Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics of lower limb skeletal muscle activity during walking in patients with knee osteoarthritis and knee extensor weakness: Comprehensive assessment using positron emission tomography","authors":"Takuya Sengoku ,&nbsp;Takeshi Oshima ,&nbsp;Yasushi Takata ,&nbsp;Junichi Taki ,&nbsp;Yusuke Yanatori ,&nbsp;Goro Sakurai ,&nbsp;Seigo Kinuya ,&nbsp;Satoru Demura ,&nbsp;Junsuke Nakase","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare the whole-body muscles glucose metabolism during walking among patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with and without knee extensor weakness using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were divided into group A (n = 7) with good and group B (n = 15) with poor knee extensor strength, based on a weight-bearing ratio of 0.45 Nm/kg of the knee extensor strength required for walking adaptation. After treadmill walking task, FDG-PET computed tomography was performed, and standardised uptake values of glucose metabolism were calculated. Hip abductor and knee extensor strengths were measured using a handheld dynamometer. A comparison between the two groups and investigation into the correlation between glucose metabolism and muscle strength (hip abductor and knee extensor) were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences were observed in overall glucose metabolism; However, when adjusting for sex between the two groups, Group B exhibited higher glucose metabolism in the tibialis anterior muscle (P = 0.04). Furthermore, glucose metabolism in the rectus femoris muscle showed a negative correlation with muscle strength during isometric contractions for hip abductor and knee extensor.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with KOA exhibiting reduced knee extensor strength have increased glucose metabolism in the tibialis anterior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instruction during lifting: How analogy and explicit instruction influence performance and motor control","authors":"Angel Carnero-Diaz ,&nbsp;Matt Greig ,&nbsp;David Wing ,&nbsp;Javier Pecci","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the effects of analogy (ANA) and explicit (EXP) verbal instruction on motor performance and muscle activation during a weightlifting task. Traditional coaching strategies often rely on explicit cues; however, recent research suggests that analogy-based instructions may offer a more efficient route to motor learning by promoting implicit control.</div></div><div><h3>Scope</h3><div>Twenty novice participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions (ANA, EXP, or control), with the sequence of conditions counterbalanced across three consecutive days. Day 1 involved familiarization; Day 2 included the control and first experimental condition; and Day 3 completed the second experimental condition. Participants performed both isometric and dynamic lifting tasks while muscle activity (EMG), force production, and declarative knowledge were assessed using a within-participant design.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results revealed significant alterations in lower limb EMG activity following both instructional strategies (p &lt; 0.05), indicating a reorganization of motor control. Moreover, the EXP group exhibited significantly lower rate of force development within the first 200 ms compared to the control (p &lt; 0.05). Overall force output was also higher in the control group. These findings suggest that avoiding verbal instruction may benefit maximal force production. However, analogy instructions appear to maintain performance levels while altering neuromuscular strategies.</div><div>Clinical trial register number ANZCTR (code: 386738).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do technological tools improve reliability in ankle dorsiflexion assessment? A study across healthy and injured individuals","authors":"Germán Cánovas-Ambit ,&nbsp;Jorge Godínez Leal ,&nbsp;Aitor Baño-Alcaraz ,&nbsp;Manuel López Nicolas ,&nbsp;José A. García-Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The objective was to examine the intra- and inter-rater reliability of three instruments for measuring ankle dorsiflexion (ADF) range of motion (ROM) and degree of asymmetry in the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test (WBLT). Additionally, the study evaluated the agreement between these tools in both asymptomatic and symptomatic populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-five participants were included, comprising 32 healthy individuals and 33 subjects presenting ankle pathology. Measurements were conducted on two separate occasions by two independent assessors using distinct methods to quantify ADF-ROM and asymmetry during the WBLT.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Veloflex demonstrated strong intra- and inter-rater reliability, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) consistently above 0.88, for both ADF-ROM measurement and asymmetry detection across symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. Furthermore, an acceptable agreement was observed between Veloflex and the tape measure in the symptomatic cohort, while agreement between Veloflex and the Dorsiflex app was suboptimal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicate that Veloflex is a reliable tool for assessing ADF-ROM and asymmetry in both healthy and pathological cases. While the tape measure offers a viable alternative to Veloflex in symptomatic assessments, substitution of Veloflex with the Dorsiflex app is not supported due to inconsistent agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145536981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based estimation of EMG baseline noise standard deviation without rest trials","authors":"Naisargi Mehta,&nbsp;Bashima Islam,&nbsp;Edward A. Clancy","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of resting noise standard deviation (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) in surface electromyography (EMG) is essential for EMG amplitude estimation, particularly during low-level contractions where signal-to-noise ratios are low. Conventional <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> estimates are made from rest-state EMG recordings, but such data are not always available or routinely recorded in real-world settings. This study compared three methods of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> estimation: 1) direct rest-state measurement (“truth”), and two methods intended to remove the need for explicit rest trials: 2) a novel machine learning (ML) approach utilizing active contractions, and 3) a fixed <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> value of 3 % maximum voluntary EMG (MVE). The ML model was trained on simulated EMG, then fine-tuned on EMG recordings from constant-force and force-varying elbow contraction of 62 subjects spanning three different EMG acquisition systems. Direct resting <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> measurements had a median absolute inter-trial difference of 0.06 % MVE. ML had a median absolute difference from rest-based <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> of 1.4 % MVE. The fixed <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> approach had a median absolute difference (1.71 % MVE) from rest-based <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> that did not differ significantly from the ML results. In a separate evaluation of baseline EMG noise reduction, omission of noise correction performed worst, ML and the fixed <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> value performed similarly but statistically better (45 % noise reduction compared to no noise correction), and noise calibration from a rest contraction performed statistically best (75 % noise reduction compared to no noise correction). These results suggest the feasibility of ML—or use of a fixed <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>noise</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> value—as alternatives to direct EMG noise measurement, enabling more reliable EMG analysis in scenarios where rest-state data cannot be collected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided acupotomy in the treatment of spastic paralysis after stroke: a randomised controlled clinical trial study","authors":"Yinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yujuan Lan ,&nbsp;Xia Li ,&nbsp;Qingyan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuanhong Si ,&nbsp;Kejiang Peng ,&nbsp;Minghui Liu ,&nbsp;Shuo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided acupotomy in patients with spastic paralysis after stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A simple random sampling was used to select a total of 66 patients diagnosed with spastic paralysis after stroke in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2022 and June 2023. They were randomly divided into the ultrasound-guided acupotomy group(33 patients) and the traditional acupotomy group (33 patients). The thickness and elasticity of the biceps brachii of the affected limb and healthy limb before and after treatment were measured and compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the comparison of the Fugl–Meyer Assessment scale score, modified Barthel Index (MBI) score, neurological deficit Chinese Stroke Scale score, brachial muscle and the posterior biceps Emean, the ultrasound-guided acupotomy group scored higher than the traditional acupotomy group (<em>p &lt;</em> 0.05), and the overall efficacy of the ultrasound-guided acupotomy group was better than that of the traditional acupotomy group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ultrasound-guided acupotomy can better find the needle point visually and is superior to traditional treatment methods. It has good standardisation, uniformity, operability, safety and repeatability. It may provide a new potential therapy for spastic paralysis after stroke.</div><div><strong>Clinical trial registration:</strong> The trial has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300073294).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in myoelectric manifestations of shoulder fatigue in time–frequency and complexity domains during a repetitive shoulder height task","authors":"Yiyang Chen ,&nbsp;Di Kang ,&nbsp;Julie N. Côté","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have shown sex differences in muscle activation amplitude and frequency spectrum during fatiguing shoulder-height tasks. However, time–frequency and complexity analyses may reveal new features of the shoulder’s injury exposure with fatigue, but have never been compared between sexes. Fifty-five (29 females) asymptomatic young adults performed a repetitive, forward–backward shoulder height task until scoring 8/10 on a Borg CR10 scale while surface electromyography (EMG) of upper trapezius, anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, and triceps brachii was recorded. Findings show that 1) all muscles displayed decreased sample entropy and mean frequency with fatigue; 2) fatigue led to decreased major frequency (i.e., frequency with the highest power on the wavelet scalogram) of anterior deltoid, biceps brachii, and triceps but not upper trapezius; 3) females’ biceps brachii mean frequency and complexity were significantly higher than males’; all other frequency components were similar between sexes; 4) females showed significantly lower complexity of anterior deltoid. Results suggest that entropy and continuous wavelet transform analyses are capable of revealing new effects of sex and fatigue in myoelectric manifestations of repetitive shoulder tasks. This information may be useful towards modeling shoulder joint loads and predicting sex-specific shoulder injury risks in future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating IMU signals from surface EMG using physics-informed and domain-adaptive neural networks","authors":"Hari Iyer,&nbsp;Heejin Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2026.103105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a physics-informed, domain-adaptive neural network architecture for estimating body kinematics from surface electromyography (EMG) signals across heterogeneous human task domains. The proposed approach addresses the biomechanical inverse mapping problem by predicting inertial measurement unit (IMU) outputs at the window level directly from segmented and normalized EMG inputs, without requiring domain-specific tuning or retraining. The model employs a shared convolutional feature extractor followed by two branches: a primary regression head that predicts mean IMU signals and a domain-classification head trained adversarially using a gradient reversal layer. This architecture encourages the learning of task-invariant representations while preserving discriminative capacity for accurate motion prediction. To enforce biomechanical plausibility, we introduce a physics-informed loss term that penalizes the first derivative of the predicted acceleration (i.e., jerk), thereby reducing unrealistic dynamics. The model was evaluated using EMG-IMU data collected across five distinct task categories with varied sensor configurations. The proposed approach achieved a root mean squared error of 0.42 ± 0.11 m/s² for acceleration and 6.38 ± 1.1°/s for gyroscope outputs across 57 IMU output channels, corresponding to approximately 23% and 2.7% of peak amplitudes, respectively. Domain prediction accuracy reached nearly 75%, with per-class precision, recall, and F1 scores varying as a function of domain complexity and the degree of overlap in EMG activation and motion patterns across task domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Task failure reveals range-dependent neuromuscular fatigue in shoulder muscles during arm elevation","authors":"Kara-Lyn Harrison,&nbsp;Rebecca Franklin,&nbsp;Trisha Scribbans","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Repeated upper limb performance fatigues periscapular and/or rotator cuff muscles, which may alter humeral and scapular kinematics leading to increased subacromial impingement syndrome risk. However, the specific changes in neuromuscular patterns across different phases of a functional movement performed to failure remain unclear. This study investigated neuromuscular fatigue during a repeated arm elevation task to failure in asymptomatic individuals. Participants elevated their dominant arm while holding ∼ 30 % of their maximal isometric shoulder flexion load until task failure. High-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) was recorded from the pectoralis major (PM), biceps brachii (BB), and trapezius (UT, MT, LT) to accurately identify innervation zones and to enhance signal validity, while bipolar sEMG collected from the deltoid (AD, LD, PD), serratus anterior (SA) and infraspinatus (IN). Root mean square (RMS, %MVIC) and mean power frequency (MPF) were analyzed between three ranges of arm elevation (bottom, middle, top) at baseline and failure. During the middle and top ranges of arm elevation at task failure increased sEMG amplitude and/or decreased MPF of the PM, AD, BB, SA, LD, IN, UT, and MT were present. These results reveal that neuromuscular fatigue was highly dependent on the range of motion, with significant interactions showing that fatigue-related increases in RMS and decreases in MPF were most prominent in the middle and top ranges. These findings suggest that muscle function is altered precisely within the ranges where impingement risk is greatest, providing a potential neuromuscular basis for fatigue-related injury. Building off of these results, future work should use advanced techniques like high-density EMG and shear wave elastography to define how these fatigue-related changes in neuromuscular responses influence motor unit recruitment strategies, muscle force production, and subsequent alterations to SAS and injury risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145769735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of maximal voluntary isometric lower limb muscle strength using a hand-held dynamometer in a non-injured healthy population: A systematic review of reference values, protocols, and sex differences","authors":"Mariana B. Machado ,&nbsp;Ana Louise. R. de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Ingara Schindler ,&nbsp;Paulo Canas Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Micheli B. Saquetto ,&nbsp;Gustavo Leporace ,&nbsp;Fabio L. Arcanjo ,&nbsp;Mansueto Gomes-Neto","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although hand-held dynamometers are increasingly used in clinical practice, no systematic review has yet detailed the protocols for their use or thoroughly analyzed the results obtained. Objective: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to compile reference values for maximal voluntary isometric strength of the lower limbs, as measured with handheld dynamometry, in healthy individuals. The goal was to provide useful normative data for clinical strength assessments and to examine variations in measurement protocols and differences related to sex across different age groups. Methods: Searches were performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, and CINAHL from inception to April 2025. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted, and the pooled data were presented using the standardized mean difference and 95 % confidence intervals. Results: We included 19 studies with 4,854 non-injured participants from 10 different countries. From the included studies, data on maximal voluntary isometric lower limb muscle strength were extracted and synthesized according to age group and sex. We found a relatively limited number of studies (n = 5) that proposed reference equations. Conclusions: This systematic review provides the most up-to-date sex- and age-specific reference values for measuring muscle strength using isometric handheld dynamometry. Additionally, we provide practical instructions for using manual dynamometry in the lower limbs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency-specific modulations of oscillatory neural drives to lower leg muscles during gait with aiding and impeding horizontal forces","authors":"Ryosuke Kitatani ,&nbsp;Rina Numata ,&nbsp;Runa Sorimachi ,&nbsp;Naofumi Otsuru ,&nbsp;Sumiya Shibata ,&nbsp;Hideaki Onishi","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2025.103098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gait training with impeding horizontal force around the center of mass (COM) improves gait speed due to enhancements on activities in gastrocnemius (GC) muscles; however, the underlying neural mechanisms of these changes remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the influence of impeding horizontal force around the COM during gait on oscillatory neural drives to lower leg muscles using coherence analysis of paired surface electromyography, which in the alpha and beta bands reflect subcortical and cortical origins, respectively. Twenty healthy young adults participated in three gait conditions: normal gait without additional horizontal force, and gait with aiding and impeding horizontal forces, which were applied with a load of 5 % of body weight at the second sacral spine level via a waist belt. Medialis and lateralis GC intermuscular coherence in the alpha band (7.5–15 Hz) was significantly higher under the impeding force condition compared to the aiding force and normal gait conditions, whereas beta-band (15–35 Hz) coherence was significantly higher in the impeding force condition only compared to the aiding force condition. Impeding horizontal force around the COM during gait enhances oscillatory neural drives, predominantly from subcortical origins to GC muscles, with additional cortical contributions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 103098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145679814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}