International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Different Parenteral Agents as Postoperative Analgesics among Patients of Lichtenstein Repair: A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"Rohit Srivastava, Shivani Kumari, Sanjay Kumar Bhat, Sunil Kumar Singh, Priyanka Rai, Amarjot Singh","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2023/64354.2914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2023/64354.2914","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hernia surgery is one of the most frequently done surgeries worldwide. It is of special concern since, the postoperative pain can be because of injury to the nerves apart from the skin incision. Different drugs are used as analgesics for the management of postoperative pain, but there are hardly any guidelines for their judicious use. Besides, these analgesics are not free from clinically significant adverse effects. Therefore, there is a need of developing some guideline/protocols for using analgesics postoperatively. Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous (i.v.) diclofenac bolus, i.v. paracetamol infusion, and i.v. tramadol as postoperative analgesics in cases of inguinal hernia undergoing Lichenstein repair (open hernioplasty). Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery at a Tertiary Care Teaching and Training Institute, North India. The duration of the study was two months, from February 2021 to March 2021. A total of 57 patients were included in the study and grouped as per the primary analgesic used in them, out of which 18 belonged to group A (i.v. diclofenac bolus), 22 to group B (i.v. paracetamol infusion), and 17 to group C (i.v. tramadol). Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores were assessed at 6 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours, postoperatively. The type and frequency of additional analgesics used were noted. Any clinically significant adverse effects were also recorded. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square tests were applied to analyse the continuous and categorical data respectively. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 48±16 years. The mean VAS scores at 6 hours were 3.6, 3.4, and 4.1 in the three groups, respectively. Whereas, at 24 hours and 48 hours, the scores were 3.5, 3.4, 3.4, and 2, 1.6, and 1.9, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the VAS scores. A total of 12 (66.67%) patients in group A, 18 (81.81%) in group B, and 16 (94.12%) in group C required additional analgesics but the difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, 5 (27.78%) patients in group A, 6 (27.27%) in group B, and 4 (23.53%) in group C suffered from adverse effects, but there was no statistically significant difference amongst them. Conclusion: Intravenous diclofenac bolus, i.v. paracetamol infusion, and i.v. tramadol are equally efficacious and safe, when used as postoperative analgesics in cases of inguinal hernia undergoing Lichtenstein repair. But studies with larger sample size are required to draw any definite conclusion.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135446863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Variations of Distal End of Femur: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Jatin B Goda, Shailesh M. Patel, A. Parmar","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/50334.2762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/50334.2762","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Apart from intercondylar notch and trochlear groove, the intercondylar line also contributes to knee joint instability. Knowledge of morphological variations of these anatomical landmarks can help in diagnosis as well as planning the treatment. As of now, very limited data is available on morphological variations of trochlear groove and intercondylar line. Aim: To find out normal morphological patterns of shapes of intercondylar notch, depth of trochlear groove and intercondylar line and also to finding out the prevalence of different patterns. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 68 dried human femurs were examined grossly for five months (December 2020 to April 2021) by naked eye from the collection of Anatomy Department, Dr. ND Desai Faculty of Medical Science and Research Gujarat, India, for the shape of intercondylar notch, depth of trochlear groove and intercondylar line. All morphological patterns were tabulated and prevalence of each was calculated using excel worksheet. Results: Morphological patterns noted in shapes of intercondylar notch were A-shaped (35.29%), inverted V-shaped (5.88%), M-shaped (2.94%) and inverted U-shaped (55.88%) with highest prevalence of inverted U shape. Three forms of trochlear groove noted were as follows: shallow (29.41%), intermediate (58.82%) and deep (11.76%) with highest prevalence being intermediate type. Intercondylar line was found in straight (36.76%), oblique (50%) and convex (13.23%) forms with highest prevalence of oblique form. Conclusion: The results of the study show that there are considerable variations in the morphology of distal end of femur. Knowledge of these morphological variations may help in making knee prosthesis, diagnosis of osteoarthritis and cruciate ligament surgeries.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71261166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Outcomes of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome among the Indian Rural Population Scheduled for Small Incision Cataract Surgery: A Prospective Interventional Study","authors":"Rutviben Ravjibhai Sadatia, N. Ahuja, V. Bhavisha, Raghunathan Iodine, K. Abraham","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/51478.2752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/51478.2752","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome is an age related systemic disorder with primary ocular manifestations characterised by PXF deposits and changes in tissues of anterior segment which make cataract operations potentially challenging. Aim: To analyse surgical outcomes of Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) on eyes with PXF, compared with eyes without PXF. Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted between August 2015 to June 2016 on each eye of 100 patients who attended free eye camps in rural areas of Western India and underwent cataract surgery-SICS. Two groups were formed: (a) Both males and females of age 50 years or more who had cataract with non glaucomatous PXF (n=50); (b) Both males and females with age 50 years or more who had cataract without PXF (n=50). Detailed history and slit lamp examinations were done. All the patients were operated upon by the same surgeon. Surgical outcomes assessed were incidence of intraoperative complications, postoperative complications and visual outcomes. Intraoperative difficulties experienced by surgeon, like inadequate pupillary dilatation, phacodonesis, zonular dialysis, posterior capsular rupture, vitreous loss etc., were reported. Postoperative findings of visual acuity, Intraocular Pressure (IOP) and slit lamp evaluation {corneal oedema, anterior chamber inflammation, retained lens matter, hyphema, Intraocular Lens (IOL) centration} on day one and one month were analysed. Comparative analysis of surgical outcomes was done between the two groups by using the Mann Whiteney U test and Fischer’s exact test. Results: Most frequent encountered complication was inadequate pupillary dilatation in PXF group. There was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative complications (zonular dialysis) between the two groups (p=0.4949). Postoperatively, corneal oedema and raised IOP were more in PXF group on postoperative day one compared to group without PXF (p=0.0167, p=0.0226). In both groups, there were no corneal oedema and raised IOP postoperatively at one month follow-up. Both groups had improved visual acuity with no statistical difference at one month follow-up (p=0.5892). Conclusion: Eyes with PXF undergoing SICS are not associated with a higher rate of surgical complications in our study, however, it requires proper preoperative assessment and intraoperative care to ensure optimal surgical outcomes. In PXF syndrome, more time is required to attain maximal visual acuity in comparison with non PXF patients","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71261197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydranencephaly in a Child with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection- A Clinicoradiological Perspective","authors":"L. Meena, Miranda Devi Keisham, P. Kundu, Rahul Dev","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/52560.2782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/52560.2782","url":null,"abstract":"Hydranencephaly (HE) is a rare congenital anomaly in which there is a complete or near complete absence of bilateral cerebral hemispheres which are replaced by a membranous sac filled with Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF). Thalami, brainstem, and cerebellar hemisphere are preserved. A small island of cerebral parenchyma may also be seen along the inner aspect of the calvarium. Several theories regarding its aetiopathogenesis have been postulated with the hypothesis of bilateral occlusion of supraclinoid segment of Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) being widely accepted. The authors present a case of a two-month-old male child presenting with increasing head size since birth, associated hydrocephalus and residual parenchymal sleeve visualised on neurosonogram and calcifications depicted on computed tomography. The diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was confirmed serologically and further neurosurgical consultation was advised for increasing head size secondary to hydrocephalus. The HE is usually detected in the second trimester, however can also occur in early or later gestation and has a very poor prognosis.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71261626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic Artery and Portal Vein Variations using Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography Abdominal Angiography","authors":"Pugazhendhi Sambath, Elamparidhi Padmanaban, U. Amirthalingam, Avishek Anand, Pitchumani Sudhakar, Rajasree Dhinadhayalan, R. George, Rekha Danassegarane","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/52502.2798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/52502.2798","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Normal hepatic vascular anatomy and its variants carry considerable importance during liver transplants, laparoscopic surgeries, penetrating abdominal trauma, and radiological abdominal interventions. The occurrence of iatrogenic hepatic vascular injury increases in case of atypical anatomy and variations. Aim: To determine the prevalence of common hepatic artery and portal vein variants by using Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT). Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based retrospective study done in Sri Mankula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India, between July 2019 and July 2020. The Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) abdominal angiography of 350 patients was taken for the study. The MDCT abdominal angiography was performed using 16 slice PHILIPS MX16 CT scanner with intravenous administration of non ionic iodinated contrast, having iodine content of 300 mg/mL at the dosage of 1.5 mL/kg body weight, using automated pressure injector at a rate of 3.5 mL/sec. Arterial phase and portal venous phase images were obtained at 25 and 55 seconds respectively. The hepatic artery anatomical types were classified according to Michel's classification and the portal vein according to Covey AM et al., classification. Data obtained was entered in EPI INFO version 7.2.1.0 and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24.0. Results: Hepatic artery proper (right and left hepatic arteries arising from common hepatic artery) (Type I) was seen in 222 (63.4%) of cases. The most common variant was replaced Left Hepatic Artery (LHA) from the left gastric artery (Type II) with a prevalence of 46 (13.1%). A normal portal vein branching pattern (Type I) was seen in 201 (57.4%) of cases. The most common variation was trifurcation (Type II) with a prevalence of 68 (19.4%). Conclusion: Knowledge about normal hepatic artery, portal vein, and its variants is important in hepatic interventions and CT angiography is the modality of choice for evaluating the vascular anatomy.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71261923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI Evaluation of Invasive Sinonasal Mucormycosis in Post COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Vidyashree Kotian, Manasa Pandith, Sachin Dinesh Kakade","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/53385.2822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/53385.2822","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mucormycosis is also known as phycomycosis or zygomycosis, is caused by a saprophytic fungal infection. During the second wave of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID- 19), secondary complication among clinically severe COVID-19 with or without diabetes was the involvement of the paranasal sinuses, rhino-orbitalocerebral, cutaneous, gastric and lungs by mucormycosis. The disease progresses rapidly within a few hours to days, causing cranial nerve palsies and intracranial spread of the disease. Early imaging is helpful in assessing the extent of the spread of the disease and complications and planning the treatment. Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the distinct MRI findings in invasive sinonasal mucormycosis in post COVID-19 patients and also to describe the various patterns of extension. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on post COVID patients with imaging features of invasive sinonasal mucormycosis in the rural population of Hoskote, Bangalore, who underwent MRI at MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Hoskote, Bangalore, India in a tertiary care center, between May 2021 to July 2021. A total of 20 patients met the inclusion criteria. The various imaging features of invasive sinonasal mucormycosis were evaluated and tabulated, along with a description of its extensions. All the data obtained from the study was compiled with Microsoft Excel (2019 version). Results: The study showed a male predominance with a mean age of 47.5 years. The most commonly involved sinus was the ethmoid sinus, seen in all 20 patients (100%), followed by a combination of the ethmoid and maxillary sinus 10 (50%). MRI showed T2W hyperintense mucosal thickening with hypointense contents within the involved sinuses in all cases, hypointensity along the turbinates and nasal septum and heterogeneous post contrast enhancement. The intraorbital extension was seen in 15 patients (75%), intracranial involvement in 4 patients (20%), bone involvement in 2 cases (10%) and pterygopalatine fossa involvement in 5 patients (25%), face involvement seen in 2 patients (10%). Conclusion: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) aids in a thorough evaluation of intracranial and soft tissue involvement, orbital, skull base invasion, perineural spread and vascular invasion. MRI demonstrates variable signal intensity depending on the sinus contents and variable enhancement patterns with a lack of enhancement due to tissue necrosis, an early finding of mucormycosis. Therefore, radiologists should be aware of the imaging findings and evaluation of the extensions, which can lead to early diagnosis and timely management, reducing the morbidity and mortality rates.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71262341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound and Computed Tomography Features of Non Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension caused due to Non Cirrhotic Portal Fibrosis and Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Sachin Dinesh Kakade, Manasa Pandith, Vidyashree Kotian","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/52818.2810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/52818.2810","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Non Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension (NCPH) encompasses a wide range of disorders that are characterised by increased portal pressure with the absence of cirrhosis of liver. The disorders are classified anatomically based on the site of blood flow obstruction into prehepatic, hepatic and posthepatic causes. These numerous and variable aetiological factors and the lack of standardised diagnostic criteria, makes NCPH under-recognised both clinically and pathologically and often being falsely labelled as cryptogenic cirrhosis. Therefore, it is important for radiologists to be aware of the imaging features that constitute NCPH for its early recognition, so that appropriate management can be carried out. Aim: To assess the distinct ultrasound and Computed Tomography (CT) features of the two main causes of NCPH: Non Cirrhotic Portal Fibrosis (NCPF) and Extrahepatic Portal Venous Obstruction (EHPVO). Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study included all radiologically diagnosed cases of NCPH who underwent ultrasound and CT examination at the Institution between June 2020-June 2021. A total of 10 patients met the inclusion criteria. The various imaging features of NCPF and EHPVO were analysed and tabulated. Results: The study showed male predominance with males and females being seven and three, respectively. The mean age of the patients in the study was 35.1 years. The common cause in both NCPF and EHPVO was idiopathic. The most characteristic imaging finding in EHPVO was cavernous transformation of the portal vein seen in all cases and that in NCPF being dilatation of the spleno-portal axis and mural thickening of the main portal vein seen in all the cases. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the characteristic imaging features of NCPF and EHPVO which are leading cause of NCPH, facilitating radiologist to identify the conditions and not label cases with Portal Hypertension (PHT) as cryptogenic cirrhosis.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71262496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cycloserine Induced Neurotoxicity: A Rare Case Report","authors":"S. Gosavi, Pranjali Prakash Patil","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/53762.2832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/53762.2832","url":null,"abstract":"Cycloserine is one of the many drugs used in treatment of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Neuropsychiatric complaints are common after cycloserine administration. Reports of neuroimaging in cycloserine neurotoxicity are rare. Authors hereby reports a case of 17-year-old female, who presented with hallucination and delirium since 2 weeks. She was a known case of pulmonary MDR-TB and was on Anti-Koch’s Treatment category IV (AKT) for the same since last 12 months. On clinical examination, the patient was conscious and co-operative but disoriented. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed, symmetric hyperintensities on T2 weighted images in bilateral dentate nuclei with restriction of diffusion, on diffusion weighted images. In addition, two well- defined T2 hypointense ring enhancing lesions were seen in right parietal and occipital regions. Patient’s symptoms improved on stoppage of cycloserine. On follow-up MRI, 4 weeks after withdrawing the durg, there was complete reversal of MRI findings.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71262588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of First Year Medical Students Regarding Anatomy Classes by YouTube Recorded Sessions versus Live Online Classes during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"M. Sarma, Annie Doley, Malamoni Dutta","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/55428.2851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/55428.2851","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a challenging situation for the education system worldwide, as it has restricted student movement as a preventive measure. The teaching methodology impacted the medical education system globally, compelling the teacher to find out the effective online methods of teaching. Aim: To know the level of satisfaction of first year medical students of Anatomy classes by YouTube recorded vs live online classes. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based online survey (Google form) completed by 163 numbers of students of phase 1, attending the Department of Anatomy, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam. This study was carried out by using a specially designed questionnaire consisting of points, which was related to the present curriculum in Anatomy, as well as the teaching methodology adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic in the institute. Then, levels of satisfaction perceived by the students on uploaded pre-recorded classes on YouTube versus live classes on Zoom or Google meet were assessed in another questionnaire on a three-point scale: excellent, satisfactory, and neutral response. A Chi-square test for proportions was used to find out the statistical significance. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Uploaded pre-recorded classes on YouTube was found excellent by 61.3% of students whereas classes on Zoom/Google meet were reported to be excellent by 17.8% of students (p-value=0.0001). On the other hand, 66.3% of students found the live classes on Zoom/Google meet “satisfactory” against 36.8% of students who were satisfied with uploaded pre-recorded classes on YouTube (p-value=0.0001). However, overall 160 (98.16%) students preferred uploaded pre-recorded classes on YouTube (reported to be excellent or satisfactory), whereas 137(84.05%) preferred live classes on Zoom/Google meet (p-value<0.05; 95%CI of differences: 8.19%-20.62%). Conclusion: From perceptions received from students, it was understood that majority of the students were satisfied with pre-recorded uploaded classes onYouTube.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71262881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Variations of Jugular Foramen in Dry Skulls of Central Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Venkatesh G Kamath, Md Tatabrej Alam, C. Usha, Sankul Kumar","doi":"10.7860/ijars/2022/55751.2816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijars/2022/55751.2816","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The jugular foramen is in close proximity with ninth, tenth and eleventh cranial nerves and the middle ear, it is the most common area for brain tumours like neurinomas and glomus tumours. A study of the morphological variations of the foramen would therefore be of immense help to Neurosurgeons and Otorhinolaryngologist. Aim: To analyse the morphometric dimensions of jugular foramen and subsequent neurosurgical implications. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study accessed the anteroposterior diameter, mediolateral diameter and area of jugular foramen, width and depth of jugular fossa was studied in 50 dry adult skulls of central Indian population in Department of Anatomy, Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences, Dewas, Madhya Pradesh, India, between February 2021 to June 2021.The presence of septations and dome was noted. The above data was recorded and analysed using Statistical Package For The Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA) and two tailed student’s t-test (p<0.05). Results: The mean anteroposterior dimension of jugular foramen was 12.86±2.67 mm on the right and 10.57±2.32 mm on the left. The mean mediolateral dimension of jugular foramen was 14.92±2.46 mm on the right and 13.62 ±1.96 mm on the left. The mean area of jugular foramen was 175.45±48.23 mm2 on the right and 140.53±42.23 mm2 on the left. The mean width of the jugular fossa was 7.74±2.45 mm on the right and 6.26±2.89 mm on the left. The mean depth of jugular fossa was 12.64±4.87 mm on the right and 11.88±4.32 mm on the left significant difference was noted between right and left side dimensions for anteroposterior diameter, mediolateral diameter and area of foramen, width and depth of fossa. Incomplete septations were observed in 62% foramen on right and 56% in left. A dome was observed in 68% foramen on right and in 32% foramen on left. Conclusion: There was significant difference in the anteroposterior and mediolateral dimensions and area of the jugular foramen bilaterally and the right dimensions are more than the left. Further the width of jugular fossa showed significant difference bilaterally. On statistical analysis, no significant difference was observed between the depth of both right and left jugular fossa.","PeriodicalId":56235,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71263392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}