying high-risk patients for intensified therapy may further improve survival outcomes in this setting.
背景：颅外恶性生殖细胞瘤（gct）在现代治疗方法中通常表现出良好的预后。然而，越南儿童gct的结果仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估在越南胡志明市第二儿童医院（CH2）治疗的gct儿童的临床特征、治疗方式和与生存结果相关的预后因素。方法：我们对2011年1月1日至2019年7月30日期间在CH2接受gct治疗的儿科患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究。从医疗记录中提取数据，并输入REDCap，使用SPSS 20.0版（IBM Corporation, Armonk， NY）进行分析。除非另有说明，描述性统计以平均值±标准差报告。采用Kaplan-Meier法估计总生存率（OS）和无事件生存率（EFS），并采用log-rank检验评估潜在预后因素的重要性。结果：共有69例患者纳入研究，中位年龄为25个月。其中48例（69.9%）为性腺肿瘤，21例（30.4%）为角外肿瘤。诊断时甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平中位数为2589 kU/L， 26例（37.7%）患者AFP水平超过10,000 kU/L。所有患者均行手术切除，随后行铂类化疗（卡铂占92.8%，顺铂占7.2%）。3-4级毒性（中性粒细胞减少症、发热性中性粒细胞减少症和血小板减少症）的发生率在每个化疗周期的3.5%至19.4%之间变化。平均随访53.3个月，复发率5.8%，放弃率11.6%。5年OS和EFS分别为92.5%和91%。性腺肿瘤患者的EFS明显高于角外肿瘤患者（95.7% vs 84.4%, p = 0.035）。此外，I-II期肿瘤患者的OS明显优于III-IV期肿瘤患者（100% vs 86.2%, p = 0.03）， AFP水平为10,000 kU/L的患者（97.6% vs 84%, p = 0.041），以及未放弃治疗的患者（94.9% vs 77%, p = 0.044）。结论：该队列中儿童颅外恶性生殖细胞肿瘤的预后良好，早期治疗相关毒性相对较低。在这种情况下，减少放弃治疗和确定高危患者进行强化治疗可能会进一步改善生存结果。
{"title":"The outcomes of pediatric extracranial malignant germ cell tumors: A decade of experience from a single institution in Southern Vietnam","authors":"An Thi Thanh Dao , Nhi Thuy To , Chau Hoan Nguyen , Khai Dinh Truong , Tuan Diep Tran , Soh Shui Yen , Amos Loh Hong Pheng , Michelle Hermiston , Phi Duong Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Extracranial malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs) generally exhibit favorable outcomes with contemporary therapeutic approaches. However, the outcomes of pediatric GCTs in Vietnam remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the clinical features, treatment modalities, and prognostic factors associated with survival outcomes in children with GCTs treated at Children's Hospital Number 2 (CH2) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving pediatric patients with GCTs treated at CH2 between January 1, 2011, and July 30, 2019. Data were extracted from medical records and entered into REDCap for analysis using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY). Descriptive statistics were reported as mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise specified. Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was employed to assess the significance of potential prognostic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 69 patients with a median age of 25 months were included in the study. Of these, 48 (69.9 %) had gonadal tumors, and 21 (30.4 %) had extragonadal tumors. The median alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level at diagnosis was 2,589 kU/L, with 26 (37.7 %) patients presenting with AFP levels exceeding 10,000 kU/L. All patients underwent surgical resection followed by platinum-based chemotherapy (carboplatin in 92.8 % and cisplatin in 7.2 %). The incidence of grade 3-4 toxicities (neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia) varied between 3.5 % and 19.4 % per chemotherapy cycle. The mean follow-up duration was 53.3 months, with a relapse rate of 5.8 % and an abandonment rate of 11.6 %. The 5-year OS and EFS rates were 92.5 % and 91 %, respectively. EFS was significantly higher in patients with gonadal tumors compared to those with extragonadal tumors (95.7 % vs 84.4 %, <em>p</em> = 0.035). Additionally, OS was significantly better in patients with stage I-II tumors compared to those with stage III-IV (100 % vs 86.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03), in patients with AFP levels <10,000 kU/L compared to those with AFP >10,000 kU/L (97.6 % vs 84 %, <em>p</em> = 0.041), and in patients who did not abandon treatment (94.9 % vs 77 %, <em>p</em> = 0.044).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The outcomes of pediatric extracranial malignant germ cell tumors in this cohort were excellent, with relatively low early treatment-related toxicity. Reducing treatment abandonment and identifying high-risk patients for intensified therapy may further improve survival outcomes in this setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101184
Shelby Marozoff , Mohammad Ehsanul Karim , Michael Asamoah-Boaheng , Trevor J.B. Dummer
Background
Several reproductive factors, including parity and age at menarche, have been identified as risk factors for uterine cancers. However, the association between maternal age at first birth and uterine cancer remains conflicting.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included females aged 20 years and older with at least one live birth across eight National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2003–2018). We used design-adjusted logistic regression, with multiple imputation for missing data, to explore the association of age at first birth and uterine cancer. As a sensitivity analysis, the sample was restricted to post-menopausal females; logistic regression analyses were repeated.
Results
Among 7095 participants, 104 had uterine cancer. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for uterine cancer for participants with a first live birth at ≥25 years was 0.66 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.33–1.35) compared to those with a first birth at <20 years. For participants with a first birth between 20–24 years, the aOR was 0.93 (95 % CI: 0.51–1.69). Multiple imputation and sensitivity analyses yielded similar non-significant results.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest no statistically significant association between maternal age at first live birth and uterine cancer, aligning with existing literature. Further research is needed to explore other reproductive factors and their role in uterine cancer risk.
{"title":"Maternal age at first birth and uterine cancer risk: A comprehensive analysis using NHANES data (2003–2018)","authors":"Shelby Marozoff , Mohammad Ehsanul Karim , Michael Asamoah-Boaheng , Trevor J.B. Dummer","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Several reproductive factors, including parity and age at menarche, have been identified as risk factors for uterine cancers. However, the association between maternal age at first birth and uterine cancer remains conflicting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included females aged 20 years and older with at least one live birth across eight National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2003–2018). We used design-adjusted logistic regression, with multiple imputation for missing data, to explore the association of age at first birth and uterine cancer. As a sensitivity analysis, the sample was restricted to post-menopausal females; logistic regression analyses were repeated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 7095 participants, 104 had uterine cancer. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for uterine cancer for participants with a first live birth at ≥25 years was 0.66 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.33–1.35) compared to those with a first birth at <20 years. For participants with a first birth between 20–24 years, the aOR was 0.93 (95 % CI: 0.51–1.69). Multiple imputation and sensitivity analyses yielded similar non-significant results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest no statistically significant association between maternal age at first live birth and uterine cancer, aligning with existing literature. Further research is needed to explore other reproductive factors and their role in uterine cancer risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101160
Mark Willy L. Mondia , Anisah Hayaminnah D. Alonto , Nicole Girlyn T. Pang , Francis Manuel L. Resma , Al Joseph R. Molina , John Kenneth V. Gacula , Arnel E. Pauco , Annabell E. Chua , Julette Marie F. Batara
Background
Thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (TI-SPECT) imaging has been used historically to distinguish malignant cerebral neoplasms from infectious etiologies.
Objectives
Our study aims to conduct a retrospective study, review existing literature, and perform meta-analysis on the use of TI-SPECT to differentiate malignant from non-malignant nervous system lesions when other advanced imaging modalities are not available, such as in resource-limited setting.
Methods
A retrospective study on the use of TI-SPECT in differentiating malignant versus non-malignant nervous system lesions was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in the Philippines.
A systematic review of relevant studies regarding TI-SPECT for the central nervous system was also done. Meta-analysis was performed to generate pooled sensitivity and specificity.
Results
A total of 19 patients from 2 institutions were included in the analysis. Data from Philippine General Hospital showed a sensitivity of 83% (95% CI: 36%, 100%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 16%, 100%), while St. Luke's Medical Center had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 40%, 100%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 48%, 100%).
Thirty-two (32) articles were qualitatively described and 24 datasets were subjected to meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 89% (95% CI: 81%-94%) and 81% (95% CI: 73%-87%), respectively with an area under the curve (AUC) for diagnostic accuracy of 92%.
Conclusion
TI-SPECT imaging may be a potential diagnostic tool to discriminate malignant from non-malignant nervous system lesions when advanced imaging modalities such as PET/ MRI are not available. Due to the heterogeneity of the population in the studies included in both the quantitative and qualitative analyses, further studies are needed to validate these findings.
{"title":"Thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography for the differentiation of malignant versus non-malignant intracranial space-occupying lesions in developing countries","authors":"Mark Willy L. Mondia , Anisah Hayaminnah D. Alonto , Nicole Girlyn T. Pang , Francis Manuel L. Resma , Al Joseph R. Molina , John Kenneth V. Gacula , Arnel E. Pauco , Annabell E. Chua , Julette Marie F. Batara","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (TI-SPECT) imaging has been used historically to distinguish malignant cerebral neoplasms from infectious etiologies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Our study aims to conduct a retrospective study, review existing literature, and perform meta-analysis on the use of TI-SPECT to differentiate malignant from non-malignant nervous system lesions when other advanced imaging modalities are not available, such as in resource-limited setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study on the use of TI-SPECT in differentiating malignant versus non-malignant nervous system lesions was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in the Philippines.</div><div>A systematic review of relevant studies regarding TI-SPECT for the central nervous system was also done. Meta-analysis was performed to generate pooled sensitivity and specificity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 19 patients from 2 institutions were included in the analysis. Data from Philippine General Hospital showed a sensitivity of 83% (95% CI: 36%, 100%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 16%, 100%), while St. Luke's Medical Center had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 40%, 100%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 48%, 100%).</div><div>Thirty-two (32) articles were qualitatively described and 24 datasets were subjected to meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 89% (95% CI: 81%-94%) and 81% (95% CI: 73%-87%), respectively with an area under the curve (AUC) for diagnostic accuracy of 92%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TI-SPECT imaging may be a potential diagnostic tool to discriminate malignant from non-malignant nervous system lesions when advanced imaging modalities such as PET/ MRI are not available. Due to the heterogeneity of the population in the studies included in both the quantitative and qualitative analyses, further studies are needed to validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101173
Ayushi Jain, Shalini Gupta
Objectives
To evaluate whether recorded cases of oral cancer in India align with actual prevalence, identify gaps in screening efforts, and propose strategies for effective nationwide screening and surveying initiatives.
Study Design
A comprehensive review of secondary data, including global and national surveys, government statistics, and published studies, to analyze the prevalence of oral cancer and tobacco use and identify barriers to screening.
Methods
Data from GLOBOCAN 2022, National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5), Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2 (GATS-2), and related studies were analyzed to assess oral cancer prevalence, tobacco usage, and screening participation. The study examined screening uptake by demographic and geographic factors, challenges in program implementation, and cost-effective strategies for improving screening outreach.
Results
Oral cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in India, with 143,759 new cases and a mortality rate of 8.7%. However, screening participation is low, with only 1.2% of men and 0.9% of women screened, varying widely across states. Tobacco use is widespread, with 29% of adults consuming tobacco, often starting at a young age, and involuntary smokeless tobacco use remains prevalent due to its incorporation into dental care products. Studies show that mass or high-risk group screening, conducted every 10 years, can significantly reduce oral cancer mortality. Challenges such as lack of awareness, inadequate healthcare infrastructure in rural areas, and insufficient trained professionals hinder effective screening.
Conclusions
The disparity between recorded and actual oral cancer cases necessitates nationwide screening programs, particularly targeting individuals under 30. Telemedicine, community-based strategies, and the involvement of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) and volunteers can address barriers, enhance early detection, and reduce oral cancer burden in India. These measures will help guide future national survey programs and improve oral health outcomes.
{"title":"Do the recorded cases of oral cancer correspond to the actual numbers in India: The necessity of properly designed screening and surveying initiatives","authors":"Ayushi Jain, Shalini Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate whether recorded cases of oral cancer in India align with actual prevalence, identify gaps in screening efforts, and propose strategies for effective nationwide screening and surveying initiatives.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>A comprehensive review of secondary data, including global and national surveys, government statistics, and published studies, to analyze the prevalence of oral cancer and tobacco use and identify barriers to screening.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from GLOBOCAN 2022, National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5), Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2 (GATS-2), and related studies were analyzed to assess oral cancer prevalence, tobacco usage, and screening participation. The study examined screening uptake by demographic and geographic factors, challenges in program implementation, and cost-effective strategies for improving screening outreach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Oral cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in India, with 143,759 new cases and a mortality rate of 8.7%. However, screening participation is low, with only 1.2% of men and 0.9% of women screened, varying widely across states. Tobacco use is widespread, with 29% of adults consuming tobacco, often starting at a young age, and involuntary smokeless tobacco use remains prevalent due to its incorporation into dental care products. Studies show that mass or high-risk group screening, conducted every 10 years, can significantly reduce oral cancer mortality. Challenges such as lack of awareness, inadequate healthcare infrastructure in rural areas, and insufficient trained professionals hinder effective screening.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The disparity between recorded and actual oral cancer cases necessitates nationwide screening programs, particularly targeting individuals under 30. Telemedicine, community-based strategies, and the involvement of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) and volunteers can address barriers, enhance early detection, and reduce oral cancer burden in India. These measures will help guide future national survey programs and improve oral health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101155
Wen Zhang , Ying-Tong Lin , Jing-Wen Jiang , Yan Hu
Gynecological tumors, primarily ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC), and endometrial cancer (EC), have a significant global impact on women's health, characterized by high mortality rates. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of altered glucose metabolism in the initiation and progression of these malignancies. Glucose metabolism, encompassing glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), among others, is intricately governed by a spectrum of key enzymes. These enzymes drive metabolic reprogramming essential for tumor growth and survival, thereby influencing patient outcomes and clinical management strategies. However, the comprehensive characterization and summary of the expression profiles, regulatory networks involved, and functional roles of these glucose metabolic enzymes in human gynecological tumors remain incomplete. In this review, we systematically map the expression landscape of these critical glucose metabolic enzymes in gynecological cancers based on research utilizing clinical gynecological tumor tissues. Additionally, we summarize the specific functions of key enzymes of glucose metabolism and the pathways they regulate in gynecological tumors. This review provides profound insights into the metabolic dynamics underlying these diseases. This understanding illuminates the metabolic strategies employed by tumor cells and sets the stage for innovative therapeutic approaches targeting cancer cell glucose metabolic dependencies, thereby holding promise for enhancing patient outcomes in gynecological oncology.
{"title":"Mapping the expression and functional landscape of key enzymes in glucose metabolism within human gynecological tumors","authors":"Wen Zhang , Ying-Tong Lin , Jing-Wen Jiang , Yan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gynecological tumors, primarily ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC), and endometrial cancer (EC), have a significant global impact on women's health, characterized by high mortality rates. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of altered glucose metabolism in the initiation and progression of these malignancies. Glucose metabolism, encompassing glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), among others, is intricately governed by a spectrum of key enzymes. These enzymes drive metabolic reprogramming essential for tumor growth and survival, thereby influencing patient outcomes and clinical management strategies. However, the comprehensive characterization and summary of the expression profiles, regulatory networks involved, and functional roles of these glucose metabolic enzymes in human gynecological tumors remain incomplete. In this review, we systematically map the expression landscape of these critical glucose metabolic enzymes in gynecological cancers based on research utilizing clinical gynecological tumor tissues. Additionally, we summarize the specific functions of key enzymes of glucose metabolism and the pathways they regulate in gynecological tumors. This review provides profound insights into the metabolic dynamics underlying these diseases. This understanding illuminates the metabolic strategies employed by tumor cells and sets the stage for innovative therapeutic approaches targeting cancer cell glucose metabolic dependencies, thereby holding promise for enhancing patient outcomes in gynecological oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00004-2
{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00004-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00004-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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