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National mixed methods evaluation of Adult and Youth Mental Health First Aid 成人和青年心理健康急救全国混合方法评估
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200358
Sanjana Bhakta, Elaine Tsao, Kathleen Stone

Objective

Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) is an international, early intervention, public education program that teaches participants to identify, understand, and respond to signs of mental health and substance use challenges. Until now, all evaluations on MHFA courses in the United States have been performed externally, which have limits in generalizability and the ability to address insights in a timely manner. Additionally, few evaluations have assessed the newest versions of MHFA courses. Therefore, this evaluation aimed to understand key outcomes and participant responses to Adult and Youth MHFA courses in a nationwide sample, spanning nearly a year of real-world implementation.

Methods

An internal, mixed methods program evaluation was performed on the second edition of the in-person versions of Adult and Youth MHFA. Pre- and post-course evaluation data from 3,586 Adult and 2,314 Youth MHFA participants trained between October 2022 and July 2023 were used in this evaluation. Key quantitative constructs, such as mental health literacy, intentions to perform MHFA skills, and confidence to use MHFA skills, were analyzed using paired sample t tests. Rapid thematic analysis methods were used to analyze participants' qualitative responses to the course.

Results

Significant increases in mental health literacy, intentions, and confidence were observed in both Adult and Youth MHFA participants from pre- to post-course. Qualitative analyses revealed key themes in participant responses, including the helpfulness of the activities, materials, and the MHFA action plan. Adjustments to materials, the length or pace of the course, and other specifics were noted as opportunities for improvement. These findings will be used to inform the future practice, implementation, and revisions of MHFA.

Conclusion

Completion of Adult or Youth MHFA by adults in the United States led to improvements in mental health literacy and intentions and confidence to assist someone in need. Both programs may benefit from implementation and content-related changes to enhance participant experience.

目标 心理健康急救(MHFA)是一项国际性的早期干预公共教育项目,旨在教导参与者如何识别、理解和应对心理健康和药物使用方面的挑战。到目前为止,美国对 MHFA 课程的所有评估都是在外部进行的,这就限制了课程的普遍性和及时发表见解的能力。此外,很少有评估对最新版本的 MHFA 课程进行评估。因此,本评估旨在了解成人和青少年 MHFA 课程在全国范围内的主要成果和参与者反应,横跨近一年的实际实施时间。方法对第二版成人和青少年 MHFA 面对面版本进行了内部混合方法项目评估。本次评估使用了在 2022 年 10 月至 2023 年 7 月期间接受培训的 3,586 名成人和 2,314 名青少年 MHFA 学员的课前和课后评估数据。使用配对样本 t 检验分析了关键的定量指标,如心理健康素养、掌握 MHFA 技能的意愿以及使用 MHFA 技能的信心。结果观察到,从课程前到课程后,成人和青少年 MHFA 参与者的心理健康素养、意向和信心都有显著提高。定性分析揭示了参与者反应中的关键主题,包括活动、材料和 MHFA 行动计划的帮助。对教材、课程长度或进度以及其他具体内容的调整被认为是改进的机会。这些发现将被用来指导 MHFA 今后的实践、实施和修订。结论美国成年人通过完成成人或青少年 MHFA 课程,提高了心理健康素养,并增强了帮助有需要的人的意愿和信心。这两个项目都可以从实施和内容方面的改变中获益,从而提高参与者的体验。
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引用次数: 0
Optimising Perinatal Mental Health: Implementation Framework for Integrating Interventions into Primary Healthcare Systems 优化围产期心理健康:将干预措施纳入初级医疗保健系统的实施框架
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200356
Waqas Hameed , Jaya Katiyar , Bilal Iqbal Avan

Background

The high burden of perinatal mental health (PMH) conditions has spurred international efforts to integrate PMH services into primary healthcare (PHC). Despite the existence of evidence-based PMH interventions endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO), there is lack of guidance frameworks for the effective and sustainable integration of these interventions into PHC systems to make them fair and responsive to women and infant needs, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Objective

We propose the "Implementation Framework for Integration into the Primary Healthcare System" (IF-IPHS) – a systematic approach to guide integration of PMH interventions into PHC settings.

Approach and framework components

Our approach is based on contemporary, empirically-derived frameworks and WHO guidelines on PMH, emphasising the significance of implementation science and health system thinking. The implementation framework for integration into the PHC system consists of two iterative phases: (I) Adaptation: involves modifying and pilot-testing of established PMH interventions to meet target population needs, guided by human-centred design. (II) Adoption: focuses on development of policies and resource allocation mechanisms through mobilization and stakeholder engagement for sustained integration of PMH intervention across all healthcare system components.

Broader applicability

The IF-IPHS is designed to assist and empower health system stakeholders (e.g. policymakers, practitioners, researchers, funders) in LMICs. It offers practical guidance for systematically integrating effective PMH interventions into PHC systems through context-specific adaption process and adoption strategies, taking a holistic approach beyond mere clinical and programmatic considerations. It can also serve as a flexible roadmap for integrating various health interventions beyond PMH within PHC systems.

背景围产期精神健康(PMH)状况的高负担促使国际社会努力将围产期精神健康服务纳入初级卫生保健(PHC)。尽管有世界卫生组织(WHO)认可的以证据为基础的围产期精神卫生干预措施,但缺乏将这些干预措施有效、可持续地纳入初级卫生保健系统的指导框架,以使这些系统公平地满足妇女和婴儿的需求,尤其是在中低收入国家(LMICs)。我们提出了 "纳入初级卫生保健系统的实施框架"(IF-IPHS)--一种指导将 PMH 干预措施纳入初级卫生保健系统的系统方法。将其纳入初级保健系统的实施框架包括两个迭代阶段:(I) 适应:包括在以人为本的设计指导下,对已有的 PMH 干预措施进行修改和试点测试,以满足目标人群的需求。(II) 采用:重点是通过动员和利益相关者参与,制定政策和资源分配机制,以便将 PMH 干预措施持续整合到医疗保健系统的所有组成部分中。它通过针对具体情况的适应过程和采用策略,为将有效的 PMH 干预措施系统地纳入初级保健系统提供了实用指导,并采取了超越单纯临床和项目考虑的整体方法。它还可以作为一个灵活的路线图,将 PMH 以外的各种健康干预措施纳入初级保健系统。
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引用次数: 0
Measures of mental health literacy for supporting children and their psychometric properties: A systematic review 支持儿童的心理健康素养测量方法及其心理测量特性:系统回顾
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200357
Megan Smith , Rachel Smith , Emily Habgood , Jon Quach , Simone Darling

Background

Unidentified childhood mental health difficulties increase the risk of mental disorder in adulthood. Improving mental health literacy for supporting children (MHLSC) of adults can improve early identification. There is limited use of validated measures to evaluate MHLSC programs. This systematic review aimed to identify measures of MHLSC, the components of MHLSC they assess, and their psychometric properties.

Methods

A research protocol was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42022352615. A systematic review was conducted according to COSMIN guidelines. The review included studies published in peer reviewed journals, concerning development, adaptation, or validation of a measure of MHLSC associated with primary school children. Study identification was through a comprehensive literature search in Medline, PsychINFO and EMBASE (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO), and Web of Science, last conducted June 2024. The COSMIN risk of bias checklist was used, and each reported measurement property outcome was assessed against COMSIN criteria for good measurement properties. The COSMIN-modified GRADE approach was used to assess overall quality of evidence.

Results

From 399 records, Twelve studies from ten reports were included in the review, with ten self-report questionnaires identified. Studies were primarily conducted in the USA, with predominantly female populations. The quality of evidence for measurement property outcomes ranged from high to very low. Attitudinal components of MHLSC were assessed more frequently than knowledge components.

Conclusion

Findings indicate a lack of comprehensive and valid measures of MHLSC. There is a need for a comprehensive measure of MHLSC, including knowledge components, specific to children aged 5–12 years, to accurately assess MHLSC.

背景不明的儿童心理健康问题会增加成年后精神失常的风险。提高支持儿童的成人心理健康素养(MHLSC)可以改善早期识别。目前,用于评估儿童心理健康素养支持项目的有效测量方法还很有限。本系统性综述旨在确定 MHLSC 的测量方法、所评估的 MHLSC 构成要素及其心理测量特性。研究方案已在 PROSPERO 注册,编号为 CRD42022352615。根据 COSMIN 指南进行了系统综述。综述包括发表在同行评审期刊上的有关开发、改编或验证与小学生相关的 MHLSC 测量方法的研究。通过在 Medline、PsychINFO 和 EMBASE (OVID)、CINAHL (EBSCO) 以及 Web of Science(最后一次检索于 2024 年 6 月进行)中进行全面的文献检索来确定研究。采用了 COSMIN 偏倚风险清单,并根据 COMSIN 良好测量属性标准对报告的每项测量属性结果进行了评估。采用 COSMIN 改良 GRADE 方法评估证据的总体质量。结果从 399 条记录中,10 份报告中的 12 项研究被纳入综述,其中确定了 10 份自我报告问卷。研究主要在美国进行,研究对象以女性为主。测量属性结果的证据质量从高到低不等。结论研究结果表明,缺乏全面有效的多发性硬化症测量方法。有必要针对 5-12 岁儿童制定一项包括知识要素在内的多发性硬化症综合测量方法,以准确评估多发性硬化症。
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引用次数: 0
No beneficial associations between living with a pet and mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large UK longitudinal sample 在英国的一个大型纵向样本中,在 COVID-19 大流行期间,与宠物一起生活与心理健康结果之间没有有益的联系
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200354
Christine E. Parsons , Christoffer Landberger , Kirstin L. Purves , Katherine S. Young

Objective

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an unprecedented interest in pet ownership, with many viewing pets as a coping strategy to mitigate isolation, loneliness, anxiety, and depression. However, the evidence that pet ownership is associated with mental health benefits is not conclusive.

Methods

6018 individuals in the UK completed online questionnaires from April 2020 and were recontacted at regular intervals for 12 months. We asked about pet ownership and pet adoption, and examined associations with depression, anxiety and anhedonia symptoms, and loneliness. We tested hypotheses related to dog ownership, exercise frequency and maintaining a daily structure, and the association between ownership and loneliness in individuals living alone.

Results

Pet ownership was not associated with beneficial effects on any of the mental health outcomes at the first assessment or longitudinally. Instead, associations were in the unexpected direction, with owners generally having slightly worse mental health symptoms and loneliness. Dog owners were more likely to report exercising daily or nearly every day (40 %), relative to individuals with no pets (35 %), but were not more likely to maintain a daily schedule. Among individuals living alone, both cat and dog owners were less lonely than non-owners, but effect sizes were small. Initial levels of depression, anxiety, anhedonia or loneliness did not predict subsequent pet adoption.

Conclusion

Our findings challenge the narrative around the beneficial associations between pet ownership and mental health, a probable driver of the “pandemic puppies” phenomenon. The benefits found, for exercise in dog owners and loneliness in pet owners living alone, were marginal.

目的在 COVID-19 大流行期间,人们对饲养宠物产生了前所未有的兴趣,许多人将宠物视为缓解孤独、寂寞、焦虑和抑郁的一种应对策略。然而,拥有宠物对心理健康有益的证据并不确凿。方法 英国有 6018 人从 2020 年 4 月开始填写在线问卷,并在 12 个月内定期与他们再次联系。我们询问了拥有宠物和领养宠物的情况,并研究了与抑郁、焦虑和失乐症状以及孤独感之间的关联。我们检验了与养狗、运动频率和保持日常生活习惯有关的假设,以及养狗与独居者孤独感之间的关联。相反,两者之间的关系却出乎意料,养狗者的精神健康症状和孤独感普遍略差。与不养宠物的人(35%)相比,养狗的人更有可能每天或几乎每天锻炼身体(40%),但他们并不更有可能坚持每天锻炼。在独居者中,养猫和养狗的人比不养猫和养狗的人更不孤独,但影响程度很小。最初的抑郁、焦虑、失乐症或孤独感水平并不能预测随后的宠物收养情况。 结论我们的研究结果对有关拥有宠物与心理健康之间有益关系的说法提出了质疑,这可能是 "大流行小狗 "现象的一个驱动因素。在养狗者的运动和独居者的孤独感方面发现的益处微乎其微。
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引用次数: 0
What medical students want from Mental Health Self-Help Resources: A focus group study 医学生对心理健康自助资源的需求:焦点小组研究
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200353
Josiah Edwin , Jon Cornwall , Kobus Du Plooy

Background

Medical students frequently report higher levels of psychological distress than the general population, and emotional regulation skills learnt during their time of study underpin future psychological self-management. There have been few self-help mental health resources designed for this population, and it remains unclear what formats medical students prefer these resources to take on. Therefore, this study sought to understand what medical students want from self-help mental health resources.

Methods

Otago Medical School students in their second, third, or Honors research years of study participated in focus groups where questions were posed to them about their preferences about format, perceived benefits, and interactions with self-help mental health resources. The data was recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed to identify relevant themes.

Results

Thirty-four participants took part in six focus groups which lasted an average of 34 min each. Themes emerged around format, usefulness, and engagement. Formats included passively used resources like podcasts, actively used like reflective journals and social group-based resources to strengthen communities. Useful resources included novel, targeted approaches that would assist with navigating specific struggles as opposed to previously taught academic content. Recommendations included advertising through trusted student bodies and providing short, gamified resources.

Conclusion

Participants reported a strong preference for brief, visually appealing, and gamified resources. It is recommended that universities provide a diverse collection of these self-help mental health resources tailored specifically to at-risk student populations like medical students to increase their uptake and, in doing so, provide them with more effective mental health support.

背景医学生经常报告比普通人群更高水平的心理困扰,在学习期间学到的情绪调节技能是未来心理自我管理的基础。针对这一人群设计的自助式心理健康资源很少,目前仍不清楚医学生更喜欢这些资源采取何种形式。因此,本研究试图了解医学生希望从自助式心理健康资源中获得什么。方法奥塔哥医学院第二、第三或荣誉研究年级的学生参加了焦点小组,在小组中向他们提出了关于他们对自助式心理健康资源的形式、感知益处和互动的偏好等问题。结果34名参与者参加了6个焦点小组,平均每个小组持续34分钟。围绕着形式、实用性和参与度等方面出现了一些主题。形式包括被动使用的资源(如播客)、主动使用的资源(如反思日记)和基于社会团体的资源(以加强社区)。有用的资源包括新颖的、有针对性的方法,相对于以前教授的学术内容,这些方法有助于克服特定的困难。建议包括通过可信赖的学生团体进行宣传,以及提供简短、游戏化的资源。建议大学为医科学生等高危学生群体提供这些自助式心理健康资源,以提高他们的使用率,从而为他们提供更有效的心理健康支持。
{"title":"What medical students want from Mental Health Self-Help Resources: A focus group study","authors":"Josiah Edwin ,&nbsp;Jon Cornwall ,&nbsp;Kobus Du Plooy","doi":"10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Medical students frequently report higher levels of psychological distress than the general population, and emotional regulation skills learnt during their time of study underpin future psychological self-management. There have been few self-help mental health resources designed for this population, and it remains unclear what formats medical students prefer these resources to take on. Therefore, this study sought to understand what medical students want from self-help mental health resources.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Otago Medical School students in their second, third, or Honors research years of study participated in focus groups where questions were posed to them about their preferences about format, perceived benefits, and interactions with self-help mental health resources. The data was recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed to identify relevant themes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirty-four participants took part in six focus groups which lasted an average of 34 min each. Themes emerged around format, usefulness, and engagement. Formats included passively used resources like podcasts, actively used like reflective journals and social group-based resources to strengthen communities. Useful resources included novel, targeted approaches that would assist with navigating specific struggles as opposed to previously taught academic content. Recommendations included advertising through trusted student bodies and providing short, gamified resources.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Participants reported a strong preference for brief, visually appealing, and gamified resources. It is recommended that universities provide a diverse collection of these self-help mental health resources tailored specifically to at-risk student populations like medical students to increase their uptake and, in doing so, provide them with more effective mental health support.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55864,"journal":{"name":"Mental Health and Prevention","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 200353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212657024000357/pdfft?md5=b97db6a79533445f8ec4ac4e2603afe0&pid=1-s2.0-S2212657024000357-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factors that influence the mental health of bus drivers: A systematic review 影响公交车司机心理健康的因素:系统回顾
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200355
Oladapo Akinlotan , Henry Drewry

Objective

Bus drivers are at risk of ill health due to their job, and specific stressors can lead to physical, psychological, and behavioural outcomes. The driver's state of mind and body has a significant role in how well they operate the bus. The primary objective of this systematic review is to analyse the factors affecting the mental health of drivers around the globe.

Methods

The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidance. APA PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Regional Business News, Business Source Ultimate, CINAHL Ultimate, and SPORT Discus were searched for relevant studies. The initial search returned 102 studies that were subjected to further screening using the inclusion and exclusion criteria and 11 studies were selected for the review.

Results

This review identified alcohol and substance abuse, job stress and poor working conditions, occupational factors, driver-passenger communication tension and complex driving environments as the major factors that affect the mental health of bus drivers.

Conclusion

The findings of this review will help researchers, governments, policy makers, bus companies and bus drivers’ unions to identify key areas of priority to focus on when considering the mental health of bus drivers. Future studies need to use qualitative method to further explore bus drivers lived experience of mental health issues and more women drivers need to be considered in these studies.

目标公共汽车司机因其工作而面临健康不佳的风险,特定的压力会导致生理、心理和行为方面的后果。驾驶员的身心状态对他们能否很好地驾驶公共汽车起着重要作用。本系统综述的主要目的是分析影响全球司机心理健康的因素。对 APA PsycINFO、MEDLINE、Regional Business News、Business Source Ultimate、CINAHL Ultimate 和 SPORT Discus 进行了相关研究检索。结果本综述将酗酒和药物滥用、工作压力和恶劣的工作条件、职业因素、司机与乘客沟通紧张以及复杂的驾驶环境确定为影响公交车司机心理健康的主要因素。未来的研究需要使用定性方法来进一步探究巴士司机在心理健康问题上的生活经历,并且在这些研究中需要考虑更多的女性司机。
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引用次数: 0
Along the way: Pilot study of a perinatal interpersonal psychotherapy group on distressed women 一路走来围产期人际心理治疗小组对受困妇女的试点研究
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200352
Pey-Ling Shieh , Wen-Shih Hsu

Objective

This is the first perinatal interpersonal psychotherapy group (P-IPTG) implemented for distressed women from pregnancy to postpartum. The aim is to explore the changes in postpartum adjustment for women who receive/do not receive P-IPTG and compare the changes of the two groups.

Methods

A quasi-experimental longitudinal design was applied to Taiwan community women. The sample sizes of the intervention and control groups were 25 and 233, respectively. Participants replied to measures four waves from their third trimester to one year postpartum. The intervention group participants received an eight-session P-IPTG, which consisted of four sessions in pregnancy and four in postpartum. Within-group changes were examined by repeated measure ANOVA, and between-group changes were compared by generalized estimating equations (GEE).

Results

ANOVA results showed that depression decreased from baseline to four months postpartum in the intervention group (p < 0.05). In the general dyadic relationship, no change was noted in the intervention group, while there was a reduction in the control group (F = 13.52, p < 0.001, eta2 = 0.055). GEE comparison indicated favorable changes in the intervention group: greater reduction in depression at four months postpartum (β = -3.35, Wald χ2 = 6.17, p = 0.013), greater improvements in perceived partner support at four and eight months postpartum (βs = 3.18, 3.12, Wald χ2s = 4.59, 3.95, ps = 0.032, 0.047), and greater enhancement in relationship satisfaction with mothers-in-law at eight months postpartum (β = 0.59, Wald χ2 = 4.81, p = 0.028).

Conclusion

P-IPTG can make favorable trends of change in postpartum depression and partner/in-law relationships. This pilot study lays a foundation for further research in longitudinal perinatal interventions.

目的 这是首个针对孕期至产后受困扰妇女实施的围产期人际心理治疗小组(P-IPTG)。方法采用准实验纵向设计,以台湾社区妇女为研究对象。干预组和对照组的样本量分别为 25 人和 233 人。受试者从怀孕三个月到产后一年共回答了四次问卷。干预组的参与者接受了八节 P-IPTG 课程,其中四节在孕期,四节在产后。结果表明,干预组从基线到产后四个月的抑郁程度有所下降(p <0.05)。在一般的夫妻关系方面,干预组没有发生变化,而对照组有所下降(F = 13.52,p < 0.001,eta2 = 0.055)。GEE 比较表明干预组出现了有利的变化:产后 4 个月时抑郁的减少幅度更大(β = -3.35,Wald χ2 = 6.17,P = 0.013),产后 4 个月和 8 个月时感知伴侣支持的改善幅度更大(βs = 3.18,3.12,Wald χ2s = 4.结论 P-IPTG 可以使产后抑郁和伴侣/婆媳关系出现良好的变化趋势。这项试点研究为进一步研究纵向围产期干预奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
A rapid review describing the scalability of early childhood education and care-based programs targeting children's social and emotional learning 快速审查描述了以儿童社会和情感学习为目标的幼儿教育和保育计划的可扩展性
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200349
Melanie Lum , Heidi Turon , Stephen Keenan , Danyu Yang , Jennifer L David , Steven J. Howard , Elizabeth M Westrupp , Alice Grady , Rebecca K Hodder , Sze Lin Yoong

Objectives

To describe: i) how scalability domains (i.e., factors that influence a program's ability to expand to reach a larger population) are assessed and reported within randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of programs to improve child social and emotional learning in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings; and ii) relative impact of scaled-up programs.

Methods

We undertook a rapid review in November 2023 to identify RCTs of universal programs delivered in ECECs which were effective on at least one child social, emotional, and learning outcome. This formed a sample of pre-scale RCTs where additional intervention characteristics and reporting of seven scalability domains were extracted according to the Intervention Scalability Assessment Tool. To identify scale-up evaluations, we searched for related publications of the pre-scale RCTs. For directly comparable outcomes, we calculated the relative effect size between pre-scale and scaled-up programs.

Results

Twenty-two RCTs were included. Scalability domains were variably reported with only one study reporting on all assessed domains. Almost all programs were delivered by an external facilitator together with child educators, and none concurrently targeted physical health behaviours, such as physical activity and nutrition. We identified one formal evaluation of a scaled-up trial. Compared to the pre-scale trial, the scaled-up trial had a reduced effect on behavioural difficulties and an increased effect on prosocial behaviour.

Conclusions

More comprehensive reporting of scalability domains and formal evaluations of scaled-up social and emotional learning programs in ECEC are needed to ensure the intended outcomes to child health and wellbeing are achieved.

目标描述:i) 如何在随机对照试验(RCT)中评估和报告在幼儿教育和保育(ECEC)环境中改善儿童社交和情感学习的计划的可扩展性领域(即影响计划扩展以覆盖更多人群的能力的因素);ii) 扩展计划的相对影响。方法我们在 2023 年 11 月进行了快速回顾,以确定在幼儿教育和保育机构中实施的、对至少一种儿童社交、情感和学习结果有效的通用计划的 RCT。这就形成了规模前 RCT 样本,根据干预可扩展性评估工具(Intervention Scalability Assessment Tool)提取了额外的干预特征和七个可扩展性领域的报告。为了确定推广评估,我们搜索了与规模前 RCT 相关的出版物。对于直接可比的结果,我们计算了扩大规模前和扩大规模后项目的相对效应大小。报告的可扩展性领域各不相同,只有一项研究报告了所有评估领域。几乎所有计划都是由外部指导者和儿童教育工作者共同实施的,没有一项计划同时针对体育锻炼和营养等身体健康行为。我们发现了一项对扩大试验的正式评估。与扩大规模前的试验相比,扩大规模后的试验对行为障碍的影响有所减少,而对亲社会行为的影响有所增加。结论需要对幼儿保育和教育中的可扩展性领域进行更全面的报告,并对扩大规模后的社会和情感学习计划进行正式评估,以确保实现对儿童健康和幸福的预期成果。
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引用次数: 0
What do men gain from listening to men's mental health podcast episodes? 男性从收听男性心理健康播客节目中获得了什么?
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200347
Holly Murphy, Sam Watling, Jack Woodhams, Gary Shepherd

Background

Although men are more likely to die by suicide than women, they are less likely to seek help when feeling suicidal. Masculine socialisation leaves men feeling stigmatised for their mental health problems. Researchers consider podcasts an efficient way to promote health information and offer social support to individuals who are unable to access services.

Methods

Nine male listeners of a UK based men's mental health podcast series were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Participants discussed their reflections of six podcast episodes and what they gained from listening. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Five interconnected themes were identified which described listener's reflections: understanding other men's lived experiences; facilitating male intimacy; combating male isolation; learning how to seek help and reflecting on a culture of positive masculinity.

Conclusions

The podcasts promote more inclusive, flexible versions of masculinity which encourage reflection on an individual's lived experience. Listening to men's mental health podcast episodes may provide a vehicle for men to initiate new ways of seeking informal help, reducing feelings of loneliness and fostering male intimacy. Recommendations on how the findings of this research can assist podcast creators develop episodes promoting flexible masculinity are discussed.

背景虽然男性比女性更有可能死于自杀,但当他们有自杀倾向时,却不太可能寻求帮助。男性社会化使男性因心理健康问题而感到耻辱。研究人员认为,播客是宣传健康信息并为无法获得服务的个人提供社会支持的一种有效方式。方法采用半结构化访谈的方式,对英国男性心理健康播客系列的九名男性听众进行了采访。参与者讨论了他们对六集播客的看法以及他们从收听播客中获得的收获。结果确定了五个相互关联的主题来描述听众的反思:了解其他男性的生活经历;促进男性亲密关系;消除男性孤独感;学习如何寻求帮助以及反思积极的男性文化。收听男性心理健康播客节目可以为男性提供一种新的途径,以寻求非正式帮助、减少孤独感并促进男性之间的亲密关系。本文还讨论了有关本研究成果如何帮助播客制作者开发促进灵活男性气质的剧集的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Moving toward a well-being economy: The importance of including mental ill-health in measurement frameworks 迈向幸福经济:将精神疾病纳入衡量框架的重要性
Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2022.200254
Anthony Jorm
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Mental Health and Prevention
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