Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2225849
G. Bruni, E. Mori, Rosario Balestrieri
ABSTRACT We report the first record of a single nest containing the young of a pair of Black Redstarts Phoenicurus ochruros and a pair of Common Redstarts Phoenicurus phoenicurus. All four parents provisioned the nestlings with food, and indiscriminately provided food to chicks of both species and with a very high overlap of activity rhythms. Our observation provides further evidence of the plasticity of these passerine bird species in brood management.
{"title":"First record of interspecific cooperative breeding among redstart species","authors":"G. Bruni, E. Mori, Rosario Balestrieri","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2225849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2225849","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 We report the first record of a single nest containing the young of a pair of Black Redstarts Phoenicurus ochruros and a pair of Common Redstarts Phoenicurus phoenicurus. All four parents provisioned the nestlings with food, and indiscriminately provided food to chicks of both species and with a very high overlap of activity rhythms. Our observation provides further evidence of the plasticity of these passerine bird species in brood management.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"172 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47772738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2244739
Freddy Rohtla, Ü. Väli
ABSTRACT Capsule Shed feathers can be used for the field identification of the Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga and Lesser Spotted Eagle Clanga pomarina, but identification of hybrids is problematic. Aims To provide an easy method for distinguishing the shed flight feathers of the Greater Spotted Eagle, Lesser Spotted Eagle, and their hybrids. Methods We examined seven morphological characteristics and developed multinomial logistic regression models to aid in identification of feathers. Results The most informative feature was the relative feather length. Barring improved the identification of tail feathers, secondaries, and proximal primaries. Feathers of Lesser Spotted Eagles were significantly shorter and more barred than those of Greater Spotted Eagles. Feathers of hybrids were also highly barred but had an intermediate length. The length from the tip to notch, width of the notch, and specific colouration patterns were also included in the best models for specific feather types. The combination of these characteristics resulted in identification accuracies of 89–97% for Lesser Spotted Eagle feathers and 80–100% for Greater Spotted Eagle feathers. However, all F1-hybrids were incorrectly identified as Greater Spotted or Lesser Spotted Eagles. Conclusion Shed feathers could have potential for the non-invasive field identification of spotted eagle species at nest sites. However, the identification of hybrids based on feathers is difficult due to substantial morphological variation and overlap with parent species.
{"title":"Identification of the Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga, Lesser Spotted Eagle Clanga pomarina and interspecific hybrids using the morphology of shed flight feathers","authors":"Freddy Rohtla, Ü. Väli","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2244739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2244739","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule Shed feathers can be used for the field identification of the Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga and Lesser Spotted Eagle Clanga pomarina, but identification of hybrids is problematic. Aims To provide an easy method for distinguishing the shed flight feathers of the Greater Spotted Eagle, Lesser Spotted Eagle, and their hybrids. Methods We examined seven morphological characteristics and developed multinomial logistic regression models to aid in identification of feathers. Results The most informative feature was the relative feather length. Barring improved the identification of tail feathers, secondaries, and proximal primaries. Feathers of Lesser Spotted Eagles were significantly shorter and more barred than those of Greater Spotted Eagles. Feathers of hybrids were also highly barred but had an intermediate length. The length from the tip to notch, width of the notch, and specific colouration patterns were also included in the best models for specific feather types. The combination of these characteristics resulted in identification accuracies of 89–97% for Lesser Spotted Eagle feathers and 80–100% for Greater Spotted Eagle feathers. However, all F1-hybrids were incorrectly identified as Greater Spotted or Lesser Spotted Eagles. Conclusion Shed feathers could have potential for the non-invasive field identification of spotted eagle species at nest sites. However, the identification of hybrids based on feathers is difficult due to substantial morphological variation and overlap with parent species.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"151 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44328127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2239554
T. Ki, D. Pain, J. Gill, R. Green
ABSTRACT Capsule The increase in autumn sowing of crops is probably an additional contributory factor to the national ban on lead angling weights in influencing the large increase in British Mute Swan Cygnus olor numbers since the 1970s. Aims The national population of Mute Swans in Great Britain has more than doubled since the 1970s, and previous correlative analyses of national population changes identified a national ban on lead angling weights in 1987 as the main driver of this change. We examine regional variation in Mute Swan population changes to test the contribution of additional environmental covariates to the observed increase. Methods We explore regional and national variation in Mute Swan population trends to changes in climate, agriculture, water quality, and angling to assess whether the same patterns emerge at different scales. Results Changes in the extent of oilseed rape and wheat, which provide winter food for Mute Swans, showed a consistent positive association with the spatial and temporal pattern of Mute Swan population trends, while a proxy for the expected change in the exposure of swans to lead weights from angling contributed much less. Conclusion The lead weight ban occurred alongside rapid changes in arable cropping area, with swans probably benefitting from both increased food resources and reduced rates of lead ingestion. Our study highlights the value of exploiting both spatial and temporal variation in abundance when exploring potential drivers of population change. Future changes in agricultural policy and practice in Great Britain may influence Mute Swan populations.
{"title":"The relationship between Mute Swan Cygnus olor population trends in Great Britain and environmental change","authors":"T. Ki, D. Pain, J. Gill, R. Green","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2239554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2239554","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule The increase in autumn sowing of crops is probably an additional contributory factor to the national ban on lead angling weights in influencing the large increase in British Mute Swan Cygnus olor numbers since the 1970s. Aims The national population of Mute Swans in Great Britain has more than doubled since the 1970s, and previous correlative analyses of national population changes identified a national ban on lead angling weights in 1987 as the main driver of this change. We examine regional variation in Mute Swan population changes to test the contribution of additional environmental covariates to the observed increase. Methods We explore regional and national variation in Mute Swan population trends to changes in climate, agriculture, water quality, and angling to assess whether the same patterns emerge at different scales. Results Changes in the extent of oilseed rape and wheat, which provide winter food for Mute Swans, showed a consistent positive association with the spatial and temporal pattern of Mute Swan population trends, while a proxy for the expected change in the exposure of swans to lead weights from angling contributed much less. Conclusion The lead weight ban occurred alongside rapid changes in arable cropping area, with swans probably benefitting from both increased food resources and reduced rates of lead ingestion. Our study highlights the value of exploiting both spatial and temporal variation in abundance when exploring potential drivers of population change. Future changes in agricultural policy and practice in Great Britain may influence Mute Swan populations.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"99 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47361772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2228537
R. Ientile, M. Tagliavia, Natalino Cuti, R. Termine, C. Giannella, S. Nissardi, C. Zucca, V. Cavaliere, G. Verde, D. Campobello, B. Massa
ABSTRACT Capsule The Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus from breeding sites in Italy has little genetic variability in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene but shows morphological variation suggesting isolation of some populations. Aims To investigate the morphometric and genetic trait variation of Eurasian Reed Warbler populations at a large temporal and spatial scale. Methods We analysed morphometric traits and the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of samples collected over 25 years, from populations at seven sites across the Italian peninsula and islands. Results While we found no genetic differences, we detected significantly smaller body sizes in individuals breeding in Sicily and Sardinia compared to those from mainland Italy. There were also significant body size differences between two Sicilian populations: one larger breeding on the southern coast and the other smaller at an inner highland site. Conclusion The morphometric data, together with the site fidelity of individuals, are consistent with there being isolation of some populations. Specifically, our results are consistent with an example of polyphenism, morphological plasticity, in the populations of the main Italian islands, Sicily and Sardinia.
{"title":"Morphometric versus genetic variation in the Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus in Italy","authors":"R. Ientile, M. Tagliavia, Natalino Cuti, R. Termine, C. Giannella, S. Nissardi, C. Zucca, V. Cavaliere, G. Verde, D. Campobello, B. Massa","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2228537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2228537","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule The Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus from breeding sites in Italy has little genetic variability in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene but shows morphological variation suggesting isolation of some populations. Aims To investigate the morphometric and genetic trait variation of Eurasian Reed Warbler populations at a large temporal and spatial scale. Methods We analysed morphometric traits and the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of samples collected over 25 years, from populations at seven sites across the Italian peninsula and islands. Results While we found no genetic differences, we detected significantly smaller body sizes in individuals breeding in Sicily and Sardinia compared to those from mainland Italy. There were also significant body size differences between two Sicilian populations: one larger breeding on the southern coast and the other smaller at an inner highland site. Conclusion The morphometric data, together with the site fidelity of individuals, are consistent with there being isolation of some populations. Specifically, our results are consistent with an example of polyphenism, morphological plasticity, in the populations of the main Italian islands, Sicily and Sardinia.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"65 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43256485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2237232
S. Oswald, I. Nisbet, C. Mostello
ABSTRACT Capsule Common Terns Sterna hirundo and Roseate Terns S. dougallii rarely rest on the sea surface during the breeding season but frequently do so in winter and on migration. Aims To investigate the behaviour of Common and Roseate Terns throughout the annual cycle using immersion sensors. Methods We analyzed data from immersion sensors attached to 11 Common Terns and 6 Roseate Terns that bred in the northeastern USA and wintered either on the north or east coasts of South America, to investigate temporal patterns of resting on saltwater throughout the annual cycle. Results Both species of tern rarely contacted salt water during the breeding season, except when bathing or plunge-diving, but in winter they spent several hours each day resting on the sea surface. This resting was most frequent around midday and least frequent in early mornings and late afternoons. Night-time immersion varied widely among individuals but terns wintering in eastern Brazil were less likely to spend the night on the sea surface than those wintering on the north coast of South America. We suggest that this reflected the availability of dry-land roosting sites. Conclusion Our results are consistent with and extend studies from Europe, confirming that although Common and Roseate Terns spend very little time resting on the sea surface in the breeding season, this behaviour is frequent during migration and wintering periods.
普通燕鸥(Sterna hirundo)和玫瑰燕鸥(Roseate Terns S. dougallii)在繁殖季节很少在海面上休息，但在冬季和迁徙时经常在海面上休息。目的利用浸入式传感器研究普通燕鸥和玫瑰燕鸥在整个年周期中的行为。方法对11只普通燕鸥和6只玫瑰燕鸥(分别在美国东北部繁殖，在南美洲北部和东部海岸过冬)的浸泡传感器进行数据分析，研究它们在海水上休息的时间模式。结果两种燕鸥在繁殖季节除了洗澡或潜水时很少接触海水，而在冬季则每天在海面上休息数小时。这种休息在中午最常见，在清晨和下午晚些时候最不常见。夜间浸泡的时间在个体之间差异很大，但在巴西东部过冬的燕鸥比在南美洲北部海岸过冬的燕鸥更不可能在海面上过夜。我们认为这反映了旱地栖息地的可用性。结论我们的研究结果与欧洲的研究一致，并扩展了欧洲的研究，证实了尽管普通燕鸥和玫瑰燕鸥在繁殖季节在海面上停留的时间很少，但这种行为在迁徙和越冬期间很常见。
{"title":"Common Terns Sterna hirundo and Roseate Terns Sterna dougallii frequently rest on the sea surface in winter quarters and during migration","authors":"S. Oswald, I. Nisbet, C. Mostello","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2237232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2237232","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule Common Terns Sterna hirundo and Roseate Terns S. dougallii rarely rest on the sea surface during the breeding season but frequently do so in winter and on migration. Aims To investigate the behaviour of Common and Roseate Terns throughout the annual cycle using immersion sensors. Methods We analyzed data from immersion sensors attached to 11 Common Terns and 6 Roseate Terns that bred in the northeastern USA and wintered either on the north or east coasts of South America, to investigate temporal patterns of resting on saltwater throughout the annual cycle. Results Both species of tern rarely contacted salt water during the breeding season, except when bathing or plunge-diving, but in winter they spent several hours each day resting on the sea surface. This resting was most frequent around midday and least frequent in early mornings and late afternoons. Night-time immersion varied widely among individuals but terns wintering in eastern Brazil were less likely to spend the night on the sea surface than those wintering on the north coast of South America. We suggest that this reflected the availability of dry-land roosting sites. Conclusion Our results are consistent with and extend studies from Europe, confirming that although Common and Roseate Terns spend very little time resting on the sea surface in the breeding season, this behaviour is frequent during migration and wintering periods.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"76 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45801852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2190081
Thomas Blunsden, A. Goodenough
ABSTRACT Capsule Abundance of haematophagous ectoparasites in woodland passerine nests is influenced by complex interactions between nest box design, bird species, amount of nesting material and nest composition. Aims To analyse ectoparasite abundance relative to nest box design (old wooden nest boxes present for over 2 years versus new wooden nest boxes of the same dimensions vs deep wooden nest boxes designed to reduce predation risk) and bird species (Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, Great Tit Parus major, Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca and Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea). The potential influence of amount of nesting material and nest composition was also studied. Methods After fledging, nests were collected from nest boxes. Ectoparasites and nest materials were identified and quantified. Generalized linear modelling was used to examine the influence of nest box design, bird species, amount of nest material and nest composition on ectoparasite loads. Akaike’s Information Criterion was used to select optimal models. Results Abundance of Hen Fleas Ceratophyllus gallinae and parasitic Blowfly Protocalliphora was significantly higher for deep nest boxes than nest boxes of standard dimensions. Old nest boxes had significantly higher loads than new nest boxes, despite thorough cleaning between breeding seasons. Hen Flea abundance was highest in Eurasian Nuthatch nests. Blowfly abundance was highest in Pied Flycatcher nests. Abundances of both fleas and blowfly were positively related to nest mass and amount of animal hair in the nest, and, for parasitic Blowfly, were negatively related to the amount of tree bark. Conclusion Ectoparasite load depends not only on bird species but also nest box design and nesting material. We recommend: (1) nest boxes are regularly replaced to reduce parasite load; (2) deep nest boxes are not used as the large nests constructed not only remove anti-predator benefits of eggs/chicks being harder to reach but are also associated with high haematophagous ectoparasite loads.
{"title":"Influence of nest box design and nesting material on ectoparasite load for four woodland passerines","authors":"Thomas Blunsden, A. Goodenough","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2190081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2190081","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule Abundance of haematophagous ectoparasites in woodland passerine nests is influenced by complex interactions between nest box design, bird species, amount of nesting material and nest composition. Aims To analyse ectoparasite abundance relative to nest box design (old wooden nest boxes present for over 2 years versus new wooden nest boxes of the same dimensions vs deep wooden nest boxes designed to reduce predation risk) and bird species (Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, Great Tit Parus major, Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca and Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea). The potential influence of amount of nesting material and nest composition was also studied. Methods After fledging, nests were collected from nest boxes. Ectoparasites and nest materials were identified and quantified. Generalized linear modelling was used to examine the influence of nest box design, bird species, amount of nest material and nest composition on ectoparasite loads. Akaike’s Information Criterion was used to select optimal models. Results Abundance of Hen Fleas Ceratophyllus gallinae and parasitic Blowfly Protocalliphora was significantly higher for deep nest boxes than nest boxes of standard dimensions. Old nest boxes had significantly higher loads than new nest boxes, despite thorough cleaning between breeding seasons. Hen Flea abundance was highest in Eurasian Nuthatch nests. Blowfly abundance was highest in Pied Flycatcher nests. Abundances of both fleas and blowfly were positively related to nest mass and amount of animal hair in the nest, and, for parasitic Blowfly, were negatively related to the amount of tree bark. Conclusion Ectoparasite load depends not only on bird species but also nest box design and nesting material. We recommend: (1) nest boxes are regularly replaced to reduce parasite load; (2) deep nest boxes are not used as the large nests constructed not only remove anti-predator benefits of eggs/chicks being harder to reach but are also associated with high haematophagous ectoparasite loads.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"25 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46611032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2190080
G. Clewley, C. Thaxter, Emily S. Scragg, E. Masden, L. Barber, Greg J. Conway, N. Clark, N. Burton
ABSTRACT Capsule Individually tracked Lesser Black-backed Gulls Larus fuscus rarely visited offshore areas in this study but showed high variation across multiple time scales in overall area use. Aims To quantify the variation in space use by Lesser Black-backed Gulls, a species of conservation concern, from short- and long-term data on tracked individuals, and to assess the time spent offshore and interacting with offshore wind farms (OWFs) before and after their construction. Methods GPS tracking data were collected between 2016 and 2019 from 36 Lesser Black-backed Gulls breeding in a declining colony in the UK with several operational OWFs nearby. Variations in home ranges, foraging trip metrics and the proportion of time spent offshore or within OWFs were analysed at three temporal scales: (i) over a daily cycle, (ii) across the breeding season and (iii) between years. Results Individuals predominantly used terrestrial areas. Less than 1.25% of the overall breeding season time budgets were spent offshore across years, and offshore use and time within OWFs did not vary significantly between years. However, home range sizes and foraging trip metrics did vary significantly across all time scales and individual variation was significant. Conclusion Our results suggested that there was little change in the relative use of offshore areas over time and thus in the macro-scale response of Lesser Black-backed Gulls to the OWFs, one of which was under construction during the period of study. Colony productivity and changes in the terrestrial environment were likely to be more important for influencing foraging movements at this colony.
{"title":"Daily, seasonal, and annual variation in area use of Lesser Black-backed Gulls Larus fuscus related to offshore renewable developments","authors":"G. Clewley, C. Thaxter, Emily S. Scragg, E. Masden, L. Barber, Greg J. Conway, N. Clark, N. Burton","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2190080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2190080","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule Individually tracked Lesser Black-backed Gulls Larus fuscus rarely visited offshore areas in this study but showed high variation across multiple time scales in overall area use. Aims To quantify the variation in space use by Lesser Black-backed Gulls, a species of conservation concern, from short- and long-term data on tracked individuals, and to assess the time spent offshore and interacting with offshore wind farms (OWFs) before and after their construction. Methods GPS tracking data were collected between 2016 and 2019 from 36 Lesser Black-backed Gulls breeding in a declining colony in the UK with several operational OWFs nearby. Variations in home ranges, foraging trip metrics and the proportion of time spent offshore or within OWFs were analysed at three temporal scales: (i) over a daily cycle, (ii) across the breeding season and (iii) between years. Results Individuals predominantly used terrestrial areas. Less than 1.25% of the overall breeding season time budgets were spent offshore across years, and offshore use and time within OWFs did not vary significantly between years. However, home range sizes and foraging trip metrics did vary significantly across all time scales and individual variation was significant. Conclusion Our results suggested that there was little change in the relative use of offshore areas over time and thus in the macro-scale response of Lesser Black-backed Gulls to the OWFs, one of which was under construction during the period of study. Colony productivity and changes in the terrestrial environment were likely to be more important for influencing foraging movements at this colony.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"13 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43228060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2191924
Susan Doyle, D. Cabot, L. Griffin, A. Kane, K. Colhoun, Courtney Redmond, Alyn J. Walsh, B. J. McMahon
ABSTRACT Capsule Home range area and foraging distance of the Greenland Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis, a long-distance migrant were calculated and activity patterns were described. Aims To understand the use of space by Barnacle Geese throughout the annual cycle, and to inform effective wildlife management and conservation planning. Methods Tracking data from 29 annual cycles from 18 individual Barnacle Geese were analysed to estimate overall (80–99% utilization distribution; UD) and core (50% UD) home ranges using a Brownian bridge kernel method. Maximum and core foraging distance were then estimated from 80–99% UD and 50% UD, respectively. Finally, daily activity patterns, including the location of roosts and foraging sites, were described, along with variability in home range among seasons and between males and females, and spatial and temporal repeatability. Results Overall home range area was approximately 14 km2 in winter, 9.5 km2 in spring, 7 km2 in the nesting period, 43 km2 in the post-nesting period, and 48 km2 in autumn. However, the core area used by the birds was substantially smaller: mean core home range area was approximately 1.5 km2 in winter, 1 km2 in spring, 2 km2 in the nesting period, 7 km2 in the post-nesting period, and 12 km2 in autumn. Maximum foraging distances were approximately 7 km in winter, 5 km in spring, 3.5 km in the nesting period, 15.5 km in the post-nesting period, and 32.5 km in autumn. Core foraging distances were approximately 5.5 km in winter, 3 km in spring, 1 km in the nesting period, 8.5 km in the post-nesting period, and 19.5 km in autumn. Conclusion Although our study focuses on the movements of Barnacle Geese, such data can be used to inform a range of pure and applied ornithological issues, including resource partitioning, human-wildlife conflicts, and the spread of zoonotic disease.
{"title":"Home range of a long-distance migrant, the Greenland Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis, throughout the annual cycle","authors":"Susan Doyle, D. Cabot, L. Griffin, A. Kane, K. Colhoun, Courtney Redmond, Alyn J. Walsh, B. J. McMahon","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2191924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2191924","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule Home range area and foraging distance of the Greenland Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis, a long-distance migrant were calculated and activity patterns were described. Aims To understand the use of space by Barnacle Geese throughout the annual cycle, and to inform effective wildlife management and conservation planning. Methods Tracking data from 29 annual cycles from 18 individual Barnacle Geese were analysed to estimate overall (80–99% utilization distribution; UD) and core (50% UD) home ranges using a Brownian bridge kernel method. Maximum and core foraging distance were then estimated from 80–99% UD and 50% UD, respectively. Finally, daily activity patterns, including the location of roosts and foraging sites, were described, along with variability in home range among seasons and between males and females, and spatial and temporal repeatability. Results Overall home range area was approximately 14 km2 in winter, 9.5 km2 in spring, 7 km2 in the nesting period, 43 km2 in the post-nesting period, and 48 km2 in autumn. However, the core area used by the birds was substantially smaller: mean core home range area was approximately 1.5 km2 in winter, 1 km2 in spring, 2 km2 in the nesting period, 7 km2 in the post-nesting period, and 12 km2 in autumn. Maximum foraging distances were approximately 7 km in winter, 5 km in spring, 3.5 km in the nesting period, 15.5 km in the post-nesting period, and 32.5 km in autumn. Core foraging distances were approximately 5.5 km in winter, 3 km in spring, 1 km in the nesting period, 8.5 km in the post-nesting period, and 19.5 km in autumn. Conclusion Although our study focuses on the movements of Barnacle Geese, such data can be used to inform a range of pure and applied ornithological issues, including resource partitioning, human-wildlife conflicts, and the spread of zoonotic disease.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"37 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44281179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2190079
Ron Haran, D. Troupin, I. Izhaki
ABSTRACT Capsule Dead Sea Sparrows Passer moabiticus transferred their historical breeding colony location, following geo-ecological and hydrological changes, to a new, less arid zone within a nature reserve. Aims To find biotic and abiotic factors affecting the choice of nest sites by Dead Sea Sparrows, in order to locate potential breeding areas and plan in advance for their protection. Methods Mapping old and new nest sites of Dead Sea Sparrows within Einot Tzukim nature reserve, Dead Sea Valley, and using anthropogenic and geo-ecological GIS layers, we created a map of the potential preferred breeding colony area. Results We found the biotic and abiotic factors affecting nest site preference of Dead Sea Sparrows, which included areas far from human activity, areas close to historic springs, and areas affected by a major fire. New areas in the reserve exposed by the retreating Dead Sea were inhabited by the birds, which gradually transferred their breeding centre to a less arid zone within the reserve. Conclusion When managing colonial breeding sites, it is crucial to understand the role of both natural and anthropogenic influences in order to prioritize sites for conservation and management. Producing a preference map, based on such data, can help managers locate potential breeding areas and plan in advance for their protection.
{"title":"Dead Sea level decline pushed a sensitive ecosystem out of equilibrium, causing the relocation of a colonial bird breeding site","authors":"Ron Haran, D. Troupin, I. Izhaki","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2190079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2190079","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule Dead Sea Sparrows Passer moabiticus transferred their historical breeding colony location, following geo-ecological and hydrological changes, to a new, less arid zone within a nature reserve. Aims To find biotic and abiotic factors affecting the choice of nest sites by Dead Sea Sparrows, in order to locate potential breeding areas and plan in advance for their protection. Methods Mapping old and new nest sites of Dead Sea Sparrows within Einot Tzukim nature reserve, Dead Sea Valley, and using anthropogenic and geo-ecological GIS layers, we created a map of the potential preferred breeding colony area. Results We found the biotic and abiotic factors affecting nest site preference of Dead Sea Sparrows, which included areas far from human activity, areas close to historic springs, and areas affected by a major fire. New areas in the reserve exposed by the retreating Dead Sea were inhabited by the birds, which gradually transferred their breeding centre to a less arid zone within the reserve. Conclusion When managing colonial breeding sites, it is crucial to understand the role of both natural and anthropogenic influences in order to prioritize sites for conservation and management. Producing a preference map, based on such data, can help managers locate potential breeding areas and plan in advance for their protection.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00063657.2023.2196394
A. Ferrarini, G. Giglio, S. C. Pellegrino, M. Gustin
ABSTRACT Capsule After breeding, Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni do not migrate directly to Africa but exhibit a post-breeding dispersal that lasts several weeks. Tracking of four adult individuals provides the first data on distances and direction of travel, and suggests sex differences in post-breeding dispersal. Aims We aimed to: (a) detect the dispersal routes and stopover sites used by adult Lesser Kestrels during the post-breeding period in Italy, (b) deduce the strategies behind the observed dispersal behaviour, and (c) advance hypotheses about the determinants of such strategies. Methods Using Argos satellite telemetry, we tracked four individuals at neighbouring urban colonies at Gravina and Altamura (Apulia region), within the geographical area (Alta Murgia) which has the world’s highest known density of urban nesting Lesser Kestrels. Results Argos devices provided 4930 high-quality locations for 72 ± 13 (mean ± SD) days for four individuals tracked during July–September. July corresponded to the post-nestling period, with recorded dispersal distances less than 66 km from the breeding site. At the beginning of August, the birds entered the pre-migration period, with recorded dispersal distances up to 667 km from the colony. We detected four dispersal strategies: absolute fidelity to the breeding site, and short-range, mid-range, and long-range dispersal. The males had long-range and mid-range dispersal routes parallel to the eastern side of the Apennine ridge, and selected several stopover sites in central and northern Italy. The females showed absolute fidelity to the breeding site and short-range dispersal. We hypothesize that males and females had different body conditions at the beginning of the pre-migration period, which forced females to remain close to the breeding site while males could disperse further. Conclusions This work sheds light, for the first time, on the post-reproductive dispersal behaviour and schedule of the Lesser Kestrel in Italy.
{"title":"A first insight into the post-breeding dispersal strategies of adult Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni in Italy","authors":"A. Ferrarini, G. Giglio, S. C. Pellegrino, M. Gustin","doi":"10.1080/00063657.2023.2196394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2023.2196394","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Capsule After breeding, Lesser Kestrels Falco naumanni do not migrate directly to Africa but exhibit a post-breeding dispersal that lasts several weeks. Tracking of four adult individuals provides the first data on distances and direction of travel, and suggests sex differences in post-breeding dispersal. Aims We aimed to: (a) detect the dispersal routes and stopover sites used by adult Lesser Kestrels during the post-breeding period in Italy, (b) deduce the strategies behind the observed dispersal behaviour, and (c) advance hypotheses about the determinants of such strategies. Methods Using Argos satellite telemetry, we tracked four individuals at neighbouring urban colonies at Gravina and Altamura (Apulia region), within the geographical area (Alta Murgia) which has the world’s highest known density of urban nesting Lesser Kestrels. Results Argos devices provided 4930 high-quality locations for 72 ± 13 (mean ± SD) days for four individuals tracked during July–September. July corresponded to the post-nestling period, with recorded dispersal distances less than 66 km from the breeding site. At the beginning of August, the birds entered the pre-migration period, with recorded dispersal distances up to 667 km from the colony. We detected four dispersal strategies: absolute fidelity to the breeding site, and short-range, mid-range, and long-range dispersal. The males had long-range and mid-range dispersal routes parallel to the eastern side of the Apennine ridge, and selected several stopover sites in central and northern Italy. The females showed absolute fidelity to the breeding site and short-range dispersal. We hypothesize that males and females had different body conditions at the beginning of the pre-migration period, which forced females to remain close to the breeding site while males could disperse further. Conclusions This work sheds light, for the first time, on the post-reproductive dispersal behaviour and schedule of the Lesser Kestrel in Italy.","PeriodicalId":55353,"journal":{"name":"Bird Study","volume":"70 1","pages":"47 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48597909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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