Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50686
Syed Shaheen Shah, A. Aziz
Carbon is one of the versatile materials used in modern life for human welfare. It has a wide range of applications such as drug delivery, coatings, energy generation and storage, gas separation, water purification, sensor fabrication, and catalysis. Most of the widely used carbon materials are graphene and carbon nanotubes. Nonrenewable precursors (e.g., natural gas), toxic chemicals, and complex synthesis methods are often required for their preparation, limiting their wide practical applications. Besides these, biomass-derived carbons are attractive materials as they can be prepared simply from renewable biomass. However, their practical applications' success partially depends on their properties like size, shape, porosity, and presence of heteroatoms, which can be controlled by selecting the proper type of biomass, activating agent, and preparation method. It is noted that different species of plants have different chemical compositions and textures. This mini-review summarizes our group's recent sophisticated developments in agricultural-bio-waste-derived carbonaceous materials, including nanomaterials for electrocatalytic water splitting, electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, water splitting, water treatment, gas separation, and enhance oil recovery. This offers valuable insights and essential guidelines towards the future design of agro-waste derived carbonaceous materials in various applications.
{"title":"Agricultural product-derived carbon for energy, sensing, and environmental applications: A mini-review","authors":"Syed Shaheen Shah, A. Aziz","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50686","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon is one of the versatile materials used in modern life for human welfare. It has a wide range of applications such as drug delivery, coatings, energy generation and storage, gas separation, water purification, sensor fabrication, and catalysis. Most of the widely used carbon materials are graphene and carbon nanotubes. Nonrenewable precursors (e.g., natural gas), toxic chemicals, and complex synthesis methods are often required for their preparation, limiting their wide practical applications. Besides these, biomass-derived carbons are attractive materials as they can be prepared simply from renewable biomass. However, their practical applications' success partially depends on their properties like size, shape, porosity, and presence of heteroatoms, which can be controlled by selecting the proper type of biomass, activating agent, and preparation method. It is noted that different species of plants have different chemical compositions and textures. This mini-review summarizes our group's recent sophisticated developments in agricultural-bio-waste-derived carbonaceous materials, including nanomaterials for electrocatalytic water splitting, electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, water splitting, water treatment, gas separation, and enhance oil recovery. This offers valuable insights and essential guidelines towards the future design of agro-waste derived carbonaceous materials in various applications.","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"467-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47670372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50662
B. Citak, H. Dural
The present study was designed to analyse the anatomy of the vegetative and reproductive parts of Turkish Iberis species from a systematic point of view. Samples of leaves, stems, roots, fruits, and seeds of each species were collected, fixed, and processed according to the paraffin method for light microscopy. The numerical analysis derived from 11 anatomical characteristics showed that the number and dimensions of vessels in the root, presence of aerenchyma in the leaf, number and dimensions of palisade parenchyma, and mesophyll type were useful for grouping the Iberis taxa. The testa was composed of four layers: the epidermis, subepidermis, compact tissue, and parenchyma. The testa thickness was a significant character to distinguish the investigated Iberis species. In this study, the traditional classification of Turkish Iberis species was mostly congruent with the dendrogram generated vegetative anatomical properties. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 213-224, 2020 (December)
{"title":"The anatomical structures of the genus Iberis L. (Brassicaceae) in Turkey","authors":"B. Citak, H. Dural","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50662","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to analyse the anatomy of the vegetative and reproductive parts of Turkish Iberis species from a systematic point of view. Samples of leaves, stems, roots, fruits, and seeds of each species were collected, fixed, and processed according to the paraffin method for light microscopy. The numerical analysis derived from 11 anatomical characteristics showed that the number and dimensions of vessels in the root, presence of aerenchyma in the leaf, number and dimensions of palisade parenchyma, and mesophyll type were useful for grouping the Iberis taxa. The testa was composed of four layers: the epidermis, subepidermis, compact tissue, and parenchyma. The testa thickness was a significant character to distinguish the investigated Iberis species. In this study, the traditional classification of Turkish Iberis species was mostly congruent with the dendrogram generated vegetative anatomical properties. \u0000Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 213-224, 2020 (December)","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"213-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48206986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50680
M. Z. Uddin, G. Kibria, Amit Sarker, A. Roy
Khadimnagar National Park is one of the reserved secondary forests, located in northern side of Sylhet Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh. Arare, fan-shaped palm species, locally called Aanor or Chatipata has primarily been located in the park. The plants have yetto bear any flowers and fruits. Leaf specimens were collected and studied in plant taxonomy laboratory. The sterile specimens were identified as Livistona jenkinsiana Griff. based on external morphological characters. Further exploration is necessary in Bangladesh to find its population status and distribution record of Livistona jenkisiana Griff. When exploring Khadimnagar national park of Sylhet forest division in 2015 to find out the plant species of conservation worthiness the authors were encountered with a number of palms in the stream sides at the beginning of two hours trail near the forest beat office. The area is deep forest with no disturbance from humanity dominated by a good number of tree species particularly Chapalish (Artocarpus chama Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.), Champa (Michelia champaca L.), Agar (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), Shegun (Techtona grandis L. f.), Zybans (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex Wendl.), bushy vegetations, climbers and annual herbaceous plants. Wildlife population including hanuman was encountered during the visit. Among the palm plants, one palm was identified as Pinanga gracilis which was listed earlier as red plant in our country but other one palm with fan-shaped leaves locally called Aanor or Chatipata could not be identified in the field. The authors observed carefully its vegetative growth form and took a number of images from different angles and also collected plant specimens for further study using traditional taxonomic techniques (Hyland 1972; Alexiades 1996). The specimens later were brought to plant taxonomy laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka where this was thoroughly examined and studied for all morphological properties. The unknown palm species was identified as Livistona jenkinsiana Griffith by matching of its properties with the properties given in the Flora of China (Wu et al., 2007) and Major Jenkin’s palm in Thailand (Barfod et al., 2010). Identification was confirmed by discussing with Professor Anders Sanchez Barfod, Department of Biological Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark and also authenticated by comparing with Google known images of LivistonaJenkinsianaGriff. The species has primarily been reported as rare species recorded from Bangladesh which belongs to the family Arecaceae. Earlier the species was reported by William Griffith in 1845 from Assam and he mentioned the species may occur in Bangladesh. Very recently Barfod et al. (2010) also mentioned that the species may occur in Bangladesh territory. After W. Griffith a good number of works were done on the flora of Bangladesh including Hooker (1892), Prain (1903), Rahman and Hassan (1995), Uddin et al. (1998), Uddin and Rahman (1999), Khan and Huq (2001), Uddin et al. (200
Khadimnagar国家公园是保留的次生林之一,位于孟加拉国Sylhet Sadar Upazila的北侧。Arare,扇形棕榈物种,当地称为Aanor或Chatipata,主要位于公园内。这些植物尚未结出任何花朵和果实。在植物分类学实验室对叶片标本进行了采集和研究。无菌标本被鉴定为詹金斯氏利文斯顿菌。基于外部形态特征。需要在孟加拉国进行进一步的探索,以找到其人口状况和分布记录。2015年,当作者在Sylhet森林部门的Khadimnagar国家公园探索具有保护价值的植物物种时,在森林巡逻办公室附近两个小时的小径开始时,他们在溪流边遇到了一些棕榈树。该地区是一片深林,没有受到人类的干扰,主要有大量的树种,特别是Chapalish(Artocarpus chama Buch.-Ham.ex Wall.)、Champa(Michelia champaca L.)、Agar(Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.)、Shegun(Techtona grandis L.f.)、Zybans(Bambusa vulgaris Schrad.ex Wendl)、茂密的植被、攀缘植物和一年生草本植物。访问期间遇到了包括哈努曼在内的野生动物种群。在棕榈植物中,有一种棕榈被鉴定为细叶棕,它在我国早些时候被列为红色植物,但另一种当地称为Aanor或Chatipata的扇形叶棕榈在野外无法鉴定。作者仔细观察了它的营养生长形式,从不同角度拍摄了许多图像,还收集了植物标本,以使用传统的分类学技术进行进一步研究(Hyland 1972;Alexiades 1996)。这些标本后来被带到达卡大学植物系植物分类学实验室,在那里对其进行了彻底的检查和研究,以确定其所有形态特征。通过将其特性与《中国植物志》(Wu et al.,2007)和泰国的詹金少校棕榈(Barfod et al.,2010)中给出的特性进行匹配,确定该未知棕榈物种为詹金氏Livingstona jenkinsiana Griffith。通过与丹麦奥胡斯大学生物科学系Anders Sanchez-Barfod教授的讨论,确认了身份,并通过与谷歌已知的LivingstonaJenkinsianaGriff图像进行比较进行了验证。该物种主要被报道为孟加拉国记录的稀有物种,属于槟榔科。1845年,威廉·格里菲斯在阿萨姆邦报告了该物种,他提到该物种可能出现在孟加拉国。最近Barfod等人(2010)也提到该物种可能出现在孟加拉国境内。在W.Griffith之后,对孟加拉国的植物群进行了大量的研究,包括Hooker(1892)、Prain(1903)、Rahman和Hassan(1995)、Uddin等人(1998)、Uddin和Rahman(1999)、Khan和Huq(2001)、Uldin等人(2002)、Udden等人(2005)、Rafiqul等人(2009)、Tutul等人(09)、Udin和Hassan2010)、Arefin等人(2010)、Khondker等人(2010年)和Uddin等人(20112013)。但没有研究人员报告这种来自孟加拉国领土的稀有物种。因此,这种稀有物种主要在
{"title":"Status of occurrence of Livistona jenkinsiana Griff. in Bangladesh","authors":"M. Z. Uddin, G. Kibria, Amit Sarker, A. Roy","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50680","url":null,"abstract":"Khadimnagar National Park is one of the reserved secondary forests, located in northern side of Sylhet Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh. Arare, fan-shaped palm species, locally called Aanor or Chatipata has primarily been located in the park. The plants have yetto bear any flowers and fruits. Leaf specimens were collected and studied in plant taxonomy laboratory. The sterile specimens were identified as Livistona jenkinsiana Griff. based on external morphological characters. Further exploration is necessary in Bangladesh to find its population status and distribution record of Livistona jenkisiana Griff. When exploring Khadimnagar national park of Sylhet forest division in 2015 to find out the plant species of conservation worthiness the authors were encountered with a number of palms in the stream sides at the beginning of two hours trail near the forest beat office. The area is deep forest with no disturbance from humanity dominated by a good number of tree species particularly Chapalish (Artocarpus chama Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.), Champa (Michelia champaca L.), Agar (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), Shegun (Techtona grandis L. f.), Zybans (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex Wendl.), bushy vegetations, climbers and annual herbaceous plants. Wildlife population including hanuman was encountered during the visit. Among the palm plants, one palm was identified as Pinanga gracilis which was listed earlier as red plant in our country but other one palm with fan-shaped leaves locally called Aanor or Chatipata could not be identified in the field. The authors observed carefully its vegetative growth form and took a number of images from different angles and also collected plant specimens for further study using traditional taxonomic techniques (Hyland 1972; Alexiades 1996). The specimens later were brought to plant taxonomy laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka where this was thoroughly examined and studied for all morphological properties. The unknown palm species was identified as Livistona jenkinsiana Griffith by matching of its properties with the properties given in the Flora of China (Wu et al., 2007) and Major Jenkin’s palm in Thailand (Barfod et al., 2010). Identification was confirmed by discussing with Professor Anders Sanchez Barfod, Department of Biological Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark and also authenticated by comparing with Google known images of LivistonaJenkinsianaGriff. The species has primarily been reported as rare species recorded from Bangladesh which belongs to the family Arecaceae. Earlier the species was reported by William Griffith in 1845 from Assam and he mentioned the species may occur in Bangladesh. Very recently Barfod et al. (2010) also mentioned that the species may occur in Bangladesh territory. After W. Griffith a good number of works were done on the flora of Bangladesh including Hooker (1892), Prain (1903), Rahman and Hassan (1995), Uddin et al. (1998), Uddin and Rahman (1999), Khan and Huq (2001), Uddin et al. (200","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"435-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42233679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50674
A. Rahman, Most Mejanara Khatun
Leafy vegetables in Chapai Nawabganj district of Bangladesh was studied from January to December 2019. A total of 111 species belonging to 59 genera under 30 families were recorded, out of which, 52.25% species were wild and 46.84% species were cultivated in this study. Status of occurrence has been recorded for proper conservation management and sustainable utilization of the taxa resulting in 81.98% to be common, 17.11% as rare and 0.90% are found as vulnerable in the study area. A total of 93 medicinal plants have been documented with their uses for the cure of more than 53 diseases. The study showed that the people of Chapai Nawabganj district use leafy vegetables to treat their diseases. Therefore, the documented leafy vegetables should be further investigated for their efficacy and safety to be integrated into conventional medicine. Further more these leafy vegetables need to be conserved for their sustainable utilization. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 359-375, 2020 (December)
{"title":"Leafy vegetables in Chapai Nawabganj district of Bangladesh focusing on medicinal value","authors":"A. Rahman, Most Mejanara Khatun","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50674","url":null,"abstract":"Leafy vegetables in Chapai Nawabganj district of Bangladesh was studied from January to December 2019. A total of 111 species belonging to 59 genera under 30 families were recorded, out of which, 52.25% species were wild and 46.84% species were cultivated in this study. Status of occurrence has been recorded for proper conservation management and sustainable utilization of the taxa resulting in 81.98% to be common, 17.11% as rare and 0.90% are found as vulnerable in the study area. A total of 93 medicinal plants have been documented with their uses for the cure of more than 53 diseases. The study showed that the people of Chapai Nawabganj district use leafy vegetables to treat their diseases. Therefore, the documented leafy vegetables should be further investigated for their efficacy and safety to be integrated into conventional medicine. Further more these leafy vegetables need to be conserved for their sustainable utilization. \u0000Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 359-375, 2020 (December)","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"359-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49270630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50663
A. Hassan, Almujaddade Alfasane, M. Z. Uddin
Living specimens of three colour forms (pink, white and yellowish white) of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. were observed in different natural habitats of Bangladesh and collected. Fresh specimens were studied in the field as well as in the laboratory. After detailed study it was concluded that the three colour forms available in Bangladesh belong to the same species, Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. However, the yellowish white colour form, having many stamens petaloid, is considered as a new cultivar Nelumbo nucifera ‘Gomoti’ and reported here as the first lotus cultivar from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 225-231, 2020 (December)
{"title":"Taxonomic notes on Nelumbo Adans. with a new cultivar ‘Gomoti’ from Bangladesh","authors":"A. Hassan, Almujaddade Alfasane, M. Z. Uddin","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50663","url":null,"abstract":"Living specimens of three colour forms (pink, white and yellowish white) of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. were observed in different natural habitats of Bangladesh and collected. Fresh specimens were studied in the field as well as in the laboratory. After detailed study it was concluded that the three colour forms available in Bangladesh belong to the same species, Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. However, the yellowish white colour form, having many stamens petaloid, is considered as a new cultivar Nelumbo nucifera ‘Gomoti’ and reported here as the first lotus cultivar from Bangladesh. \u0000Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 225-231, 2020 (December)","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"225-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46817554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50670
M. Rahman, Tasnim Tahia Huq, M. Begum
A taxonomic study on the flora of Dohar upazila (sub-district) under Dhaka district has been conducted that results in occurrence of 204 angiosperm taxa under 165 genera and 68 families. Magnoliopsida is represented by 158 taxa distributed in 129 genera and 53 families. In contrast, Liliopsida is constituted by 46 taxa under 36 genera and 15 families. Asteraceae appears to be the largest family in Magnoliopsida consisting of 16 species, whereas Poaceae is the largest family with 16 species in Liliopsida. In Magnoliopsida, 23 families are represented by a single species, while in Liliopsida, 7 families are symbolized by a single species. Vegetation analysis shows that herbs are represented by 133 taxa, shrubs by 23 and trees by 48 taxa. Dichotomous bracketed keys to the families, genera, species and varieties are provided for easy identification of the taxa. Each taxon is supplemented by updated nomenclature, habit and representative specimen. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 293-322, 2020 (December)
{"title":"A synoptical account on the flora of Dohar upazila under Dhaka district of Bangladesh","authors":"M. Rahman, Tasnim Tahia Huq, M. Begum","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50670","url":null,"abstract":"A taxonomic study on the flora of Dohar upazila (sub-district) under Dhaka district has been conducted that results in occurrence of 204 angiosperm taxa under 165 genera and 68 families. Magnoliopsida is represented by 158 taxa distributed in 129 genera and 53 families. In contrast, Liliopsida is constituted by 46 taxa under 36 genera and 15 families. Asteraceae appears to be the largest family in Magnoliopsida consisting of 16 species, whereas Poaceae is the largest family with 16 species in Liliopsida. In Magnoliopsida, 23 families are represented by a single species, while in Liliopsida, 7 families are symbolized by a single species. Vegetation analysis shows that herbs are represented by 133 taxa, shrubs by 23 and trees by 48 taxa. Dichotomous bracketed keys to the families, genera, species and varieties are provided for easy identification of the taxa. Each taxon is supplemented by updated nomenclature, habit and representative specimen. \u0000Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 293-322, 2020 (December)","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"293-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47585049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50684
S. Jabeen, B. Waseem, Tuba, M. Hamid, A. Yasmeen
Leucoagaricus Locq. ex Singer is represented by more than 150 species of agaricoid, saprotrophic fungi distributed all over the world (Kirk et al., 2008; Kumari and Atri, 2013; Yuan and Liang, 2014; Nabe et al., 2014; Ge et al., 2017; Justo et al., 2015; Qasim et al., 2015; Yu et al., 2016; Hussain et al., 2018; Usman and Khalid 2018; Verma and Vimal, 2018; Sysouphanthong et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2019; Ullah et al., 2020). Only 11 Leucoagaricus species have been reported from Pakistan so far (Ahmad et al., 1997; Qasim et al., 2015; Ge et al., 2017; Hussain et al., 2018; Usman and Khalid, 2018; Ullah et al., 2020). Leucoagaricus is characterized by small to medium, fleshy or thin basidiomata, ranging in stature from slender to sturdy; a pileus surface that is radially fibrillose, floccose, squamulose to fibrillose-scaly or granulose (rarely); entire or very short striate margins; a central, equal to bulbous stipe with a membranous, sometimes moveable annulus; metachromatic basidiospores generally lack a welldefined germ pore and are thin-walled and smooth; and the pileipellis is either a trichoderm or a cutis of repent and radially arranged hyphae lacking sphaerocysts. Pleurocystidia are absent in most species. Clamp connections are absent (Singer 1986; Vellinga 2001). The present study focuses on morphological and molecular characterization of a Leucoagaricus species collected in the Changa Manga forest, Kasur district, Punjab, Pakistan. This research is an effort to establish the fungal diversity of this forest. During field survey in 2019 for the collection of macrofungi to explore the diversity of these fungi from Changa Manga. A number of basidiomata of Leucoagaricus were collected. Field notes were recorded and the samples were air dried and preserved for future analysis. Macroscopic descriptions were based on the fresh material. Significant characters involve size, shape and color of the pileus; attachment and color of lamellae; presence of annulus on stipe. Color codes were given using Munsell (1975) color system. For micro-morphology, dried samples were examined using standard microscopic techniques. Different chemicals were used as mounting media according to requirements. For rehydration, 5% KOH was used, and for staining the walls of hyaline hyphae, Congo red was used. The anatomical features were observed under microscope Xsz 107BN adjusting at 100× objective lens. Measurements were noted using calibrated Motic Images Plus 2.0 software. For basidiospores, [n/m/p] represents n number of spores, measured from m basidiomata and p collections, l × w represents spore dimensions, extreme values are given in parenthesis. Q values are given as l × w ratio while definitions of the Q values for spores are given following Bas (1969). Drawings were made from the laptop screen. The examined specimens are deposited in the herbarium (LAH), Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan. For DNA extraction, th
Leucoagaricus Locq。ex Singer以分布在世界各地的150多种类木脂腐养真菌为代表(Kirk et al., 2008;Kumari and Atri, 2013;袁亮,2014;Nabe et al., 2014;Ge等人,2017;Justo et al., 2015;Qasim等,2015;Yu et al., 2016;Hussain et al., 2018;Usman and Khalid 2018;Verma and Vimal, 2018;Sysouphanthong等人,2018;Yang et al., 2019;Ullah et al., 2020)。迄今为止,巴基斯坦仅报道了11种Leucoagaricus (Ahmad et al., 1997;Qasim等,2015;Ge等人,2017;Hussain et al., 2018;Usman and Khalid, 2018;Ullah et al., 2020)。白松菇的特征是小到中等,肉质或薄的担子瘤,身材从细长到坚固不等;根状纤维状,絮状,鳞状到纤维状鳞状或颗粒状的菌毛表面(很少);全缘或非常短的具条纹的边缘;一中央的,等于球茎花柱具一膜质,有时可移动的环;异色担子孢子通常缺乏定义清楚的胚芽孔,壁薄且光滑;毛被要么是一种毛被,要么是一种鳞片,菌丝呈放射状排列,没有球囊。在大多数种中没有胸膜囊。没有夹紧连接(Singer 1986;Vellinga 2001)。本文研究了在巴基斯坦旁遮普省Kasur地区Changa Manga森林中采集的一种Leucoagaricus的形态和分子特征。本研究旨在确定该森林真菌的多样性。在2019年的大型真菌采集现场调查中,探索了樟加漫画这些真菌的多样性。收集了大量白松菇担子瘤。记录现场记录,将样品风干并保存以备将来分析。宏观描述是基于新鲜的材料。重要特征包括菌毛的大小、形状和颜色;薄片的附着和颜色;花柄上存在环。使用Munsell(1975)颜色系统给出颜色代码。对于微观形态,使用标准显微技术检查干燥样品。根据要求使用不同的化学物质作为安装介质。用5% KOH复水化,用刚果红染色透明菌丝壁。在Xsz 107BN显微镜下,以100倍物镜调节观察解剖特征。使用校正后的Motic Images Plus 2.0软件记录测量结果。对于担子孢子,[n/m/p]表示n个孢子数,从m个担子瘤和p个收集物中测量,1 × w表示孢子尺寸,极值在括号中给出。Q值以l × w比值给出,而孢子Q值的定义根据Bas(1969)给出。图纸是在笔记本电脑屏幕上绘制的。检查后的标本存放在巴基斯坦拉合尔Quaid-e-Azam校区旁遮普大学植物系植物标本室(LAH)。提取DNA时,使用Extract-N-AmpTM试剂盒(SigmaAldrich, St Louis, MO, USA)。进行PCR扩增和测序
{"title":"First record of Leucoagaricus nivalis from Pakistan","authors":"S. Jabeen, B. Waseem, Tuba, M. Hamid, A. Yasmeen","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50684","url":null,"abstract":"Leucoagaricus Locq. ex Singer is represented by more than 150 species of agaricoid, saprotrophic fungi distributed all over the world (Kirk et al., 2008; Kumari and Atri, 2013; Yuan and Liang, 2014; Nabe et al., 2014; Ge et al., 2017; Justo et al., 2015; Qasim et al., 2015; Yu et al., 2016; Hussain et al., 2018; Usman and Khalid 2018; Verma and Vimal, 2018; Sysouphanthong et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2019; Ullah et al., 2020). Only 11 Leucoagaricus species have been reported from Pakistan so far (Ahmad et al., 1997; Qasim et al., 2015; Ge et al., 2017; Hussain et al., 2018; Usman and Khalid, 2018; Ullah et al., 2020). Leucoagaricus is characterized by small to medium, fleshy or thin basidiomata, ranging in stature from slender to sturdy; a pileus surface that is radially fibrillose, floccose, squamulose to fibrillose-scaly or granulose (rarely); entire or very short striate margins; a central, equal to bulbous stipe with a membranous, sometimes moveable annulus; metachromatic basidiospores generally lack a welldefined germ pore and are thin-walled and smooth; and the pileipellis is either a trichoderm or a cutis of repent and radially arranged hyphae lacking sphaerocysts. Pleurocystidia are absent in most species. Clamp connections are absent (Singer 1986; Vellinga 2001). The present study focuses on morphological and molecular characterization of a Leucoagaricus species collected in the Changa Manga forest, Kasur district, Punjab, Pakistan. This research is an effort to establish the fungal diversity of this forest. During field survey in 2019 for the collection of macrofungi to explore the diversity of these fungi from Changa Manga. A number of basidiomata of Leucoagaricus were collected. Field notes were recorded and the samples were air dried and preserved for future analysis. Macroscopic descriptions were based on the fresh material. Significant characters involve size, shape and color of the pileus; attachment and color of lamellae; presence of annulus on stipe. Color codes were given using Munsell (1975) color system. For micro-morphology, dried samples were examined using standard microscopic techniques. Different chemicals were used as mounting media according to requirements. For rehydration, 5% KOH was used, and for staining the walls of hyaline hyphae, Congo red was used. The anatomical features were observed under microscope Xsz 107BN adjusting at 100× objective lens. Measurements were noted using calibrated Motic Images Plus 2.0 software. For basidiospores, [n/m/p] represents n number of spores, measured from m basidiomata and p collections, l × w represents spore dimensions, extreme values are given in parenthesis. Q values are given as l × w ratio while definitions of the Q values for spores are given following Bas (1969). Drawings were made from the laptop screen. The examined specimens are deposited in the herbarium (LAH), Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan. For DNA extraction, th","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"453-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46170191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50685
K. R. Mazo, L. Aribal
The Dipterocarpaceae is the only timber-producing taxon in the angiosperm, and it is the most important source of timber in Southeast Asia (Soerianegara and Lemmens, 1993). Dipterocarp trees are influential in their structure and function (Brearley et al., 2017). Dipterocarps are highly productive (Banin et al., 2014) and important storage of above-ground carbon (Slik et al., 2013). The taxonomy of several genera of Dipterocarpaceae is relatively well defined but the genus Shorea remains problematic and has proved most controversial (Maury-Lechon and Curtet, 1998). In the Philippines, there are about 45 species of dipterocarps distributed in 6 genera (Rojo and Aragones Jr, 1997). It has been well-studied but the identities of individual species remain ambiguous (Rojo and Aragones Jr, 1997). In Mindanao, a species locally known as "malacayan blanco" was originally described by Foxworthy (1938) from Zamboanga Province, and named as Pentacme mindanensis. Based on Foxworthy’s description, P. mindanensis has resemblance with Shorea contorta but differs in its large leaves and large fruits. However, Ashton (1978) treated P. mindanensis as a synonym of S. contorta, an island endemic, commonest, and widely distributed dipterocarp species (Foxworthy, 1938; Rojo and Aragones Jr, 1997). Furthermore, there are few detailed morphological, anatomical (Pulan and Buot, 2014), and molecular (Umali, 2016; Villarin et al., 2016) studies on S. contorta. Until recently, Umali (2016) confirmed through molecular characterization that S. contorta and P. mindanensis are two different species. Generally, the recent advancement in biosystematics using DNA sequences has provided evidences to the resolution in the correct classification of many dubious taxon. However, doubts to the reliability of the system arises because many species with very obvious morphological dissimilarities were merged and considered into one species, for instance, Ficus latsonii Elmer and Ficus variegata Blume of Moraceae, the former having a distinct brown-orange trunk while the later has whitish. Also, for the species Melicope monophylla Merr. and Melicope triphylla (Lam.) Merr. of Rutaceae, the former with simple leaf while the latter having a compound one. In this present study, our longstanding knowledge on these species aside from differing fruits and leaf sizes was based mainly on the color of the inner bark with P. mindanensis having a cream-yellow while S. contorta has white. Thus, in support to the work of Umali (2016), we aim to provide more striking differences via leaf morphometrics. Leaf morphometrics has proved to be effective in resolving taxonomic problems and discriminating species.
{"title":"Elucidating differences between two confusing Shorea contorta S. Vid and Pentacme mindanensis Foxw. species of Dipterocarpaceae via leaf morphometrics: An initial investigation","authors":"K. R. Mazo, L. Aribal","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50685","url":null,"abstract":"The Dipterocarpaceae is the only timber-producing taxon in the angiosperm, and it is the most important source of timber in Southeast Asia (Soerianegara and Lemmens, 1993). Dipterocarp trees are influential in their structure and function (Brearley et al., 2017). Dipterocarps are highly productive (Banin et al., 2014) and important storage of above-ground carbon (Slik et al., 2013). The taxonomy of several genera of Dipterocarpaceae is relatively well defined but the genus Shorea remains problematic and has proved most controversial (Maury-Lechon and Curtet, 1998). In the Philippines, there are about 45 species of dipterocarps distributed in 6 genera (Rojo and Aragones Jr, 1997). It has been well-studied but the identities of individual species remain ambiguous (Rojo and Aragones Jr, 1997). In Mindanao, a species locally known as \"malacayan blanco\" was originally described by Foxworthy (1938) from Zamboanga Province, and named as Pentacme mindanensis. Based on Foxworthy’s description, P. mindanensis has resemblance with Shorea contorta but differs in its large leaves and large fruits. However, Ashton (1978) treated P. mindanensis as a synonym of S. contorta, an island endemic, commonest, and widely distributed dipterocarp species (Foxworthy, 1938; Rojo and Aragones Jr, 1997). Furthermore, there are few detailed morphological, anatomical (Pulan and Buot, 2014), and molecular (Umali, 2016; Villarin et al., 2016) studies on S. contorta. Until recently, Umali (2016) confirmed through molecular characterization that S. contorta and P. mindanensis are two different species. Generally, the recent advancement in biosystematics using DNA sequences has provided evidences to the resolution in the correct classification of many dubious taxon. However, doubts to the reliability of the system arises because many species with very obvious morphological dissimilarities were merged and considered into one species, for instance, Ficus latsonii Elmer and Ficus variegata Blume of Moraceae, the former having a distinct brown-orange trunk while the later has whitish. Also, for the species Melicope monophylla Merr. and Melicope triphylla (Lam.) Merr. of Rutaceae, the former with simple leaf while the latter having a compound one. In this present study, our longstanding knowledge on these species aside from differing fruits and leaf sizes was based mainly on the color of the inner bark with P. mindanensis having a cream-yellow while S. contorta has white. Thus, in support to the work of Umali (2016), we aim to provide more striking differences via leaf morphometrics. Leaf morphometrics has proved to be effective in resolving taxonomic problems and discriminating species.","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"461-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44802257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethnobotany is considered to include all studies, which focus on the mutual relationship between plants and traditional people (Cotton and Wilkie 1996; Harshberger, 1896). Nepal is the multi-ethnic, multi-lingual and multi-religious nation with diversified culture and tradition. There are more than 123 caste/ethnic groups speaking 123 languages (CBS, 2011). The ethnic communities have significant customary knowledge on utilization of plant and plant parts and there is a long tradition of transferring this indigenous knowledge from generation to generation (Acharya and Acharya, 2009). However, all the ethnic groups have their own tradition, culture and way of living (Chaudhary et al., 2020). Various communities in Nepal are still giving continuation to the use of plants for their living. Till date, several ethnobotanical studies have been carried out in Nepal to uncover the uses of plants in several communities and rural places (Rajbhandari, 2001; Joshi and Joshi, 2008; Acharya and Acharya, 2009; Malla and Chhetri, 2009; Thapa, 2012; Malla et al., 2015; Chaudhary et al., 2020). Maithili community is one of the ethnic groups with the population of 3.1 million which is about 11.67% of the total population of Nepal (CBS, 2011). Maithili people have developed the diversified use of plants for food, medicine, religious and cultural activities and other purpose. Although, many ethnobotanical studies have been conducted in different parts of the country, ethnobotanical studies of Maithili community have not been documented yet in Nepal. However, Jha and Jha (1996) have documented ritualistic significance of plants associated with Maithili traditions in Northern Bihar, India. Thus, the present study was conducted to identify and record the uses of medicinal and other plant of Maithili people in the Ramdhuni municipality, Sunsari district, Nepal. This study has recorded the use of plants in various purposes, nevertheless, the doses and way of plant intake for medicinal use was not mentioned. Ramdhuni municipality is situated in the Sunsari district, Eastern Nepal (Fig. 1). It lies at 87o10 ́ E and 26o42 ́ N, where altitude ranges up to 185 m above sea level and occupies total area of 91.7 km and total population 52,328. The average annual rainfall is 1100 mm. The study was conducted in 3 villages of ward number 1 in Ramdhuni municipality. Before the collection of data, the participants were made sure about proper use of the data. PRA method was applied for the collection of data. Total 14 peoples (9 females and 5 males) from 2 villages were involved in the study for the collection of data. All the people involved in PRA were over 50 years of age. After surveying the area, group discussion was performed with the group of local Pujaris, old peoples and farmers to explore local illness and curing beliefs and plants used for medicine, edible purpose and other uses. Plant species were collected from the study area and herbarium sheets of each species were prepa
民族植物学被认为包括所有关注植物与传统人类之间相互关系的研究(Cotton and Wilkie 1996;Harshberger, 1896)。尼泊尔是一个多民族、多语言、多宗教的国家,有着多元的文化和传统。有超过123个种姓/民族说123种语言(CBS, 2011)。民族社区对植物和植物部分的利用有着重要的习惯知识,并且有将这种土著知识代代相传的悠久传统(Acharya和Acharya, 2009)。然而,所有的民族都有自己的传统、文化和生活方式(Chaudhary et al., 2020)。尼泊尔的各个社区仍在继续利用植物为生。迄今为止,在尼泊尔开展了几项民族植物学研究,以揭示植物在几个社区和农村地区的用途(Rajbhandari, 2001;Joshi and Joshi, 2008;Acharya and Acharya, 2009;Malla and Chhetri, 2009;Thapa, 2012;Malla et al., 2015;Chaudhary et al., 2020)。Maithili社区是其中一个民族,人口310万,约占尼泊尔总人口的11.67% (CBS, 2011)。麦提利人开发了植物的多样化用途,用于食品、医药、宗教和文化活动等目的。尽管在全国不同地区进行了许多民族植物学研究,但在尼泊尔尚未有关于Maithili社区的民族植物学研究的记录。然而,Jha和Jha(1996)已经记录了与印度比哈尔邦北部Maithili传统相关的植物的仪式意义。因此,本研究旨在确定和记录尼泊尔Sunsari地区Ramdhuni市Maithili人药用和其他植物的用途。本研究记录了植物的各种用途,但未提及药用植物的剂量和摄入方式。拉姆杜尼市位于尼泊尔东部的Sunsari区(图1)。它位于东经87o10°和北纬26o42°,海拔可达185米,总面积91.7公里,总人口52,328人。年平均降雨量为1100毫米。这项研究在拉姆杜尼市第1区的3个村庄进行。在收集数据之前,参与者被确保正确使用数据。数据采集采用PRA法。来自2个村庄的14人(9名女性和5名男性)参与了数据收集研究。所有参与PRA的人都在50岁以上。在调查了该地区之后,与当地的普贾里人、老人和农民进行了小组讨论,以探索当地的疾病和治疗信仰以及用于药物、食用目的和其他用途的植物。从研究区采集植物种类,并制作了每种植物的植物标本本(Lawrence, 1951)。这些标本经过仔细研究和鉴定
{"title":"Useful valuable plants of Maithili community in Eastern Nepal: An ethnobotanical study","authors":"Anand Raj Mallik, Sujan Chaudhary, Sabitri Shrestha","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50678","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnobotany is considered to include all studies, which focus on the mutual relationship between plants and traditional people (Cotton and Wilkie 1996; Harshberger, 1896). Nepal is the multi-ethnic, multi-lingual and multi-religious nation with diversified culture and tradition. There are more than 123 caste/ethnic groups speaking 123 languages (CBS, 2011). The ethnic communities have significant customary knowledge on utilization of plant and plant parts and there is a long tradition of transferring this indigenous knowledge from generation to generation (Acharya and Acharya, 2009). However, all the ethnic groups have their own tradition, culture and way of living (Chaudhary et al., 2020). Various communities in Nepal are still giving continuation to the use of plants for their living. Till date, several ethnobotanical studies have been carried out in Nepal to uncover the uses of plants in several communities and rural places (Rajbhandari, 2001; Joshi and Joshi, 2008; Acharya and Acharya, 2009; Malla and Chhetri, 2009; Thapa, 2012; Malla et al., 2015; Chaudhary et al., 2020). Maithili community is one of the ethnic groups with the population of 3.1 million which is about 11.67% of the total population of Nepal (CBS, 2011). Maithili people have developed the diversified use of plants for food, medicine, religious and cultural activities and other purpose. Although, many ethnobotanical studies have been conducted in different parts of the country, ethnobotanical studies of Maithili community have not been documented yet in Nepal. However, Jha and Jha (1996) have documented ritualistic significance of plants associated with Maithili traditions in Northern Bihar, India. Thus, the present study was conducted to identify and record the uses of medicinal and other plant of Maithili people in the Ramdhuni municipality, Sunsari district, Nepal. This study has recorded the use of plants in various purposes, nevertheless, the doses and way of plant intake for medicinal use was not mentioned. Ramdhuni municipality is situated in the Sunsari district, Eastern Nepal (Fig. 1). It lies at 87o10 ́ E and 26o42 ́ N, where altitude ranges up to 185 m above sea level and occupies total area of 91.7 km and total population 52,328. The average annual rainfall is 1100 mm. The study was conducted in 3 villages of ward number 1 in Ramdhuni municipality. Before the collection of data, the participants were made sure about proper use of the data. PRA method was applied for the collection of data. Total 14 peoples (9 females and 5 males) from 2 villages were involved in the study for the collection of data. All the people involved in PRA were over 50 years of age. After surveying the area, group discussion was performed with the group of local Pujaris, old peoples and farmers to explore local illness and curing beliefs and plants used for medicine, edible purpose and other uses. Plant species were collected from the study area and herbarium sheets of each species were prepa","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"439-446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47340010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lichen flora of National Botanical Garden, Mirpur, Dhaka","authors":"A. Kaium, S. Shamsi","doi":"10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v27i2.50681","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available \u0000Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 447-451, 2020 (December)","PeriodicalId":55590,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy","volume":"27 1","pages":"447-451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47225540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}