Pub Date : 2016-09-02DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89019
R. Mejri, T. Aguili
The skin effect is an electromagnetic phenomenon that makes the current flows only on the surface of the conductors at high frequency. This article is based on the phenomenon to model a structure made in coplanar technology. In reality, these types of structures integrated metal layers of different thickness of copper (9 μm, 18 μm, 35 μm, 70 μm). The neglect of this parameter introduces errors, sometimes significant, in the numerical calculations. This is why an iterative method (FWCIP) based on the wave concept was restated. Validation of results was carried out by comparison with those calculated by Ansoft HFSS software and Agilent ADS Technology. They show a good matching.
{"title":"New Formulation of the Mulilayer Iterative Method: Application to Coplanar Lines with Thick Conductor","authors":"R. Mejri, T. Aguili","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89019","url":null,"abstract":"The skin effect is an electromagnetic phenomenon that makes the current flows only on the surface of the conductors at high frequency. This article is based on the phenomenon to model a structure made in coplanar technology. In reality, these types of structures integrated metal layers of different thickness of copper (9 μm, 18 μm, 35 μm, 70 μm). The neglect of this parameter introduces errors, sometimes significant, in the numerical calculations. This is why an iterative method (FWCIP) based on the wave concept was restated. Validation of results was carried out by comparison with those calculated by Ansoft HFSS software and Agilent ADS Technology. They show a good matching.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-02DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89016
H. Messaoudi, A. Mourad, T. Aguili
A theoretical and modulation study of a dipole antenna located in rectangular waveguide is presented. The aim is to determine the nature and dimensions which allow us to attain the simulations in free space. We compare the behavior of a dipole antenna modeled by MOM-GEC with those obtained in free space. A method of moment (MoM) approach combined to the generalized equivalent circuit (GEC) modeling is applied to compute the input impedance of a dipole antenna resonating at 1.8 GHz. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the wall effects on the antenna performances. Also we study the convergence of the input impedance as a function of test function number. The current values with integral method (MOM) are compared with the computed values obtained from numerical methods such as the combined MOM-GEC. The simulated values agree with values obtained from numerical methods.
{"title":"Electromagnetic Modulation of Dipole Antenna inside an Infinite Rectangular Waveguide Using MoM-GEC","authors":"H. Messaoudi, A. Mourad, T. Aguili","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89016","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical and modulation study of a dipole antenna located in rectangular waveguide is presented. The aim is to determine the nature and dimensions which allow us to attain the simulations in free space. We compare the behavior of a dipole antenna modeled by MOM-GEC with those obtained in free space. A method of moment (MoM) approach combined to the generalized equivalent circuit (GEC) modeling is applied to compute the input impedance of a dipole antenna resonating at 1.8 GHz. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the wall effects on the antenna performances. Also we study the convergence of the input impedance as a function of test function number. The current values with integral method (MOM) are compared with the computed values obtained from numerical methods such as the combined MOM-GEC. The simulated values agree with values obtained from numerical methods.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-02DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89018
Leif Siesing, K. Frogner, T. Cedell, M. Andersson
The complex interaction between material properties in an induction heating circuit was studied by multi physics simulation and by experimental verification in a full-scale laboratory heater. The work aims to illustrate the complexity of the system of interacting materials, but also to propose a method to verify properties of soft magnetic composite materials in an integrated system and to identify which properties are the most critical under different circumstances and load cases. Heat losses at different loads were primarily studied, from DC currents to AC currents at 15, 20 and 25 kHz, respectively. A FE model for magnetic simulation was correlated with a corresponding model for heat simulation. The numerical model, as well as the established input material data, could be verified through the experimental measurements. In this particular study, the current loss in the litz wire was the dominant heat source, thus making the thermal conductivity of the SMC the most important property in this material.
{"title":"Investigation of Thermal Losses in a Soft Magnetic Composite Using Multiphysics Modelling and Coupled Material Properties in an Induction Heating Cell","authors":"Leif Siesing, K. Frogner, T. Cedell, M. Andersson","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89018","url":null,"abstract":"The complex interaction between material properties in an induction heating circuit was studied by multi physics simulation and by experimental verification in a full-scale laboratory heater. The work aims to illustrate the complexity of the system of interacting materials, but also to propose a method to verify properties of soft magnetic composite materials in an integrated system and to identify which properties are the most critical under different circumstances and load cases. Heat losses at different loads were primarily studied, from DC currents to AC currents at 15, 20 and 25 kHz, respectively. A FE model for magnetic simulation was correlated with a corresponding model for heat simulation. The numerical model, as well as the established input material data, could be verified through the experimental measurements. In this particular study, the current loss in the litz wire was the dominant heat source, thus making the thermal conductivity of the SMC the most important property in this material.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-02DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89017
Y. Kokubo, T. Kawai
Typical metallic waveguide mode converters convert electromagnetic waves from one mode to another mode for some frequency ranges. However, most electromagnetic waves outside of the specified frequency range are reflected. We report a design for a mode converter which passes the TE10 mode at a low frequency range and efficiently converts the TE10 mode to the TE20 mode at a high frequency range. To gradually shift the mode profile from TE10 to TE20, dielectric rods are placed in a sequence along the waveguide starting near the sidewall and moving to the center of the waveguide with decreasing radius of the rods. This design reduces reflection of electromagnetic waves. Experimental tests demonstrate the efficacy of the design.
{"title":"Experiment of Frequency Range Dependent TE10 to TE20 Mode Converter","authors":"Y. Kokubo, T. Kawai","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.89017","url":null,"abstract":"Typical metallic waveguide mode converters convert electromagnetic waves from one mode to another mode for some frequency ranges. However, most electromagnetic waves outside of the specified frequency range are reflected. We report a design for a mode converter which passes the TE10 mode at a low frequency range and efficiently converts the TE10 mode to the TE20 mode at a high frequency range. To gradually shift the mode profile from TE10 to TE20, dielectric rods are placed in a sequence along the waveguide starting near the sidewall and moving to the center of the waveguide with decreasing radius of the rods. This design reduces reflection of electromagnetic waves. Experimental tests demonstrate the efficacy of the design.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-23DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.88014
J. Borovsky
The motional electric field of the solar wind as seen by the Earth is examined theoretically and with spacecraft measurements. As it flows outward from the sun, the solar-wind plasma carries a spatially structured magnetic field with it. To calculate the motional electric field of the solar wind the spatially structured magnetic field is Lorentz transformed; for a full physical understanding, it is also necessary to Lorentz transform the current densities and charge densities in the solar wind. Referring to Maxwell’s equations, two related questions are asked: 1) Is the source of the solar-wind motional electric field charge density in the solar wind, time derivatives of current densities in the solar wind, or both? 2) Is the solar-wind motional electric field at Earth an electrostatic field, an induction field, or a superposition of the two? A Helmholtz decomposition of the motional electric field of the solar wind is made into a divergence-origin (electrostatic) and a curl-origin (induction) electric field. The global electric field associated with the outward advection of the global Parker-spiral magnetic field is found to be electrostatic with its origin being a distributed charge density in the solar-wind plasma. The electrostatic versus induction nature of the time-varying electric field associated with the advection of mesoscale magnetic structure varies with time as differently shaped magnetic structures in the solar-wind plasma pass the Earth; the mesoscale structure of the solar-wind plasma contains sheets of space charge and sheets wherein the current density has nonzero time derivatives.
{"title":"Relativity and the Solar Wind: The Maxwell-Equation Origins of the Solar-Wind Motional Electric Field","authors":"J. Borovsky","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.88014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.88014","url":null,"abstract":"The motional electric field of the solar wind as seen by the Earth is examined theoretically and with spacecraft measurements. As it flows outward from the sun, the solar-wind plasma carries a spatially structured magnetic field with it. To calculate the motional electric field of the solar wind the spatially structured magnetic field is Lorentz transformed; for a full physical understanding, it is also necessary to Lorentz transform the current densities and charge densities in the solar wind. Referring to Maxwell’s equations, two related questions are asked: 1) Is the source of the solar-wind motional electric field charge density in the solar wind, time derivatives of current densities in the solar wind, or both? 2) Is the solar-wind motional electric field at Earth an electrostatic field, an induction field, or a superposition of the two? A Helmholtz decomposition of the motional electric field of the solar wind is made into a divergence-origin (electrostatic) and a curl-origin (induction) electric field. The global electric field associated with the outward advection of the global Parker-spiral magnetic field is found to be electrostatic with its origin being a distributed charge density in the solar-wind plasma. The electrostatic versus induction nature of the time-varying electric field associated with the advection of mesoscale magnetic structure varies with time as differently shaped magnetic structures in the solar-wind plasma pass the Earth; the mesoscale structure of the solar-wind plasma contains sheets of space charge and sheets wherein the current density has nonzero time derivatives.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-23DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.88015
Lin Yin, Changshui Wu
In this paper, the mathematical model of solenoid valve in the fuel injection system of gas engine is built. Simulation software Matlab/Simulink are employed to analyze the impact which the voltage, number of the coil turns and air gap width may produce to the open and close characteristics of the solenoid valve. The ideal response characteristics are got through the calculation. An optimal scheme which satisfies the operation requirements is put forward. The driving voltage and maintaining voltage are set as 90 V and 21 V; number of the coil turns is 30 N; air gap is determined as 0.6 mm; the opening and closing time are respectively 0.98 ms and 0.8 ms. This paper can be used as a reference for the design of the solenoid valve.
{"title":"The Characteristic Analysis of the Electromagnetic Valve in Opening and Closing Process for the Gas Injection System","authors":"Lin Yin, Changshui Wu","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.88015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.88015","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the mathematical model of solenoid valve in the fuel injection system of gas engine is built. Simulation software Matlab/Simulink are employed to analyze the impact which the voltage, number of the coil turns and air gap width may produce to the open and close characteristics of the solenoid valve. The ideal response characteristics are got through the calculation. An optimal scheme which satisfies the operation requirements is put forward. The driving voltage and maintaining voltage are set as 90 V and 21 V; number of the coil turns is 30 N; air gap is determined as 0.6 mm; the opening and closing time are respectively 0.98 ms and 0.8 ms. This paper can be used as a reference for the design of the solenoid valve.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-21DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.87013
Douglas Letsholathebe, Kgakgamatso Marvel Mphale, S. Chimidza, M. Heron
Large fires have an effect of suppressing Very or Ultra High Frequency (VHF/UHF) radio wave signals strength which consequently impact negatively on the efficiency of radio communications at the frequency ranges. Mobile hand-held radio operating at the frequency ranges is a major communication tool during fire suppression; therefore inefficient radio communication systems put lives of fire fighters at risk. One of the causes of signal attenuation in fire environment is plume ionization. Plume species which include graphitic carbon, alkalis and thermally excited radicals such as methyl are responsible for ionization. As atmospheric pressure ionized medium (combustion plasma), sugarcane fire has momentum transfer electron-neutral collision frequency much higher than plasma frequency, hence propagation of VHF/UHF radio waves through such a medium is predicted to suffer a significant attenuation and phase shift. Radiowave propagation measurements were carried out in a moderate intensity prescribed sugarcane fire at 151 MHz frequency over a 590 m path using a radiowave interferometer. The radio wave interferometer measured signal attenuation of 0.43 dB through the fire with maximum temperature and flame depth of 1154 K and 8.7 m, respectively.
{"title":"Radio Wave Propagation Experiment in Sugarcane Fire Environments","authors":"Douglas Letsholathebe, Kgakgamatso Marvel Mphale, S. Chimidza, M. Heron","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.87013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.87013","url":null,"abstract":"Large fires have an effect of suppressing Very or Ultra High Frequency \u0000(VHF/UHF) radio wave signals strength which consequently impact negatively on \u0000the efficiency of radio communications at the frequency ranges. Mobile \u0000hand-held radio operating at the frequency ranges is a major communication tool \u0000during fire suppression; therefore inefficient radio communication systems put \u0000lives of fire fighters at risk. One of the causes of signal attenuation in fire \u0000environment is plume ionization. Plume species which include graphitic carbon, \u0000alkalis and thermally excited radicals such as methyl are responsible for \u0000ionization. As atmospheric pressure ionized medium (combustion plasma), \u0000sugarcane fire has momentum transfer electron-neutral collision frequency much \u0000higher than plasma frequency, hence propagation of VHF/UHF radio waves through \u0000such a medium is predicted to suffer a significant attenuation and phase shift. \u0000Radiowave propagation measurements were carried out in a moderate intensity \u0000prescribed sugarcane fire at 151 MHz frequency over a 590 m path using a \u0000radiowave interferometer. The radio wave interferometer measured signal \u0000attenuation of 0.43 dB through the fire with maximum temperature and flame depth \u0000of 1154 K and 8.7 m, respectively.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-21DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.87012
G. Gerardi, A. Ninno, V. Ferrari, S. Mazzariol, D. Bernardini, S. Segato
The present study is aimed to test whether exposure to electromagnetic fields of very weak intensity (≤1 mT) and low frequency (≤100 Hz) may influence reproductive performance and induce teratogenesis in mice. We speculate that a resonant effect occur when the applied frequency matches the cyclotron frequency of Mg2+ (≈60 Hz) involved in the cell duplication. Four groups of mice (four dams and one male each) were exposed to ?50 μT electromagnetic field continuous irradiation of for 100 days. A control group (four dams and one male) was also examined. The exposed dams exhibited a significantly lower number of offspring per birth than the control ones (11.0 vs. 11.6; P = 0.006). A significantly lower average daily gain of body weight per mouse was observed (0.74 vs. 0.77 g/d; P = 0.002), resulting in a reduction of the average body weight per nest at 11 days of age (404 vs. 463 g; P = 0.048). Post mortem examinations revealed a significant increase in mild chronic hepatic inflammatory findings (28 vs. 0%; P = 0.001) in the offspring and myocardial hypertrophy (25 vs. 0%; P = 0.023) in the dams. The exposure of mice to an electromagnetic field with the cyclotron frequency of Mg2+ during pregnancy caused a measurable effect on the reproductive performance in terms of offspring per birth. This finding may be considered as a warning about the environmental effects of the electromagnetic fields on the stability of individual species and ecosystems.
{"title":"The Effect of Electromagnetic Fields with the Mg 2+ Cyclotron Frequency on Mouse Reproductive Performance","authors":"G. Gerardi, A. Ninno, V. Ferrari, S. Mazzariol, D. Bernardini, S. Segato","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.87012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.87012","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is aimed to test whether exposure to electromagnetic fields of very weak intensity (≤1 mT) and low frequency (≤100 Hz) may influence reproductive performance and induce teratogenesis in mice. We speculate that a resonant effect occur when the applied frequency matches the cyclotron frequency of Mg2+ (≈60 Hz) involved in the cell duplication. Four groups of mice (four dams and one male each) were exposed to ?50 μT electromagnetic field continuous irradiation of for 100 days. A control group (four dams and one male) was also examined. The exposed dams exhibited a significantly lower number of offspring per birth than the control ones (11.0 vs. 11.6; P = 0.006). A significantly lower average daily gain of body weight per mouse was observed (0.74 vs. 0.77 g/d; P = 0.002), resulting in a reduction of the average body weight per nest at 11 days of age (404 vs. 463 g; P = 0.048). Post mortem examinations revealed a significant increase in mild chronic hepatic inflammatory findings (28 vs. 0%; P = 0.001) in the offspring and myocardial hypertrophy (25 vs. 0%; P = 0.023) in the dams. The exposure of mice to an electromagnetic field with the cyclotron frequency of Mg2+ during pregnancy caused a measurable effect on the reproductive performance in terms of offspring per birth. This finding may be considered as a warning about the environmental effects of the electromagnetic fields on the stability of individual species and ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-17DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.86011
Yongxin Liu, Songjie Luo, J. Puri, Zenghui Gao
Utilizing the Young’s double slits and Mach-Zehnder interferometer, we proposed an experimental method to measure the generalized Stokes parameters of a radially polarized random electromagnetic beam. After the partially coherent beam propagating through the Young’s double slits, the interference fringe is obtained by the help of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer consisting of apertures, quarter-wave plates and polarizers. The electric cross-spectral density matrix is detected by the coherence degree of interference fringe and the density of each single slit. The generalized Stokes parameters can be obtained from the electric cross-spectral density matrix. This experiment measures the generalized Stokes parameters of the random electromagnetic beam successfully. The results show that the spectral degree of coherence for copolarized cases (xx and yy) is similar with that for cross-polaried cases (xy and yx) for the radially polarized random electromagnetic beam. This method will help us determine the change of the polarization and coherence of the light in propagation by detecting the change of the generalized Stokes parameters.
{"title":"Experimental Measurement of the Generalized Stokes Parameters of a Radially Polarized Random Electromagnetic Beam","authors":"Yongxin Liu, Songjie Luo, J. Puri, Zenghui Gao","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.86011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.86011","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing the Young’s double slits and Mach-Zehnder interferometer, we proposed an experimental method to measure the generalized Stokes parameters of a radially polarized random electromagnetic beam. After the partially coherent beam propagating through the Young’s double slits, the interference fringe is obtained by the help of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer consisting of apertures, quarter-wave plates and polarizers. The electric cross-spectral density matrix is detected by the coherence degree of interference fringe and the density of each single slit. The generalized Stokes parameters can be obtained from the electric cross-spectral density matrix. This experiment measures the generalized Stokes parameters of the random electromagnetic beam successfully. The results show that the spectral degree of coherence for copolarized cases (xx and yy) is similar with that for cross-polaried cases (xy and yx) for the radially polarized random electromagnetic beam. This method will help us determine the change of the polarization and coherence of the light in propagation by detecting the change of the generalized Stokes parameters.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-30DOI: 10.4236/JEMAA.2016.85010
R. Mejri, T. Aguili
In this work, we applied two electromagnetic models for the characterization of a planar structure including a flat, thick copper conductor. Indeed the first model is consisted by modeling two metal ribbons without bulkiness, placed one above the other at a distance of h2 equal to the thickness of the thick conductor. This approach has been implemented and tested by the iterative method. The results of simulations have been compared with those calculated by the Ansoft HFSS software, and they are in good concordance, validating the method of analysis used. The second model is based on the calculation of the effective permittivity of the medium containing the thick conductor. This medium consists of a metallic region of complex relative permittivity , the rest of this medium is filled with air er2 = 1. The effective permittivity eeff calculated from these two relative permittivity er2 and . Comparing the simulation results of this new formulation of the iterative method with those calculated by the software Ansoft HFSS shows that they are in good matching which validates the second model.
{"title":"A New Approach Based on Iterative Method for the Characterization of a Micro-Strip Line with Thick Copper Conductor","authors":"R. Mejri, T. Aguili","doi":"10.4236/JEMAA.2016.85010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JEMAA.2016.85010","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we applied two electromagnetic models for the characterization \u0000of a planar structure including a flat, thick copper conductor. Indeed the first \u0000model is consisted by modeling two metal ribbons without bulkiness, placed one above \u0000the other at a distance of h2 equal to the thickness of the thick conductor. This approach has been implemented \u0000and tested by the iterative method. The results of simulations have been \u0000compared with those calculated by the Ansoft HFSS software, and they are in \u0000good concordance, validating the method of analysis used. The second model is based \u0000on the calculation of the effective permittivity of the medium containing the thick \u0000conductor. This medium consists of a metallic region of complex relative permittivity , the rest of this medium \u0000is filled with air er2 = 1. The effective permittivity eeff calculated from these two relative permittivity er2 and . Comparing the simulation \u0000results of this new formulation of the iterative method with those calculated by \u0000the software Ansoft HFSS shows that they are in good matching which validates the \u0000second model.","PeriodicalId":58231,"journal":{"name":"电磁分析与应用期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70292707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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