Photoacoustics最新文献_第4页

Multimodal PA/US imaging and radiomics for the prediction of HER2-zero, -low, and -positive breast cancers: A novel approach for targeted therapy selection 多模式PA/US成像和放射组学用于预测her2零、低和阳性乳腺癌：一种靶向治疗选择的新方法

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100764

Zhibin Huang , Guoqiu Li , Mengyun Wang , Sijie Mo, Huaiyu Wu, Hongtian Tian, Shuzhen Tang, Jinfeng Xu, Fajin Dong

Purpose

This study evaluates the efficacy of photoacoustic/ultrasound (PA/US) imaging-based radiomics for distinguishing HER2-zero, HER2-low, and HER2-positive breast cancer (BC), aiming to enhance targeted therapy selection.

Methods

We analyzed 346 pathologically confirmed BC patients who underwent multimodal PA/US imaging at Shenzhen People’s Hospital from January 2022 to January 2025. HER2 status was determined pathologically and classified into three levels. Radiologists assessed conventional US features and manually segmented tumors on PA-images for radiomics feature extraction. Using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator analysis, we developed radiomics models for differentiating between HER2-zero versus HER2-low/positive cancers (Task 1), and HER2-low versus positive cancers (Task 2), and HER2-zero versus low cancers (Task 3). Patients were randomly divided into training sets and testing sets. Multivariate logistic regression was used to integrate radiomics, clinical-pathological, and US features into nomograms.

Results

In testing set, radiomics features demonstrated an AUC of 0.846 with sensitivity of 79.3 % and specificity of 72.7 % for Task 1, and an AUC of 0.801 with sensitivity of 64.0 % and specificity of 82.8 % for Task 2, and an AUC of 0.767 with sensitivity of 80.7 % and specificity of 72.7 % for Task 3. For Task 1, 2 and 3, nomograms including PA imaging radiomics features combined with clinical-pathological features achieved AUCs of 0.848, 0.881 and 0.780, respectively.

Conclusion

PA radiomics features effectively differentiate between HER2-zero and HER2 low/positive, and between HER2-low and HER2-positive BC, offering potential utility in guiding targeted therapy decisions.

Summary

This study demonstrates the potential of PA imaging-based radiomics for accurately classifying HER2 expression statuses in BC, enhancing the selection process for targeted therapies. By integrating multi-modal imaging and pathology data, the developed radiomics models show robust performance, promising a non-invasive diagnostic supplementary for clinical application where traditional methods are limited.

目的评价基于光声/超声（PA/US）成像的放射组学在区分her2 - 0、her2 -低和her2阳性乳腺癌（BC）中的疗效，旨在加强靶向治疗的选择。方法对2022年1月至2025年1月在深圳市人民医院行多模式PA/US成像的346例病理确诊的BC患者进行分析。病理检测HER2状态，并将其分为3个水平。放射科医生评估常规的US特征，并在pa图像上手动分割肿瘤以进行放射组学特征提取。使用最小绝对收缩和选择算子分析，我们开发了放射组学模型，用于区分her2 - 0与her2 -低/阳性癌症（任务1），her2 -低与阳性癌症（任务2），以及her2 - 0与低癌症（任务3）。患者被随机分为训练集和测试集。使用多变量逻辑回归将放射组学、临床病理和US特征整合到图中。结果在测试集中，任务1的AUC为0.846，灵敏度为79.3% %，特异性为72.7 %；任务2的AUC为0.801，灵敏度为64.0 %，特异性为82.8 %；任务3的AUC为0.767，灵敏度为80.7 %，特异性为72.7 %。在任务1、2和3中，包括PA成像放射组学特征和临床病理特征的图的auc分别为0.848、0.881和0.780。结论pa放射组学特征可以有效区分HER2- 0和HER2低/阳性，HER2-低和HER2阳性BC，为指导靶向治疗决策提供潜在的实用价值。本研究证明了基于PA成像的放射组学在准确分类BC中HER2表达状态方面的潜力，增强了靶向治疗的选择过程。通过整合多模态成像和病理数据，所开发的放射组学模型显示出强大的性能，有望为传统方法有限的临床应用提供非侵入性诊断补充。

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引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional optical path extended gourd-type photoacoustic cell for highly sensitive trace acetylene sensing 用于高灵敏度痕量乙炔传感的三维光路扩展葫芦型光声电池

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100762

Chuanwen Qian , Wenjun Ni , Chunyong Yang , Zhongke Zhao , Likang Zhang , Sixiang Ran , Chenyu Wang , Ping Lu , Perry Ping Shum

A novel gourd-type photoacoustic cell (GTPAC) has been developed, featuring a highly reflective, polished gold film-coated inner wall that minimizes optical loss and maximizes light utilization efficiency. GTPAC integrates two coupled spherical chambers with a radius ratio 2:3, which is close to the golden ratio. Its unique Gaussian curvature distribution enables multi-directional, disordered light beam reflection without complex optical alignment. It creates a non-periodic three-dimensional (3D) optical trajectory, significantly enhancing light-molecule interactions. GTPAC achieves an exceptionally high sensitivity of up to 3.36 μV/ppm using a distributed feedback butterfly laser with central wavelength of 1532 nm (±1.5 nm) to detect acetylene gas. When the integration time is extended to 100 s, the minimum detection limit is as low as 0.59 ppb. Moreover, its flexible design and broad spectral compatibility enable significant potential for extension to other gases, such as methane and nitrogen oxides, offering new prospects for ultra-sensitive trace gas detection.

一种新型的葫芦型光声电池（GTPAC）已经开发出来，其特点是高反射，抛光的金膜涂层内壁，最大限度地减少了光损失，最大限度地提高了光利用效率。GTPAC集成了两个耦合的球室，半径比为2:3，接近黄金分割。其独特的高斯曲率分布使多向，无序光束反射无需复杂的光学校准。它创造了一个非周期性的三维（3D）光学轨迹，显著增强了光分子的相互作用。GTPAC采用中心波长为1532 nm（±1.5 nm）的分布式反馈蝶形激光器检测乙炔气体，灵敏度高达3.36 μV/ppm。当积分时间延长到100 s时，最小检出限低至0.59 ppb。此外，其灵活的设计和广谱兼容性使其具有扩展到其他气体（如甲烷和氮氧化物）的巨大潜力，为超灵敏微量气体检测提供了新的前景。

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引用次数: 0

An acoustic-optic confocal probe based photoacoustic and ultrasonic tracheal endoscopy for characterizing phantom and model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 基于声光共聚焦探针的光声和超声气管内窥镜用于表征慢性阻塞性肺疾病的幻影和模型

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100760

Xiaowei Chen , Xue Wen , Bingyan Fang , Zhixiong Lei , Jiarui Chen , Lvming Zeng , Kedi Xiong , Weizhan Luo , Lan Zhang , Hongbo Fu , Shiyue Li , Jian Zhang

Integrated photoacoustic endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound (PAE/EUS) are recognized as an effective method for detecting intestinal and intravascular diseases. Changes in the morphology and composition of the trachea are significant hallmarks of respiratory diseases. In this study, an acoustic-optic confocal probe was developed and integrated at the tip of a 2.1 mm diameter catheter to perform simultaneous PAE/EUS imaging. Phantom experimental results demonstrated that the catheter achieved a high lateral resolution of 11 µm, with an imaging depth of 12 mm, using an excitation energy of 1.5 μJ. Trachea from healthy and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rabbit models and in vivo were imaged by the PAE/EUS system. The results demonstrated that photoacoustic imaging could identify increases in the diameter and density of the tracheal microvessels, while ultrasound imaging provided detailed views of the tracheal submucosa. These findings underscore the potential of PAE/EUS in the diagnosis of COPD.

光声内镜与超声内镜合一（PAE/EUS）是公认的检测肠道和血管内疾病的有效方法。气管形态和组成的变化是呼吸系统疾病的重要标志。在本研究中，声光共聚焦探头被开发并集成在直径2.1 mm的导管尖端，用于同时进行PAE/EUS成像。幻影实验结果表明，在激发能为1.5 μJ的情况下，该导管获得了11 µm的高横向分辨率，成像深度为12 mm。采用PAE/EUS系统对健康、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）兔模型和体内气管进行成像。结果表明，光声成像可以识别气管微血管直径和密度的增加，而超声成像可以提供气管粘膜下层的详细视图。这些发现强调了PAE/EUS在COPD诊断中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Sensitive light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy based on transmitted light amplification 基于透射光放大的敏感光致热弹性光谱学

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100759

Zhenfeng Gong , Ruoran Kan , Mingzhe Li , Mi Zhou , Guojie Wu , Xiang Chen

This paper investigates the light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES) based on transmitted light amplification to realize high-precision gas detection. The modulated laser beam passes through a multi-pass cell and is then coupled to an optical amplifier. The multi-pass cell reflects the laser beam 100 times, has an optical length of 16 m, and its transmitted light intensity is 1.67 mW. A narrowband fiber optical filter with a bandwidth of 0.8 nm is utilized to suppress optical noise. Based on the transmitted light amplification, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is improved by a factor of 3.6. To investigate the enhancement of second harmonic (2 f) signals under weak light intensities, a fiber optical attenuator is adopted to attenuate the transmitted light intensity. While the transmitted light intensity is attenuated to 0.048 mW, a high SNR of 1823 and a minimum detection limit (MDL) of 0.110 ppm can be obtained. Hence, LITES based on transmitted light amplification enables high-precision measurements while the light intensity is only at the scale of μW. This approach facilitates a significant increase in the number of beam reflections as well as the optical length of the multi-pass cell and resonant cavity for LITES sensors.

本文研究了基于透射光放大的光致热弹性光谱（LITES）技术，以实现高精度气体检测。调制的激光束通过一个多通单元，然后耦合到一个光放大器。多通电池对激光束进行100次反射，光长为16 m，透射光强为1.67 mW。利用带宽为0.8 nm的窄带光纤滤波器抑制光噪声。基于透射光放大，信噪比提高了3.6倍。为了研究微弱光强下二次谐波（2 f）信号的增强，采用光纤衰减器对透射光强进行衰减。当透射光强衰减到0.048 mW时，可获得1823的高信噪比和0.110 ppm的最小检测限。因此，基于透射光放大的LITES可以在光强仅为μW的尺度下实现高精度测量。这种方法有助于显著增加光束反射的数量，以及LITES传感器的多通单元和谐振腔的光学长度。

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引用次数: 0

Sparse scanning encoding and neural network decoding for compressed photoacoustic microscopy 压缩光声显微镜稀疏扫描编码与神经网络解码

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100757

Junjie She , Qican Zhang , Yajun Wang , Hongying Hu , Meng You , Junfei Shen

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) offers high-resolution, non-invasive, and label-free imaging, making it invaluable for biomedical research. However, slow data acquisition and high sampling requirements remain key challenges that limit its broader applicability and scalability. We propose an Information-Efficient Photoacoustic Microscopy (IE-PAM) that jointly integrates sparse scanning encoding with neural network decoding to achieve high-quality reconstruction from extremely limited measurements. Specifically, IE-PAM employs a sparse-scanning acquisition scheme guided by random binary masks and reconstructs high-fidelity images using AFDU-Net, a custom-designed neural decoder trained on fully sampled ground truth data. Our system can faithfully recover detailed anatomical structures from as little as 1.5 % of the full sampling rate, corresponding to more than a 66-fold increase in acquisition efficiency. In in-vivo experiments on mouse ear vasculature, IE-PAM outperforms both traditional and learning-based baselines in fine vascular fidelity, artifact suppression, and robustness across varying sampling rates. By minimizing information redundancy at the acquisition stage and enabling accurate reconstruction from minimal data, IE-PAM provides a foundation for efficient, fast and scalable photoacoustic imaging in both preclinical and research applications.

光声显微镜（PAM）提供高分辨率，非侵入性和无标签成像，使其对生物医学研究非常宝贵。然而，缓慢的数据采集和高采样要求仍然是限制其更广泛的适用性和可扩展性的关键挑战。我们提出了一种信息高效光声显微镜（IE-PAM），它联合集成了稀疏扫描编码和神经网络解码，以从极其有限的测量中实现高质量的重建。具体而言，IE-PAM采用随机二值掩模引导的稀疏扫描采集方案，并使用AFDU-Net（一种定制设计的基于全采样地面真值数据训练的神经解码器）重建高保真图像。我们的系统可以忠实地恢复详细的解剖结构，只需1.5 %的全采样率，相当于采集效率提高了66倍以上。在小鼠耳血管的体内实验中，IE-PAM在不同采样率下的精细血管保真度、伪像抑制和鲁棒性方面优于传统和基于学习的基线。通过最大限度地减少采集阶段的信息冗余，并从最少的数据中实现准确的重建，IE-PAM为临床前和研究应用中高效、快速和可扩展的光声成像提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing photoacoustic trace gas detection via a CNN–transformer denoising framework 通过cnn -变压器去噪框架增强光声痕量气体检测

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100758

Chen Zhang , Yan Gao , Ruyue Cui , Hanxi Zhang , Jinhua Tian , Yujie Tang , Lei Yang , Chaofan Feng , Pietro Patimisco , Angelo Sampaolo , Vincenzo Spagnolo , Xukun Yin , Lei Dong , Hongpeng Wu

We present a novel approach for gas concentration measurement using a differential resonant photoacoustic cell combined with a deep learning-based signal denoising model. This method addresses the persistent challenge of noise interference in 2 f signals at low gas concentrations, where conventional processing methods struggle to maintain signal fidelity. To resolve this, we propose a deep learning model that integrates 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (1D CNNs) for local feature extraction and Transformer networks for capturing global dependencies. The model was trained using synthetic signals with added noise to simulate real-world conditions, ensuring robustness and adaptability. Applied to experimental 2 f signals, the model demonstrated excellent noise suppression capabilities, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 500 ppb acetylene signals by a factor of approximately 70. Furthermore, the determination coefficient (R²) improved, reflecting better accuracy and linearity in signal reconstruction. These results underscore the model's potential for improving detection sensitivity and reliability in trace gas measurements, marking a significant advancement in spectroscopic signal processing for gas detection.

我们提出了一种新的气体浓度测量方法，使用差分谐振光声电池结合基于深度学习的信号去噪模型。该方法解决了低气体浓度下2 f信号中持续存在的噪声干扰问题，传统处理方法难以保持信号保真度。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一个深度学习模型，该模型集成了用于局部特征提取的1D卷积神经网络（1D cnn）和用于捕获全局依赖关系的Transformer网络。该模型使用添加噪声的合成信号进行训练，以模拟真实情况，确保鲁棒性和适应性。应用于实验2 f信号，该模型显示出良好的噪声抑制能力，将500 ppb乙炔信号的信噪比（SNR）提高了约70倍。此外，确定系数（R²）提高，反映了信号重建的精度和线性度。这些结果强调了该模型在提高痕量气体测量的检测灵敏度和可靠性方面的潜力，标志着气体检测光谱信号处理的重大进步。

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引用次数: 0

Magneto-photoacoustic coupling: A pathway to optical-resolution electrical conductivity imaging 磁光声耦合：实现光学分辨率电导率成像的途径

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100755

Songqing Xie , Zhuojun Xie , Shuai Na

Electrical conductivity is a critical biomarker for cellular activity and a fundamental parameter in material science. However, achieving label-free, contact-free conductivity measurements with optical-scale resolution remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a magneto-photoacoustic coupling effect that enables conductivity mapping through photoacoustic excitation in the presence of a static magnetic field. The governing equation for this phenomenon is derived, demonstrating a linear relationship between the induced photoacoustic pressure and the product of the local magnetic flux density squared and electrical conductivity. This theoretical framework is further validated using numerical simulation, which showcases the method’s capability for optical-resolution conductivity imaging. The proposed approach unlocks new opportunities for applications ranging from real-time tracking of neuronal ion channel dynamics to nanoscale defect characterization in metallic and semiconductor materials.

电导率是细胞活性的重要生物标志物，也是材料科学的基本参数。然而，实现光学尺度分辨率的无标签、无接触电导率测量仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们介绍了磁光声耦合效应，使电导率映射通过光声激发在静态磁场的存在。推导了这一现象的控制方程，证明了感应光声压与局部磁通密度平方和电导率的乘积之间的线性关系。通过数值模拟进一步验证了该理论框架，证明了该方法具有光学分辨率电导率成像的能力。所提出的方法为从实时跟踪神经元离子通道动力学到金属和半导体材料的纳米级缺陷表征等应用提供了新的机会。

引用次数: 0

Optoacoustic imaging in lower extremity revascularization: A novel technique to assess perioperative muscle perfusion 光声成像在下肢血运重建术中的应用：评估围手术期肌肉灌注的新技术

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100756

Tim Wittig , Birte Winther , Charlene Reichl , Andrej Schmidt , Dierk Scheinert , Sabine Steiner

Objectives

This proof-of-concept study aimed to assess the feasibility of Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography (MSOT) in evaluating changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) levels in muscles of the lower limb before and after lower extremity revascularization (LER).

Methods

In 26 patients, HbO2 levels were assessed before and after LER, with follow-up assessing symptom control and patency for up to six months.

Results

A significant difference in HbO2 levels was observed between pre- and post-LER in the muscles of the lower limb. In 10 patients, HbO2 levels did not increase following LER, and at the 6-month follow-up, 2 of these patients required target lesion revascularization (TLR) due to restenosis of ≥ 50 % stenosis. In contrast, 16 patients demonstrated increased HbO2 levels post-LER, with no patients requiring TLR at 6-months.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the potential of MSOT to detect changes in tissue perfusion following LER, highlighting its promise as a novel imaging modality for guiding treatment strategies.

目的：本概念验证研究旨在评估多光谱光声断层扫描（MSOT）在评估下肢血运重建术（LER）前后下肢肌肉含氧血红蛋白（HbO2）水平变化的可行性。方法对26例患者进行LER治疗前后HbO2水平评估，随访6个月，观察患者症状控制情况及通畅程度。结果ler治疗前后下肢肌肉HbO2水平差异有统计学意义。在10例患者中，HbO2水平在LER后没有升高，在6个月的随访中，其中2例患者由于再狭窄≥ 50% %而需要进行靶病变血运重建术（TLR）。相比之下，16例患者在ler后HbO2水平升高，6个月时没有患者需要TLR。结论本研究证明了MSOT检测LER后组织灌注变化的潜力，突出了其作为指导治疗策略的新型成像方式的前景。

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引用次数: 0

All-optical in vivo photoacoustic tomography by adaptive multilayer acoustic backpropagation 自适应多层声反向传播的全光体内光声层析成像

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100753

Taeil Yoon , Hakseok Ko , Jeongmyo Im , Euiheon Chung , Wonshik Choi , Byeongha Lee

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) combines high optical contrast with deep acoustic penetration, making it valuable for biomedical imaging. However, all-optical systems often face challenges in measuring the acoustic wave-induced displacements on rough and dynamic tissues surfaces. We present an all-optical PAT system enabling fast and high-resolution volumetric imaging in vivo. By integrating holographic microscopy with a soft cover layer and coherent averaging, the system detects ultrasound-induced surface displacements over a 10 × 10 mm² area with 0.5 nm sensitivity in 1 s. A novel backpropagation algorithm reconstructs a depth-selective pressure image from two consecutive displacement maps. The coherent summation of these depth-selective pressure images enables the reconstruction of a 3D acoustic pressure image. Using adaptive multilayer backpropagation, we achieve imaging depths of up to 5 mm, with lateral and axial resolutions of 158 µm and 92 µm, respectively, demonstrated through in vivo imaging of mouse vasculature and chicken embryo vessels.

光声断层扫描（PAT）结合了高光学对比度和深声穿透，使其在生物医学成像中具有重要价值。然而，全光学系统在测量粗糙和动态组织表面声波引起的位移时经常面临挑战。我们提出了一种全光学PAT系统，可以实现体内快速和高分辨率的体积成像。通过将全息显微镜与软覆盖层和相干平均相结合，该系统可以在1 s内以0.5 nm的灵敏度检测到10 × 10 mm²区域内超声波引起的表面位移。一种新的反向传播算法从两个连续的位移图中重建深度选择的压力图像。这些深度选择压力图像的相干求和可以重建3D声压图像。利用自适应多层反向传播技术，通过小鼠血管和鸡胚血管的体内成像，我们实现了高达5 mm的成像深度，横向和轴向分辨率分别为158 µm和92 µm。

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引用次数: 0

Conductance-photoacoustic spectroscopy for fast and concurrent sensing of hydrogen and hydrocarbons 用于氢和碳氢化合物的快速和同步传感的电导光声光谱

IF 6.8 1区医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Photoacoustics

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2025.100752

Ruobin Zhuang , Jianfeng He , Haoyang Lin , Huijian Luo , Leqing Lin , Lihao Wang , Bin Liu , Wenguo Zhu , Yongchun Zhong , Jianhui Yu , Markus Sigrist , Huadan Zheng

Accurate and rapid detection of hydrogen and hydrocarbons is critical for safety and efficiency in modern energy, industrial, and environmental systems. However, selective and simultaneous quantification of these species remains a significant technical challenge. Here, we introduce conductance–photoacoustic spectroscopy (ConPAS), an integrated sensing approach that combines conductance-based resonance modulation with quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy in a single device. By bridging a quartz tuning fork (QTF) with a catalytic platinum microwire, ConPAS enables concurrent extraction of hydrogen and hydrocarbon concentrations from a unified electrical signal: hydrogen is quantified by frequency analysis, while hydrocarbon content is determined by amplitude analysis simultaneously. Experiments demonstrate minimum detection limits of 0.69 % for hydrogen, 40.26 ppm for propane, and 133.7 ppm for methane, with millisecond response time and excellent linearity (R² > 0.99). The modular architecture allows flexible adaptation to other analytes via material substitution, offering a scalable and versatile solution for simultaneous, multi-component gas sensing. This work establishes ConPAS as a powerful, calibration-compatible platform for integrated gas analysis in hydrogen-enriched environments, with broad implications for safety monitoring, process control, and advanced energy applications.

准确、快速地检测氢和碳氢化合物对于现代能源、工业和环境系统的安全和效率至关重要。然而，这些物种的选择性和同时定量仍然是一个重大的技术挑战。在这里，我们介绍了电导光声光谱（ConPAS），这是一种在单个设备中结合电导共振调制和石英增强光声光谱的集成传感方法。通过将石英音叉（QTF）与催化铂微丝桥接，ConPAS可以从统一的电信号中同时提取氢和碳氢化合物浓度：氢通过频率分析量化，而碳氢化合物含量通过幅度分析同时确定。实验表明，氢气的最小检出限为0.69 %，丙烷为40.26 ppm，甲烷为133.7 ppm，响应时间为毫秒级，线性良好(R²>；0.99)。模块化结构允许通过材料替代灵活适应其他分析物，为同时，多组分气体传感提供可扩展和通用的解决方案。这项工作建立了ConPAS作为一个强大的、校准兼容的平台，用于富氢环境中的综合气体分析，对安全监测、过程控制和先进的能源应用具有广泛的意义。

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引用次数: 0