Food Science and Biotechnology最新文献

A variety of variables influence food texture, two of which are gelation and emulsification. Protein interactions have an important role in influencing gelation and emulsifying properties. The utilization of plant proteins in the development of food systems is a prominent subject within the current protein transition paradigm. Plant proteins diminish gel strength compared to dairy proteins. Protein providers prefer to create their own networks rather than rely on tight ties. It may be feasible to resolve these challenges if the interactions between plant and dairy proteins are known at all sizes, from molecular to macroscopic. Therefore, the proteins and dairy proteins are the main emphasis of this review. The role of these proteins in interacting with food matrices is also discussed. Additionally, this data gives information on worldwide research trends. Finally, a glimpse into the future was discussed.

In this study, Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) roots were solvent fractioned, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated. The antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS radicals, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) was the highest in the ethyl acetate fraction (CREE) at 26.74, 69.81, 253.23, and 54.77 mg TEAC/g, respectively. The inflammatory responses were evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (1 µg/mL). CREE decreased nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 by 53.37% and 16.30%, respectively. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were inhibited by 36.85%, 62.99%, and 54.78%, respectively. Furthermore, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and interleukin-6 genes were inhibited by 43.38%, 24.23%, and 80.85%, respectively. The results suggest that CREE is responsible for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Carbohydrates, which are a vital dietary component, undergo digestion and gut fermentation through microbial enzymes to produce beneficial short-chain fatty acids. Certain carbohydrates selectively modulate the gut microbiota, impacting host health. Carbohydrate-active enzymes within the gut microbiota significantly contribute to carbohydrate utilization and microbial diversity. Despite their importance, the structural complexity of carbohydrates poses analytical challenges. However, recent advancements, notably, mass spectrometry, have allowed for their characterization and functional analysis. This review examines the intricate relationship between dietary carbohydrates and the gut microbiota, highlighting the crucial role of advanced analytical techniques in understanding their diversity and implications. These advancements provide valuable insights into carbohydrate bioactivity. Integrating high-throughput analysis with next-generation sequencing provides deeper insights into gut microbial interactions, potentially revealing which carbohydrate structures are beneficial for gut health.

Lipids are crucial for human health and reproduction and include diverse fatty acids (FAs), notably polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) and short-chain FAs (SCFAs) that are known for their health benefits. Bioactivities of PUFAs, including ω-6 and ω-3 FAs as well as SCFAs, have been widely studied in various tissues and diseases. Epigenetic regulation has been suggested as a significant mechanism affecting the progression of various diseases, including cancers and metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Epigenetics encompasses the reversible modulation of gene expression without altering the DNA sequence itself, mediated by mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and chromatin remodeling. Bioactive FAs have been demonstrated to regulate gene expression via epigenetic modifications that are potentially important for modulating metabolic control and disease risk. This review paper discusses the evidence in support of bioactive FAs, including ω-6 and ω-3 FAs and SCFAs, eliciting various disease prevention via epigenetic regulation including methylation or acetylation.

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Corydalis heterocarpa is an edible halophyte and an ingredient in traditional Korean medicine. In the present study, isopimpinellin (IPN), a bioactive coumarin, was isolated from the medicinal halophyte C. heterocarpa, and the effects of IPN against UVA-induced photoaging were investigated in human dermal fibroblasts. Photoaging is a skin disorder that manifests itself as premature skin aging due to chronic exposure to UV radiation. The symptoms of photoaging mainly arise from degraded skin connective tissue produced by overly expressed matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). IPN treatment decreased the UVA-induced formation of reactive oxygen species and decreased MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 collagenases at the protein level. The UVA-mediated suppression of tissue inhibitors of MMP-1 and -2 was attenuated with IPN. The presence of 10 μM IPN inhibited the MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of c-Fos and c-Jun. In conclusion, the overall result of the current study indicated that IPN inhibited the UVA-induced overexpression of MMPs via blocking the MAPK/AP-1 pathway.