Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702023000200005
E. Elias, F. Amorim, M. Schmidt, S. Camboim
: The potential of intrinsic parameters to estimate geospatial data quality on Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI) platforms is a recurrent theme in Cartography. The spatial-temporal distribution in these platforms is very heterogeneous, depending on several factors such as input availability, number, and motivation of volunteers, especially in developing countries. The most recent approaches have been aiming to detail temporal patterns as an additional measure of quality in VGI. This research proposes a methodology to identify and analyze the behavior of the contribution parameters over time (2007-2022) of the OSM platform and differentiates the influences that affect its growth. Part of the Metropolitan region of Curitiba was the study area, subdivided into 1 x 1 km cells. The cumulative growth of contributions was calculated and later adjusted using a Logistic Regression. The obtained parameters made it possible to identify abruptly growing cells caused by external data import, mass contributions, or collective mapping activities. In addition, heterogeneity in the growth of the data available in OSM over time was evident. Furthermore, the proposed methodology promoted the investigation of a new indicator of intrinsic quality based on modelling the spatiotemporal evolution of OSM feature insertions.
{"title":"Exploring spatio-temporal patterns of OpenStreetMap (OSM) contributions in heterogeneous urban areas","authors":"E. Elias, F. Amorim, M. Schmidt, S. Camboim","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000200005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000200005","url":null,"abstract":": The potential of intrinsic parameters to estimate geospatial data quality on Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI) platforms is a recurrent theme in Cartography. The spatial-temporal distribution in these platforms is very heterogeneous, depending on several factors such as input availability, number, and motivation of volunteers, especially in developing countries. The most recent approaches have been aiming to detail temporal patterns as an additional measure of quality in VGI. This research proposes a methodology to identify and analyze the behavior of the contribution parameters over time (2007-2022) of the OSM platform and differentiates the influences that affect its growth. Part of the Metropolitan region of Curitiba was the study area, subdivided into 1 x 1 km cells. The cumulative growth of contributions was calculated and later adjusted using a Logistic Regression. The obtained parameters made it possible to identify abruptly growing cells caused by external data import, mass contributions, or collective mapping activities. In addition, heterogeneity in the growth of the data available in OSM over time was evident. Furthermore, the proposed methodology promoted the investigation of a new indicator of intrinsic quality based on modelling the spatiotemporal evolution of OSM feature insertions.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67566857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-19DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702023000200004
Alana Pisoni, J. Pazini, E. Seidel
: The mapping of rainfall is fundamental in the hydrological modeling process. In this sense, the importance of knowing the geographic and seasonal dynamics of average estimates of rainfall and associated uncertainties is evident. Thus, the present study aimed to predict the spatial and seasonal distribution of rainfall, with the estimation of related uncertainties, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Average rainfall varies over the months of the year. In January, February, June, July, August, and September it rains more north and northeast. In March, April, May, October, November, and December it rains more northwest and north. In general, it rains a lot in October and little rain in August. From a geographical point of view, it is possible to highlight that greater volumes of rain occur in the northern part of the state of RS. The uncertainties associated with rainfall estimates show divergent temporal dynamics, with the greatest uncertainties tending to occur in January, February, September, and October and that the smallest uncertainties are observed in June, July, and August.
{"title":"Spatial and seasonal dynamics of rainfall in subtropical Brazil","authors":"Alana Pisoni, J. Pazini, E. Seidel","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000200004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000200004","url":null,"abstract":": The mapping of rainfall is fundamental in the hydrological modeling process. In this sense, the importance of knowing the geographic and seasonal dynamics of average estimates of rainfall and associated uncertainties is evident. Thus, the present study aimed to predict the spatial and seasonal distribution of rainfall, with the estimation of related uncertainties, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Average rainfall varies over the months of the year. In January, February, June, July, August, and September it rains more north and northeast. In March, April, May, October, November, and December it rains more northwest and north. In general, it rains a lot in October and little rain in August. From a geographical point of view, it is possible to highlight that greater volumes of rain occur in the northern part of the state of RS. The uncertainties associated with rainfall estimates show divergent temporal dynamics, with the greatest uncertainties tending to occur in January, February, September, and October and that the smallest uncertainties are observed in June, July, and August.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67566792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-14DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702023000100002
Agnes Silva de Araujo, Marcus Saraiva, J. Barros, Alfredo Pereira de Queiroz
: Income variables from the Brazilian population census (IBGE) are often used as proxies for the population’s socioeconomic level in spatial analyses of urban segregation, inequality and social exclusion. However, income variables are dependent on reference values (minimum wage) that change over time, which can be challenging for multitemporal analysis. This paper discusses this issue and proposes a methodology to adjust income data that allows a meaningful comparison between the datasets of two Census periods. The methodology was applied to five medium-sized cities of the state of São Paulo by adjusting income data from Census 2000 and 2010 according to the period’s inflation rates. The analysis shows that the methodology mitigates the comparability issues. Results better reflect the changes in population composition and in residential patterns of different income groups that took place over the 2000s in Brazil in medium-sized cities
{"title":"Harmonizing income classes from 2000 and 2010 Brazilian censuses","authors":"Agnes Silva de Araujo, Marcus Saraiva, J. Barros, Alfredo Pereira de Queiroz","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000100002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000100002","url":null,"abstract":": Income variables from the Brazilian population census (IBGE) are often used as proxies for the population’s socioeconomic level in spatial analyses of urban segregation, inequality and social exclusion. However, income variables are dependent on reference values (minimum wage) that change over time, which can be challenging for multitemporal analysis. This paper discusses this issue and proposes a methodology to adjust income data that allows a meaningful comparison between the datasets of two Census periods. The methodology was applied to five medium-sized cities of the state of São Paulo by adjusting income data from Census 2000 and 2010 according to the period’s inflation rates. The analysis shows that the methodology mitigates the comparability issues. Results better reflect the changes in population composition and in residential patterns of different income groups that took place over the 2000s in Brazil in medium-sized cities","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67567175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702023000100001
S. Medjahed
: The use of a transformation method for the passage from one geodetic system to another requires the use of some common points as support points, these points are used in the determination of the transformation parameters. Generally, the choice of the support points is effected manually by choosing the best distribution of these points in the transformation area. In the present study, we present a methodology of selection of these points where an algorithm takes into account the computation of the transformation parameters with all combinations between the common points and the best result will be adopted. An application of this methodology are carried out in North-East of Algeria to determine the best set of the 09 transformation parameters between the WGS84 system and the National North Sahara system using 10 common points (05 support and 05 control). This methodology is efficient in the case where the common points are near one another.
{"title":"Study of the geometry influence of the support points in coordonates transformation: application from WGS84 to NS59 datum","authors":"S. Medjahed","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000100001","url":null,"abstract":": The use of a transformation method for the passage from one geodetic system to another requires the use of some common points as support points, these points are used in the determination of the transformation parameters. Generally, the choice of the support points is effected manually by choosing the best distribution of these points in the transformation area. In the present study, we present a methodology of selection of these points where an algorithm takes into account the computation of the transformation parameters with all combinations between the common points and the best result will be adopted. An application of this methodology are carried out in North-East of Algeria to determine the best set of the 09 transformation parameters between the WGS84 system and the National North Sahara system using 10 common points (05 support and 05 control). This methodology is efficient in the case where the common points are near one another.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67566546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702023000300006
Samuel Rodrigues da Cunha, Gabriel do Nascimento Guimarães
Many efforts have been made to understand climatic and hydrological variables’ variability, magnitude, and standards. In this sense, spatial data has been a fundamentally important tool in supporting the development of agriculture and environmental management research. We start this review by giving a brief overview of the use of satellites in Brazilian agriculture. Besides that, we present a couple of examples of satellite applications in managing water resources in agriculture. The second part of this review illustrates a detailed scenario concerning the orbital sensors available for water applications in agriculture. Finally, we provide a synthesis of the future of satellites in agriculture in terms of nanosatellites, artificial intelligence, and onboard processing.
{"title":"The use of satellite for water applications in agriculture: a review","authors":"Samuel Rodrigues da Cunha, Gabriel do Nascimento Guimarães","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000300006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000300006","url":null,"abstract":"Many efforts have been made to understand climatic and hydrological variables’ variability, magnitude, and standards. In this sense, spatial data has been a fundamentally important tool in supporting the development of agriculture and environmental management research. We start this review by giving a brief overview of the use of satellites in Brazilian agriculture. Besides that, we present a couple of examples of satellite applications in managing water resources in agriculture. The second part of this review illustrates a detailed scenario concerning the orbital sensors available for water applications in agriculture. Finally, we provide a synthesis of the future of satellites in agriculture in terms of nanosatellites, artificial intelligence, and onboard processing.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135660367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work considers the terrain slope factor as well as census dataset with variables related to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, sanitation, water supply, garbage collection, and electricity in identifying centralities, or new urban centers in the municipality of Barra do Piraí, located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as a case study. The morphological approach was used with a Principal Components analysis and spatial analysis involving Global Moran Index, Local Indicator of Spatial Association - LISA, and Kernel Density Estimator. Among the variables considered in the study, results indicated that the slope was a preponderant factor in identifying the centralities in the study area and that it limits the urban expansion both in the municipality and in some existing districts.
{"title":"The influence of slope on the identification of urban centralities: a case study in the municipality of Barra do Piraí, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","authors":"Caio Flávio Martinez Fontoura Júnior, Edmur Azevedo Pugliesi, Vilma Mayumi Tachibana","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000400009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000400009","url":null,"abstract":"This work considers the terrain slope factor as well as census dataset with variables related to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, sanitation, water supply, garbage collection, and electricity in identifying centralities, or new urban centers in the municipality of Barra do Piraí, located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as a case study. The morphological approach was used with a Principal Components analysis and spatial analysis involving Global Moran Index, Local Indicator of Spatial Association - LISA, and Kernel Density Estimator. Among the variables considered in the study, results indicated that the slope was a preponderant factor in identifying the centralities in the study area and that it limits the urban expansion both in the municipality and in some existing districts.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135660537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702023000300008
Lucilia do Carmo Giordano, Mara Lúcia Marques, Fábio Augusto Gomes Vieira Reis, Claudia Vanessa dos Santos Corrêa, Paulina Setti Riedel
Vegetation Indices (VIs) provide spatial information on the vegetation state, which has been associated with landslide propensity. To evaluate how VIs information indicate the landslide propensity, the current study analyzed nine different IVs to identify the categories of vegetation states in the hydrographic basin of Pedra Branca before and after landslide event. The different VIs were obtained using Sentinel-2A (2016) and Sentinel-2B (2018) images. All VIs were tested by cross-table analysis regard to the ability to identify the calculated area for landslide scars, and the VIs were also compared to the NDVI reference by error matrix for the analysis of the accuracy in identifying the vegetation state before the landslide occurrence. The areas with landslide scars totalized 86700m² in 2018 image and NDVI matched ~57% of the No Vegetation category. Before the landslide event, almost all VIs indicated a loss of vegetation vigor (with exception of RENDVI and ARVI) in 2016 image. In addition, the indices (exceptionality MSI) also presented high rates of match to the analysis of NDVI in discerning both Intermediate and Vigorous Vegetation states. However, the areas presenting a healthy vegetation state are reduced, which therefore might be indicating the propensity to landslide event before their occurrences.
{"title":"The suitability of different vegetation indices to analyses area with landslide propensity using Sentinel -2 Image","authors":"Lucilia do Carmo Giordano, Mara Lúcia Marques, Fábio Augusto Gomes Vieira Reis, Claudia Vanessa dos Santos Corrêa, Paulina Setti Riedel","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000300008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000300008","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation Indices (VIs) provide spatial information on the vegetation state, which has been associated with landslide propensity. To evaluate how VIs information indicate the landslide propensity, the current study analyzed nine different IVs to identify the categories of vegetation states in the hydrographic basin of Pedra Branca before and after landslide event. The different VIs were obtained using Sentinel-2A (2016) and Sentinel-2B (2018) images. All VIs were tested by cross-table analysis regard to the ability to identify the calculated area for landslide scars, and the VIs were also compared to the NDVI reference by error matrix for the analysis of the accuracy in identifying the vegetation state before the landslide occurrence. The areas with landslide scars totalized 86700m² in 2018 image and NDVI matched ~57% of the No Vegetation category. Before the landslide event, almost all VIs indicated a loss of vegetation vigor (with exception of RENDVI and ARVI) in 2016 image. In addition, the indices (exceptionality MSI) also presented high rates of match to the analysis of NDVI in discerning both Intermediate and Vigorous Vegetation states. However, the areas presenting a healthy vegetation state are reduced, which therefore might be indicating the propensity to landslide event before their occurrences.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135660124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702023000300007
Janisson Batista de Jesus, Tatiana Mora Kuplich, Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho Barreto, Fernando Luis Hillebrand, Cristiano Niederauer da Rosa
Due to the absence of studies related to the digital processing of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images in the semi-arid region of Brazil, the aim of this study was to test different filters for reducing speckle noise in SAR images, serving as a reference for choosing the most suitable filter for different studies in this vegetation. The filters: Gamma Map, Lee Sigma, Median, Frost and Refined Lee in different window sizes were tested on the VV, VH and VH/VV polarizations in the Sentinel-1A images, verifying the responses under the influence of the dry and post-rainy period in the Caatinga vegetation. In the state of Sergipe, Brazil, 30 samples of Caatinga fragments obtained from Sentinel-1A images for the dry and post-rainy season were selected. For all images evaluated, the values of the averages of the equivalent number of looks (ENL) were compared by the Tukey test at 5% significance. The Gamma filter showed the highest amount of means (22) with the highest ENL values, followed by Median (5). The generation of ENL results and their comparison, considering all variables used, was essential to serve as a basis for choosing the filtering method in studies that use data from Sentinel-1A in the Caatinga region.
{"title":"Speckle reduction for Sentinel-1A SAR images in the Semi-arid caatinga region, Brazil","authors":"Janisson Batista de Jesus, Tatiana Mora Kuplich, Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho Barreto, Fernando Luis Hillebrand, Cristiano Niederauer da Rosa","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702023000300007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702023000300007","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the absence of studies related to the digital processing of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images in the semi-arid region of Brazil, the aim of this study was to test different filters for reducing speckle noise in SAR images, serving as a reference for choosing the most suitable filter for different studies in this vegetation. The filters: Gamma Map, Lee Sigma, Median, Frost and Refined Lee in different window sizes were tested on the VV, VH and VH/VV polarizations in the Sentinel-1A images, verifying the responses under the influence of the dry and post-rainy period in the Caatinga vegetation. In the state of Sergipe, Brazil, 30 samples of Caatinga fragments obtained from Sentinel-1A images for the dry and post-rainy season were selected. For all images evaluated, the values of the averages of the equivalent number of looks (ENL) were compared by the Tukey test at 5% significance. The Gamma filter showed the highest amount of means (22) with the highest ENL values, followed by Median (5). The generation of ENL results and their comparison, considering all variables used, was essential to serve as a basis for choosing the filtering method in studies that use data from Sentinel-1A in the Caatinga region.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135658959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702022000200009
R. Delgado, T. L. Rodrigues
: This paper aimed to evaluate the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ellipsoidal heights in conjunction with height anomalies provided by Global Geopotential Model (GGM) XGM2019e, refined by Residual Terrain Modelling (RTM) technique, to obtain normal heights in Brazil, referred to the Imbituba Brazilian Vertical Datum (IBVD) and the International Height Reference System (IHRS). For this purpose, a local modelling approach has been analyzed in contrast to the national modeling one on the reference geopotential value. For this, a methodology based on geopotential space was adapted. In the local modeling, two study subregions were defined using the spatial clustering analysis of IBVD and GGM/RTM height anomalies differences outliers. The parameters have been estimated using three different configurations. In the parameters validation step, Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) of the discrepancies between transformed and Brazilian official normal heights were calculated. In both subregions more accurate results have been obtained with the local modeling. In the SP1 subregion the accuracy increased tenfold (0.97m to 0.10m) and SP2 improved from 0.39m to 0.17m. For the linkage to the future realization of IHRS, the accuracy analysis was not possible. However, discrepancies between calculated normal heights and Brazilian official normal heights have been analyzed.
{"title":"Use of GNSS and a refined GGM (XGM2019e) for determining normal heights in the Imbituba Brazilian Vertical Datum and in the International Height Reference System","authors":"R. Delgado, T. L. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702022000200009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702022000200009","url":null,"abstract":": This paper aimed to evaluate the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) ellipsoidal heights in conjunction with height anomalies provided by Global Geopotential Model (GGM) XGM2019e, refined by Residual Terrain Modelling (RTM) technique, to obtain normal heights in Brazil, referred to the Imbituba Brazilian Vertical Datum (IBVD) and the International Height Reference System (IHRS). For this purpose, a local modelling approach has been analyzed in contrast to the national modeling one on the reference geopotential value. For this, a methodology based on geopotential space was adapted. In the local modeling, two study subregions were defined using the spatial clustering analysis of IBVD and GGM/RTM height anomalies differences outliers. The parameters have been estimated using three different configurations. In the parameters validation step, Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) of the discrepancies between transformed and Brazilian official normal heights were calculated. In both subregions more accurate results have been obtained with the local modeling. In the SP1 subregion the accuracy increased tenfold (0.97m to 0.10m) and SP2 improved from 0.39m to 0.17m. For the linkage to the future realization of IHRS, the accuracy analysis was not possible. However, discrepancies between calculated normal heights and Brazilian official normal heights have been analyzed.","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67566033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s1982-21702022000100005
Christian Gonzalo Pilapanta Amagua, Jorge Felipe Euriques, S. Alves, C. P. Krueger
{"title":"Analysis of local surface displacement using repeated GPS measurements: a case study of the Guabirotuba area, Curitiba, Brazil","authors":"Christian Gonzalo Pilapanta Amagua, Jorge Felipe Euriques, S. Alves, C. P. Krueger","doi":"10.1590/s1982-21702022000100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1982-21702022000100005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55347,"journal":{"name":"Boletim De Ciencias Geodesicas","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67566227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：