Elmira Aboutalebi Vand Beilankouhi, Niloufar Kheradi, Yosra Vaez-Gharamaleki, Salomeh Roshani, Sana Abbasi, Reza Safaralizadeh, Mohammad Valilo
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) is a class of zinc-dependent enzymes that play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells and have different types. MMP-2 is one of the important enzymes of this family. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression of many enzymes and factors in the body. Emerging data have highlighted the relationship between MMP-2 and miRNAs. Studies have shown that miRNAs regulate MMP-2 by binding to the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR), which leads to a decrease or increase in MMP-2 expression and its enzymatic activity. For example, decreased expression of miR-106b leads to increased growth and invasion of breast cancer (BC) cells through increased expression of MMP-2. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms related to MMP-2 and miRNAs will provide new insights into the molecular pathways that drive BC progression and highlight potential therapeutic targets for the management of invasion and metastasis. Hence, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between MMP-2 and miRNAs in BC.
基质金属蛋白酶（Matrix metalloproteinase, MMPs）是一类锌依赖性酶，在癌细胞的侵袭和转移过程中起重要作用，具有不同的类型。MMP-2是该家族的重要酶之一。MicroRNAs （miRNAs）是非编码rna，参与调节体内许多酶和因子的基因表达。新出现的数据强调了MMP-2和mirna之间的关系。研究表明，mirna通过结合3 ' untranslation region （3 ' UTR）调控MMP-2，从而导致MMP-2表达和酶活性的降低或升高。例如，miR-106b表达的降低通过MMP-2表达的增加导致乳腺癌（BC）细胞的生长和侵袭增加。因此，了解与MMP-2和mirna相关的调控机制将为推动BC进展的分子途径提供新的见解，并为侵袭和转移的管理提供潜在的治疗靶点。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在阐明BC中MMP-2与mirna之间的关系。
{"title":"Examining the Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and MicroRNAs Regulation in Breast Cancer","authors":"Elmira Aboutalebi Vand Beilankouhi, Niloufar Kheradi, Yosra Vaez-Gharamaleki, Salomeh Roshani, Sana Abbasi, Reza Safaralizadeh, Mohammad Valilo","doi":"10.1155/tbj/8816789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/8816789","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) is a class of zinc-dependent enzymes that play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells and have different types. MMP-2 is one of the important enzymes of this family. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression of many enzymes and factors in the body. Emerging data have highlighted the relationship between MMP-2 and miRNAs. Studies have shown that miRNAs regulate MMP-2 by binding to the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR), which leads to a decrease or increase in MMP-2 expression and its enzymatic activity. For example, decreased expression of miR-106b leads to increased growth and invasion of breast cancer (BC) cells through increased expression of MMP-2. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms related to MMP-2 and miRNAs will provide new insights into the molecular pathways that drive BC progression and highlight potential therapeutic targets for the management of invasion and metastasis. Hence, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between MMP-2 and miRNAs in BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/8816789","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ling Zhou, Xinyu Wang, Huiyin Zhu, Yang Chen, Lifen Bai, Chunyu Hu, Yuhan Wang, Mengfan Qi, Lu Yin, Jian Sun
Objective
Given the crucial roles of GSK-3β in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), we assume that it may also be involved in tumor stemness, immune evasion, and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study was designed to analyze the expression and clinical significance of GSK-3β and investigate its association with tumor stemness–related and immune-related genes.
Methods
GSK-3β expression and clinical data of TNBC patients were obtained from TCGA. Survival analysis, differential gene expression, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore associations between GSK-3β and tumor stemness, immune response, and clinical outcomes in TNBC. Immune cell infiltration was assessed using xCell, and key GSK-3β-related proteins were validated via parallel reaction monitoring–based proteomics.
Results
GSK-3β expression was significantly upregulated in TNBC and was associated with poorer overall survival. In TNBC, 24 GSK-3β-associated genes linked to tumor stemness and immune response were identified, all of which were downregulated in the high GSK-3β expression group. Proteomic analysis further validated differential expression of key proteins, including upregulation of SERPINB2, KIT, and NOTCH1 and downregulation of DNMT1, MAPK1, and EP300 in GSK-3β-overexpressing cells.
Conclusion
GSK-3β overexpression was associated with poor prognosis and was found to influence tumor stemness, immune modulation, and key signaling pathways that drive tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.
{"title":"GSK-3β Regulates Tumor Stemness and Immune-Related Pathways in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation Study","authors":"Ling Zhou, Xinyu Wang, Huiyin Zhu, Yang Chen, Lifen Bai, Chunyu Hu, Yuhan Wang, Mengfan Qi, Lu Yin, Jian Sun","doi":"10.1155/tbj/5943807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/5943807","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given the crucial roles of <i>GSK-3β</i> in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), we assume that it may also be involved in tumor stemness, immune evasion, and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study was designed to analyze the expression and clinical significance of <i>GSK-3β</i> and investigate its association with tumor stemness–related and immune-related genes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>GSK-3β</i> expression and clinical data of TNBC patients were obtained from TCGA. Survival analysis, differential gene expression, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore associations between <i>GSK-3β</i> and tumor stemness, immune response, and clinical outcomes in TNBC. Immune cell infiltration was assessed using xCell, and key <i>GSK-3β</i>-related proteins were validated via parallel reaction monitoring–based proteomics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>GSK-3β</i> expression was significantly upregulated in TNBC and was associated with poorer overall survival. In TNBC, 24 <i>GSK-3β</i>-associated genes linked to tumor stemness and immune response were identified, all of which were downregulated in the high <i>GSK-3β</i> expression group. Proteomic analysis further validated differential expression of key proteins, including upregulation of SERPINB2, KIT, and NOTCH1 and downregulation of DNMT1, MAPK1, and EP300 in <i>GSK-3β</i>-overexpressing cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>GSK-3β</i> overexpression was associated with poor prognosis and was found to influence tumor stemness, immune modulation, and key signaling pathways that drive tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/5943807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145581350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Visvanathan, A. Cimino-Mathews, M. J. Fackler, et al., “Evaluating DNA Methylation in Random Fine Needle Aspirates from the Breast to Inform Cancer Risk,” The Breast Journal 2022 (2022): 9533461, https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9533461.
In the article titled “Evaluating DNA Methylation in Random Fine Needle Aspirates from the Breast to Inform Cancer Risk,” there was an error in the Conflicts of Interest section. The corrected section appears below:
Conflicts of Interest
Kala Visvanathan reports funding from Cepheid and nonfinancial support from Optra Health Inc. Mary Jo Fackler reports grants from Cepheid and served as a Cepheid Consultant from February 2015 to February 2020. Mary Jo Fackler received license royalty fees from Cepheid from December 2014 through July 2021 for use of JHU cMethDNA and QM-MSP assays.
Saraswati Sukumar was awarded a grant from Cepheid and Kala Visvanathan and Mary Jo Fackler received support on it. Saraswati Sukumar served as Cepheid consultant from February 2015 through February 2020 and received license royalty fees from Cepheid (December 2014 through 2021) for use of JHU cMethDNA and QM-MSP patents. Mary Jo Fackler and Saraswati Sukumar are co-inventors of the cMethDNA assay, US patent US10450609B2. The JH Office of Policy is managing the COI for Saraswati Sukumar and Mary Jo Fackler. Vered Stearns received research grants to Johns Hopkins from Abbvie, Biocept, Novartis, Pfizer, Puma Biotechnology, and QUE. She served on the Oncology Advisory board for Novartis in 2021 and was Chair of a Data Safety Monitoring Board for AstraZeneca. She received nonfinancial support from Foundation Medicine for study assays.
We apologize for this error.
K. Visvanathan， A. ciminomathews， M. J. Fackler等，“评估随机乳腺细针抽吸器中的DNA甲基化以告知癌症风险”，《乳腺杂志》2022 (2022):9533461,https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9533461.In文章标题为“评估随机乳腺细针抽吸器中的DNA甲基化以告知癌症风险”，在利益冲突部分有一个错误。更正后的部分如下：利益冲突kala Visvanathan报告了造父变星的资金和Optra Health Inc.的非财务支持。Mary Jo Fackler从2015年2月到2020年2月担任造父变星顾问。Mary Jo Fackler在2014年12月至2021年7月期间获得了仙王座JHU cMethDNA和QM-MSP检测的许可使用费。Saraswati Sukumar获得了造父变星的资助，Kala Visvanathan和Mary Jo Fackler也得到了支持。Saraswati Sukumar于2015年2月至2020年2月担任Cepheid顾问，并从Cepheid获得使用JHU cMethDNA和QM-MSP专利的许可使用费（2014年12月至2021年）。Mary Jo Fackler和Saraswati Sukumar是cMethDNA测定法的共同发明者，美国专利US10450609B2。JH政策办公室正在为Saraswati Sukumar和Mary Jo Fackler管理COI。从艾伯维、Biocept、诺华、辉瑞、彪马生物技术和QUE获得了约翰霍普金斯大学的研究资助。她于2021年担任Novartis肿瘤学顾问委员会成员，并担任AstraZeneca数据安全监测委员会主席。她的研究分析得到了基础医学的非经济支持。我们为这个错误道歉。
{"title":"Correction to “Evaluating DNA Methylation in Random Fine Needle Aspirates from the Breast to Inform Cancer Risk”","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/tbj/9873020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/9873020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>K. Visvanathan, A. Cimino-Mathews, M. J. Fackler, et al., “Evaluating DNA Methylation in Random Fine Needle Aspirates from the Breast to Inform Cancer Risk,” <i>The Breast Journal</i> 2022 (2022): 9533461, https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9533461.</p><p>In the article titled “Evaluating DNA Methylation in Random Fine Needle Aspirates from the Breast to Inform Cancer Risk,” there was an error in the Conflicts of Interest section. The corrected section appears below:</p><p><b>Conflicts of Interest</b></p><p>Kala Visvanathan reports funding from Cepheid and nonfinancial support from Optra Health Inc. Mary Jo Fackler reports grants from Cepheid and served as a Cepheid Consultant from February 2015 to February 2020. Mary Jo Fackler received license royalty fees from Cepheid from December 2014 through July 2021 for use of JHU cMethDNA and QM-MSP assays.</p><p>Saraswati Sukumar was awarded a grant from Cepheid and Kala Visvanathan and Mary Jo Fackler received support on it. Saraswati Sukumar served as Cepheid consultant from February 2015 through February 2020 and received license royalty fees from Cepheid (December 2014 through 2021) for use of JHU cMethDNA and QM-MSP patents. Mary Jo Fackler and Saraswati Sukumar are co-inventors of the cMethDNA assay, US patent US10450609B2. The JH Office of Policy is managing the COI for Saraswati Sukumar and Mary Jo Fackler. Vered Stearns received research grants to Johns Hopkins from Abbvie, Biocept, Novartis, Pfizer, Puma Biotechnology, and QUE. She served on the Oncology Advisory board for Novartis in 2021 and was Chair of a Data Safety Monitoring Board for AstraZeneca. She received nonfinancial support from Foundation Medicine for study assays.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/9873020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145522078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zaida Morante, Yomali Ferreyra, Iris Otoya, Natalia Valdiviezo, Norma Huarcaya-Chombo, Gabriela Polo-Mendoza, Cindy Calle, Jessica Meza, Carlos Castañeda, Tatiana Vidaurre, Guillermo Valencia, Patricia Rioja, Hugo Fuentes, Silvia P. Neciosup, Henry L. Gomez
Background
Lack of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression limits targeted treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). HER2 status changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have been reported, but their impact on survival in Peruvian TNBC patients remains unexplored. Here, we aimed to assess HER2 status before and after NAC and its association with clinical characteristics, treatment response, and survival outcomes.
Methods
Our analysis included clinicopathological data from 159 TNBC patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2019 at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (Lima, Peru) who received NAC. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between HER2 status at diagnosis and pathological complete response (pCR). Cohen’s Kappa analysis evaluated the agreement between pre- and post-NAC HER2 status, while Kaplan–Meier analysis estimated the impact of HER2 changes on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)
Results
Among TNBC patients, 40.3% were HER2-low at diagnosis and 14.9% achieved pCR. Pretherapeutic HER2 status was not associated with pCR (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.55–3.61, and p = 0.5). HER2 status remained unchanged in 62.8% of HER2-zero and 75.9% of HER2-low patients post-NAC, showing moderate concordance (Cohen’s kappa = 0.3418, p < 0.001). No significant OS improvements were observed in patients with HER2 transitions: HER2-zero/HER2-low (HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.22–1.24, and p = 0.14), HER2-low/HER2-zero (HR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.34–2.40, and p = 0.8), or HER2-low/HER2-low (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.34–1.49, and p = 0.4) compared with HER2-zero/HER2-zero. Similar findings were reported for DFS.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that HER2 status conversion may not be prognostic for patients with TNBC treated with neoadjuvant therapy.
人表皮生长因子受体2 （HER2）表达的缺乏限制了三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的靶向治疗。新辅助化疗（NAC）后HER2状态的改变已被报道，但其对秘鲁TNBC患者生存的影响仍未被探讨。在这里，我们旨在评估NAC前后的HER2状态及其与临床特征、治疗反应和生存结果的关系。方法：我们分析了2015年至2019年在秘鲁利马国立Enfermedades研究所Neoplásicas （Lima, Peru）诊断的159例接受NAC治疗的TNBC患者的临床病理数据。采用Logistic回归评估诊断时HER2状态与病理完全缓解（pCR）之间的关系。Cohen的Kappa分析评估了nac前和nac后HER2状态之间的一致性，Kaplan-Meier分析估计了HER2变化对总生存期（OS）和无病生存期（DFS）的影响。结果在TNBC患者中，40.3%在诊断时HER2低，14.9%达到pCR。治疗前HER2状态与pCR无关（OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.55-3.61, p = 0.5）。nac后，62.8%的HER2零和75.9%的HER2低患者的HER2状态保持不变，显示中度一致性（Cohen’s kappa = 0.3418, p < 0.001）。与HER2-zero/HER2-zero相比，HER2-zero/HER2-low （HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.22-1.24, p = 0.14）、HER2-low/HER2-zero （HR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.34-2.40, p = 0.8）或HER2-low/HER2-low （HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.34-1.49, p = 0.4）患者的OS无显著改善。DFS也有类似的发现。结论这些发现提示HER2状态转换可能不是新辅助治疗TNBC患者的预后。
{"title":"Influence of HER2 Changes on Survival Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Peruvian Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","authors":"Zaida Morante, Yomali Ferreyra, Iris Otoya, Natalia Valdiviezo, Norma Huarcaya-Chombo, Gabriela Polo-Mendoza, Cindy Calle, Jessica Meza, Carlos Castañeda, Tatiana Vidaurre, Guillermo Valencia, Patricia Rioja, Hugo Fuentes, Silvia P. Neciosup, Henry L. Gomez","doi":"10.1155/tbj/3770655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/3770655","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lack of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression limits targeted treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). HER2 status changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have been reported, but their impact on survival in Peruvian TNBC patients remains unexplored. Here, we aimed to assess HER2 status before and after NAC and its association with clinical characteristics, treatment response, and survival outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis included clinicopathological data from 159 TNBC patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2019 at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (Lima, Peru) who received NAC. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between HER2 status at diagnosis and pathological complete response (pCR). Cohen’s Kappa analysis evaluated the agreement between pre- and post-NAC HER2 status, while Kaplan–Meier analysis estimated the impact of HER2 changes on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among TNBC patients, 40.3% were HER2-low at diagnosis and 14.9% achieved pCR. Pretherapeutic HER2 status was not associated with pCR (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.55–3.61, and <i>p</i> = 0.5). HER2 status remained unchanged in 62.8% of HER2-zero and 75.9% of HER2-low patients post-NAC, showing moderate concordance (Cohen’s kappa = 0.3418, <i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant OS improvements were observed in patients with HER2 transitions: HER2-zero/HER2-low (HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.22–1.24, and <i>p</i> = 0.14), HER2-low/HER2-zero (HR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.34–2.40, and <i>p</i> = 0.8), or HER2-low/HER2-low (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.34–1.49, and <i>p</i> = 0.4) compared with HER2-zero/HER2-zero. Similar findings were reported for DFS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that HER2 status conversion may not be prognostic for patients with TNBC treated with neoadjuvant therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/3770655","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145522313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica C. Gooch, Qi Ying McClelland, Kathryn Paschalis, Maya Anand, Allison Magnuson, Jenna Dobbins, Kristin A. Skinner, Ann Olzinski-Kunze, Anna Weiss
Background
The safety and value of same-day mastectomy are well-documented but the patient perspective is underreported, especially among older patients. This study aimed to investigate older patient-reported recovery quality after mastectomy; we hypothesized that patients who were discharged same day would report better recovery.
Methods
A prospective trial included frailty screening and prehabilitation for patients age ≥ 65 undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer. Primary endpoint, same-day discharge rate, was previously reported and was significantly higher than the year prior. Secondary endpoint was patient-reported postoperative recovery quality, per the Quality of Recovery-15 measure (QoR-15; 15 questions scored 1–10, 10 being best). Patients responded by phone 24–72 h postdischarge. One-tailed T-tests compared responses between same-day and admitted patients.
Results
37/55 (67.3%) patients ≥ 65 who underwent unilateral/bilateral mastectomy for early-stage breast cancer responded. Mean age was 73.6 (standard deviation 7.6), most had invasive carcinoma (44, 80.0%), and mean 5-factor Modified Frailty Index (mFI-5) was 1.3 of 5 (standard deviation 0.9); nonresponders had similar characteristics. There were no significant differences in any QoR-15 item (all p > 0.05). In fact, most responses were very similar, different by only one-tenth of 1 point or identical. The following answers slightly (0.2 difference or more) numerically favored same-day discharge: feeling rested, having good sleep, less moderate pain, and freedom from feeling anxious or depressed. No items favored admission.
Conclusions
Although this trial was not powered for secondary analyses, it is clinically meaningful that older patients undergoing same-day mastectomy reported similar recovery quality as those admitted. Same-day mastectomy should be considered for older patients.
{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcomes After Same-Day Mastectomy Among Older Breast Cancer Patients: Results From a Prospective Clinical Trial","authors":"Jessica C. Gooch, Qi Ying McClelland, Kathryn Paschalis, Maya Anand, Allison Magnuson, Jenna Dobbins, Kristin A. Skinner, Ann Olzinski-Kunze, Anna Weiss","doi":"10.1155/tbj/9953747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/9953747","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The safety and value of same-day mastectomy are well-documented but the patient perspective is underreported, especially among older patients. This study aimed to investigate older patient-reported recovery quality after mastectomy; we hypothesized that patients who were discharged same day would report better recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A prospective trial included frailty screening and prehabilitation for patients age ≥ 65 undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer. Primary endpoint, same-day discharge rate, was previously reported and was significantly higher than the year prior. Secondary endpoint was patient-reported postoperative recovery quality, per the Quality of Recovery-15 measure (QoR-15; 15 questions scored 1–10, 10 being best). Patients responded by phone 24–72 h postdischarge. One-tailed <i>T</i>-tests compared responses between same-day and admitted patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>37/55 (67.3%) patients ≥ 65 who underwent unilateral/bilateral mastectomy for early-stage breast cancer responded. Mean age was 73.6 (standard deviation 7.6), most had invasive carcinoma (44, 80.0%), and mean 5-factor Modified Frailty Index (mFI-5) was 1.3 of 5 (standard deviation 0.9); nonresponders had similar characteristics. There were no significant differences in any QoR-15 item (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). In fact, most responses were very similar, different by only one-tenth of 1 point or identical. The following answers slightly (0.2 difference or more) numerically favored same-day discharge: feeling rested, having good sleep, less moderate pain, and freedom from feeling anxious or depressed. No items favored admission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although this trial was not powered for secondary analyses, it is clinically meaningful that older patients undergoing same-day mastectomy reported similar recovery quality as those admitted. Same-day mastectomy should be considered for older patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/9953747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145470049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junyue Wang, Dongxiao Zhang, Qiao Huang, Na Fu, Wenjie Zhao, Yu Zhou, Yubo Guo, Xiaolong Xu, Yudong Li
Background
While the characteristics of pathologic nipple discharge (PND) are well documented in the literature, comparative clinical and risk factor analyses across different pathologic subtypes are lacking.
Methods
Medical records of patients with nipple discharge were retrospectively retrieved from an electronic medical record database and analyzed. In this study, 375 patients with a postoperative pathologically confirmed diagnosis of PND were included.
Results
Age serves as an important independent risk factor for precancerous lesions and breast cancer, with the median age increasing alongside the severity of the pathology. Individuals under 45 years of age predominantly exhibited non-neoplastic and benign neoplastic lesions, whereas those over 45 were more likely to have precancerous lesions or breast cancer, with statistical significance (p < 0.01). Discharge color was a significant factor in distinguishing between different pathological findings (p < 0.01). Discharge color serves as an important independent risk factor for breast cancer. Bloody discharge was associated with a significantly higher incidence of breast cancer and precancerous lesions compared to non-bloody discharges. Upon dividing bloody discharge into brown and bright red for in-depth analysis, no significant difference was observed among the different pathological types (p > 0.05). Ductoscopy has a higher diagnostic rate for breast cancer and precancerous lesions (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
These results suggest the clinical characteristics of PND patients across four pathological types: non-neoplastic lesions, benign neoplastic lesions, precancerous lesions, and breast cancer, at the same time emphasizing the importance of age and discharge color as independent risk factors in the prognosis and management of nipple discharge.
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Independent Risk Factors for Pathologic Nipple Discharge of 375 Cases","authors":"Junyue Wang, Dongxiao Zhang, Qiao Huang, Na Fu, Wenjie Zhao, Yu Zhou, Yubo Guo, Xiaolong Xu, Yudong Li","doi":"10.1155/tbj/6615296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/6615296","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the characteristics of pathologic nipple discharge (PND) are well documented in the literature, comparative clinical and risk factor analyses across different pathologic subtypes are lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medical records of patients with nipple discharge were retrospectively retrieved from an electronic medical record database and analyzed. In this study, 375 patients with a postoperative pathologically confirmed diagnosis of PND were included.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age serves as an important independent risk factor for precancerous lesions and breast cancer, with the median age increasing alongside the severity of the pathology. Individuals under 45 years of age predominantly exhibited non-neoplastic and benign neoplastic lesions, whereas those over 45 were more likely to have precancerous lesions or breast cancer, with statistical significance (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Discharge color was a significant factor in distinguishing between different pathological findings (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Discharge color serves as an important independent risk factor for breast cancer. Bloody discharge was associated with a significantly higher incidence of breast cancer and precancerous lesions compared to non-bloody discharges. Upon dividing bloody discharge into brown and bright red for in-depth analysis, no significant difference was observed among the different pathological types (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Ductoscopy has a higher diagnostic rate for breast cancer and precancerous lesions (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results suggest the clinical characteristics of PND patients across four pathological types: non-neoplastic lesions, benign neoplastic lesions, precancerous lesions, and breast cancer, at the same time emphasizing the importance of age and discharge color as independent risk factors in the prognosis and management of nipple discharge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/6615296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145406903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kewei Tang, Site Bai, Qiang Zhou, Songlian Liu, Leilan Yin, Yajun Tong, Ling Long, Ludi Ou, Qinghua Yin
Objective
To investigate the effect of microRNA-195-5p (miRNA-195-5p) on proliferation and malignant metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and its underlying mechanism.
Methods
Expression levels of miRNA-195-5p and MYB were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) and normal human mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Cell proliferation was assessed via CCK-8 assays after miRNA-195-5p overexpression or knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells. Transwell assays evaluated cellular invasion and migration. Western blotting analyzed impacts on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Targeting of MYB by miRNA-195-5p was confirmed using TargetScan prediction and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RT-qPCR measured MYB expression upon miRNA-195-5p modulation. Rescue experiments (co-overexpression of MYB and miRNA-195-5p) further assessed proliferation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling via CCK-8 and Western blotting.
Results
Compared to MCF-10A cells, miRNA-195-5p expression was significantly downregulated (p < 0.01), while MYB was markedly upregulated (p < 0.001) in TNBC cells. Overexpression of miRNA-195-5p inhibited MDA-MB-231 proliferation, invasion, and migration; conversely, its knockdown promoted these phenotypes. MiRNA-195-5p directly targeted and negatively regulated MYB. MYB overexpression activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, enhancing cell proliferation. Rescue experiments indicated that MYB upregulation counteracted the tumor-suppressive effects of miRNA-195-5p and reactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.
Conclusion
miRNA-195-5p suppresses proliferation and metastasis in TNBC by targeting MYB and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
{"title":"MicroRNA-195-5p Targets MYB to Regulate Proliferation and Malignant Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling","authors":"Kewei Tang, Site Bai, Qiang Zhou, Songlian Liu, Leilan Yin, Yajun Tong, Ling Long, Ludi Ou, Qinghua Yin","doi":"10.1155/tbj/7303173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/7303173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effect of microRNA-195-5p (miRNA-195-5p) on proliferation and malignant metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and its underlying mechanism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Expression levels of miRNA-195-5p and MYB were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) in TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) and normal human mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Cell proliferation was assessed via CCK-8 assays after miRNA-195-5p overexpression or knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells. Transwell assays evaluated cellular invasion and migration. Western blotting analyzed impacts on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Targeting of MYB by miRNA-195-5p was confirmed using TargetScan prediction and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RT-qPCR measured MYB expression upon miRNA-195-5p modulation. Rescue experiments (co-overexpression of MYB and miRNA-195-5p) further assessed proliferation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling via CCK-8 and Western blotting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to MCF-10A cells, miRNA-195-5p expression was significantly downregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.01), while MYB was markedly upregulated (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in TNBC cells. Overexpression of miRNA-195-5p inhibited MDA-MB-231 proliferation, invasion, and migration; conversely, its knockdown promoted these phenotypes. MiRNA-195-5p directly targeted and negatively regulated MYB. MYB overexpression activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, enhancing cell proliferation. Rescue experiments indicated that MYB upregulation counteracted the tumor-suppressive effects of miRNA-195-5p and reactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>miRNA-195-5p suppresses proliferation and metastasis in TNBC by targeting MYB and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/7303173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flemming Puscz, Nilofar Ahmadi, Sonja Verena Schmidt, Felix Reinkemeier, Marius Drysch, Yonca Steubing, Maximilian Völlmecke, Marcus Lehnhardt, Christoph Wallner
Background
Angiosarcomas (ASs) are a heterogeneous subtype of soft tissue sarcomas. They can be subdivided into primary and secondary AS, with secondary AS being predominant, particularly those following radiotherapy. The aim of this study was first to analyze our patient cohort on a descriptive level and then to identify possible risk factors with regard to one and 5-year survival using logistic regression.
Methods
The study was designed as a retrospective, single-center cohort study. All patients with histologically confirmed AS over 18 years of age were included in the study. Binary logistic regression was used for univariate analysis screening of continuous or dichotomous variables, respectively. For multivariate analysis, binary multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess independent associations between chosen variables and AS.
Results
A total of 39 patients were included in this study. 14 (35.9%) had primary and 25 (64%) had secondary AS. Women were more frequently affected (76.9%) than men (23.1%). The 1-year survival rate was 87.2%, and the 5-year survival rate was 51.3%. In the logistic regression analyses, nicotine consumption and a history of carcinoma were identified as significant factors influencing the 1-year survival rate. For the 5-year survival rate, only breast cancer was found to be a significant influencing factor in the univariate analysis. Based on univariate logistic regression, all variables with a p value of < 0.1 were chosen to be included into multivariate analysis. The multivariate analysis showed diabetes mellitus (p = 0.067) with an association to influence the 5-year survival rate.
Conclusions
We were able to show that the proportion of secondary ASs is predominant. These occur after radiation treatment of the breast. Diabetes mellitus may be associated with reduced 5-year survival, although this finding did not reach statistical significance and requires further investigation. Due to its small sample size, this study should be regarded more as hypothesis-generating.
{"title":"Characteristics, Outcomes, and Risk Factors in Primary and Secondary Angiosarcoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Flemming Puscz, Nilofar Ahmadi, Sonja Verena Schmidt, Felix Reinkemeier, Marius Drysch, Yonca Steubing, Maximilian Völlmecke, Marcus Lehnhardt, Christoph Wallner","doi":"10.1155/tbj/7158762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/7158762","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Angiosarcomas (ASs) are a heterogeneous subtype of soft tissue sarcomas. They can be subdivided into primary and secondary AS, with secondary AS being predominant, particularly those following radiotherapy. The aim of this study was first to analyze our patient cohort on a descriptive level and then to identify possible risk factors with regard to one and 5-year survival using logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was designed as a retrospective, single-center cohort study. All patients with histologically confirmed AS over 18 years of age were included in the study. Binary logistic regression was used for univariate analysis screening of continuous or dichotomous variables, respectively. For multivariate analysis, binary multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess independent associations between chosen variables and AS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 39 patients were included in this study. 14 (35.9%) had primary and 25 (64%) had secondary AS. Women were more frequently affected (76.9%) than men (23.1%). The 1-year survival rate was 87.2%, and the 5-year survival rate was 51.3%. In the logistic regression analyses, nicotine consumption and a history of carcinoma were identified as significant factors influencing the 1-year survival rate. For the 5-year survival rate, only breast cancer was found to be a significant influencing factor in the univariate analysis. Based on univariate logistic regression, all variables with a <i>p</i> value of < 0.1 were chosen to be included into multivariate analysis. The multivariate analysis showed diabetes mellitus (<i>p</i> = 0.067) with an association to influence the 5-year survival rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We were able to show that the proportion of secondary ASs is predominant. These occur after radiation treatment of the breast. Diabetes mellitus may be associated with reduced 5-year survival, although this finding did not reach statistical significance and requires further investigation. Due to its small sample size, this study should be regarded more as hypothesis-generating.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/7158762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas J. Sorenson, Carter J. Boyd, Jenn J. Park, Kshipra Hemal, Chris Amro, Nicholas Vernice, Alexis Lakatta, Oriana Cohen, Nolan Karp, Mihye Choi
Background
Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) preserves the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) with superior aesthetic results but results in loss of nipple sensation. Nipple neurotization has emerged as a technique to restore the sensory function, yet outcomes remain variable across studies. This systematic review synthesizes the available evidence on nipple neurotization in IBBR, focusing on sensory recovery, patient satisfaction, and surgical techniques.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched through April 1, 2025, for studies evaluating nipple neurotization in IBBR. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series reporting surgical technique, sensory, and/or patient satisfaction outcomes. Data extraction included study characteristics, surgical techniques, sensory outcomes, and patient-reported satisfaction. Risk of bias was assessed using standardized tools.
Results
Six studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 212 patients and 257 neurotized breasts. Sensory recovery was assessed using monofilament testing and patient-reported outcomes. Studies demonstrated overall improvement of NAC sensory outcomes and high patient satisfaction after neurotization. However, variability in neurotization methods, follow-up duration, and specific measured sensory outcomes limited direct comparisons.
Conclusion
Nipple neurotization in IBBR shows promise in enhancing sensory recovery and patient satisfaction after NSM, but heterogeneity in surgical techniques and outcome measures, as well as poor study designs, limits definitive conclusions. Standardized protocols and randomized studies with long-term patient follow-up are needed to establish best practices and optimize neurotization outcomes.
{"title":"Nipple Areolar Complex (NAC) Neurotization After Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy (NSM) in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature","authors":"Thomas J. Sorenson, Carter J. Boyd, Jenn J. Park, Kshipra Hemal, Chris Amro, Nicholas Vernice, Alexis Lakatta, Oriana Cohen, Nolan Karp, Mihye Choi","doi":"10.1155/tbj/2362697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/2362697","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) preserves the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) with superior aesthetic results but results in loss of nipple sensation. Nipple neurotization has emerged as a technique to restore the sensory function, yet outcomes remain variable across studies. This systematic review synthesizes the available evidence on nipple neurotization in IBBR, focusing on sensory recovery, patient satisfaction, and surgical techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched through April 1, 2025, for studies evaluating nipple neurotization in IBBR. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series reporting surgical technique, sensory, and/or patient satisfaction outcomes. Data extraction included study characteristics, surgical techniques, sensory outcomes, and patient-reported satisfaction. Risk of bias was assessed using standardized tools.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 212 patients and 257 neurotized breasts. Sensory recovery was assessed using monofilament testing and patient-reported outcomes. Studies demonstrated overall improvement of NAC sensory outcomes and high patient satisfaction after neurotization. However, variability in neurotization methods, follow-up duration, and specific measured sensory outcomes limited direct comparisons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nipple neurotization in IBBR shows promise in enhancing sensory recovery and patient satisfaction after NSM, but heterogeneity in surgical techniques and outcome measures, as well as poor study designs, limits definitive conclusions. Standardized protocols and randomized studies with long-term patient follow-up are needed to establish best practices and optimize neurotization outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/2362697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atif Ali Hashmi, Noreen Wahid, Ghazala Mudassir, Muhammad Irfan, Umair Arshad Malik, Erum Yousuf Khan, Syed Muhammad Abu Bakar, Naveen Faridi
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) expression in tumors is linked to immune evasion in various cancers, making these patients potential candidates for PDL1 inhibitors. Although immune checkpoint blockade therapy has gained approval for breast cancer treatment, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), there is a lack of PDL1 expression data in Pakistani breast cancer patients. In our study, PDL1 expression was assessed in TNBC to determine eligibility for PDL1 inhibitors. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of PDL1 expression in TNBC. We also examined how PDL1 expression correlates with clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with TNBC. Moreover, the association of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response with PDL1 expression was also evaluated.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Liaquat National Hospital Histopathology Department from January 2022 to June 2023. A total of 128 biopsy-proven cases of TNBCs were administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery during this period. PDL1 immunohistochemical staining was performed on prechemotherapy needle biopsies. Expression was determined using the combined positive score (CPS). CPS is the number of PDL1-stained cells (tumor cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages) divided by the total number of viable tumor cells multiplied by 100. Cases with CPS ≥ 10 were considered PDL1-positive.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Complete pathological response (pCR) was observed in 32.8% (<i>n</i> = 42) of cases. PDL1 expression was observed in 18.8% (<i>n</i> = 24) of cases. The majority of cases showed a high residual cancer burden (RCB-III) (<i>n</i> = 53, 41.4%). A significant association was noted between PDL1 expression and neoadjuvant chemotherapy response (<i>p</i> < 0.01). PDL1-positive cases had a higher pCR (<i>n</i> = 16, 66.7%) than PDL1-negative cases (<i>n</i> = 26, 25%). PDL1-positive cases showed a lower frequency of RCB-II-III (RCB-II: 8.3%; RCB-III: 0%) than PDL1-negative cases (RCB-II: 25%; RCB-III: 51%), with a significant <i>p</i> value (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Overall, PDL1 expression was low in TNBC cases in our study; however, identifying these cases is important to identify those that can benefit from immunotherapy. We found a significant association of PDL1 expression with neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and RCB. Moreover, PDL1 positivity was associated with lower Ki67 index and older age. Therefore, we reco
{"title":"Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PDL1) Expression in Neoadjuvant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Association With Chemotherapy Response and Residual Cancer Burden","authors":"Atif Ali Hashmi, Noreen Wahid, Ghazala Mudassir, Muhammad Irfan, Umair Arshad Malik, Erum Yousuf Khan, Syed Muhammad Abu Bakar, Naveen Faridi","doi":"10.1155/tbj/8856567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbj/8856567","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) expression in tumors is linked to immune evasion in various cancers, making these patients potential candidates for PDL1 inhibitors. Although immune checkpoint blockade therapy has gained approval for breast cancer treatment, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), there is a lack of PDL1 expression data in Pakistani breast cancer patients. In our study, PDL1 expression was assessed in TNBC to determine eligibility for PDL1 inhibitors. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of PDL1 expression in TNBC. We also examined how PDL1 expression correlates with clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with TNBC. Moreover, the association of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response with PDL1 expression was also evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Liaquat National Hospital Histopathology Department from January 2022 to June 2023. A total of 128 biopsy-proven cases of TNBCs were administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery during this period. PDL1 immunohistochemical staining was performed on prechemotherapy needle biopsies. Expression was determined using the combined positive score (CPS). CPS is the number of PDL1-stained cells (tumor cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages) divided by the total number of viable tumor cells multiplied by 100. Cases with CPS ≥ 10 were considered PDL1-positive.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Complete pathological response (pCR) was observed in 32.8% (<i>n</i> = 42) of cases. PDL1 expression was observed in 18.8% (<i>n</i> = 24) of cases. The majority of cases showed a high residual cancer burden (RCB-III) (<i>n</i> = 53, 41.4%). A significant association was noted between PDL1 expression and neoadjuvant chemotherapy response (<i>p</i> < 0.01). PDL1-positive cases had a higher pCR (<i>n</i> = 16, 66.7%) than PDL1-negative cases (<i>n</i> = 26, 25%). PDL1-positive cases showed a lower frequency of RCB-II-III (RCB-II: 8.3%; RCB-III: 0%) than PDL1-negative cases (RCB-II: 25%; RCB-III: 51%), with a significant <i>p</i> value (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, PDL1 expression was low in TNBC cases in our study; however, identifying these cases is important to identify those that can benefit from immunotherapy. We found a significant association of PDL1 expression with neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and RCB. Moreover, PDL1 positivity was associated with lower Ki67 index and older age. Therefore, we reco","PeriodicalId":56326,"journal":{"name":"Breast Journal","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbj/8856567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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