International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology最新文献

With the rise in population growth, urbanization boundaries are expanding, leading to increased habitat fragmentation and a decline in genetic diversity among species within protected areas located near urban centers. This study investigates the simulation and prediction of urban sprawl and land use/land cover (LULC) changes in eastern Tehran, as well as the management of their impact on the neighboring Jajrood Protected Area. We developed LULC maps for the years 1986 and 2016 by applying neural network classification to Landsat imagery. To forecast urban growth and LULC changes, we utilized the SLEUTH model. Three different scenarios including Historical Urban Growth (HUG), Managed Urban Growth (MUG), and Environmental Urban Growth (EUG) were defined to predict urban growth through 2046 by by adjusting the calibrated SLEUTH coefficients, including Diffusion, Breed, Spread, Slope Resistance, and Road Gravity. The east of Tehran city is affected by many coefficients such as the slope resistance, road gravity and spread coefficients. Results show the most important coefficients in this research according to HUG, MUG, and EUG scenarios are the road gravity coefficient, the spread coefficient, and the slope coefficient. In the HUG scenario, the predominant land uses will include roads, water bodies, and urban green spaces. Conversely, in the MUG and EUG scenarios, the largest areas will be allocated to agricultural land, forests, and semi-compact pasturelands.

The discharge of untreated wastewater containing synthetic dyes from the industry significantly pollutes water sources. Metal–Organic Frameworks especially Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 have emerged as promising materials in dye wastewater treatment, offering innovative potential for mitigating this pollution. In this research study, the amino-functionalized Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 was synthesized and characterized using Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. The suitability of amino-functionalized Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 for dye removal was determined via a batch adsorption study, and the effects of several adsorption factors were investigated, including the initial concentration of methyl blue (40–200 ppm) the effect of pH condition (pH 3–11), and reaction time (30–180 min). Several kinetic isotherm models, including Langmuir, Freundlich, Pseudo First Order, and Pseudo Second Order, were applied to ascertain the adsorption mechanism. From the results obtained, the adsorption capacity of amino-functionalized Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 recorded is 537.4 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm is well-suited to the Freundlich model (R² = 0.9453) and the kinetic of adsorption is most fitted with Pseudo-second order (R² = 0.9999). Thus, these results suggest that amino-functionalized Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 is a highly efficient adsorbent for methyl blue, operating predominantly through multilayer adsorption and chemisorption. For future research, it is recommended to study the selectivity of amino-functionalized Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 for various dyes and contaminants, as well as to evaluate its performance in real wastewater samples to assess its practical applicability in complex matrices.

Graphical Abstract

There is a global concern about iodinated contrast media because they may be an anthropogenic source of iodine, and thereby precursors of iodinated disinfection by-products during chlorine disinfection. These by-product compounds may exert higher toxicity than regulated-disinfection by-products (i.e., trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids). This represents a challenge for water utilities due to the unknown formation of these iodinated disinfection by-products. This work is two folded: on one hand, it researches the effects of ozone as pretreatment for iopamidol oxidation through a sequential treatment of low-pressure ultraviolet light followed by free chlorine, and in the other hand, it applies an algorithm of principal component analysis to obtain the multivariable of these sequential treatments. In this context, a formation iodinated disinfection by-products to iodide correlation models were developed under each treatment condition (i.e., UV-Cl₂, and O₃-UV-Cl₂). Additionally, five iodinated disinfection by-products were detected: dichloroidomethane, chlorodiiodomethane, iodoform, iodoacetonitrile and chloroiodoacetamide, corresponding to trihalomethanes, haloacetonitriles and haloacetamides respectively. Results showed that ozonation as a pre-treatment step (O₃-UV-Cl₂) reduced up to 53% by-products formation than UV-Cl₂. Using principal component analysis, it was found that iodinated disinfection by-products to iodide correlation models showed a better correlation for the ozonation pretreatment with a R² = 0.9122 along with a Pearson coefficient of r = 0.9551. Ozonation should be considered as a strategy to control the formation of these iodinated by-products for water reuse from waters enriched with anthropogenic iodine. Future experiments with different source waters should be addressed to explore the formation and control of unregulated iodinated disinfection by-products.

This work introduces a new mixing technique for producing wood-plastic composites. The main constituents of the wood-plastic composites are recycled low-density polyethylene and residual dust from routing medium-density fiberboard. The new mixing technique depends on separating the fibers and the polymer during the melting stage of the polymer to avoid the degradation of the fibers due to heat. Physical tests including a water absorption test and a thickness swelling test were applied on specimens produced with the single screw extruder and a new mixing technique, with different fiber-polymer weight ratios (50–50%, 55–45%, 60–40%, 65–35%, and 70–30%). It was found that at a (70–30%) mixing ratio, a reduction in water absorption of about 70% and 67% for densities of 1100 and 1250 kg/m³, respectively was reached. While at a (50–50%) mixing ratio, a reduction of about 24% and 14% for densities of 1100 and 1250 kg/m³, respectively  was accomplished. In general, the resistance to water absorption and thickness swelling was observed to be improved for the new mixing technique for all mixing ratios compared to the single-screw extruder.

Remediating organic dye pollution remains a concern in contemporary water management practices. Developing low-cost and high-surface-area adsorbents synthesised by nanotechnology to eliminate organic dyes is an essential issue in water treatment. Recently, silica aerogels, a kind of nanomaterials, have been investigated as adsorbents due to their high porosity, high surface area, and low cost. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-based silica aerogel (SA) to assess its efficacy in removing eriochrome black T (EBT), which is a potentially hazardous dye. Based on adsorption studies, the optimal adsorption conditions were found to be 0.2 g adsorbent dosage, pH 2, 120 min contact time, 10 mg L⁻¹ initial EBT concentration, and a temperature of 40 °C. The adsorption data were best fitted with a remarkably high correlation coefficient of R² = 0.999 in the pseudo-second-order model. According to the results of the adsorption isotherm model analysis, the R² values for the Temkin, Freundlich, and Langmuir models were determined to be 0.971, 0.935, and 0.954, respectively, particularly at the optimally determined temperature of 40 °C. Thermodynamically, the process is exothermic and spontaneous. In addition to experimental studies, the WB97x-D level of the Density Functional Theory was used to elucidate the detailed adsorption mechanism between SA and EBT in the water phase. The experimental results are consistent with the computational parameters describing the primary adsorption mechanism, including physisorption processes via electrostatic attraction, van der Waals interactions, and hydrogen bonding.

Graphical abstract

Household solid waste (HSW) poses long-term environmental and human health-related risks as it contains several toxic components. In the recent past, most of the developing countries strive to improve their urban HSW management practices globally. The management capability or incapability of HSW processing plant (HSWPP) depends on its location. The location selection for HSWPP is a complex multi-criteria decision analysis problem for the policymakers in developing nations. Uncertainty is more common in the selection of HSWPP location from multiple criteria perspective. This paper aims to develop a decision-making method for assessing and choosing a suitable HSWPP location under the context of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs). As a generalized form of fuzzy set, IVIFS theory has been demonstrated as a valuable way for measuring the uncertainty of information in realistic decision-making problems. In IVIFS, the membership grades of an object are subsets of closed interval [0, 1], therefore, the theory of IVIFS is more useful to present the opinions in terms of intervals instead of the crisp numbers. This paper firstly proposes a novel distance measure for IVIFSs to estimate dissimilarity value between IVIFSs. Few pairs of IVIFSs are taken to demonstrate the advantage of proposed distance measure over extant measures. Next, this study develops a new IVIF-score function by analyzing the drawbacks of extant interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF)-score and accuracy functions. Further, the proposed score function is used to determine the significance values of involved decision makers. In this approach, the objective weight of criteria is derived through IVIF-standard deviation-based approach and subjective weight of criteria is obtained with IVIF-pivot pairwise relative criteria importance assessment (PIPRECIA) approach and finally, a collective weighting formula is discussed with combination of objective and subjective weights of criteria. Finally, a hybrid gained and lost dominance score (GLDS) method is developed to solve the decision-making problems on IVIFSs setting. Further, we discuss an empirical study of HSWPP locations assessment problem to show the reasonableness and exhibit the efficacy of the presented approach. Moreover, we discuss sensitivity assessment over various values of a parameter, which proves the stability of obtained outcomes. Comparison with extant methods is made to illustrate the robustness of proposed framework. The present work offers a new methodology, which can help the policymakers to evaluate HSWPP locations with uncertain information.