Ageing Research Reviews最新文献_第7页

Insulin resistance as a mediator of physical activity's effects on beta-amyloid accumulation and tau phosphorylation: A scoping review 胰岛素抵抗作为身体活动对β -淀粉样蛋白积累和tau蛋白磷酸化影响的中介：范围综述

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102956

Michael G. Slee , Joanne Scotney , Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith , Kirk I. Erickson , Hamid R. Sohrabi , Giuseppe Verdile , Belinda M. Brown

Background

Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased Alzheimer’s disease risk and brain beta amyloid (Aβ) burden, suggesting an underlying mechanistic relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes. Animal studies show exercise reduces levels of brain Aβ and tau, and while human studies are somewhat limited, some studies have reported physical activity is associated with lower brain Aβ and tau levels. Exercise has well established links to reductions in insulin resistance; thus, as physical activity can impact both insulin resistance and Alzheimer’s disease pathology and/or biomarkers, it is reasonable to hypothesise that a mediating relationship may exist. The objective of this review was to identify what evidence exists that examines the association between insulin, physical activity, Aβ and tau in research conducted on animal models and in human cohorts. We specifically aimed to identify whether insulin resistance has a mediating role in the relationship between physical activity and Aβ and tau.

Methods

A systematic search was performed in Cochrane library, PsycINFO, PubMed and World of Science to identify publications. The search identified 343 articles with 20 articles meeting the full inclusion criteria.

Results

Most animal studies showed that exercise could simultaneously reduce insulin resistance and Alzheimer’s disease pathology and/or biomarkers. We found limited evidence from human research that physical activity was associated with both reduced insulin resistance and Aβ or tau levels. We did not find any evidence that insulin resistance mediates the physical activity – Aβ or tau relationship.

Conclusion

Exercise can simultaneously impact insulin resistance and Alzheimer’s disease pathology in animal models. Results from human research are limited, and no robust evaluation of the potential mediating role of insulin resistance in the physical activity – Aβ or tau relationship exists. Future research should focus on identifying the mediating pathways that may link physical activity to biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease.

背景2型糖尿病与阿尔茨海默病风险增加和脑β淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）负担相关，提示阿尔茨海默病和2型糖尿病之间存在潜在的机制关系。动物研究表明，运动可以降低大脑中Aβ和tau蛋白的水平，而人类研究在一定程度上是有限的，一些研究已经报告了体育活动与较低的大脑Aβ和tau蛋白水平有关。锻炼与降低胰岛素抵抗有很好的联系；因此，由于体育活动可以影响胰岛素抵抗和阿尔茨海默病病理和/或生物标志物，因此有理由假设可能存在中介关系。本综述的目的是确定在动物模型和人类队列研究中存在哪些证据可以检验胰岛素、身体活动、Aβ和tau之间的关联。我们特别旨在确定胰岛素抵抗是否在身体活动与a β和tau之间的关系中起中介作用。方法系统检索Cochrane library、PsycINFO、PubMed、World of Science等文献。检索发现343篇文章，其中20篇符合全部纳入标准。结果大多数动物研究表明，运动可以同时降低胰岛素抵抗和阿尔茨海默病的病理和/或生物标志物。我们从人类研究中发现有限的证据表明，体育活动与降低胰岛素抵抗和Aβ或tau水平有关。我们没有发现任何证据表明胰岛素抵抗介导身体活动- Aβ或tau的关系。结论运动可同时影响动物模型的胰岛素抵抗和阿尔茨海默病病理。人类研究的结果有限，并且没有关于胰岛素抵抗在身体活动- Aβ或tau关系中的潜在中介作用的可靠评估。未来的研究应侧重于确定可能将体育活动与阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物联系起来的中介途径。

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引用次数: 0

Reevaluating principal component analysis in geroscience: A call for nonlinear approaches in AI-based evaluations 重新评价古科学中的主成分分析：对基于人工智能的评价中非线性方法的呼吁

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102964

Yoshiyasu Takefuji

Fuellen et al. (2025) highlighted the essential role of explainable AI methods, particularly principal component analysis (PCA), in evaluating interventions for aging and longevity. However, this paper raises significant concerns regarding PCA's linear and parametric nature, which can misrepresent complex, nonlinear data common in geroscience research. As biological relationships often defy simplistic interpretations, reliance on PCA may obscure vital insights, leading to potential misinterpretations of intervention effects. To enhance accuracy in analyses, this study advocates for the adoption of nonlinear and nonparametric methods, such as Spearman’s rank correlation and Kendall’s tau. By reconsidering their methodological approaches, researchers can foster more accurate and informed evaluations of aging-related interventions.

Fuellen等人（2025）强调了可解释的人工智能方法，特别是主成分分析（PCA）在评估老龄化和长寿干预措施中的重要作用。然而，本文提出了对PCA的线性和参数性质的重大关注，这可能会歪曲古科学研究中常见的复杂非线性数据。由于生物关系往往不接受简单的解释，依赖PCA可能会模糊重要的见解，导致对干预效果的潜在误解。为了提高分析的准确性，本研究提倡采用非线性和非参数方法，如Spearman 's rank correlation和Kendall 's tau。通过重新考虑他们的方法方法，研究人员可以促进更准确和知情的评估老龄化相关的干预措施。

引用次数: 0

The past, present, and future of adipose tissue browning and aging: A review combined with bibliometrics and bioinformatics of 2527 documents published over the past four decades 脂肪组织褐变和衰老的过去、现在和未来：结合文献计量学和生物信息学对过去40年发表的2527篇文献的回顾

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102959

Yucheng Luo , Yuang Song , Minxi Zeng , Bin Li , Ye Li , Ziqing Dong

Aging is one of the factors for the decline in adipose tissue browning and, consequently, age-related metabolic disorders. Metabolic disorders will in turn accelerate aging and lead to a vicious circle. Therefore, the research on the reduced browning of adipose tissue that occurs with aging, that is, adipose tissue browning aging, is necessary and of great significance for the development of metabolically healthy aging. In this study, we performed a bibliometric analysis of 2527 published articles on aging of adipose tissue browning and created a panorama from different levels so that readers could quickly understand the current state of the research field. The burst analysis and timeline analysis were used to identify the research frontiers in the field, and the newly published documents were discussed and summarized. In addition, we performed bioinformatic analysis on the GEO-derived dataset to identify the altered genes and enriched pathways associated with browning during aging. Combined with bibliometric analysis, the most concerned pathway was identified as adipogenesis, and the most concerned genes were PPARG, ADIPOQ and TG. In summary, this study provided a comprehensive picture of the current status of adipose tissue browning and aging research and identified research frontiers. Finally, the pathways and genes of most interest were identified by combined bioinformatic analysis.

衰老是脂肪组织褐变减少的因素之一，因此，与年龄相关的代谢紊乱。代谢紊乱反过来又会加速衰老，导致恶性循环。因此，研究随着年龄增长而发生的脂肪组织褐变减少，即脂肪组织褐变衰老，对于发展代谢健康的衰老是必要的，具有重要意义。在本研究中，我们对已发表的2527篇关于脂肪组织褐变老化的文章进行了文献计量学分析，从不同的层面构建了一个全景图，以便读者能够快速了解研究领域的现状。采用突发分析和时间线分析方法识别该领域的研究前沿，并对新发表的文献进行了讨论和总结。此外，我们对geo衍生数据集进行了生物信息学分析，以确定与衰老过程中褐变相关的改变基因和富集途径。结合文献计量学分析，鉴定出最受关注的途径为脂肪生成，最受关注的基因为PPARG、ADIPOQ和TG。综上所述，本研究全面介绍了脂肪组织褐变与衰老的研究现状，明确了研究前沿。最后，通过联合生物信息学分析确定了最感兴趣的途径和基因。

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引用次数: 0

Technological innovations: Applications of novel imaging techniques and biomarkers in emergency stroke centers 技术创新：新型成像技术和生物标志物在紧急中风中心的应用。

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102962

Mingbin Luo, Jibo Qu , Huan Zhao, Chunmei Lu, Xiaomei Su, Mengyuan Li, Mengsi Yang, Yun Xiang

引用次数: 0

The role of in silico and in vitro models in Parkinson’s disease: Drug discovery and therapy applications 计算机和体外模型在帕金森病中的作用：药物发现和治疗应用。

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102953

Munabize Himwaba , Kermue Vasco Jarnda , Maxwell Tarwin Dweh , Xuan Liu , Yuyue Xiang , Xiyan Zou , Hanxiao Lv , Tianjiao Li , Xinya Tu , Jianwu Wang

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition, marked by a progressive deterioration in both motor and non-motor abilities, which can severely affect the quality of life of the elderly population. With no cure available, innovative tools in treatment development and drug discovery are necessary. For several years, traditional models have been essential; however, they face limitations in replicating the complex setting of Parkinson's disease. In this regard, in silico and in vitro models have become essential tools in advancing Parkinson's disease drug discovery because of the potential they exhibit over traditional models. Here, we comprehensively review the latest innovations in both models and discuss their role in discovering therapeutic targets, optimizing drug candidates, promoting personalized medicine, and identifying biomarkers. While in vitro models better simulate the complicated cell interactions and increase the predictability of therapeutic effects, silico models shine in cost-effectiveness and high-throughput drug screening. Additionally, we discuss how combining advanced technologies with both models can help to overcome current constraints and problems in Parkinson's disease drug discovery, therefore facilitating the development of effective and targeted therapies in a shorter timeframe.

帕金森病是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征是运动和非运动能力的进行性恶化，这可能严重影响老年人的生活质量。由于无法治愈，在治疗开发和药物发现方面的创新工具是必要的。多年来，传统模式一直至关重要；然而，他们在复制帕金森病的复杂环境方面面临着局限性。在这方面，计算机和体外模型已经成为推进帕金森病药物发现的重要工具，因为它们比传统模型更具潜力。在这里，我们全面回顾了这两种模型的最新创新，并讨论了它们在发现治疗靶点、优化候选药物、促进个性化医疗和识别生物标志物方面的作用。体外模型能更好地模拟复杂的细胞相互作用，提高治疗效果的可预测性，而硅模型在成本效益和高通量药物筛选方面大放异彩。此外，我们讨论了如何将先进技术与两种模型相结合，以帮助克服当前帕金森病药物发现的限制和问题，从而促进在更短的时间内开发有效的靶向治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

The muscle-brain axis in type 2 diabetes: Molecular pathways linking sarcopenia and cognitive decline 2型糖尿病的肌肉-脑轴：连接肌肉减少症和认知能力下降的分子途径

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102955

Dionysios Xenos , Francesca Mancinetti , Patrizia Mecocci , Virginia Boccardi

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly recognized as a shared pathological substrate for both sarcopenia and cognitive decline, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review synthesizes current evidence on the converging molecular pathways linking insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation to muscle wasting and neurodegeneration. Central to this interplay is the muscle–brain axis, a bidirectional communication network mediated by myokines, exercise-induced cytokines that influence metabolic and neural homeostasis. Key myokines such as IGF-1, irisin, BDNF, FGF21, and SPARC promote myogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotection, while others including myostatin, IL-8, and GDF-15 exert detrimental effects. Context-dependent molecules such as IL-6, IL-15, lactate, and cathepsin-B show dual roles modulated by aging, inflammation, and metabolic state. Emerging data support that improved glycaemic control, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and sustained physical activity can attenuate both sarcopenia and cognitive decline. This review aims to summarize current evidence describing how insulin resistance, chronic hyperglycaemia, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation interact to promote both muscle wasting and neurodegeneration.

2型糖尿病（T2DM）越来越被认为是肌肉减少症和认知能力下降的共同病理底物，尤其是阿尔茨海默病（AD）。这篇综述综合了目前关于胰岛素抵抗、高血糖、线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激和慢性炎症与肌肉萎缩和神经退行性变之间的分子通路的证据。这种相互作用的核心是肌肉-脑轴，这是一个由肌肉因子介导的双向通信网络，运动诱导的细胞因子影响代谢和神经稳态。关键的肌肉因子如IGF-1、鸢尾素、BDNF、FGF21和SPARC促进肌肉发生、突触可塑性和神经保护，而其他包括肌肉生长抑制素、IL-8和GDF-15则产生有害影响。背景依赖性分子如IL-6、IL-15、乳酸和组织蛋白酶- b显示出受衰老、炎症和代谢状态调节的双重作用。新出现的数据支持改善血糖控制、增强胰岛素敏感性和持续的身体活动可以减轻肌肉减少症和认知能力下降。这篇综述旨在总结目前关于胰岛素抵抗、慢性高血糖、线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激和炎症如何相互作用促进肌肉萎缩和神经退行性变的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetic resonance imaging analysis for Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis using artificial intelligence: Methods, challenges, and opportunities 磁共振成像分析用于阿尔茨海默病的人工智能诊断：方法、挑战和机遇。

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102943

Qiye Shi , Junbao Hou , Xiaohan Peng , Ziqi Xu , Yang Wang , Danna Cao

Alzheimer’s disease(AD) is the most common cause of dementia and affects millions of people worldwide. The early and accurate diagnosis of AD is crucial for timely intervention and disease management. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used noninvasive technique for assessing brain structure and function in patients with AD. However, conventional MRI analysis methods are often subjective, time-consuming, and depend on expert knowledge. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), has emerged as a powerful tool for extracting meaningful information from large and complex MRI data and providing an automated and reliable diagnosis of AD. In this review, we summarize the recent advances and challenges in AI MRI for AD diagnosis, focusing on the following aspects: (1) types and characteristics of MRI data used for AD diagnosis; (2) the main AI models and architectures applied to MRI data analysis; (3) performance and evaluation metrics of AI models for AD diagnosis; (4) potential applications and limitations of AI models for AD diagnosis in clinical practice; and (5) future research directions for AI MRI for AD diagnosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and updated overview of the field and stimulate further research and advancements in AI-aided MRI for the diagnosis of AD.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是痴呆症最常见的病因，影响着全世界数百万人。AD的早期准确诊断对于及时干预和疾病管理至关重要。磁共振成像（MRI）是一种广泛应用于评估AD患者大脑结构和功能的无创技术。然而，传统的MRI分析方法往往是主观的，耗时的，并依赖于专家知识。人工智能（AI），特别是深度学习（DL），已经成为一种强大的工具，可以从大量复杂的MRI数据中提取有意义的信息，并提供AD的自动可靠诊断。本文综述了人工智能MRI在阿尔茨海默病诊断中的最新进展和挑战，重点介绍了以下几个方面：(1)用于阿尔茨海默病诊断的MRI数据的类型和特征；(2)应用于MRI数据分析的主要AI模型和架构；(3)人工智能AD诊断模型的性能及评价指标；(4)人工智能模型在阿尔茨海默病诊断中的潜在应用和局限性；(5) AI MRI在AD诊断中的未来研究方向。本综述旨在提供该领域的全面和最新概述，并促进ai辅助MRI诊断AD的进一步研究和进展。

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引用次数: 0

From genes to lifestyle: A multi-dimensional framework for Alzheimer’s disease prevention and therapy 从基因到生活方式：阿尔茨海默病预防和治疗的多维框架。

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102947

Lining Su , Yanbing Wang

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder driven by multilayered molecular and cellular mechanisms that cannot be fully elucidated through single-omics approaches. Consequently, large-scale multi-omics integration-encompassing transcriptomics, epigenomics (e.g., methylation), and genetic association studies (GWAS/eQTL/mQTL)-has uncovered critical genetic and epigenetic networks underlying disease risk and progression.Based on these integrative insights, this review emphasized several genes-including KLHL21, SCN2B, ZNF415, and PITRM1-as potential contributors to AD pathogenesis. Notably, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics analyses revealed specific enrichment of these genes in astrocytes, underscoring the pivotal role of this cell type in Aβ clearance, tau propagation, and neuroinflammation. Exercise interventions were shown to selectively modulate the expression of these genes, providing molecular support for the preventive and therapeutic potential of non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies. Drug repurposing analyses using DrugBank have identified promising therapeutic candidates, including FDA-approved agents (e.g., valproic acid, raloxifene, and clomipramine) and naturally derived compounds (e.g., quercetin and fisetin), which may modulate key AD-related pathways. Furthermore, emerging evidence of miRNA-gene regulatory networks suggested an additional layer of post-transcriptional control that may regulate responses to pathological stimuli. Collectively, these integrative insights advocated for a multidimensional precision medicine framework that spans genetic, cellular,network, and lifestyle levels of regulation. This shift from single-target therapeutics to an integrated “gene-cell-network-lifestyle” paradigm open new theoretical and translational avenues for delaying or mitigating AD progression.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病，由多层分子和细胞机制驱动，无法通过单组学方法完全阐明。因此，大规模的多组学整合——包括转录组学、表观基因组学（如甲基化）和遗传关联研究（GWAS/eQTL/mQTL）——揭示了疾病风险和进展背后的关键遗传和表观遗传网络。基于这些综合见解，本综述强调了包括KLHL21、SCN2B、ZNF415和pitrm1在内的几个基因是AD发病的潜在因素。值得注意的是，单细胞和空间转录组学分析揭示了星形胶质细胞中这些基因的特异性富集，强调了这种细胞类型在Aβ清除、tau增殖和神经炎症中的关键作用。研究表明，运动干预可以选择性地调节这些基因的表达，为非药物生活方式策略的预防和治疗潜力提供分子支持。使用DrugBank的药物再利用分析已经确定了有希望的治疗候选药物，包括fda批准的药物（如丙戊酸、雷洛昔芬和氯丙咪嗪）和天然衍生化合物（如槲皮素和非西汀），它们可能调节关键的ad相关途径。此外，mirna基因调控网络的新证据表明，另一层转录后控制可能调节对病理刺激的反应。总的来说，这些综合见解主张建立一个多维精准医学框架，涵盖基因、细胞、网络和生活方式水平的调控。这种从单靶点治疗到“基因-细胞-网络-生活方式”的整合模式的转变，为延缓或减轻阿尔茨海默病的进展开辟了新的理论和转化途径。

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引用次数: 0

Aging in women – The microbiome perspective 女性的衰老——微生物组的观点。

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102950

Maria Laura Ferrando, Fabio Busonero, Francesca Crobu, Serena Sanna

Menopause is a hallmark of women's aging and is frequently portrayed as a medical issue. It also encompasses social and biological aspects often neglected and not well-understood, leaving women with insufficient support and attention. With the decline in estrogen levels, starting years before menopause is fully established, women experience various physical symptoms, and the risk of many age-related diseases increases sharply soon after these hormonal changes occur. Notably, these hormonal shifts also significantly impact the vaginal and gut microbiomes, contributing to dysbiosis and influencing the onset and progression of several diseases. Here, we examined the complex and dynamic relationship among aging, menopause, and microbiome changes with a particular focus on the vaginal and gut ecosystems. Emerging research highlights diet as a potential modulator for maintaining microbiome health during menopause. A deeper understanding of microbiome changes across life stages suggests the potential for microbiome-targeted strategies to support well-aging in women.

更年期是女性衰老的标志，经常被描绘成一个医学问题。它还包括经常被忽视和不被充分理解的社会和生物方面，使妇女得不到足够的支持和关注。随着雌激素水平的下降，在绝经期完全确定前几年就开始了，妇女经历了各种身体症状，在这些激素变化发生后不久，许多与年龄有关的疾病的风险急剧增加。值得注意的是，这些激素变化也会显著影响阴道和肠道微生物群，导致生态失调，并影响几种疾病的发生和进展。在这里，我们研究了衰老、更年期和微生物组变化之间复杂而动态的关系，特别关注阴道和肠道生态系统。新兴研究强调饮食是维持更年期微生物群健康的潜在调节剂。对生命各阶段微生物组变化的更深入了解表明，针对微生物组的策略有可能支持女性的健康衰老。

引用次数: 0

Next-generation biosensor technologies for Alzheimer’s disease: Innovations in diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment 阿尔茨海默病的下一代生物传感器技术：诊断、监测和治疗方面的创新。

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102954

Can Yin , Xinxin Tang , Juan Zeng , Zhengqin Wang , Jianing Mi , Ying Liang , Dalian Qin , Qitong Feng , Anguo Wu

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, remains a global health crisis due to the lack of early diagnostic tools, dynamic monitoring strategies, and effective therapies. Current diagnostic methods such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and neuroimaging, while accurate, are invasive, expensive, and unsuitable for routine screening, highlighting the pressing need for alternative approaches. This review comprehensively examines the transformative role of next-generation biosensors in revolutionizing AD management. By leveraging breakthroughs in nanotechnology, materials science, and artificial intelligence (AI), modern biosensors enable ultrasensitive, non-invasive detection of AD biomarkers, including amyloid-β (Aβ), Tau proteins, and neurofilament light chain (NfL), across diverse biofluids such as blood, saliva, and tears. We critically evaluate electrochemical, optical, and acoustic biosensing platforms, highlighting their integration into wearable and portable devices for real-time disease monitoring and personalized therapeutic interventions. Emerging trends such as AI-driven analytics, CRISPR-based diagnostics, and closed-loop neuromodulation systems are explored for their potential to decode disease progression and optimize treatment responses. Challenges in clinical translation, including sensor stability, regulatory hurdles, and ethical considerations, are addressed to pave the way for scalable, patient-centric solutions. By synthesizing cutting-edge advancements and interdisciplinary insights, this review charts a roadmap for biosensor technologies to shift AD care from reactive to proactive, ultimately improving quality of life for patients and caregivers.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的神经退行性疾病，由于缺乏早期诊断工具、动态监测策略和有效治疗，它仍然是全球健康危机。目前的诊断方法，如脑脊液（CSF）分析和神经成像，虽然准确，但具有侵入性、昂贵且不适合常规筛查，因此迫切需要替代方法。这篇综述全面探讨了下一代生物传感器在革命性AD管理中的变革作用。通过利用纳米技术，材料科学和人工智能（AI）的突破，现代生物传感器能够超灵敏，无创地检测AD生物标志物，包括淀粉样蛋白-β (Aβ)， Tau蛋白和神经丝轻链(NfL)-跨越各种生物流体，如血液，唾液和眼泪。我们批判性地评估了电化学、光学和声学生物传感平台，强调了它们与可穿戴和便携式设备的集成，用于实时疾病监测和个性化治疗干预。新兴趋势，如人工智能驱动的分析，基于crispr的诊断和闭环神经调节系统，探索其解码疾病进展和优化治疗反应的潜力。解决了临床翻译中的挑战，包括传感器稳定性、监管障碍和伦理考虑，为可扩展的、以患者为中心的解决方案铺平了道路。通过综合前沿进展和跨学科见解，本综述描绘了生物传感器技术将AD护理从被动转变为主动的路线图，最终提高患者和护理人员的生活质量。

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引用次数: 0