Pub Date : 2020-11-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.004
G. Wafula, M. Tole, N. Dharani, Stanley W. Nadir
: Information about effectiveness of a wastewater treatment plant is vital in ensuring the quality of water discharged into water bodies and the environment in general meet set standards. In this study, the performance of a wastewater treatment plant located at the Export Processing Zone (EPZ) along River Athi in Machakos County, Kenya was assessed because the final effluent from the treatment plant is released into the river where water is used downstream. Effectiveness of the plant was assessed through the reduction percentage of pollutants between influent and effluent during the dry and wet seasons. Samples of water were collected from the following points i.e. inlet, outflow pool, outlet and along the river. The samples were analyzed for heavy metals , Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), organic nitrogen, phosphate, color, temperature, pH, and total coliforms. The resulting data was compared with the established standards. Standard methodologies of laboratory analysis were employed as per Kenyan regulations of 2006 on waste water treatment and discharge. From the results, the waste water treatment plant was not effective in reducing nitrates, phosphates, TDS, TSS, color, and heavy metals i.e. mercury, lead, selenium, copper and cadmium. The inefficiency was more pronounced in rain season. Nitrates (-2.04%), phosphates (-66%), mercury (-48%), lead (-48%), selenium (-2.29%) and copper (-9.75%) were high in the effluent after treatment process during the rains than in the influent. However, the treatment plant was effective in reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). Some parameters like pH, conductivity, temperature, color and TSS were within allowable values described by Kenyan and International standards for effluent discharge into public waters. The study recommends expansion or re-designing of the treatment plant and better monitoring of the sources or types of wastewaters received at the plant for efficient and proper treatment process. Further research required on the seasonal fluctuation of pollutants along River Athi to reduce pollution of the waters. This should be coupled with studying the role of river gradient in self-cleansing of the pollutants.
{"title":"Effectiveness of a Wastewater Treatment Plant located at EPZ in reducing Pollutants Discharged into River Athi, Kenya","authors":"G. Wafula, M. Tole, N. Dharani, Stanley W. Nadir","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.004","url":null,"abstract":": Information about effectiveness of a wastewater treatment plant is vital in ensuring the quality of water discharged into water bodies and the environment in general meet set standards. In this study, the performance of a wastewater treatment plant located at the Export Processing Zone (EPZ) along River Athi in Machakos County, Kenya was assessed because the final effluent from the treatment plant is released into the river where water is used downstream. Effectiveness of the plant was assessed through the reduction percentage of pollutants between influent and effluent during the dry and wet seasons. Samples of water were collected from the following points i.e. inlet, outflow pool, outlet and along the river. The samples were analyzed for heavy metals , Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), organic nitrogen, phosphate, color, temperature, pH, and total coliforms. The resulting data was compared with the established standards. Standard methodologies of laboratory analysis were employed as per Kenyan regulations of 2006 on waste water treatment and discharge. From the results, the waste water treatment plant was not effective in reducing nitrates, phosphates, TDS, TSS, color, and heavy metals i.e. mercury, lead, selenium, copper and cadmium. The inefficiency was more pronounced in rain season. Nitrates (-2.04%), phosphates (-66%), mercury (-48%), lead (-48%), selenium (-2.29%) and copper (-9.75%) were high in the effluent after treatment process during the rains than in the influent. However, the treatment plant was effective in reducing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). Some parameters like pH, conductivity, temperature, color and TSS were within allowable values described by Kenyan and International standards for effluent discharge into public waters. The study recommends expansion or re-designing of the treatment plant and better monitoring of the sources or types of wastewaters received at the plant for efficient and proper treatment process. Further research required on the seasonal fluctuation of pollutants along River Athi to reduce pollution of the waters. This should be coupled with studying the role of river gradient in self-cleansing of the pollutants.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42636203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.002
Lyhour Hin, B. Buntong, M. Reyes, L. Hok, L. Lor, H. Clemmons, T. Kornecki
: Vegetables are vital for human health and are consumed five days a week in Cambodia. However, the production cannot meet domestic demands due to labor-intensive farming and production costs related to soil tillage. Mechanization is needed along with soil quality and sustainability improvements by the adoption of CA (Conservation Agriculture). The research aimed to compare the performance of the no-till vegetable transplanter with punch-planter in CA and hand transplanting in CT (Conventional Tillage). The study was conducted at the Royal University of Agriculture, Cambodia, starting from January to September 2020, by firstly growing sunn hemp as a cover crop and then transplanting Thai round eggplant. A randomized complete block design was used with three treatments, replicated three times. Each plot was 2 m by 15 m, with 0.2-m row spacing. The results showed that the transplanter speed was 0.54 km (cid:120) h -1 , almost two times the speed of punch planter and 9 times the speed of hand transplanting. The highest working capacity was also achieved with the transplanter. However, different transplanting did not affect plant spacing, or plant density. Plant spacing was 1 m, and plant density varied from 10,300 to 11,500 plants (cid:120) ha -1 . Plant growth and yield were also not influenced by the transplanter in CA, or hand transplanting in CT. Average fruit diameter, fruit weight, fruit number, and yield were 38 mm, 31.4 g (cid:120) fruit -1 , 15.7 fruits (cid:120) plant -1 and 3.9 t (cid:120) ha -1 , respectively. The maximum working area of the transplanter and its break-even area were 25.2 ha (cid:120) y -1 and 18.3 ha (cid:120) y -1 , respectively. Using the no-till transplanter may save both time and labor, but its use in combination with CA was unlikely to affect plant growth and yield in the short term.
{"title":"Performance of a No-Till Vegetable Transplanter for Transplanting Thai Round Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in Conservation Agriculture","authors":"Lyhour Hin, B. Buntong, M. Reyes, L. Hok, L. Lor, H. Clemmons, T. Kornecki","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.002","url":null,"abstract":": Vegetables are vital for human health and are consumed five days a week in Cambodia. However, the production cannot meet domestic demands due to labor-intensive farming and production costs related to soil tillage. Mechanization is needed along with soil quality and sustainability improvements by the adoption of CA (Conservation Agriculture). The research aimed to compare the performance of the no-till vegetable transplanter with punch-planter in CA and hand transplanting in CT (Conventional Tillage). The study was conducted at the Royal University of Agriculture, Cambodia, starting from January to September 2020, by firstly growing sunn hemp as a cover crop and then transplanting Thai round eggplant. A randomized complete block design was used with three treatments, replicated three times. Each plot was 2 m by 15 m, with 0.2-m row spacing. The results showed that the transplanter speed was 0.54 km (cid:120) h -1 , almost two times the speed of punch planter and 9 times the speed of hand transplanting. The highest working capacity was also achieved with the transplanter. However, different transplanting did not affect plant spacing, or plant density. Plant spacing was 1 m, and plant density varied from 10,300 to 11,500 plants (cid:120) ha -1 . Plant growth and yield were also not influenced by the transplanter in CA, or hand transplanting in CT. Average fruit diameter, fruit weight, fruit number, and yield were 38 mm, 31.4 g (cid:120) fruit -1 , 15.7 fruits (cid:120) plant -1 and 3.9 t (cid:120) ha -1 , respectively. The maximum working area of the transplanter and its break-even area were 25.2 ha (cid:120) y -1 and 18.3 ha (cid:120) y -1 , respectively. Using the no-till transplanter may save both time and labor, but its use in combination with CA was unlikely to affect plant growth and yield in the short term.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42360292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.005
O. Kopsidas
Environmental standards, as independent/explanatory variables of C21 capital costing functions, may refer to parts of space that we want to control in order to protect subsystems that are particularly sensitive and/or importance. In these cases, we need a quantitative relationship that links the environmental characteristics of the source of pollution to those of the reference/control points. In this article we will identify the capital cost functions C21 = f (Sf), where Sf is a spatially distributed parameter (e.g. BOD), characteristic of an environmental model.
环境标准，作为C21资本成本函数的独立/解释变量，可能是指我们想要控制的空间部分，以保护特别敏感和/或重要的子系统。在这些情况下，我们需要一种数量关系，将污染源的环境特征与参考/控制点的环境特征联系起来。在本文中，我们将确定资本成本函数C21 = f (Sf)，其中Sf是一个空间分布参数(例如BOD)，是环境模型的特征。
{"title":"The Law of Diminishing Returns in Determining the Environmental Cost of Mining in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea","authors":"O. Kopsidas","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental standards, as independent/explanatory variables of C21 capital costing functions, may refer to parts of space that we want to control in order to protect subsystems that are particularly sensitive and/or importance. In these cases, we need a quantitative relationship that links the environmental characteristics of the source of pollution to those of the reference/control points. In this article we will identify the capital cost functions C21 = f (Sf), where Sf is a spatially distributed parameter (e.g. BOD), characteristic of an environmental model.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48982548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.006
M. Rashidi
: This research was conducted to study the effect of different heating systems in cucumber production greenhouses in Varamin region, Tehran province, Iran on crop yield, volume and cost of gas consumed. Three types of conventional heating systems, namely the central heating system (including boiler + hot water pipes), gas heater system (including double-walled tank + blower) and traditional furnace system (including ignition chamber + torch + pipes carrying a mixture of hot air and flammable gases) were studied during two consecutive periods of greenhouse cucumber cultivation in the cold season (from January to June), and average values of crop yield, volume and cost of gas consumed were determined separately. Results of the study indicated that the central heating system with the highest crop yield (295 t ha -1 ), and the lowest volume (100,000 m 3 ha -1 ) and cost (210,000,000 Rials ha -1 ) of gas consumed was the best and most suitable heating system for greenhouses producing cucumbers in Varamin region and other regions with the same and similar climate as well as regions with active greenhouses in
{"title":"Effect of Different Heating Systems in Cucumber Production Greenhouses in Varamin Region on Crop Yield, Volume and Cost of Gas Consumed","authors":"M. Rashidi","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.006","url":null,"abstract":": This research was conducted to study the effect of different heating systems in cucumber production greenhouses in Varamin region, Tehran province, Iran on crop yield, volume and cost of gas consumed. Three types of conventional heating systems, namely the central heating system (including boiler + hot water pipes), gas heater system (including double-walled tank + blower) and traditional furnace system (including ignition chamber + torch + pipes carrying a mixture of hot air and flammable gases) were studied during two consecutive periods of greenhouse cucumber cultivation in the cold season (from January to June), and average values of crop yield, volume and cost of gas consumed were determined separately. Results of the study indicated that the central heating system with the highest crop yield (295 t ha -1 ), and the lowest volume (100,000 m 3 ha -1 ) and cost (210,000,000 Rials ha -1 ) of gas consumed was the best and most suitable heating system for greenhouses producing cucumbers in Varamin region and other regions with the same and similar climate as well as regions with active greenhouses in","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48720776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.001
N. Ghaleb
Groundwater is one of the most important water resources in the world. The groundwater is characterized by relatively stable chemical composition, contains little or no bacteria, and is free from colour, turbidity and suspended solids. However, ground water often contains high concentrations of dissolved iron, manganese and other minerals from the ground layers through which the water has passed. The paper deals with the quality assessment of groundwater in Mahra Governorate, Republic of Yemen and the sustainable management of water resources. Two samples of groundwater were collected from two different wells surface located in Qashen Directorate in Mahra governorate. The analyzed parameters are pH, conductivity, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), turbidity, total alkalinity, T. Hardness, nitrate, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sodium, florides, iron, manganese, sulfate, phosphate, ammonia, sulfide total coliforms, fecal coliforms. The obtained results showed high concentration of total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, TDSs, EC (Electrical Conductivity), total coliform and fecal coliforms bacteria more than the Yemeni standards, which could be a result of using cesspits in the studied area by the residents. Hence, a construction of wastewater collection systems and wastewater treatment plant has to be built urgently to avoid water pollution in the studied area.
{"title":"Quality Assessment of Groundwater in Mahra, Republic of Yemen","authors":"N. Ghaleb","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is one of the most important water resources in the world. The groundwater is characterized by relatively stable chemical composition, contains little or no bacteria, and is free from colour, turbidity and suspended solids. However, ground water often contains high concentrations of dissolved iron, manganese and other minerals from the ground layers through which the water has passed. The paper deals with the quality assessment of groundwater in Mahra Governorate, Republic of Yemen and the sustainable management of water resources. Two samples of groundwater were collected from two different wells surface located in Qashen Directorate in Mahra governorate. The analyzed parameters are pH, conductivity, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), turbidity, total alkalinity, T. Hardness, nitrate, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sodium, florides, iron, manganese, sulfate, phosphate, ammonia, sulfide total coliforms, fecal coliforms. The obtained results showed high concentration of total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, TDSs, EC (Electrical Conductivity), total coliform and fecal coliforms bacteria more than the Yemeni standards, which could be a result of using cesspits in the studied area by the residents. Hence, a construction of wastewater collection systems and wastewater treatment plant has to be built urgently to avoid water pollution in the studied area.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49092338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.001
O. Kopsidas
: A detailed study regarding the optimization of a complete system for the purification of water waste is presented. Three main concerns are addressed: the nature of the absorbing material, the efficiency dependence on scale and the management of the final waste of the assembly. These three points have to be optimized in the best acceptable way from an environmental point of view. Subsequently, the wet filling material, comprised of the absorbent and the absorbed dye, was buried in dry soil, promoting soil bacterial and fungal growth. The absorbance of CO 2 was determined. The use of natural vegetative material as absorbents of chemical dyes in industrial water waste is an environmentally friendly solution. Combination with the utilization of the final solid waste as fertilizer is an optimum solution, promoting sustainability within an industrial ecology framework. The adsorption column scale-up studied herein, for the removal of basic dyes from wastewaters, using methylene blue as a representative adsorbate and barley straw as a representative waste biomass adsorbent, was successful, as regards consistency and reliability (judged by low absolute and relative standard deviation) of results.
{"title":"A Three-Stage, Completely Sustainable Process Addressing Industrial Water Waste Treatment Management: The Case of the Sorption of Methylene Blue in Column Experiments","authors":"O. Kopsidas","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.001","url":null,"abstract":": A detailed study regarding the optimization of a complete system for the purification of water waste is presented. Three main concerns are addressed: the nature of the absorbing material, the efficiency dependence on scale and the management of the final waste of the assembly. These three points have to be optimized in the best acceptable way from an environmental point of view. Subsequently, the wet filling material, comprised of the absorbent and the absorbed dye, was buried in dry soil, promoting soil bacterial and fungal growth. The absorbance of CO 2 was determined. The use of natural vegetative material as absorbents of chemical dyes in industrial water waste is an environmentally friendly solution. Combination with the utilization of the final solid waste as fertilizer is an optimum solution, promoting sustainability within an industrial ecology framework. The adsorption column scale-up studied herein, for the removal of basic dyes from wastewaters, using methylene blue as a representative adsorbate and barley straw as a representative waste biomass adsorbent, was successful, as regards consistency and reliability (judged by low absolute and relative standard deviation) of results.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47827485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.003
Wenlei Cui, Mei Yang, Liqun Zheng, Tao Xu
China Abstract: The problem of water pollution is one of the long-term difficulties in the process of rural environmental construction and economic development in China. In order to meet the requirements of the country’s green and sustainable development, many regions actively promote the construction of rural sewage treatment and fill in the shortcomings of the rural habitat environment to accelerate the construction of beautiful and livable villages.Through a lot of literature and case studies, this paper explores the environmental problems that are common in rural sewage treatment in the northern region of China, explores advanced domestic and foreign cases and technologies on this topic, and summarizes the landscape design strategies on this issue. From the perspective of ecological landscape design, the thesis seeks the theoretical and technical support for rural sewage treatment in river valley areas, and establishes a bridge between rural sewage treatment technology and ecological landscape. Finally, combining theory with practice, taking the project of Lushi sewage treatment in Sanmenxia as an example, team completed the landscape design of ecological sewage purification display area in Zhangjiacun.The design focuses on presenting the application of internal sewage treatment technology and external landscape aesthetics. According to the main points of ecological landscape design and the theory of ecological edge effect, the local ecological system is effectively protected, and a rural domestic sewage purification display area with economic benefits is
{"title":"Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage TreatmentTaking Sanmenxia Lushi Sewage Treatment Station as an Example","authors":"Wenlei Cui, Mei Yang, Liqun Zheng, Tao Xu","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"China Abstract: The problem of water pollution is one of the long-term difficulties in the process of rural environmental construction and economic development in China. In order to meet the requirements of the country’s green and sustainable development, many regions actively promote the construction of rural sewage treatment and fill in the shortcomings of the rural habitat environment to accelerate the construction of beautiful and livable villages.Through a lot of literature and case studies, this paper explores the environmental problems that are common in rural sewage treatment in the northern region of China, explores advanced domestic and foreign cases and technologies on this topic, and summarizes the landscape design strategies on this issue. From the perspective of ecological landscape design, the thesis seeks the theoretical and technical support for rural sewage treatment in river valley areas, and establishes a bridge between rural sewage treatment technology and ecological landscape. Finally, combining theory with practice, taking the project of Lushi sewage treatment in Sanmenxia as an example, team completed the landscape design of ecological sewage purification display area in Zhangjiacun.The design focuses on presenting the application of internal sewage treatment technology and external landscape aesthetics. According to the main points of ecological landscape design and the theory of ecological edge effect, the local ecological system is effectively protected, and a rural domestic sewage purification display area with economic benefits is","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42431352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.005
R. Widyani
Abtract: God has made man and has prepared everything for human life. This universe was created for humans to be healthy. The lifestyle of humans in the millenial era has made circulatory disorders in the form of hypercholesterolemia. This study aims to determine the efficacy of herbal plants to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The method used is the in vitro method. Herbal plant used in this experiment Dyospiros kaky 50% , Avium grafeolens 20% , Guazuma ulmifolia 20% , Hibiscus sabdariffa 10% . This study showed that cholesterol level decreased from 200 mg/dL to 102 mg/100 g at dose 20 mg/dL, 64.5 mg/100 g, at dose 40 mg/dL, and 94.2 mg/100 g, at dose 60 mg/dL. The best dose to decrease blood cholesterol was 40 mg/dL. This study indicated that Dyospiros kaki is an agent of anti-cholesterol.
{"title":"In Vitro Studies: Potensial Use of Dyospiros kaky, Avium grafeolens, Guazuma ulmifolia, Hibiscus sabdariffa as an Agent of Anti-cholesterol","authors":"R. Widyani","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"Abtract: God has made man and has prepared everything for human life. This universe was created for humans to be healthy. The lifestyle of humans in the millenial era has made circulatory disorders in the form of hypercholesterolemia. This study aims to determine the efficacy of herbal plants to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The method used is the in vitro method. Herbal plant used in this experiment Dyospiros kaky 50% , Avium grafeolens 20% , Guazuma ulmifolia 20% , Hibiscus sabdariffa 10% . This study showed that cholesterol level decreased from 200 mg/dL to 102 mg/100 g at dose 20 mg/dL, 64.5 mg/100 g, at dose 40 mg/dL, and 94.2 mg/100 g, at dose 60 mg/dL. The best dose to decrease blood cholesterol was 40 mg/dL. This study indicated that Dyospiros kaki is an agent of anti-cholesterol.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41552777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.002
E. Kussul
A new trend involving the combination of solar concentrators and agricultural plants on the same piece of land offers the possibility of realizing both electricity generation and a good crop harvest. Authors analyze this situation for different countries, including Mexico, and based on authors’ experience regarding the development of new solar concentrator prototypes, authors’ primary objective was to describe the development of compact, light, and inexpensive solar concentrator prototypes that can be collocated on horizontal roofs. Authors’ second objective was to investigate the combination of such solar concentrator prototypes with agricultural plants on the same field. Thus, several studies related to the combination of renewable energy generation and agricultural crops were reviewed. Many such systems involving the combination of PV (Photovoltaic) panels with different types of vegetables exist in the USA, France (lettuce production), Japan (tomato production), India (aloe and corn), northern Italy (maize), Spain and México.
{"title":"Combinations of Solar Concentrators with Agricultural Plants","authors":"E. Kussul","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"A new trend involving the combination of solar concentrators and agricultural plants on the same piece of land offers the possibility of realizing both electricity generation and a good crop harvest. Authors analyze this situation for different countries, including Mexico, and based on authors’ experience regarding the development of new solar concentrator prototypes, authors’ primary objective was to describe the development of compact, light, and inexpensive solar concentrator prototypes that can be collocated on horizontal roofs. Authors’ second objective was to investigate the combination of such solar concentrator prototypes with agricultural plants on the same field. Thus, several studies related to the combination of renewable energy generation and agricultural crops were reviewed. Many such systems involving the combination of PV (Photovoltaic) panels with different types of vegetables exist in the USA, France (lettuce production), Japan (tomato production), India (aloe and corn), northern Italy (maize), Spain and México.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43372405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-28DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.005
Indun Titisariwati, H. Oetomo, Muhammad Tri Aditya, W. S. Bargawa
: Feldspar mine may cause environmental problem. Post-mining lake water pollute the environment because it has a low pH containing heavy metals such as aluminium (Al). The research objective was to analyze the effectiveness of water quality changes using Eichornia sp and Thypaangustifolia plants with organic substrates, and to analyze the results of water quality management based on wastewater quality standards. The results showed that the treatment using water from pit lake + material pit lake + clumps of Thypaangustifolia + organic substrate was declared effective in increasing pH and reducing TSS and dissolved metals at 15 days of treatment, indicated by a pH value of 6.7-7.04, a TSS value of 1,710 mg/l to 108 mg/l, and decreased grade Al from 233.0975 mg/l to 190.77 mg/l. The quality standard for Al dissolved metal management has not reached the waste water quality standard, while the results of pH and TSS management are in accordance with the quality standards stipulated with the provisions concerning the wastewater quality standard.
{"title":"Post-mining Water Management Using Macrophytes and Substrate Media","authors":"Indun Titisariwati, H. Oetomo, Muhammad Tri Aditya, W. S. Bargawa","doi":"10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2162-5263/2020.05.005","url":null,"abstract":": Feldspar mine may cause environmental problem. Post-mining lake water pollute the environment because it has a low pH containing heavy metals such as aluminium (Al). The research objective was to analyze the effectiveness of water quality changes using Eichornia sp and Thypaangustifolia plants with organic substrates, and to analyze the results of water quality management based on wastewater quality standards. The results showed that the treatment using water from pit lake + material pit lake + clumps of Thypaangustifolia + organic substrate was declared effective in increasing pH and reducing TSS and dissolved metals at 15 days of treatment, indicated by a pH value of 6.7-7.04, a TSS value of 1,710 mg/l to 108 mg/l, and decreased grade Al from 233.0975 mg/l to 190.77 mg/l. The quality standard for Al dissolved metal management has not reached the waste water quality standard, while the results of pH and TSS management are in accordance with the quality standards stipulated with the provisions concerning the wastewater quality standard.","PeriodicalId":58493,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与工程:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48636101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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