Mental Health and Prevention最新文献_第4页

The case for participant payments in mental health prevention research

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200373

Elizabeth M Westrupp

引用次数: 0

Development of the children's wellbeing continuum: Fostering conversation in child mental health

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200385

K Paton , S Darling , C Nowell , S Gandhi , A Jorm , LM Hart , MBH Yap , F Oberklaid

Objective: The growing focus on child mental health presents opportunities for prevention and early intervention. A shared, accessible language to describe child mental health that is understood by both parents and professionals across diverse settings is crucial. This study aimed to design and test a novel Children's Wellbeing Continuum tool as a shared communication resource to help adults discuss and reflect on a child's mental health.

Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted with Australian educators, health professionals, and parents/caregivers. A Delphi consensus study (n = 261) was used to establish consensus on the language for a four-point continuum model. Subsequently, focus groups (n = 69) gathered qualitative feedback on the language, visual elements and utility of the continuum tool across diverse contexts (e.g., schools, primary health care, First Nations Communities).

Findings: The terms “good, coping, struggling, overwhelmed” emerged as the preferred terms for the anchor points along the continuum tool. A traffic-light colour system and accompanying emoticons were supported for visual accessibility. Descriptors of functioning/symptoms were deemed too confusing and excluded from the final version. Inductive content analysis revealed that participants valued the continuum as a tool to facilitate discussions about a child's mental health among stakeholders in the ‘team’ supporting the child.

Conclusions: The Children's Wellbeing Continuum, developed through extensive stakeholder consultation, is designed as a universal early intervention and prevention tool to start a conversation and encourage dialogue about a child's mental health. It has the potential to improve early help-seeking, reduce stigma, and strengthen support systems for children.

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引用次数: 0

Exploring children's services workers’ perceptions of COVID-19: Trauma, connection and creativity

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200382

Heather Boynton , Patricia Samson , Jo-Ann Vis , Benedicta Asante

Background

Children services workers (CSWs) in child welfare during the COVID-19 pandemic were tasked with providing services amidst various government mandates and restrictions causing a multitude of effects.

Objective

To examine the lived experience of CSWs practice during COVID-19.

Participants and setting

31 CSWs were recruited from a Western Province in Canada.

Methods

This participatory action research utilized 7 focus groups and 4 interviews with frontline and supervisory CSWs. Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis approach and coding processes were employed.

Results

The findings revealed difficult and traumatic experiences, along with the commitment, creativity and innovation of the workers. Technology was a necessary resource and a barrier in service delivery. Three main themes and associated subthemes that emerged included 1) the trauma of COVID, with subthemes: influences on CSWs, and influences on children and families, 2) practice context matters, with subthemes the impacts on policy and service delivery, and accessibility and lack of resources, and 3) connection, creativity, and removal of perceived barriers, with subthemes, relationships matter, and innovative practices.

Conclusions

The study highlighted how CSWs were affected during the pandemic by government restrictions, inconsistent practice and policy implementation, increased stressors, and workloads, and the experience of deaths. It was evident that CSWs were courageous, creative, and innovative, as well as hardworking, committed, and persevered in providing services to children and families. Recommendations for training, practice and policy are offered.

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引用次数: 0

Components of risk communication in mental health and suicide in Indigenous peoples: A scoping review

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200380

Felipe Agudelo-Hernández , Lizeth Paola Coral-Vela , Luz Helena Pabuena , Paloma Ruiz , Consuelo Rosas , Karen González-Abril

Objective

To determine the main components for mental health risk communication and suicide prevention in Indigenous peoples.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted, searching databases such as Cochrane, PubMed, and Google Scholar, as well as gray literature, from 1990 to 2024. Studies were included if they reported components for mental health risk communication and suicide prevention in Indigenous populations. Data were extracted and analyzed using a content analysis approach.

Results

Key components identified include mental health education, social communication built with the community, specific actions for each territory and culture, a community approach to suicidal behavior, articulation of sectors and disciplines, and strategies that strengthen care and intergenerational dialogue. These components were associated with outcomes such as stigma reduction, symptom reduction, sensitive media coverage, spaces for discussing mental health, increased community agency, and greater involvement of various sectors in mental health.

Conclusion

Effective communication strategies are crucial for preventing suicidal behavior and other mental health risks in Indigenous populations. These strategies should be culturally tailored and involve Indigenous communities as key partners in the communication process.

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引用次数: 0

Suicidal ideation among Canadian adults during the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre- and early pandemic periods COVID-19 大流行第三年期间加拿大成年人的自杀意念与流行前和流行初期的比较

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200379

Li Liu , Gisèle Contreras , Nathaniel J. Pollock , Wendy Thompson

Purpose

This study examined the prevalence of suicidal ideation among adults in Canada during the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic comparing to the pre- and early pandemic periods, and assessed sociodemographic and pandemic-related factors.

Methods

We estimated prevalence of suicidal ideation from the Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health (SCMH) conducted between February and May, 2023 (11,526 respondents, response rate 46.5 %), and compared with the prevalence in the 2019 Canadian Community Health Survey (57,034 respondents, response rate 54.9 %) and the 2021 SCMH (5,742 respondents, response rate 51.2 %). We used logistic regressions to assess the likelihood of reporting suicidal ideation.

Results

In 2023, 3.8 % of adults reported suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, which was not significantly different from the 4.2 % in 2021, but higher than the 2.7 % in 2019. Adults aged 35-64 years and females 65 years or older had significantly higher prevalence in 2023 compared to 2019. Higher prevalence compared to the pre-pandemic baseline was also observed in other subpopulations, but none of them significantly differed from the prevalence in 2021. Adults who were aged 65 years or younger, White, Indigenous, born in Canada, with low income, without a spouse or child, LGBTQ2, with disability, or had experienced pandemic-related impacts had higher risk of suicidal ideation than their peers.

Conclusion

Prevalence of suicidal ideation remained elevated compared to the pre-pandemic baseline among most adults in Canada during the late pandemic period. Continued surveillance to evaluate middle and long-term impacts of the pandemic on mental health is needed.

目的本研究调查了 COVID-19 大流行第三年期间加拿大成年人自杀意念的流行率，并与大流行前和大流行早期进行了比较，同时评估了社会人口和大流行相关因素。方法我们估算了2023年2月至5月期间进行的COVID-19和心理健康调查（SCMH）中自杀意念的流行率（11526名受访者，回复率为46.5%），并与2019年加拿大社区健康调查（57034名受访者，回复率为54.9%）和2021年SCMH（5742名受访者，回复率为51.2%）中的流行率进行了比较。结果在 2023 年，3.8% 的成年人报告在过去 12 个月中有自杀倾向，与 2021 年的 4.2% 相比没有显著差异，但高于 2019 年的 2.7%。与 2019 年相比，35-64 岁的成年人和 65 岁或以上的女性在 2023 年的发病率明显更高。与流行前基线相比，其他亚人群的流行率也有所上升，但与 2021 年的流行率相比均无显著差异。与同龄人相比，65 岁或以下、白人、原住民、在加拿大出生、低收入、无配偶或子女、女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者2 、残疾或经历过大流行相关影响的成年人有自杀倾向的风险更高。需要继续进行监测，以评估大流行对心理健康的中长期影响。

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引用次数: 0

Experiences of people referring to a rural school-based mental health support service for young people: A qualitative study 农村学校青少年心理健康支持服务转介人员的经历：定性研究

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200378

Julaine Allan , Anna Thompson

Background

Healthcare provision across rural and remote areas is challenging, requiring adaptability and careful management of scarce resources. In Western New South Wales (NSW), Australia, youth mental health services have been identified as a priority. Rural schools are well-placed to address some of these barriers and facilitate access to mental health services. This study explores the experiences of people referring to an innovative school-based mental health support service in western NSW for young people aged 12-25, and their perceptions of the benefits and challenges of the service.

Methods

A qualitative descriptive approach was used to explore the experiences of people who had made referrals to the service. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted, with data analysed deductively.

Results

The participants described the rural mental health service's model of care as the overarching feature which facilitated access to mental health care for young people. The model of care was described as easy to access, flexible, and offering quality service delivery. Suggestions for improvement included making the service more inclusive for young people after they leave school and finding ways to address staffing challenges to ensure consistency of service delivery.

Conclusions

Locating services in schools makes mental health support accessible and convenient for users. Participants reported high satisfaction with referring to the service, and positive school-related outcomes for young people. This small study supports the expansion of school-based mental health services which could be rigorously evaluated.

背景在农村和偏远地区提供医疗保健服务极具挑战性，需要适应性和对稀缺资源的谨慎管理。在澳大利亚西新南威尔士州（NSW），青少年心理健康服务已被确定为优先事项。农村学校完全有能力解决其中的一些障碍，并为获得心理健康服务提供便利。本研究探讨了新南威尔士州西部为 12-25 岁青少年提供的创新性校本心理健康支持服务的转介者的经历，以及他们对该服务的益处和挑战的看法。我们进行了八次半结构化访谈，并对数据进行了演绎分析。结果参与者认为，农村心理健康服务的护理模式是促进年轻人获得心理健康护理的主要特征。这种医疗模式被描述为易于获取、灵活、提供优质服务。改进建议包括：使服务对离校后的青少年更具包容性，以及想方设法解决人员配备方面的挑战，以确保服务提供的一致性。参与者对转介服务的满意度很高，并表示青少年在学校获得了积极的成果。这项小型研究支持扩大校本心理健康服务的范围，并可对其进行严格评估。

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引用次数: 0

A validation of the Flemish School Burnout Assessment Tool for students between 17 and 21 years old (FS-BAT) 弗拉芒学校 17 至 21 岁学生倦怠评估工具（FS-BAT）的验证

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200374

Van Royen Annelies, Wante Laura, Braet Caroline

Introduction

The present study assessed the factor structure, reliability, and convergent validity of the Flemish school burnout assessment tool (FS-BAT) for students between 17 and 21 years old.

Method

The sample consisted of 570 secondary and higher education students between 17 and 21 years old (M_age = 19.14, SD_age = 1.11, 81% female). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), reliability scores, and the convergent validity were assessed.

Results

CFA revealed four distinguishable but strongly related school burnout core symptoms (i.e., exhaustion, mental distance, cognitive impairment and emotion impairment), referring to one underlying construct ‘school burnout’. The psychological stress complaints and psychosomatic complaints are two separate but positively correlated aspects of the secondary symptoms. The internal consistency of the scales ranged between excellent (.94; total core symptoms scale) and acceptable (.77; psychosomatic complaints scale). The test-retest reliability after five months varied between excellent (the total core scale and secondary symptoms subscales) and good (core symptoms subscales), indicating good stability over time. The convergent validity showed moderate positive correlations with the Perceived Stress Scale and the Perceptions of Academic Stress scale.

Conclusion

The current findings illustrate that the FS-BAT can be used as a reliable and valid instrument to assess school burnout symptoms in secondary and higher education students between 17 and 21 years old. Further research to assess the discriminant validity and the relation to other school burnout measures is needed.

导言本研究评估了弗拉芒学校职业倦怠评估工具（FS-BAT）的因子结构、可靠性和收敛有效性，对象为 17 至 21 岁的学生。方法样本包括 570 名 17 至 21 岁的中学生和大学生（年龄平均值 = 19.14，年龄差异平均值 = 1.11，81% 为女性）。结果CFA揭示了四种可区分但密切相关的学校倦怠核心症状（即疲惫、心理距离、认知障碍和情绪障碍），并将其归结为一个基本结构 "学校倦怠"。心理压力主诉和心身主诉是次要症状的两个独立但正相关的方面。量表的内部一致性介于优秀（0.94；核心症状总量表）和可接受（0.77；心身主诉量表）之间。五个月后的重测信度介于优秀（核心症状总量表和次要症状分量表）和良好（核心症状分量表）之间，表明随着时间的推移稳定性良好。收敛效度显示，FS-BAT 与感知压力量表和感知学业压力量表呈中度正相关。还需要进一步研究以评估其判别效度以及与其他学校倦怠测量方法的关系。

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引用次数: 0

A qualitative exploration of question, persuade, refer (QPR) gatekeeper training by the alabama suicide prevention and resources coalition 阿拉巴马州自杀预防和资源联盟对 "提问、说服、转介（QPR）"守门人培训的定性探索

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200375

Angela Sullivan , Ann Elizabeth Montgomery , John R. Blosnich , Gregory Pavela , Matthew Fifolt

Objective

Suicide remains one of the leading causes of death in the United States. The goal of this research was to explore the experiences of individuals who participated in the Question, Persuade, Refer (QPR) Training and subsequently intervened during a suicidal crisis post-QPR training.

Methods

The study team conducted key informant interviews with eight participants who completed QPR Gatekeeper Training between September 2018 and March 2019. Study participants worked in occupations with some exposure to suicide and expressed interest in suicide prevention based on previous personal or professional experiences. Team members used template analysis for thematic analysis.

Results

Study results focused specifically on program improvement; themes were divided between strengths of QPR training and opportunities for improvement. Results from this current study supported findings from previous studies including enhanced self-efficacy, the value of role-play, and the need for engaging presenters and relevant resources. Study findings add an important voice to the discussion: trainees who intervened in a suicidal crisis post-QPR training.

Conclusion

Despite its shorter duration, QPR Gatekeeper Training has been shown to be a highly effective program to prepare people to successfully intervene during a suicidal crisis. This study adds to the growing body of literature regarding QPR Gatekeeper Training efficacy and highlights the need for further study regarding program enhancements.

目的自杀仍然是美国人的主要死因之一。本研究的目的是探讨参加过 "提问、劝说、转介（QPR）培训 "的个人在QPR培训后干预自杀危机的经历。方法研究小组对2018年9月至2019年3月期间完成QPR守门人培训的8名参与者进行了关键信息提供者访谈。研究参与者所从事的职业与自杀有一定的接触，并根据以往的个人或职业经历表达了对自杀预防的兴趣。团队成员使用模板分析法进行主题分析。结果研究结果特别关注项目改进；主题分为 QPR 培训的优势和改进机会。本次研究的结果支持了以往研究的结论，包括增强自我效能感、角色扮演的价值以及需要有吸引力的主讲人和相关资源。研究结果为讨论增添了一个重要的声音：在 QPR 培训后干预过自杀危机的受训者。结论尽管 QPR 守护者培训的持续时间较短，但它已被证明是一个非常有效的项目，可以帮助人们为在自杀危机中成功干预做好准备。这项研究为有关 QPR 守门员培训有效性的越来越多的文献增添了新的内容，并强调了进一步研究项目改进的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Fostering social-emotional competencies to improve social functioning, social inclusion, and school well-being: Results of a cluster non-randomized pilot study 培养社交情感能力，改善社会功能、社会包容和学校福祉：分组非随机试点研究的结果

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200365

Sepideh Hassani

Background

The development of social competencies is key for enhancing both cognitive and non-cognitive skills among students. These competencies are central to students' ability to function socially, feel included, and experience overall well-being within the school environment. Schools can play an active role in promoting and shaping these outcomes by implementing various strategies. This study presents and reports on the outcomes of a six-week social-emotional intervention program implemented by class teachers.

Methods

The pilot study employed a two-arm cluster non-randomized trial with a pretest-post-test design. The study evaluates students' social competencies as the primary outcome and social functioning, social inclusion, and school well-being as the secondary outcomes. Students in the intervention group participated in a six-week social-emotional learning intervention, attending two sessions each week, while the control classes followed the regular curriculum.

Results

Data were collected from both teachers and students. Student-reported data were collected from 266 students (n = 124 girls, n = 142 boys) aged 8 to 14 (M = 9.84) and from teachers on 212 students (n = 92 girls; n = 115 boys). Results of the linear mixed model analysis showed for teacher reporting on students’ outcomes a decrease in internalizing (β = -0.85, p = 0.035) and externalizing behavior problems for students in intervention classes (β = -6.84, p = 0.020). No significant changes were observed in social-emotional competencies, social inclusion and school well-being.

Conclusion

After the social-emotional intervention program reduced internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were observed, with age moderating both outcomes. The results are consistent with previous research; however, they also suggest that the intervention could benefit from adjustments, such as a longer implementation period and follow-up evaluation. External factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic and repeated school closures at the time of the study may have impacted the results additionally.

背景培养社交能力是提高学生认知和非认知技能的关键。这些能力对于学生在学校环境中发挥社交功能、感受融入和体验整体幸福的能力至关重要。学校可以通过实施各种策略，在促进和塑造这些成果方面发挥积极作用。本研究介绍并报告了由班主任实施的为期六周的社交情感干预计划的成果。方法这项试点研究采用了双臂群组非随机试验，并进行了前测-后测设计。研究以学生的社交能力为主要结果，以社会功能、社会包容和学校幸福感为次要结果。干预组的学生参加了为期六周的社交情感学习干预，每周上两节课，而对照组的学生则按照常规课程上课。学生报告数据来自 266 名 8-14 岁的学生（女生 124 人，男生 142 人）（M=9.84），教师报告数据来自 212 名学生（女生 92 人，男生 115 人）。线性混合模型分析结果显示，教师对学生结果的报告显示，干预班级学生的内化（β = -0.85，p = 0.035）和外化行为问题有所减少（β = -6.84，p = 0.020）。结论：在实施社会情感干预计划后，内化和外化行为问题有所减少，年龄对这两种结果都有调节作用。这些结果与以往的研究结果一致，但也表明，干预措施可以通过调整而受益，如延长实施时间和进行后续评估。研究期间，COVID-19 大流行和学校多次停课等外部因素也可能对结果产生影响。

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引用次数: 0

Probiotic supplementation for reducing psychological symptoms in cancer patients on chemotherapy: A pilot trial 补充益生菌以减轻化疗中癌症患者的心理症状：试点试验

Q2 Medicine

Mental Health and Prevention

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200368

Alifiati Fitrikasari , Innawati Jusup , Titis Hadiati , Widodo Sarjana , Salytha Ivana Ardiningrum , Cindy Kurniawati Chandra , Damai Santosa

Background

Psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety, and stress, are prevalent among cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Probiotics have been investigated as a potential supplement to modulate the gut–brain axis and improve psychological symptoms, possibly through mechanisms such as serotonin regulation. However, studies on the effects of probiotics on psychological symptoms in chemotherapy patients are limited.

Methods

This randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted at the outpatient clinic of dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, in 2023. Sixty-one cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were enrolled and randomised into an intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 31) group. The intervention group received probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus Rosell-11 and Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell-52) twice daily for eight weeks. The primary outcomes were changes in depression, anxiety, and stress levels measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 42 (DASS-42). The secondary outcome was serum serotonin levels.

Results

The intervention group showed a significant decrease in total DASS-42 scores (p = 0.001), indicating an overall reduction in psychological distress. However, changes in the scores of the subscales (depression, anxiety, and stress) were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Serum serotonin levels increased in the intervention group, but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.38). The findings should be interpreted cautiously due to small sample size and potential confounding factors.

Conclusion

This pilot study suggests that eight weeks of probiotic supplementation may reduce overall psychological symptoms in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Larger trials with rigorous controls and longer interventions are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.

背景接受化疗的癌症患者普遍存在心理障碍，包括抑郁、焦虑和压力。益生菌被认为是一种潜在的补充剂，可调节肠脑轴并改善心理症状，可能通过血清素调节等机制。方法这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验于2023年在三宝垄Kariadi医院门诊进行。61名接受化疗的癌症患者被随机分为干预组（30人）和对照组（31人）。干预组接受益生菌（鼠李糖乳杆菌罗塞尔-11和螺旋乳杆菌罗塞尔-52）治疗，每天两次，为期八周。主要结果是通过抑郁、焦虑和压力量表 42（DASS-42）测量的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平的变化。结果干预组的 DASS-42 总分显著下降（p = 0.001），表明心理压力总体上有所减轻。然而，各分量表（抑郁、焦虑和压力）得分的变化并无统计学意义（p > 0.05）。干预组的血清羟色胺水平有所上升，但无统计学意义（p = 0.38）。结论这项试点研究表明，补充八周益生菌可减轻接受化疗的癌症患者的整体心理症状。要证实这些初步研究结果，还需要进行更大规模的试验，包括严格的对照和更长时间的干预。

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引用次数: 0