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Leadership Qualities in Project Management 项目管理中的领导素质
Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.12775/18713
Agnieszka GOŹDZIEWSKA-NOWICKA, A. Rajs
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present key features that each project manager should have. Furthermore, it describes main tasks performed by a manager in a project. An attempt is also made to resolve the dilemma whether every project manager can also be described as a leader. Design/methodology/approach: This paper presents a theoretical approach. Analysis is conducted on the basis of literature review. Findings: This article describes a number of features that a good project manager should have. It should be emphasized that leadership qualities are personality traits represented by project managers. It is worth noting that a leader may not be a manager, but every manager should be a leader. If a manager does not have leadership characteristics, the realization of the project’s tasks may be impaired. Certainly, this does not mean that the project will not be completed. However, better results are generally achieved by project teams, which are managed by people showing a high level of leadership qualities. Research and practical limitations/implications: Conclusions drawn from the analysis can provide practical guidance to man-agers and  project teams and make up a foundation for further empirical research. Originality/value: The paper provides value for people involved in project management, both managers and project team members. Paper type: Literature review.
目的:本文的目的是介绍每个项目经理应该具备的关键特征。此外,它还描述了经理在项目中执行的主要任务。还试图解决是否每个项目经理都可以被描述为领导者的困境。设计/方法论/方法论:本文提出了一种理论方法。分析是在文献综述的基础上进行的。研究结果:本文描述了一个好的项目经理应该具备的一些特性。需要强调的是,领导素质是项目经理所代表的人格特征。值得注意的是,领导者可能不是管理者,但每个管理者都应该是领导者。如果管理者不具备领导能力,项目任务的实现可能会受到影响。当然,这并不代表工程不会完成。然而,更好的结果通常是由项目团队实现的,这些团队由表现出高水平领导素质的人管理。研究和实际局限性/影响:从分析中得出的结论可以为男性和  项目团队,为进一步的实证研究奠定了基础。原创性/价值:论文为参与项目管理的人员,包括经理和项目团队成员提供了价值。论文类型:文献综述。
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引用次数: 1
Horse Sense Leadership: What Can Leaders Learn from Horses? 马的领导力:领导者能从马身上学到什么?
Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.12775/18716
Tomasz Rajfura, Robert Karaszewski
Leaders’ talent and IQ are no longer sufficient determi-nants of success. More attention is paid to their emotional intel-ligence i.e. emotions and behaviours, as natural and inseparable elements of interpersonal and business interactions. Studies show that leaders’ emotional intelligence has a reliable impact on their and organisations’ success. The development of emotional intel-ligence requires a greater level of introspection and reflexivity, so that leaders can consciously experience and control their emotions, especially in the context of their influence on interactions with others. Therefore, the leadership programs should place more emphasis on the development of emotional intelligence. To do so, business schools should provide possibly the most valuable and effective teaching methods to convey both: knowledge and practice in realistic, business environment. Especially, that emo-tional intelligence is nothing more than a constant experiencing, concluding and using these as references in the future. Experiential learning, called also a learning-by-doing method, has an interac-tive character, which allows participants to be fully engaged and, as a result, learning process occurs. One of the experiential learning methods is equine-assisted learning. This method appears to  be as effective and strongly engaging its participants in emotional intelligence development. It seems that active interactions with the horses improve human self-awareness, congruence, and social awareness. The purpose of this article is an attempt of evaluation of the equine-assisted learning method in the leadership skills development context. The article summarises the literature review on the role of emotional intelligence in management, the role of experiential learning approach in MBA curricula and the benefits of equine-assisted learning method implementation into leadership development programmes. Next, it verifies literature findings with the equine-assisted training itself to answer the question: “Can the equine -assisted training method be beneficial and useful in leadership skills development context?”.
领导者的才能和智商不再是成功的充分决定因素。更多的是关注他们的情商,即情绪和行为,作为人际和商业互动的自然和不可分割的元素。研究表明,领导者的情商对他们和组织的成功有着可靠的影响。情商的发展需要更高水平的自省和反身能力,这样领导者才能有意识地体验和控制自己的情绪,尤其是在影响与他人互动的背景下。因此,领导力课程应该更加重视情商的发展。要做到这一点,商学院应该提供最有价值和最有效的教学方法,在现实的商业环境中同时传授知识和实践。特别是,情商只不过是一个不断的经历,总结和使用这些作为未来的参考。体验式学习,也被称为边做边学的方法,具有互动性,允许参与者充分参与,因此,学习过程发生了。其中一种体验式学习方法是马辅助学习。这种方法似乎是有效的,并强烈参与其参与者的情商发展。与马的积极互动似乎可以提高人类的自我意识、一致性和社会意识。本文的目的是尝试评估在领导技能发展背景下的马辅助学习方法。本文总结了情商在管理中的作用、体验式学习方法在MBA课程中的作用以及马辅助学习方法在领导力发展计划中的应用。其次,将文献研究结果与马辅助训练本身进行验证,以回答“马辅助训练方法在领导技能发展背景下是否有益和有用?”
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引用次数: 0
The 3rd Szczecin Innovations Management Conference 2017 2017年第三届什切青创新管理大会
Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.12775/18718
A. Lis, Katarzyna Kazojć
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable Enterprise and Sustainable Organisation: Mapping the Research Field with Keywords Analysis 可持续企业与可持续组织:用关键词分析映射研究领域
Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.12775/JCRL.2017.022
A. Sudolska, A. Lis
Purpose: The aim of the paper is to identify the key research top-ics and to contribute to mapping the research on the concepts of a sustainable enterprise and a sustainable organisation. Design/methodology/approach: Keywords analysis, considered as an element of research profiling methodology, is used to achieve the aim of the study. The research sample comprises bibliometric data retrieved from the Scopus database. Findings: The publications included in both research samples (i.e. these studying of sustainable enterprises and those related to sus-tainable organisations) focus their primary attention on the issues related to sustainability and CSR. Nevertheless, some interesting differences have been observed. Sustainable enterprise studies are found to be more oriented to strategic management perspective as well as natural environment and ecology. On the other hand sustainable organisation research shows more tendency to deal with the issues of organisational learning and innovation as well as relationships with external stakeholders. Research and practical limitations/implications: The study is an element of the wider research project aimed at mapping the research on the concepts of a sustainable enterprise and a sus-tainable organisation. As such it triangulates with other papers identifying key research topics within the field through different methods e.g. systematic literature review, research profiling and citation analysis. Originality/value: The originality of the study results from the novelty of research methodology (i.e. keywords analysis) applied to map the research on the concepts of a sustainable enterprise and a sustainable organisation. Paper type: bibliometric descriptive study.
目的:本文的目的是确定关键的研究热点,并有助于绘制可持续企业和可持续组织概念的研究。设计/方法/方法:关键词分析,被认为是研究分析方法的一个元素,用于实现研究的目的。研究样本包括从Scopus数据库检索的文献计量数据。研究发现:两个研究样本中包含的出版物(即这些研究可持续企业和与可持续组织相关的出版物)主要关注与可持续发展和企业社会责任相关的问题。尽管如此,还是观察到了一些有趣的差异。可持续企业研究更倾向于战略管理视角,更倾向于自然环境与生态视角。另一方面,可持续组织研究更倾向于处理组织学习和创新问题以及与外部利益相关者的关系。研究和实际限制/影响:这项研究是更广泛的研究项目的一个组成部分,旨在对可持续企业和可持续组织的概念进行研究。因此,它通过不同的方法(如系统文献综述、研究概况和引文分析)与其他论文进行三角分析,确定该领域内的关键研究课题。原创性/价值:研究的原创性源于研究方法的新颖性(即关键词分析),用于绘制可持续企业和可持续组织概念的研究。论文类型:文献计量描述性研究。
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引用次数: 5
Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Data Collection in Polish Enterprises 波兰企业社会责任数据收集的决定因素
Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.12775/JCRL.2017.020
J. Maj
Purpose: Studies suggest that organisations tend to a selective dis-closure of non-financial information. Researchers have analysed many determinants of corporate social responsibility disclosure. However relatively little attention has been devoted to the topic of the sustainability reporting process and how the reports are developed, which includes also the question of data collection and its determinants. The paper tries to determine whether selected variables: the size of the organisation, financial performance, oper-ating on foreign markets, the issue of stakeholders mapping and preparing of non-financial reports influence the detail of collected non-financial information in Polish organisations. Design/methodology/approach: For this purpose CATI research with 102 companies listed on the Warsaw stock exchange has been conducted. The obtained results have been analysed using V Cramer contingency measure and the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Findings: The undertaken research shows there are statistical-ly significant differences between the detail of non -financial information collected by organisations mapping and not-map-ping stakeholders. In relation to the influence of the size of the organisation the obtained results were not statistically significant, yet showed a moderate correlation between those variables. Similar results were obtained for the other variables. Statistically relevant correlation has been determined in regard to the influence of operating on foreign markets and the detail of the collected data regarding respect for human rights, financial per-formance and the detail of collected information regarding respect for human rights and anti-corruption and bribery matters and the correlation between the fact of preparing non-financial reports and the detail of the collected environmental information. Research and practical limitations/implications: The limita-tions of the study result from the fact, that the questionnaire has been build using the Likert scale, for most of the questions, the quantitative nature of the presented answers imposed the choice of tools for the analysis of quantitative variables which allow for limited conclusions about the nature of the correlation. Originality/value: Based on the analysis of the existing state of art and to the best knowledge of the author the issue of determinants of collecting CSR data has not been analysed yet. Thus, this paper tries to start a discussion regarding a previously neglected issue. Paper type: research paper.
目的:研究表明,组织倾向于选择性披露非财务信息。研究人员分析了企业社会责任披露的许多决定因素。但是,对可持续发展报告过程和如何编制报告的专题的注意相对较少,其中还包括数据收集及其决定因素的问题。本文试图确定选定的变量:组织的规模、财务业绩、在国外市场的运作、利益相关者的映射问题和编制非财务报告是否影响波兰组织收集的非财务信息的细节。设计/方法/方法:为此目的,CATI对102家华沙证券交易所上市公司进行了研究。用V克莱默权变测度和Kruskal-Wallis H检验对所得结果进行了分析。调查结果:所进行的研究表明,在绘制地图的组织和非绘制地图的利益相关者收集的非财务信息的细节之间存在统计学上的显著差异。关于组织规模的影响,所获得的结果在统计上并不显著,但这些变量之间存在适度的相关性。其他变量也得到了类似的结果。在以下方面确定了统计上的相关性:对国外市场的影响、收集到的关于尊重人权、财务业绩的数据细节、收集到的关于尊重人权、反腐败和贿赂事项的信息细节、编写非财务报告的事实与收集到的环境信息细节之间的相关性。研究和实践局限性/启示:研究的局限性源于这样一个事实,即问卷是使用李克特量表构建的,对于大多数问题,所呈现的答案的定量性质强制选择用于定量变量分析的工具,从而允许关于相关性性质的有限结论。原创性/价值:基于对现有艺术状态的分析,并以作者的最佳知识,收集CSR数据的决定因素问题尚未进行分析。因此,本文试图开始讨论一个以前被忽视的问题。论文类型:研究论文。
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引用次数: 0
CSR Maturity Model – Theoretical Framework 企业社会责任成熟度模型——理论框架
Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.12775/JCRL.2017.015
Ewa Głuszek
Purpose: The article is an attempt of conceptualization CSR according to a more dynamic application orientated perspective. The aim is understanding in what way the social responsibility can develop and root in the company’s management system. The use of the maturity model will allow managers to determine at what stage of CSR development their company is located. Design/methodology/approach: The research method is based on the analysis of the subject literature and evaluation of the results of the research procedure. Findings: Depending on the company’s culture of stakeholders, the type of CSR involved, and the sphere of influence involved, the enterprise can be found at one of five levels of maturity: Elementa-ry, Engaged, Innovative, Integrated, or Transformational. Research and practical limitations/implications: The presented model contains only a very general theoretical framework, but will allow for the development of the characteristics in the future and to operationalize them to give managers clear guidance as to what the company is doing well and which practices should still be implemented or further developed. Originality/value: A different conceptions of organisational development are matching with evolutionary nature of CSR. The main advantage of using the maturity model is the ability to determine at what stage of development the social responsibility of the company is located. Self-assessment with such a model provides managers with the knowledge of what the company is already doing in the field and what areas it should still pay atten-tion to possibly develop its CSR. The theoretical framework for the development of social responsibility presented in the article will also allow for further directions, in-depth empirical research, verifying the consistency of issues contained in particular char-acteristics (dimensions and levels) and the actual development of such practices in Polish companies. Paper type: working paper.
目的:本文尝试从更动态的应用视角对企业社会责任进行概念化。目的是了解社会责任以何种方式发展并扎根于公司的管理体系。成熟度模型的使用将允许管理者确定他们的公司处于企业社会责任发展的哪个阶段。设计/方法论/方法:研究方法是基于对主题文献的分析和对研究结果的评价的程序。根据公司的利益相关者文化、所涉及的企业社会责任类型和所涉及的影响范围,企业可以被发现处于五个成熟度水平中的一个:初级、敬业、创新、整合或转型。研究和实践限制/启示:所提出的模型只包含一个非常一般的理论框架,但将允许未来特征的发展,并将其付诸实践,从而为管理人员提供明确的指导,说明公司做得好,哪些实践仍应实施或进一步发展。原创性/价值:不同的组织发展概念与企业社会责任的进化本质相匹配。使用成熟度模型的主要优点是能够确定公司的社会责任处于哪个发展阶段。通过这种模式进行自我评估,可以让管理者了解公司在该领域已经做了哪些工作,以及在哪些领域可能需要注意发展企业社会责任。文章中提出的社会责任发展的理论框架也将允许进一步的方向,深入的实证研究,验证特定特征(维度和水平)所包含的问题的一致性以及波兰公司这种做法的实际发展。纸张类型:工作纸。
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引用次数: 2
The Issues of Social Responsibility in Collaborative Economy Business Models 协同经济商业模式中的社会责任问题
Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.12775/JCRL.2017.021
Agata Rudnicka
Purpose: The main aim of the paper is to analyse common aspects of the concepts of corporate social responsibility and collaborative economy through identifying the issues of social responsibility included in the collaborative economy business models. Design/methodology/approach: Firstly, the questionnaire survey was used to gather the opinions of the participants of the confer-ence assembling the representatives of sharing and collaborative businesses in Poland. Secondly, there were conducted two individ-ual in-depth interviews with CEOs of businesses active in the col-laborative economy sector. The aim of this phase was to illustrate the theoretical framework with practical business experiences. Findings: There are strong relations among collaborative econ-omy and corporate social responsibility. The research results suggest that business models in collaborative economy approach are designed to multiple value creation for a broader group of stakeholders rather than only for clients and an organisation. Con-ducted research revealed that the issue of responsibility even if not clearly communicated is a very important element of business models’ DNA especially in its social dimension. Research and practical limitations/implications: The research results can be useful for practitioners establishing new ventures and seeking for business models including collaborative and responsible business principles. Due to the limited number of com-panies it is not possible to extend the findings and conclusions to the whole population. Originality/value: The paper presents the business point of view on the issue of collaborative business models and their relations with social responsibility. The issue of responsibility was presented as a key element of multiple value creation. The chosen research method allowed to present the voice of business representatives. It can be treated as an initial step of further research. Paper type: research paper.
目的:本文的主要目的是通过识别协作经济商业模式中包含的社会责任问题,分析企业社会责任和协作经济概念的共同方面。设计/方法/方法:首先,采用问卷调查的方式收集会议参与者的意见,该会议聚集了波兰共享和协作企业的代表。其次,对活跃在协同经济领域的企业ceo进行了两次个人深度访谈。这一阶段的目的是用实际的商业经验来说明理论框架。研究发现:合作经济与企业社会责任之间存在较强的关系。研究结果表明,协作经济模式旨在为更广泛的利益相关者群体创造多重价值,而不仅仅是为客户和组织创造价值。进行的研究表明,责任问题即使没有明确传达,也是商业模式DNA中非常重要的元素,特别是在其社会层面。研究和实践限制/启示:研究结果可用于从业者建立新的企业和寻求商业模式,包括协作和负责任的商业原则。由于公司数量有限,不可能将研究结果和结论推广到全体人口。创意/价值:本文从商业角度阐述了协作商业模式及其与社会责任的关系。责任问题被认为是多重价值创造的一个关键要素。所选择的研究方法允许提出企业代表的声音。这可以看作是进一步研究的第一步。论文类型:研究论文。
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引用次数: 5
Environmental Strategy in Business: Green Marketing Communication 商业环境策略:绿色营销传播
Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.12775/JCRL.2017.019
M. Lanfranchi, C. Giannetto, F. Rotondo
Purpose: The aim of the paper is to explore the issues of green marketing and green marketing communication. Design/methodology/approach: The narrative literature review is a method applied to achieve the aim of the paper. Findings: The growth of environmental sensitivity is a driving force for change towards new policy tools and environmental eco-nomics. Businesses have developed various tools for environmen-tal communication including environmental balance sheets, social reports, and certifications. It is not enough for businesses to com-municate generic commitment to environmental protection; they have to integrate the concept of ecology into corporate culture by creating strong environmental policies and environmental ethics that describe the enterprise at all organisational levels. Businesses focusing on the development of green products must not only ‘talk ecologically’ but also ‘be ecological’. Research and practical limitations/implications: The research has an exploratory character since the sample strategy is not probabilistic. Originality/value: The study can stimulate discussion in the field of green marketing and green marketing communication. Paper type: literature review.
目的:探讨绿色营销与绿色营销传播问题。设计/方法论/方法论:叙事文献综述是一种用于实现论文目的的方法。研究结果:环境敏感性的增长是向新政策工具和环境生态经济学转变的驱动力。企业已经开发了各种环境沟通工具,包括环境资产负债表、社会报告和认证。企业仅仅交流对环境保护的一般承诺是不够的;他们必须通过制定强有力的环境政策和环境伦理来将生态概念融入企业文化,从而在各个组织层面描述企业。专注于绿色产品开发的企业不仅必须“讲生态”,而且必须“做生态”。研究和实践局限性/含义:由于样本策略不是概率性的,因此研究具有探索性。原创性/价值:该研究可以激发绿色营销和绿色营销传播领域的讨论。论文类型:文献综述。
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引用次数: 3
The Relationships Between Leadership and Corporate Social Responsibility: Systematic Literature Review 领导力与企业社会责任的关系——系统文献综述
Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.12775/JCRL.2017.014
Barbara Czerniachowicz, A. Lis, Anna WIECZOREK-SZYMAŃSKA
The issues of leadership and corporate social respon-sibility have been thoroughly investigated and widely discussed in the literature but these two concepts have been seldom studied together. The aim of the paper is to identify the key research prob-lems and approaches related to the relationships between leader-ship and CSR manifested in quality publications. The systematic literature survey methodology is applied to identify and analyse key publications in the field. The research sample includes the quality papers retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collec-tion database. The paper discusses main research problems and issues related to the study of relationships between leadership and CSR, research approaches, methods and study contexts. Finally, the paper provides recommendations for further studies related to relationships between the concepts of leadership and corporate social responsibility.
领导力和企业社会责任的问题在文献中得到了深入的研究和广泛的讨论,但很少将这两个概念结合起来研究。本文的目的是确定高质量出版物中与领导者地位和企业社会责任之间关系相关的关键研究问题和方法。系统的文献调查方法用于确定和分析该领域的主要出版物。研究样本包括从Web of Science核心学院数据库中检索到的高质量论文。本文讨论了领导与企业社会责任关系研究的主要问题和相关问题,研究方法、方法和研究背景。最后,本文为进一步研究领导力概念与企业社会责任之间的关系提供了建议。
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引用次数: 5
Triple Bottom Line: The Pillars of CSR 三重底线:企业社会责任的支柱
Pub Date : 2018-05-23 DOI: 10.12775/JCRL.2017.018
Paulina Księżak, Barbara Fischbach
Purpose:  The aim of this paper is to discuss the areas of CSR and analyse their elements to better understand the concept.  Design/methodology/approach:  To analyse the elements of the Triple Bottom Line model as a categorization of CSR areas and compare it with another models. Findings:  Relations between Triple Bottom Line and other cate-gorizations of CSR areas. Research and practical limitations/implications:  The article is theoretical and can be a base for future research. Nevertheless, the unsystematic research sampling should be considered a limitation of the study. Originality/value:  The article focuses on Triple Bottom Line and studies this concept in relation to other classifications. It has particular value in situation when the policy concerning CSR is obligatory for companies operating in the European Union area. Paper type:  literature review.
目的:本文的目的是讨论企业社会责任的各个领域,并分析其要素,以更好地理解这一概念。设计/方法/方法:分析作为CSR领域分类的三重底线模型的要素,并进行比较 它与其他型号。研究结果:三重底线与企业社会责任领域其他分类之间的关系。研究和实践局限性/含义:这篇文章是理论性的,可以作为未来研究的基础。然而,不系统的研究抽样应该被认为是研究的局限性。原创性/价值:本文关注三重底线,并将这一概念与其他分类联系起来进行研究。当有关企业社会责任的政策对在欧盟地区运营的公司是强制性的时,它具有特别的价值。论文类型:文献综述。
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引用次数: 26
期刊
Journal of Corporate Responsibility and Leadership
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