Food Science and Biotechnology最新文献

Four citrus pectins were extracted from different discarded citrus peels. PPG, CJ, and QC pectins presented degrees of esterification (DE) values that exceeded 80%; in contrast, WG pectin presented a notably lower DE, which was reduced to approximately 65%. All four pectins are composed of seven monosaccharides: galacturonic acid, arabinose, galactose, glucose, rhamnose, mannose, and xylose, with galacturonic acid emerging as the predominant constituent (more than 50%). The molecular weights (Mws) of the four pectins all exceeded 100 kDa. Two Aureobasidium strains (40 and 44), which were isolated from CWs, harboured genomes enriched with pectin-depolymerizing carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). Following temperature and pH optimization of the pectin-degrading enzyme systems in the two black yeast strains, both effectively depolymerized the four pectins into lower-Mw oligosaccharides. All four pectin oligosaccharide products exhibited significant radical scavenging capacities against DPPH, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals, demonstrating their effectiveness as natural free radical scavengers.

The convergence of blockchain, IoT, and cloud technologies has created new opportunities for secure, transparent, and autonomous data management in smart manufacturing systems. In this study, we developed a Cloud-Blockchain Integrated Fermentation Device (CBIFD) that enables real-time monitoring and distributed logging of environmental data during fermentation. The system employs a modular sensor configuration to measure pressure, temperature, humidity, internal temperature, CO₂, and pH, and is integrated with an Arduino Nano 33 IoT. Its cloud-native, self-contained architecture eliminates the need for a local server, ensuring high mobility and scalability. System performance was validated in a laboratory setting, demonstrating seamless data acquisition, reliable cloud synchronization, and consistent execution of blockchain transactions. Moreover, comparative analysis with existing IoT–blockchain architectures highlights the superior autonomy and infrastructure flexibility of the CBIFD. This work provides a robust foundation for future research aimed at enhancing process transparency and data-driven control in intelligent fermentation environments.

Medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCTs) offer rapid energy release and essential nutritional benefits, making them valuable in functional foods. In this study, MLCTs containing caprylic acid (C8:0; C) and linoleic acid (C18:2; L) were synthesized via a chemoenzymatic strategy combining lipase-catalyzed reactions and Steglich esterification. Four distinct MLCT congeners—CCL, CLC, LLC, and LCL—were obtained with yields of 52–67% (asymmetrical) and 71–84% (symmetrical), and purified using preparative HPLC (> 98%). The resulting compounds were structurally characterized by HPLC–ESI–MS and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. HPLC–ESI–MS confirmed the expected mass-to-charge values for the [M + NH₄]⁺ adducts: 624.6 for CCL/CLC and 760.6 for LLC/LCL. ¹³C NMR analysis verified molecular symmetry; asymmetric TAGs showed three carbonyl signals (e.g., 173.30, 173.26, 172.88 ppm for CCL), while symmetric forms showed two signals. These results confirm the successful synthesis and structural integrity of MLCTs with defined fatty acid positioning for functional lipid applications.

Health spans a broad spectrum, encompassing various biological and lifestyle factors. The complexity of biological systems necessitates for integrating diverse factors into a unified biomarker. We constructed a health space model that highlights metabolism and oxidative stress as key indicators for tracking healthy aging and mapping health trajectories. To ensure cross-ethnic relevance, we used data from the Dutch Nutrition Questionnaires plus and Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) cohorts. Our approach combines machine learning with logistic regression, applying a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalty to propensity score-matched datasets. External validation using an independent KNHANES cohort showed strong performance (AUC = 0.959 for metabolic stress; 0.973 for oxidative stress), confirming model reliability. These findings support the health space model as a holistic tool for monitoring physiological stress. Our research advances personalized health monitoring and offers a foundation for precision nutrition strategies aimed at reducing chronic disease risk.

This study examined how age, gender, and consumption frequency influence texture perception and overall acceptability of cooked rice, using a large consumer panel (N = 692) across four replicated trials. Age significantly influenced ratings for hardness, chewiness, and especially overall liking, with older adults (70–79 years) giving higher scores and showing less variability. In contrast, younger participants (20–49 years) exhibited greater perception sensitivity and more diverse acceptability. Gender had a significant impact on ratings for hardness, stickiness, chewiness and overall liking, with males consistently giving higher ratings. Consumption frequency affected perceived hardness but had no effect on other texture attributes or overall acceptability, suggesting long-term consumption patterns may overshadow short-term variations in habituated consumers. Both frequentist and Bayesian regression analyses identified chewiness as the strongest predictor of overall liking, whereas the impacts of hardness and stickiness varied by demographic group.

This study is the first to report the production, characterization, and technofunctional properties of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the probiotic yeast S. boulardii S11 (Sb-EPS). HPLC analysis revealed that Sb-EPS has a heteropolysaccharide structure composed mainly of mannose and glucose. FT-IR and NMR analyses confirmed the polysaccharide structure of EPS. Rheological analysis showed that Sb-EPS exhibited non-Newtonian shear-thinning flow behavior. The EPS exhibited high antioxidant activity at a concentration of 4 mg/mL, with more than 50% radical scavenging capacity for DPPH and ABTS, and 117.72 ± 2.54 mg/mL for FRAP. Additionally, Sb-EPS demonstrated 90.11, 71.30, and 55.95% heavy metal adsorption capacities for Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Zn²⁺, respectively. Furthermore, Sb-EPS’s ability to stimulate the growth of probiotic bacteria L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum to a greater extent than glucose and inulin suggests its potential as a prebiotic candidate. The findings indicate that Sb-EPS could be a promising, novel, and functional ingredient for food applications.

This study aimed to elucidate the thermal oxidation process of mealworm oil, thereby providing insights into the potential development of oxidation or rancidity during thermal treatment. The oxidative status of Tenebrio molitor (mealworm) oil was assessed via oxidative indices, which tended to increase with accelerated thermal oxidation. Acid and peroxide values exhibited a rapid increase within the initial 30 min across all heating temperatures, whereas the p-anisidine value showed a gradual increase in the early stages of heating, followed by a sharp rise after 4 h of heating at 180 °C. Furthermore, differences among oils heated for 8 h were visualized using a partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models, based on volatile oxidation compounds that changed during the heating oxidation process. Low-molecular-weight aldehydes, the thermal oxidation products of oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids, played a key role in this distribution, and the patterns became more pronounced at higher heating temperatures.

This study investigated the therapeutic potential of Codonopsis lanceolata peel extract (CPE) for premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The focus was on hormonal, immune, and microbial pathways. In vitro, CPE reduced nitric oxide production and suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In pituitary GH3 cells stimulated with estradiol, CPE inhibited prolactin secretion. In a metoclopramide (MCP)-induced hyperprolactinemia mouse model, CPE decreased serum prolactin, PGE2, and inflammatory cytokines, while increasing PGE1 and FSH levels. Microbiome analysis showed that CPE enriched beneficial genera such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and reduced pro-inflammatory taxa including Oscillibacter and Desulfovibrionaceae. These microbial shifts were associated with improved inflammatory and hormonal markers. Overall, these findings suggest that CPE alleviates PMS symptoms by modulating endocrine function and regulating gut microbiota.

Lariciresinol (LR) and secoisolariciresinol (SLR), phytochemicals found in pine bark and flaxseed, are known for their anticancer effects, risk reduction of cardiovascular disease, hormone regulation, and antioxidant activities. However, researches on their effects on skeletal muscle function are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of LR and SLR in promoting muscle hypertrophy and mitochondrial function in C2C12 mouse-derived myoblasts. LR and SLR were found to enhance myogenic differentiation as indicated by increased fusion index via myotube immunostaining and upregulation of MHC-Myogenin expression. These effects are caused by upregulated Akt phosphorylation, which is associated with protein synthesis pathways. In addition, LR and SLR supplementation led to increased mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced mitochondrial function through upregulation of PGC-1α/SIRT1. These findings indicate that LR and SLR supplementation promotes muscle development and suggests potential for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

This study aimed to characterize and assess the immunomodulatory capability of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) isolated from Lacticaseibacillus casei AP and AG. In a batch fermentation model, L. casei AP produced 48 mg/L EPSs, whereas L. casei AG produced 62 mg/L EPSs. The percentages of total carbohydrates in EPSs from L. casei AP and L. casei AG were 79.40 and 81.17%, respectively. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed the presence of ribose and glucose in EPSs produced by both strains. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amide groups. EPS microstructures showed coarse surfaces, with the main constituents being C, N, O, and Ca. In addition, P was present in the EPSs produced by L. casei AP but absent in the EPSs produced by L. casei AG. After grown on standard MRS medium, the EPSs isolated from L. casei AP and L. casei AG exhibited different immunomodulatory activities. These EPSs effectively increased the phagocytic and nitride oxide production of RAW 264.7 cells without toxic effects at concentrations between 50 and 800 μg/mL, suggesting that these strains are interesting producers of EPSs, which could be used in various potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.