Abstract Human rights can be seen as a means to improve people's lived realities. Yet the language and practice of human rights are not always moored in these realities. What happens to the meaning of human rights when these are expressed in (partly non‐verbal) ways that are deeply rooted in lived—embodied, material, and cultural—realities, and how does that practice transform ideas about rights? In this article, we describe how women from Syrian refugee communities living in the Shatila refugee camp in Beirut use the skilled practice of embroidery to express and negotiate what they consider to be their rights and what they are entitled to. In doing so, they foreground a deeply indivisible, multi‐layered, and multi‐perspectival understanding of justice and more specifically of how they understand their rights. These perspectives, we argue, are intrinsically rooted in the embodied, material, and cultural practice through which they emerge, and offer avenues for enriching human rights debates.
{"title":"Stitching a rights narrative: How Syrian women in Shatila use embroidery to express ideas about social justice","authors":"Sofie Verclyte, Tine Destrooper","doi":"10.1111/plar.12544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12544","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Human rights can be seen as a means to improve people's lived realities. Yet the language and practice of human rights are not always moored in these realities. What happens to the meaning of human rights when these are expressed in (partly non‐verbal) ways that are deeply rooted in lived—embodied, material, and cultural—realities, and how does that practice transform ideas about rights? In this article, we describe how women from Syrian refugee communities living in the Shatila refugee camp in Beirut use the skilled practice of embroidery to express and negotiate what they consider to be their rights and what they are entitled to. In doing so, they foreground a deeply indivisible, multi‐layered, and multi‐perspectival understanding of justice and more specifically of how they understand their rights. These perspectives, we argue, are intrinsically rooted in the embodied, material, and cultural practice through which they emerge, and offer avenues for enriching human rights debates.","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135758520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article opens a discussion about how temporalities in spatial and legal spheres are interlinked and shape both policymaking and governance mechanisms and resistance practices. Taking a case study from Eskişehir, Turkey, the research examines several urban renewal attempts of a municipality on the same urban lands over two decades that used different laws and policy tools in each case while all of which were annulled by court suits. From a perspective of legal anthropology, the analysis shows the limits of lawfare discussions that remain incapable of explaining cases that cannot be categorized with domination and resistance. Instead of focusing on detecting who wins or loses, the article claims that such complex cases could be understood better by scrutinizing temporal dynamics: how do legal, spatial, and social temporalities intertwine and impact policymaking? More specifically, how does the law's temporality (re)shape urbanization? Even further, what political work do temporalities generate? The article offers Russian‐doll urbanization as an analogy and ethnographic metaphor to examine several layers and endlessness of renewal initiatives within the broader process of urbanization. Studying the revelation of each layer unravels entangled temporalities of law and socio‐spatial dynamics and their consequences in policymaking and resistance.
{"title":"Beyond lawfare: An analysis of law's temporality through Russian‐doll urbanization from Turkey","authors":"Cansu Civelek","doi":"10.1111/plar.12543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12543","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article opens a discussion about how temporalities in spatial and legal spheres are interlinked and shape both policymaking and governance mechanisms and resistance practices. Taking a case study from Eskişehir, Turkey, the research examines several urban renewal attempts of a municipality on the same urban lands over two decades that used different laws and policy tools in each case while all of which were annulled by court suits. From a perspective of legal anthropology, the analysis shows the limits of lawfare discussions that remain incapable of explaining cases that cannot be categorized with domination and resistance. Instead of focusing on detecting who wins or loses, the article claims that such complex cases could be understood better by scrutinizing temporal dynamics: how do legal, spatial, and social temporalities intertwine and impact policymaking? More specifically, how does the law's temporality (re)shape urbanization? Even further, what political work do temporalities generate? The article offers Russian‐doll urbanization as an analogy and ethnographic metaphor to examine several layers and endlessness of renewal initiatives within the broader process of urbanization. Studying the revelation of each layer unravels entangled temporalities of law and socio‐spatial dynamics and their consequences in policymaking and resistance.","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A 2016 fire at a landfill near the western city of L'viv instigated a political crisis around the issue of waste management in Ukraine. The ensuing debates among the L'viv city government, the national government, and local stakeholders show how waste management becomes a mechanism through which to interrogate questions of state‐citizen relations and what it means to be part of Europe. This article argues that processes of Europeanization rely on the arbitrary application of standards and result in a hierarchy in which countries such as Ukraine are considered not‐yet‐fully European. However, this does not prevent pro‐European Ukrainians, who ground their vision of Ukraine's European future in the 2013–2014 Euromaidan protests, from advocating for Ukraine to adopt European standards. This article homes in on the shifting relationship between citizens and state representatives and the development of ecological consciousness as key points by which interlocutors measured Ukraine's path toward Europe, showing how the crisis around waste management in L'viv allows for the contestation of Europeanness itself. While not all Ukrainians have adopted these ideas about European Ukraine, in the context of Russia's devastating invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Ukrainians have become increasingly united around the idea of a European future.
{"title":"From garbage wars to green city: Defining Ukraine's European identity","authors":"Emily Channell‐Justice","doi":"10.1111/plar.12537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A 2016 fire at a landfill near the western city of L'viv instigated a political crisis around the issue of waste management in Ukraine. The ensuing debates among the L'viv city government, the national government, and local stakeholders show how waste management becomes a mechanism through which to interrogate questions of state‐citizen relations and what it means to be part of Europe. This article argues that processes of Europeanization rely on the arbitrary application of standards and result in a hierarchy in which countries such as Ukraine are considered not‐yet‐fully European. However, this does not prevent pro‐European Ukrainians, who ground their vision of Ukraine's European future in the 2013–2014 Euromaidan protests, from advocating for Ukraine to adopt European standards. This article homes in on the shifting relationship between citizens and state representatives and the development of ecological consciousness as key points by which interlocutors measured Ukraine's path toward Europe, showing how the crisis around waste management in L'viv allows for the contestation of Europeanness itself. While not all Ukrainians have adopted these ideas about European Ukraine, in the context of Russia's devastating invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Ukrainians have become increasingly united around the idea of a European future.","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper introduces the term zones of compounded informality to demarcate locations wherein regulatory exclusions in distinct domains interact to escalate the impact of exclusions for people who live and work in these areas. Based upon a study of India's Delhi, National Capital Region (Delhi‐NCR), I explain how the interaction of flexible planning and employment in particular locales produce zones of compounded informality as a technique of governance. Circular migrant workers in Delhi‐NCR overwhelmingly live and work in these zones, wherein unstable employment and housing contribute to nomadic migration. Legal exclusion from housing protections interacts with other procedural pathways, creating barriers to accessing social protection and citizenship rights. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, including participant observation, interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and a survey of 981 workers, I consider how zones of compounded informality in Delhi‐NCR interact with India's Aadhar biometric identification system to variegate access to the franchise and Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS) for migrant and other low‐wage workers.
{"title":"Zones of compounded informality: Migrants in the megacity","authors":"Shikha Silliman Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1111/plar.12534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12534","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the term zones of compounded informality to demarcate locations wherein regulatory exclusions in distinct domains interact to escalate the impact of exclusions for people who live and work in these areas. Based upon a study of India's Delhi, National Capital Region (Delhi‐NCR), I explain how the interaction of flexible planning and employment in particular locales produce zones of compounded informality as a technique of governance. Circular migrant workers in Delhi‐NCR overwhelmingly live and work in these zones, wherein unstable employment and housing contribute to nomadic migration. Legal exclusion from housing protections interacts with other procedural pathways, creating barriers to accessing social protection and citizenship rights. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, including participant observation, interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and a survey of 981 workers, I consider how zones of compounded informality in Delhi‐NCR interact with India's Aadhar biometric identification system to variegate access to the franchise and Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS) for migrant and other low‐wage workers.","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136336778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christin Achermann, Lisa Marie Borrelli, Luca Pfirter
Abstract Focusing on the intersections between bureaucracies of welfare and migration control, this article interrogates how decisions about the future stay of non‐citizens receiving social assistance are made in a relational interplay of different offices and actors in Switzerland. We investigate how relational decision‐making is fundamental in crafting legitimate decisions about the exclusion of “poor others.” Based on ethnographic fieldwork with diverse actors involved in migration control enforcement and welfare policy implementation, this article contributes to understanding how legal regulations turn into social reality. We show that a multitude of actors, including social services, inform and affect migration control‐related decisions. This relationality co‐produces the outcome and legitimacy of the final decision taken by the respective migration office. In turn, the actors’ fields of action, values, and procedures are themselves affected by this relational involvement. The relational character of decision‐making therefore involves an expansion of migration control into other bureaucratic and social fields that co‐construct legitimate decisions concerning the deportation of “poor others” and create the illusion of a “coherent state,” invisibilizing structural inequalities.
{"title":"“For just decisions we need you!”: Relational decision‐making and the bureaucratic exclusion of “poor others”","authors":"Christin Achermann, Lisa Marie Borrelli, Luca Pfirter","doi":"10.1111/plar.12542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12542","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Focusing on the intersections between bureaucracies of welfare and migration control, this article interrogates how decisions about the future stay of non‐citizens receiving social assistance are made in a relational interplay of different offices and actors in Switzerland. We investigate how relational decision‐making is fundamental in crafting legitimate decisions about the exclusion of “poor others.” Based on ethnographic fieldwork with diverse actors involved in migration control enforcement and welfare policy implementation, this article contributes to understanding how legal regulations turn into social reality. We show that a multitude of actors, including social services, inform and affect migration control‐related decisions. This relationality co‐produces the outcome and legitimacy of the final decision taken by the respective migration office. In turn, the actors’ fields of action, values, and procedures are themselves affected by this relational involvement. The relational character of decision‐making therefore involves an expansion of migration control into other bureaucratic and social fields that co‐construct legitimate decisions concerning the deportation of “poor others” and create the illusion of a “coherent state,” invisibilizing structural inequalities.","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It was late September last year. I was a few weeks into a graduate seminar that had quickly turned into one of my favorites. Anthropology of the Otherwise taught by Dr Naisargi Dave at the University of Toronto over the Fall of 2022. Drawing on the concept of “otherwise worlds” by Elizabeth Povinelli (2012), the seminar explored what is not there yet, and what might be1, the world as it is and it is becoming, and what political and ethical alternatives exist in worlds that are determined to deplete and exhaust. Some thinkers, some teachers, some books, and some classmates make it possible to truly inhabit and practice the creative pulse of thought; they take us to places we did not know exist—they create places. The otherwise seminar was one of those experiences, taking me to a different place each week. But in some ways, also the same—from another route, another angle, another field of view and possibility, all in wonderful company. Dionne Brand's A Map to the Door of No Return one week. Political manifestos, another. Freud and psychoanalysis in the middle. Around the same time, another kind of world-making was underway in my life. A loved one who had been a cherished presence for many years and lived in another continent (let's call him Sunflower—or just S, oh the fear of not being taken seriously!) was starting to act in ways that I could not comprehend. I had known and loved S for many years. More importantly, I liked him very much. But I had begun to find it straining to like him. I would find out 3 months later that these were the beginnings of what would be diagnosed as S's “first manic episode”. I would make an emergency visit to India and make possible his “forced sedation” and hospitalization at a psychiatric facility. In what follows, I write about the coming in contact of these two moments—the otherwise classroom and S's diagnosis, and how this serendipitous contact aided what can sometimes appear to be the most difficult thing to do—just getting by, possibly as an otherwise practice and an ethic of alongside-ness. Here, I think about that (ongoing) moment and some questions it raises about ethical and political ways of “becoming” in the world alongside one another. In doing so, I think about what it means to take care of each another and what is there to do, if anything at all, when we are exhausted—by diagnosis, by caregiving, by the limits that an oppressive world forces upon us, and, perhaps by the limits of politics and ethics themselves? Can an otherwise world emerge amid such exhaustion and what might it look like? For better or for worse, I have often seen the world through my classroom notes (what a privilege to have inhabited classrooms that make that possible!). In the face of a diagnosis that felt totalizing and all-engulfing, the body (re)turned, almost intuitively, to the otherwise classroom experience where, as if, presciently enough, the question at stake was: How to register context and history without letting them in
{"title":"An otherwise classroom and a diagnosis, or, the preciousness of a pause","authors":"Ridhima Sharma","doi":"10.1111/plar.12538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12538","url":null,"abstract":"It was late September last year. I was a few weeks into a graduate seminar that had quickly turned into one of my favorites. Anthropology of the Otherwise taught by Dr Naisargi Dave at the University of Toronto over the Fall of 2022. Drawing on the concept of “otherwise worlds” by Elizabeth Povinelli (2012), the seminar explored what is not there yet, and what might be1, the world as it is and it is becoming, and what political and ethical alternatives exist in worlds that are determined to deplete and exhaust. Some thinkers, some teachers, some books, and some classmates make it possible to truly inhabit and practice the creative pulse of thought; they take us to places we did not know exist—they create places. The otherwise seminar was one of those experiences, taking me to a different place each week. But in some ways, also the same—from another route, another angle, another field of view and possibility, all in wonderful company. Dionne Brand's A Map to the Door of No Return one week. Political manifestos, another. Freud and psychoanalysis in the middle. Around the same time, another kind of world-making was underway in my life. A loved one who had been a cherished presence for many years and lived in another continent (let's call him Sunflower—or just S, oh the fear of not being taken seriously!) was starting to act in ways that I could not comprehend. I had known and loved S for many years. More importantly, I liked him very much. But I had begun to find it straining to like him. I would find out 3 months later that these were the beginnings of what would be diagnosed as S's “first manic episode”. I would make an emergency visit to India and make possible his “forced sedation” and hospitalization at a psychiatric facility. In what follows, I write about the coming in contact of these two moments—the otherwise classroom and S's diagnosis, and how this serendipitous contact aided what can sometimes appear to be the most difficult thing to do—just getting by, possibly as an otherwise practice and an ethic of alongside-ness. Here, I think about that (ongoing) moment and some questions it raises about ethical and political ways of “becoming” in the world alongside one another. In doing so, I think about what it means to take care of each another and what is there to do, if anything at all, when we are exhausted—by diagnosis, by caregiving, by the limits that an oppressive world forces upon us, and, perhaps by the limits of politics and ethics themselves? Can an otherwise world emerge amid such exhaustion and what might it look like? For better or for worse, I have often seen the world through my classroom notes (what a privilege to have inhabited classrooms that make that possible!). In the face of a diagnosis that felt totalizing and all-engulfing, the body (re)turned, almost intuitively, to the otherwise classroom experience where, as if, presciently enough, the question at stake was: How to register context and history without letting them in","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135199014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology ReviewEarly View COMMENTARY Indeterminative critique: Epistemic certitude and the temporality of crisis Malay Firoz, Corresponding Author Malay Firoz [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-1946 School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA Correspondence Malay Firoz, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Malay Firoz, Corresponding Author Malay Firoz [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-1946 School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA Correspondence Malay Firoz, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 28 September 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12541Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES Abrams, Philip. 1988. “Notes on the Difficulty of Studying the State.” Journal of Historical Sociology 1(1): 58–89. Arendt, Hannah. 1976. The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company. Azoulay, Ariella. 2013. “Potential History: Thinking through Violence.” Critical Inquiry 39(3): 548–574. Azoulay, Ariella. 2019. Potential History: Unlearning Imperialism. New York: Verso. Benjamin, Walter. 1996. “ Critique of Violence.” In Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings, Volume 1(1913–1926), 236–252. Cambridge: Belknap Press. Boland, Tom. 2013. “Towards an Anthropology of Critique: The Modern Experience of Liminality and Crisis.” Anthropological Theory 13(3): 222–239. Cabot, Heath. 2016. “‘Refugee Voices’: Tragedy, Ghosts, and the Anthropology of Not Knowing.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 45(6): 645-672. Chandler, David. 2012. “Resilience and Human Security: The Post-Interventionist Paradigm.” Security Dialogue 43(3): 213–229. Chandler, David, and Julian Reid. 2016. The Neoliberal Subject: Resilience, Adaptation and Vulnerability. New York: Rowman & Littlefield International. Corry, Olaf. 2014. “From Defense to Resilience: Environmental Security beyond Neo-Liberalism.” International Political Sociology 8(3): 256–274. Crisp, Jeff. 2001. Mind the Gap!: UNHCR, Humanitarian Assistance and the Development Process. New Issues in Refugee Research. Working Paper No. 43. Geneva: UNHCR. Duffield, Mark. 2013
{"title":"Indeterminative critique: Epistemic certitude and the temporality of crisis","authors":"Malay Firoz","doi":"10.1111/plar.12541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12541","url":null,"abstract":"PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology ReviewEarly View COMMENTARY Indeterminative critique: Epistemic certitude and the temporality of crisis Malay Firoz, Corresponding Author Malay Firoz [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-1946 School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA Correspondence Malay Firoz, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Malay Firoz, Corresponding Author Malay Firoz [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-1946 School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA Correspondence Malay Firoz, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona, USA. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 28 September 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12541Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES Abrams, Philip. 1988. “Notes on the Difficulty of Studying the State.” Journal of Historical Sociology 1(1): 58–89. Arendt, Hannah. 1976. The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company. Azoulay, Ariella. 2013. “Potential History: Thinking through Violence.” Critical Inquiry 39(3): 548–574. Azoulay, Ariella. 2019. Potential History: Unlearning Imperialism. New York: Verso. Benjamin, Walter. 1996. “ Critique of Violence.” In Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings, Volume 1(1913–1926), 236–252. Cambridge: Belknap Press. Boland, Tom. 2013. “Towards an Anthropology of Critique: The Modern Experience of Liminality and Crisis.” Anthropological Theory 13(3): 222–239. Cabot, Heath. 2016. “‘Refugee Voices’: Tragedy, Ghosts, and the Anthropology of Not Knowing.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 45(6): 645-672. Chandler, David. 2012. “Resilience and Human Security: The Post-Interventionist Paradigm.” Security Dialogue 43(3): 213–229. Chandler, David, and Julian Reid. 2016. The Neoliberal Subject: Resilience, Adaptation and Vulnerability. New York: Rowman & Littlefield International. Corry, Olaf. 2014. “From Defense to Resilience: Environmental Security beyond Neo-Liberalism.” International Political Sociology 8(3): 256–274. Crisp, Jeff. 2001. Mind the Gap!: UNHCR, Humanitarian Assistance and the Development Process. New Issues in Refugee Research. Working Paper No. 43. Geneva: UNHCR. Duffield, Mark. 2013","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper examines legal efforts to criminalize same‐sex sexualities between consenting adults by conservative Muslim movements in Indonesia, epitomized by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia's 2016 Judicial Review on the Indonesian Penal Code, continuous resistance to the Sexual Violence Law, and the current Indonesian Penal Code. Based on my ethnography of the Judicial Review's court transcript and other legal archives, I argue that the conservative Muslim movements’ legal effort to criminalize sexuality in Indonesia is an exercise of Islamic political theology revolving around a certain ontology of personhood concerning the relationships between “the human” and God, the state, and the nation. This ontology is apparent in their assertion about the intrinsic difference between sexual violence (“kekerasan seksual”) vs. sexual crime (“kejahatan seksual”). This paper aims to: (1) demonstrate that anthropological inquiries of ontologies can further develop the conceptual framework of political theology, especially in elucidating how ontological imposition of “the human” and its personhood plays a pivotal part in conservative movements’ repertoires in criminalizing sexuality; and (2) make use of Southeast Asian studies’ scholarships and cases to speak back to the broader discussion on the fissures in/of secular imaginaries and secularization processes.
{"title":"An ontological struggle: Islamic political theology and the criminalization of same‐sex sexuality in Indonesia","authors":"Febi R. Ramadhan","doi":"10.1111/plar.12536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12536","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines legal efforts to criminalize same‐sex sexualities between consenting adults by conservative Muslim movements in Indonesia, epitomized by the Constitutional Court of Indonesia's 2016 Judicial Review on the Indonesian Penal Code, continuous resistance to the Sexual Violence Law, and the current Indonesian Penal Code. Based on my ethnography of the Judicial Review's court transcript and other legal archives, I argue that the conservative Muslim movements’ legal effort to criminalize sexuality in Indonesia is an exercise of Islamic political theology revolving around a certain ontology of personhood concerning the relationships between “the human” and God, the state, and the nation. This ontology is apparent in their assertion about the intrinsic difference between sexual violence (“kekerasan seksual”) vs. sexual crime (“kejahatan seksual”). This paper aims to: (1) demonstrate that anthropological inquiries of ontologies can further develop the conceptual framework of political theology, especially in elucidating how ontological imposition of “the human” and its personhood plays a pivotal part in conservative movements’ repertoires in criminalizing sexuality; and (2) make use of Southeast Asian studies’ scholarships and cases to speak back to the broader discussion on the fissures in/of secular imaginaries and secularization processes.","PeriodicalId":56256,"journal":{"name":"Polar-Political and Legal Anthropology Review","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology ReviewEarly View COMMENTARY Reflecting on/for better worlds Amy J. Cohen, Amy J. Cohen Beasley School of Law, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USASearch for more papers by this authorIlana Gershon, Corresponding Author Ilana Gershon [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-0694 Department of Anthropology, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA Correspondence Ilana Gershon, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA. Email: [email protected].Search for more papers by this author Amy J. Cohen, Amy J. Cohen Beasley School of Law, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USASearch for more papers by this authorIlana Gershon, Corresponding Author Ilana Gershon [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-0694 Department of Anthropology, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA Correspondence Ilana Gershon, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA. Email: [email protected].Search for more papers by this author First published: 28 September 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12539Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat REFERENCES Afshary, Mohammad. 2018. “ Prefiguring the Revolution: The Politics of Law and Lawyering in Egypt.” PhD diss., Kent Law School, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK. Ashar, Sameer M. 2023a. “Pedagogy of Prefiguration.” Yale Law Journal Forum 132. Ashar, Sameer M.. 2023b. “ Toward Prefigurative Lawyering.” LPE Blog, July 3, 2023, https://lpeproject.org/blog/toward-prefigurative-lawyering/ Beltrán, Héctor. 2023. Coding Work: Hacking across the US/México Techno-Borderlands. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Cohen, Amy J. and Bronwen Morgan. 2023. “Prefigurative Legality.” Law and Social Inquiry 48(3): 1053–1082. Cooper, Davina. 2023a. “Crafting Prefigurative Law in Turbulent Times: Decertifcation, DIY Law Reform, and the Dilemmas of Feminist Prototyping.” Feminist Legal Studies 31: 17–42 Cooper, Davina. 2023b. “ Prefigurative Law Reform: Creating a New Research Methodology for Radical Change.” Criticalegalthinking.com. March 3, 2023. Coutin, Susan and Barbara Yngvesson. 2023. Documenting Impossible Realities: Ethnography, Memory, and the As If. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Marisol De La Cadena and Mario Blaser, eds. 2018. A World of Many Worlds. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. Gershon, Ilana. 2005. “Seeing like a System: Luhmann for Anthropologists.” Anthropological Theory 5(2), 99–116. Gershon, Ilana. 2006. “Reflexivity in Others’ Contexts” Ethnos 71(4). Gershon, Ilana. 2019. “Porou
PoLAR:政治与法律人类学评论早期观点评论反思/为了更美好的世界艾米·j·科恩，艾米·j·科恩·比斯利法学院，美国宾夕法尼亚州费城坦普尔大学搜索本文作者的更多论文，通讯作者伊拉娜·格尔森[email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-0694美国德克萨斯州休斯顿莱斯大学人类学系通讯伊拉娜·格尔森，美国德克萨斯州休斯顿莱斯大学邮箱:[Email protected]。搜索本作者的更多论文，艾米J.科恩，艾米J.科恩比斯利法学院，费城，宾夕法尼亚州，美国搜索本作者的更多论文，通讯作者Ilana Gershon [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-0447-0694美国德克萨斯州休斯敦莱斯大学人类学系通信Ilana Gershon，休斯敦，德克萨斯州，美国。邮箱:[Email protected]。搜索该作者的更多论文首次发表:2023年9月28日https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12539Read全文taboutpdf ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare给予accessShare全文accessShare全文accessShare全文accessShare请查看我们的使用条款和条件，并勾选下面的复选框共享文章的全文版本。我已经阅读并接受了Wiley在线图书馆使用共享链接的条款和条件，请使用下面的链接与您的朋友和同事分享本文的全文版本。学习更多的知识。复制链接共享链接共享一个emailfacebooktwitterlinkedinreddit微信参考资料Afshary, Mohammad. 2018。《预示革命:埃及的法律政治与律师事务》博士羞辱。肯特大学肯特法学院，坎特伯雷，肯特，英国萨米尔·m·阿沙尔，2023a。“预言教学法”。耶鲁法律杂志论坛132。Ashar, Sameer M…2023 b。"走向先知律师"LPE博客，2023年7月3日，https://lpeproject.org/blog/toward-prefigurative-lawyering/ Beltrán, hcv。2023. 编码工作:在美国/墨西哥/ Techno-Borderlands进行黑客攻击。普林斯顿:普林斯顿大学出版社。科恩，艾米J.和布朗文摩根。2023。“预示的合法性。”法律与社会研究48(3):1053-1082。达维娜·库珀，2023a。“在动荡时期制作预示性法律:取消认证，DIY法律改革，以及女权主义原型的困境。”刘建军。女性法律研究(3):17-42。“预示性法律改革:为激进变革创造一种新的研究方法”。Criticalegalthinking.com。2023年3月3日。库廷，苏珊和芭芭拉·英格森，2023。记录不可能的现实:民族志、记忆和仿佛。纽约州伊萨卡:康奈尔大学出版社。Marisol De La Cadena和Mario Blaser编。2018. 多世界的世界。达勒姆，北卡罗来纳州:杜克大学出版社。格尔森，Ilana, 2005。"像系统一样看:人类学家的鲁曼"人类学理论5(2)，99-116。伊格森，伊拉娜。2006。“他人语境中的反身性”，《民族》71(4)。2019年，伊利诺伊州格尔森。“漏洞百出的社会秩序。”美国民族学家46(4):404-416。吉布森格雷厄姆，J. K. 2002。“超越全球与地方:二元框架之外的经济政治”《权力的地理:位置尺度》，安德鲁·希律和梅丽莎·w·赖特主编，第25-60页。牛津:布莱克威尔出版社。大卫·格雷伯，2009。《直接行动:民族志》奥克兰，加州:AK出版社。莉莉·伊兰尼，2015。“黑客马拉松与企业公民的塑造”，《科学技术与人文价值》40(5):799-824。兰迪·欧文，2019。衍生国家:非自治领土上的产权和索赔。新社会研究学院博士。兰迪·欧文，2020。“西撒哈拉采掘经济形成与瓦解中的争议语言”。《伦敦国际法评论》8(2):317-348。兰迪·欧文，2022。“合法性和主权的地形:裁定西撒哈拉磷酸盐在南非的所有权。”地理学报，27(6):1137-1159。刘易斯，杰森。2016。“为闹鬼做准备:对土著未来想象的笔记”《数字时代的参与条件》，达林·巴尼、加布里埃拉·科尔曼、克里斯汀·罗斯、乔纳森·斯特恩和塔玛尔·坦贝克主编。明尼阿波利斯，明尼苏达州:明尼苏达大学出版社229-249。Vanessa Machado de Oliveira, 2021。临终关怀的现代性:面对人性的错误及其对社会行动主义的启示。伯克利，加州:北大西洋出版社。戴娜·n·斯科特:《指环中的火:关键矿产边界上的定居者法律和土著管辖权》(手稿正在进行中;杜克大学出版社征求)。Bonnie Urciouli, 2022。文理学院生活中的新自由主义多样性。牛津大学:《在问题包含之前的早期视图在线版本的记录参考信息
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PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology ReviewEarly View COMMENTARY Landscapes of otherwise: Anthropological critique in want of “better” worlds Caroline M. Parker, Corresponding Author Caroline M. Parker [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-2494 Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, UK Correspondence Dr Caroline M. Parker, Lecturer in Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, UK. Email: [email protected].Search for more papers by this authorDeniz Yonucu, Deniz Yonucu The School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UKSearch for more papers by this author Caroline M. Parker, Corresponding Author Caroline M. Parker [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-2494 Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, UK Correspondence Dr Caroline M. Parker, Lecturer in Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, UK. Email: [email protected].Search for more papers by this authorDeniz Yonucu, Deniz Yonucu The School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: 27 September 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12540Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Early ViewOnline Version of Record before inclusion in an issue RelatedInformation
极地:政治和法律人类学评论早期观点评论景观:想要“更好”世界的人类学批判卡罗琳·m·帕克，通讯作者卡罗琳·m·帕克[email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-2494英国伦敦伦敦大学学院人类学系通信卡罗琳·m·帕克博士，英国伦敦伦敦大学学院人类学系人类学讲师。邮箱:[Email protected]。搜索本作者的更多论文，通讯作者Caroline M. Parker [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-2494英国伦敦大学学院人类学系通讯作者Caroline M. Parker博士，英国伦敦大学学院人类学系人类学讲师。邮箱:[Email protected]。搜索本作者的更多论文Deniz Yonucu, Deniz Yonucu地理、政治和社会学学院，Newcastle University, Newcastle, uk2023年9月27日https://doi.org/10.1111/plar.12540Read全文taboutpdf ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare给予accessShare全文accessShare全文accessShare请查看我们的使用条款和条件，并勾选下面的复选框共享文章的全文版本。我已经阅读并接受了Wiley在线图书馆使用共享链接的条款和条件，请使用下面的链接与您的朋友和同事分享本文的全文版本。学习更多的知识。复制URL共享链接共享一个emailfacebooktwitterlinkedinreddit微信本文无摘要在包含问题之前的早期视图在线记录版本相关信息
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