Lancet Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Addressing key risk factors for suicide at a societal level.","authors":"Jane Pirkis,Jason Bantjes,Rakhi Dandona,Duleeka Knipe,Alexandra Pitman,Jo Robinson,Morton Silverman,Keith Hawton","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00158-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00158-0","url":null,"abstract":"A public health approach to suicide prevention recognises the powerful influence of social determinants. In this paper-the fifth in a Series on a public health approach to suicide prevention-we consider four major risk factors for suicide (alcohol use, gambling, domestic violence and abuse, and suicide bereavement) and examine how their influence on suicide is socially determined. Cultural factors and societal responses have an important role in all four risk factors. In the case of alcohol use and gambling, commercial entities are culpable. This Series paper describes a range of universal, selective, and indicated interventions that might address these risk factors, and focuses particularly on key universal interventions that are likely to yield substantial population-level benefits.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultures, contexts, and learning opportunities in suicide prevention.","authors":"Lai Fong Chan","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00216-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00216-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing suicide: understanding the complex interplay between individual and societal factors.","authors":"Rory C O'Connor,Olivia J Kirtley,Derek de Beurs","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00217-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00217-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health measures related to the transmissibility of suicide.","authors":"Jane Pirkis,Jason Bantjes,Madelyn Gould,Thomas Niederkrotenthaler,Jo Robinson,Mark Sinyor,Michiko Ueda,Keith Hawton","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00153-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00153-1","url":null,"abstract":"Transmission is an important concept in suicide prevention. It can occur when exposure to another person's death by suicide (or to suicide-related information more generally) draws attention to suicide or highlights specific suicide methods. In this paper, the fourth in a Series on a public health approach to suicide prevention, we contend that the transmissibility of suicide must be considered when determining optimal ways to address it. We draw on five examples of how transmission might occur and be prevented. The first two examples relate to transmission initiated by representations of suicide in traditional and new media. The third concerns transmission that leads to suicide clusters, and the fourth considers a specific setting in which transmission occurs, namely secondary schools. Finally, we discuss how suicide risk might be countered by the transmission of suicide prevention messages in media campaigns.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing suicide: a public health approach to a global problem.","authors":"Jane Pirkis,Rakhi Dandona,Morton Silverman,Murad Khan,Keith Hawton","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00149-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00149-x","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide is prevalent in all countries and is largely preventable. The causes of suicide are multiple and varied. Social determinants of suicide are crucial, but to date these have received insufficient policy attention. This paper, which is the first in a Series on taking a public health approach to suicide prevention, argues for a major change in the way we think about suicide and its prevention. This Series paper presents a public health model that emphasises the broad social determinants of suicide and describes a framework through which these might be addressed. We argue for a policy reset that would take national suicide prevention strategies to the next level. Such policies would become whole-of-government endeavours that tackle major social determinants of suicide at their source. We also argue that high-quality data and methodologically rigorous evaluation are integral to this public health approach.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A public health approach to suicide prevention.","authors":"The Lancet Public Health","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00220-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00220-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing suicide: a call to action.","authors":"Keith Hawton,Jane Pirkis","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00159-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00159-2","url":null,"abstract":"The public health approach to suicide prevention requires us to move away from thinking about suicide as a purely clinical problem and to pay heed to the array of social determinants (such as financial hardship or domestic violence and abuse) that might lead people to consider suicide as an option. Clinical factors are important, and, indeed, clinical or indicated interventions are entirely appropriate for people who have reached a point of crisis and should be a mainstay of national suicide prevention strategies. However, our Series stresses the need for selective and universal interventions that tackle the pervasive problem of suicide in a more upstream way, preventing people reaching a crisis point. Many social determinants can best be addressed by sectors outside health, so we are calling for a whole-of-government commitment to suicide prevention. We make recommendations for actions in the areas of policy, practice, research, and advocacy. People with lived experience of suicide should have genuine involvement in all of these actions.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of economic downturn, financial hardship, unemployment, and relevant government responses on suicide.","authors":"Mark Sinyor,Morton Silverman,Jane Pirkis,Keith Hawton","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00152-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00152-x","url":null,"abstract":"Economic circumstances and related factors, including unemployment and poverty, can have substantial effects on suicide rates. This relationship applies in all countries, irrespective of their World Bank income status or level of development. Therefore, means of mitigating such influences are essential components of strategies to reduce suicides. In this Series paper, we consider examples of such initiatives, including national policies to try to reduce the effect of economic downturns, efforts to maintain employment and avoid damaging austerity measures, maintenance of reasonable minimum wage levels, and specific policies to assist those most affected by poverty. We also highlight upstream measures such as investment in transport infrastructure, industries, and retraining programmes. Positive public health messaging that encourages coping, together with discouragement of media stories with messages that could contribute to hopelessness in those experiencing economic difficulties, can also be important components of strategies to try to reduce the effect of economic downturn on suicide.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142231378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential impact of replacing the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine with 15-valent or 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the 1 + 1 infant schedule in England: a modelling study.","authors":"Yoon Hong Choi, Marta Bertran, David J Litt, Shamez N Ladhani, Elizabeth Miller","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00161-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00161-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paediatric pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) programmes in England using seven-valent PCV (PCV7) in 2006 and 13-valent PCV (PCV13) in 2010 have reduced vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease, but the overall effect has been reduced by an increase in invasive pneumococcal disease due to non-vaccine serotypes and serotype 3. We developed pneumococcal transmission models to investigate the potential effect on invasive pneumococcal disease of higher valency PCVs covering an additional two (ie, 15-valent PCV [PCV15]) or seven serotypes (ie, 20-valent PCV [PCV20]) in England.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a modelling study using realistic, age-structured, and compartmental deterministic models fitted to carriage data from before the introduction of PCVs and invasive pneumococcal disease data from before and after the introduction of PCV7 and PCV13 in England from the UK Heath Security Agency invasive pneumococcal disease surveillance system. We estimated key parameters, including PCV7 and PCV13 efficacy against vaccine-type carriage and invasiveness of PCV7 serotypes; the additional serotypes in PCV13, PCV15 and PCV20; and non-vaccine serotypes. We simulated the effect of transitioning from PCV13 to PCV15 or PCV20 in infants under the current 1 + 1 vaccination schedule and investigated the effect of reduced carriage protection against PCV13 serotypes due to attenuation of immunogenicity in higher valency vaccines.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Our results suggest that PCV15 might increase overall invasive pneumococcal disease as the reduction in vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease would be counterbalanced by an increase in non-PCV15 invasive pneumococcal disease. By contrast, PCV20 is projected to have a substantial impact on overall invasive pneumococcal disease due to higher invasiveness of the additional serotypes covered by PCV20 than the replacing non-vaccine serotypes. Reduced carriage protection against PCV13 serotypes with higher valency vaccines would amplify these effects.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Replacing PCV13 with PCV20 is likely to have a substantial public health benefit, but PCV15 could potentially increase the overall burden of disease.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>UK Health Security Agency and National Institute of Health Research.</p>","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"e654-e663"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investing in adolescent health and wellbeing.","authors":"The Lancet Public Health","doi":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00193-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00193-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"e635"},"PeriodicalIF":25.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}