Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2222692
{"title":"Commentary: Personal reflections on the history and development of the Canadian Water Resources Association, Rick Ross, former Executive Director (2005–2017)","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2222692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2222692","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43075975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-07DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2218328
Hamid Gozini, Samantha Wilson, Masoud Asadzadeh, Kevin Lees, SuJin Kim
For cold regions, an ice cover reduces channel conveyance and hydroelectricity generation potential. Therefore, predicting the impact of ice cover on a river-reservoir system is of critical importance for hydro producers. Ice impact can be described using historical records, where typical conditions are characterized by a daily median ice factor (IF) curve. The daily median IF curve works well only for past years with typical climatic conditions. Moreover, the median curve would not respond to climate-induced changes in the ice cover. In this research, a novel statistical (ST) model, named ST-IF, is developed to simulate the impact of river ice on the conveyance of the Nelson River West Channel (NRWC) as a function of daily air temperature. ST-IF uses a series of statistically based functions, including regression and threshold functions to estimate different characteristics of IF, such as its initial and peak values, and its daily distribution during ice-on period. Model performance was evaluated against historical records and the daily median value of the ice cover impact. Results showed that ST-IF significantly improved the simulation of each year-specific IF curve in NRWC compared to the daily median curve. Moreover, the model was used to predict the impact of ice cover under future climate conditions using 19 climate simulations. Results showed that, due to the predicted warmer future, ice cover is expected to take longer to fully form. This leads to longer Ice Stabilization Program duration, higher program implementation cost, and potential additional downstream stakeholder impacts. In addition, earlier ice impact peak date, shorter ice impact duration, and lower ice impact magnitude leading to overall higher winter hydroelectricity generation potential for Manitoba Hydro are expected in the future. Such future alterations intensify from near to far future time periods.
{"title":"Statistical modeling of ice cover impact on flow conveyance in the Nelson River West Channel","authors":"Hamid Gozini, Samantha Wilson, Masoud Asadzadeh, Kevin Lees, SuJin Kim","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2218328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2218328","url":null,"abstract":"For cold regions, an ice cover reduces channel conveyance and hydroelectricity generation potential. Therefore, predicting the impact of ice cover on a river-reservoir system is of critical importance for hydro producers. Ice impact can be described using historical records, where typical conditions are characterized by a daily median ice factor (IF) curve. The daily median IF curve works well only for past years with typical climatic conditions. Moreover, the median curve would not respond to climate-induced changes in the ice cover. In this research, a novel statistical (ST) model, named ST-IF, is developed to simulate the impact of river ice on the conveyance of the Nelson River West Channel (NRWC) as a function of daily air temperature. ST-IF uses a series of statistically based functions, including regression and threshold functions to estimate different characteristics of IF, such as its initial and peak values, and its daily distribution during ice-on period. Model performance was evaluated against historical records and the daily median value of the ice cover impact. Results showed that ST-IF significantly improved the simulation of each year-specific IF curve in NRWC compared to the daily median curve. Moreover, the model was used to predict the impact of ice cover under future climate conditions using 19 climate simulations. Results showed that, due to the predicted warmer future, ice cover is expected to take longer to fully form. This leads to longer Ice Stabilization Program duration, higher program implementation cost, and potential additional downstream stakeholder impacts. In addition, earlier ice impact peak date, shorter ice impact duration, and lower ice impact magnitude leading to overall higher winter hydroelectricity generation potential for Manitoba Hydro are expected in the future. Such future alterations intensify from near to far future time periods.","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"117 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135449260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2209547
B. O. Ma, Lars Uunila, Cedar Morton, F. Poulsen, C. Schwarz, Clint A. D. Alexander, Shaun Reimer, Kim Hyatt
{"title":"Updating inflow forecasts using empirical statistical matching for real-time prediction of daily net inflows to Okanagan Lake","authors":"B. O. Ma, Lars Uunila, Cedar Morton, F. Poulsen, C. Schwarz, Clint A. D. Alexander, Shaun Reimer, Kim Hyatt","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2209547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2209547","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47228716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2183143
Benita Y. Tam, Alex J. Cannon, B. Bonsal
Abstract Candidate probability distributions for the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for Canada were examined using the Canadian Gridded (CANGRD) temperature and precipitation dataset and CMIP5 projections. The probability distribution is a core component to the calculation of standardized values. For SPEI, a continuous probability distribution is fitted to the water balance time series so that the resulting transformed index follows a standard normal distribution. Selection of an appropriate distribution is therefore important as an inappropriate distribution may lead to biased values and subsequently affect the interpretation of SPEI results. Candidate distributions considered for SPEI included the generalized logistic (GLO), generalized extreme value (GEV), Pearson Type III (PE3) and normal (NOR) distributions. A range of goodness of fit tests were used to assess how well the distributions fit SPEI. Differences in CANGRD SPEI time series between three pairs of distributions, GLO-GEV, GLO-PE3, and GEV-PE3, showed that there were larger differences in SPEI values between GLO and the other two distributions than the difference between GEV and PE3. SPEI results fitted with GLO resulted in lower threshold exceedances of extreme SPEI (-/+2) than GEV and GLO. A comparison between CMIP5 SPEI values fitted with GLO (SPEI-GLO) and PE3 (SPEI-PE3) showed that there were seasonal and spatial variations in results, although the use of multi-model ensembles reduced these differences. As was the case for CMIP5 SPEI-GLO projections, projected annual changes in CMIP5 SPEI-PE3 show an increase in drying at the surface in central/southern Canada. Overall, the study recommends using PE3 or GEV for SPEI analysis for Canada.
{"title":"Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) for Canada: assessment of probability distributions","authors":"Benita Y. Tam, Alex J. Cannon, B. Bonsal","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2183143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2183143","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Candidate probability distributions for the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for Canada were examined using the Canadian Gridded (CANGRD) temperature and precipitation dataset and CMIP5 projections. The probability distribution is a core component to the calculation of standardized values. For SPEI, a continuous probability distribution is fitted to the water balance time series so that the resulting transformed index follows a standard normal distribution. Selection of an appropriate distribution is therefore important as an inappropriate distribution may lead to biased values and subsequently affect the interpretation of SPEI results. Candidate distributions considered for SPEI included the generalized logistic (GLO), generalized extreme value (GEV), Pearson Type III (PE3) and normal (NOR) distributions. A range of goodness of fit tests were used to assess how well the distributions fit SPEI. Differences in CANGRD SPEI time series between three pairs of distributions, GLO-GEV, GLO-PE3, and GEV-PE3, showed that there were larger differences in SPEI values between GLO and the other two distributions than the difference between GEV and PE3. SPEI results fitted with GLO resulted in lower threshold exceedances of extreme SPEI (-/+2) than GEV and GLO. A comparison between CMIP5 SPEI values fitted with GLO (SPEI-GLO) and PE3 (SPEI-PE3) showed that there were seasonal and spatial variations in results, although the use of multi-model ensembles reduced these differences. As was the case for CMIP5 SPEI-GLO projections, projected annual changes in CMIP5 SPEI-PE3 show an increase in drying at the surface in central/southern Canada. Overall, the study recommends using PE3 or GEV for SPEI analysis for Canada.","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"283 - 299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42386893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2197805
Christopher Spence, André St-Hilaire
"Editors’ note." Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressources hydriques, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), p. 1
“编者注。”加拿大水资源杂志/加拿大水利资源评论，未付印前，第1页
{"title":"Editors’ note","authors":"Christopher Spence, André St-Hilaire","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2197805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2197805","url":null,"abstract":"\"Editors’ note.\" Canadian Water Resources Journal / Revue canadienne des ressources hydriques, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), p. 1","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136001607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2194867
V. Kokulan, M. Morison, J. Plach, G. Ali, D. Lobb, M. Macrae
Abstract Agricultural fields in the Red River Valley of the Northern Great Plains are located on flat clay soils, often drained by shallow, roadside ditches that are not graded and lacking relief. These conditions can result in flow reversals and subsequent flooding of adjacent fields during large runoff events, which can mobilize phosphorus (P). Surface runoff from two agricultural fields and their adjacent ditches was monitored from 2015 to 2017 in southern Manitoba, Canada. Overbank flooding of fields adjacent to ditches was observed in 5 of 21 hydrologic events, and such events dominated annual runoff and P budgets (>83% of losses over the 3-year study period). Flooding events were often dominated by soluble P fractions (57–67%) relative to events where flooding was not observed (39–63%). Concentrations of soluble reactive P in water standing on fields increased with time during flooding events, suggesting that P was mobilized during such events; however, the source of the soluble reactive P is not clear. This study has highlighted temporal differences in hydrologic and biogeochemical interactions between fields and ditches and demonstrated the need for an improved understanding of mechanisms of P mobilization in the landscape, which has direct implications for predicting P mobility in agricultural watersheds.
{"title":"Phosphorus dynamics in agricultural surface runoff at the edge of the field and in ditches during overbank flooding conditions in the Red River Valley","authors":"V. Kokulan, M. Morison, J. Plach, G. Ali, D. Lobb, M. Macrae","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2194867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2194867","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Agricultural fields in the Red River Valley of the Northern Great Plains are located on flat clay soils, often drained by shallow, roadside ditches that are not graded and lacking relief. These conditions can result in flow reversals and subsequent flooding of adjacent fields during large runoff events, which can mobilize phosphorus (P). Surface runoff from two agricultural fields and their adjacent ditches was monitored from 2015 to 2017 in southern Manitoba, Canada. Overbank flooding of fields adjacent to ditches was observed in 5 of 21 hydrologic events, and such events dominated annual runoff and P budgets (>83% of losses over the 3-year study period). Flooding events were often dominated by soluble P fractions (57–67%) relative to events where flooding was not observed (39–63%). Concentrations of soluble reactive P in water standing on fields increased with time during flooding events, suggesting that P was mobilized during such events; however, the source of the soluble reactive P is not clear. This study has highlighted temporal differences in hydrologic and biogeochemical interactions between fields and ditches and demonstrated the need for an improved understanding of mechanisms of P mobilization in the landscape, which has direct implications for predicting P mobility in agricultural watersheds.","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"327 - 339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45118889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2216454
Habiba Ferchichi, A. St‐Hilaire
Abstract River temperature is a key variable for water quality assessment. It can alter different chemical water properties. Indeed, it is considered as determining criterion in the adequacy of cold water fish habitat, and the overall health of the river ecosystem and aquatic biota. Consequently, monitoring this variable and understanding the river thermal variation are highly important. Temperature monitoring along the rivers is often done by deploying autonomous temperature loggers. However, recently, temperature sensors were installed at hydrometric stations in conjunction with water level gauges for monitoring the river temperature, thereby providing an opportunity to expand the temperature network across the region and eventually, the country. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted to find if the temperatures at the hydrometric station are representative of the river thermal variation upstream and downstream of that location. This comparative analysis was completed using a number of different statistical tools: entropy analysis, Gaussian function fit, and thermal sensitivity analysis. These statistical analyses confirm that temperature loggers that are collocated with the level gauges at hydrometric stations are generally representative of the thermal variation of the river main stem over a distance of a few tens of kilometres. However, the thermal variation observed in temperature loggers located at distances of the order of 100 km or in a different river reach than the hydrometric station, is different from that of the temperature logger located at the hydrometric station.
{"title":"Are temperature time series measured at hydrometric stations representative of the river’s thermal regime?","authors":"Habiba Ferchichi, A. St‐Hilaire","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2216454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2216454","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract River temperature is a key variable for water quality assessment. It can alter different chemical water properties. Indeed, it is considered as determining criterion in the adequacy of cold water fish habitat, and the overall health of the river ecosystem and aquatic biota. Consequently, monitoring this variable and understanding the river thermal variation are highly important. Temperature monitoring along the rivers is often done by deploying autonomous temperature loggers. However, recently, temperature sensors were installed at hydrometric stations in conjunction with water level gauges for monitoring the river temperature, thereby providing an opportunity to expand the temperature network across the region and eventually, the country. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted to find if the temperatures at the hydrometric station are representative of the river thermal variation upstream and downstream of that location. This comparative analysis was completed using a number of different statistical tools: entropy analysis, Gaussian function fit, and thermal sensitivity analysis. These statistical analyses confirm that temperature loggers that are collocated with the level gauges at hydrometric stations are generally representative of the thermal variation of the river main stem over a distance of a few tens of kilometres. However, the thermal variation observed in temperature loggers located at distances of the order of 100 km or in a different river reach than the hydrometric station, is different from that of the temperature logger located at the hydrometric station.","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"149 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48345372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2222697
W. Monk, S. Dugdale
Abstract Variability, duration and magnitude of stream temperature drives direct and indirect effects on aquatic ecosystems. Articles contained within this Special Issue provide an overview of the current modelling and field-based research on stream temperature in Canada, in addition to highlighting the need for better understanding of the ecological impacts of stream temperature. The nine papers in the Special Issue are grouped across four broad themes: river temperature and impoundments, monitoring of river temperature regimes at large scales, understanding river energy budgets, and river temperature and ecology. As a whole, the Special Issue provides commentary on the path forwards for enhanced collaboration and integration of complementary approaches, for better understanding of stream temperature regimes within Canada and further afield.
{"title":"River temperature: perspectives, applications, and future directions for research in Canada","authors":"W. Monk, S. Dugdale","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2222697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2222697","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Variability, duration and magnitude of stream temperature drives direct and indirect effects on aquatic ecosystems. Articles contained within this Special Issue provide an overview of the current modelling and field-based research on stream temperature in Canada, in addition to highlighting the need for better understanding of the ecological impacts of stream temperature. The nine papers in the Special Issue are grouped across four broad themes: river temperature and impoundments, monitoring of river temperature regimes at large scales, understanding river energy budgets, and river temperature and ecology. As a whole, the Special Issue provides commentary on the path forwards for enhanced collaboration and integration of complementary approaches, for better understanding of stream temperature regimes within Canada and further afield.","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"67 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44987193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2176789
Christopher Spence, André St-Hilaire
{"title":"Editors’ note","authors":"Christopher Spence, André St-Hilaire","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2176789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2176789","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136126168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1080/07011784.2023.2186270
B. Newton, N. Taube
Abstract Geographic inequalities in water distribution can lead to relatively small regions driving or buffering changes in water availability in major watersheds. This research provides a baseline quantification of water distribution in Alberta, Canada, and evaluates changes in water yield, streamflow timing, and climate from 1976 to 2015. Annual water yields for 77 contributing watershed areas were calculated and assessed for trends, and 45 unregulated watersheds were evaluated for changes in key streamflow timing metrics. Mountain headwaters supply 22–38% of annual flow of major rivers, while plains watersheds provide relatively low annual yield. Annual yield and precipitation decreases dominated northern watersheds, with increases in southern watersheds, and mixed trends in central watersheds. Later spring freshet timing and earlier onset of the low flow season were detected for most watersheds, leading to more water over a shorter duration when paired with increasing yield, and water losses in late summer-autumn when paired with decreasing yield. Yield and flow timing metrics are strongly related to precipitation with temperature as a secondary driver, except freshet timing, which is driven by spring temperature. This study provides comprehensive information about geographic drivers of changing water distribution and quantifies the disparity between regions of water surplus and deficit. RÉSUMÉ Les inégalités spatiales de la distribution de l'eau peuvent conduire à ce que des régions de taille relativement limitée puissent contrôler ou retarder la disponibilité de l’eau dans de bien plus grands bassins versants. Nos recherches ont permis d’établir l’état de l’art de la distribution de l’eau et sa quantification dans la province de l’Alberta, au Canada. Elles évaluent également les modifications des débits, de leur évolution temporelle et du climat de 1976 à 2015. Les exports en eau annuels de 77 bassins versants contributeurs ont été calculés, et l’occurrence de tendances temporelles y a été recherchée. Par ailleurs, les variations qui ont pu affecter les métriques de la distribution temporelle des débits liquides ont été évaluées dans 45 bassins versants dépourvus de barrages. La partie amont et montagneuse des bassins versants apporte 22 à 38 % du débit annuel des principales rivières, tandis que les zones de plaine de ces mêmes bassins génèrent une part relativement faible de ces mêmes apports. La baisse des exports d’eau annuels et des précipitations domine dans les bassins versants du nord de la province, tandis que des augmentations de ces mêmes variables ont été observées dans les bassins versants du sud et que des tendances mixtes ont été relevées dans les bassins versants du centre de la province. L’occurrence plus tardive des crues printanières dues à la fonte des neiges et le démarrage plus précoce de la période d’étiage ont été détectés dans la plupart des bassins versants, ce qui a conduit à ce que davantage d’eau soit transporté
{"title":"Regional variability and changing water distributions drive large-scale water resource availability in Alberta, Canada","authors":"B. Newton, N. Taube","doi":"10.1080/07011784.2023.2186270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07011784.2023.2186270","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Geographic inequalities in water distribution can lead to relatively small regions driving or buffering changes in water availability in major watersheds. This research provides a baseline quantification of water distribution in Alberta, Canada, and evaluates changes in water yield, streamflow timing, and climate from 1976 to 2015. Annual water yields for 77 contributing watershed areas were calculated and assessed for trends, and 45 unregulated watersheds were evaluated for changes in key streamflow timing metrics. Mountain headwaters supply 22–38% of annual flow of major rivers, while plains watersheds provide relatively low annual yield. Annual yield and precipitation decreases dominated northern watersheds, with increases in southern watersheds, and mixed trends in central watersheds. Later spring freshet timing and earlier onset of the low flow season were detected for most watersheds, leading to more water over a shorter duration when paired with increasing yield, and water losses in late summer-autumn when paired with decreasing yield. Yield and flow timing metrics are strongly related to precipitation with temperature as a secondary driver, except freshet timing, which is driven by spring temperature. This study provides comprehensive information about geographic drivers of changing water distribution and quantifies the disparity between regions of water surplus and deficit. RÉSUMÉ Les inégalités spatiales de la distribution de l'eau peuvent conduire à ce que des régions de taille relativement limitée puissent contrôler ou retarder la disponibilité de l’eau dans de bien plus grands bassins versants. Nos recherches ont permis d’établir l’état de l’art de la distribution de l’eau et sa quantification dans la province de l’Alberta, au Canada. Elles évaluent également les modifications des débits, de leur évolution temporelle et du climat de 1976 à 2015. Les exports en eau annuels de 77 bassins versants contributeurs ont été calculés, et l’occurrence de tendances temporelles y a été recherchée. Par ailleurs, les variations qui ont pu affecter les métriques de la distribution temporelle des débits liquides ont été évaluées dans 45 bassins versants dépourvus de barrages. La partie amont et montagneuse des bassins versants apporte 22 à 38 % du débit annuel des principales rivières, tandis que les zones de plaine de ces mêmes bassins génèrent une part relativement faible de ces mêmes apports. La baisse des exports d’eau annuels et des précipitations domine dans les bassins versants du nord de la province, tandis que des augmentations de ces mêmes variables ont été observées dans les bassins versants du sud et que des tendances mixtes ont été relevées dans les bassins versants du centre de la province. L’occurrence plus tardive des crues printanières dues à la fonte des neiges et le démarrage plus précoce de la période d’étiage ont été détectés dans la plupart des bassins versants, ce qui a conduit à ce que davantage d’eau soit transporté","PeriodicalId":55278,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Water Resources Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"300 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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