Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science最新文献

Cyprinus carpio is one of most produced fish species farmed in Turkey. There are many factors comprising with the viral diseases that reduce productivity and cause significant economic losses in carp production. Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) is of the viral diseases with high infection and mortality rates. For prevention of parasitic diseases disinfectants have been used but due to the potential genotoxicity and cytotoxic effects alternative non-toxic agents are required. The biocompatible, and non-toxic disinfectant Virkon-S is recommended by FAO for this manner but its application on Epithelioma papulosum cyprini, but its usage on this disease has not yet been researched. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic, antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of Virkon-S on EPC cells. Cytotoxicity, morphological and ultrastructural changes were investigated by MTT assay, confocal and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Cell death mode was investigated by Annexin-V and Caspase 3/7 analysis. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis was detected on Virkon-S treated EPC cells. Also, TEM results revealed that Virkon-S notably changed the ultrastructure of EPC cells together with indications like swollen mitochondria, loss of cristae and membrane blebbings. The study results showed that Virkon-S has cytotoxic, antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on EPC cells and might be used for prevention of EPC disease after deeper in vivo investigations. These findings collectively suggest the induction of cytotoxicity on the cellular ultrastructure. Furthermore, in alignment with the findings from confocal microscopy, it can be concluded that Virkon-S triggers apoptosis in EPC cells.

Ets-related gene (ERG) is a key protein in vascular homeostasis. It has multiple isoforms. These isoforms have predominant nuclear localization except ERG isoform 8. This isoform can modify the nuclear localization of other isoforms and can down-regulate other isoforms. However, the mechanism of this regulation and its impact on ERG target proteins is still unclear. This study is designed to analyze the effects of ERG8 on functional aspects of other isoforms. For this purpose, the expressions of ERG3 target genes; VE-cad, sox4, cxcr4 were analyzed after ERG8 and ERG3 co-transfection. Increasing ERG8 to ERG3 ratios were transfected in 293-HEK cells. qPCR analysis was performed on total RNA extracted from transfected cells to evaluate the changes in expression of target genes. Results showed that ERG3 alone significantly increased the expression of these target genes (p˂0.05). However, the increasing concentrations of ERG8 progressively decreased the expression of the target genes significantly (p˂0.05). For in silico prediction of the nature of ERG3-ERG8 interaction, their three-dimensional models were built using I-TASSER and interaction was predicted using HADDOCK 2.4. HADDOCK scores show that ERG8 via its pointed (PNT) domain can interact with Ets domain of ERG3 (HADDOCK score; -28.956 +/- 15.881) as well as PNT domain (HADDOCK score; -4.426 +/- 7.770). Our results indicate that ERG8 affect the transcription factor activity of ERG3 by hindering its binding with the DNA either through PNT or Ets domain

Graphical Abstract

Let ({mathcal {S}}) and ({mathfrak {B}}) be two unital (*)-algebras such that ({mathcal {S}}) has a nontrivial projection. In the present article, we demonstrate, under certain restrictions that if a bijective map (Delta :{mathcal {S}}rightarrow {mathfrak {B}}) satisfies (Delta (Mdiamond N circ W) = Delta (M)diamond Delta (N)circ Delta (W)) for all (M, N, W in {mathcal {S}}), then (Delta) is a (*)-preserving ring isomorphism. As an application, we will describe these mappings on factor von Neumann algebras.

In this work, we introduce a feasible and efficient method for solving weakly singular fractional pantograph delay integro-differential equations. To implement the proposed method, we get the operational matrices based on the shifted fractional-order fifth-kind Chebyshev polynomials. These matrices, together with the collocation method, are applied to convert the main equation to a system of algebraic equations. We consider the existence and uniqueness of solutions and then give an upper error bound for this method. At last, several numerical tests are carried out to demonstrate the usefulness and capability of the suggested algorithm.

During an epidemic outbreak, slowing the infection among the population can be achieved through two major approaches: raising awareness about the disease and quarantining the infected population. Elevating awareness levels among the population is essential for slowing down the infection. In this study, our goal is to propose and mathematically analyze a novel Caputo derivative-based fractional-order Susceptible–Aware–Infected–Quarantined–Recovered–Susceptible compartmental model. The model is developed by incorporating the level of awareness among the population, explicit non-monotone incidence rates for new infection cases, and a saturated quarantine rate for the infected population. Additionally, this study aims to capture the complex dynamics of infectious diseases in the absence of any vaccine to control the disease spread. The qualitative study of the model reveals two equilibria: an infection-free equilibrium and an endemic equilibrium. We obtain that the infection-free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is below one. Furthermore, we investigate the model for the possible occurrence of multiple positive equilibria and examine the local stability of the endemic equilibrium, showing that it is locally asymptotically stable under certain conditions when the basic reproduction number is above unity. Finally, we present numerical simulations to support our analytical findings.

Therapeutic proteins need to be produced in large quantities as they continuously gain higher shares in pharmaceutical market. Human beta interferon (hIFN-β) is used against different diseases due to its antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory nature. Considering its clinical applications, development of a simple, cost-effective and easily scalable production system to produce rhIFN-β-1b protein in high yield and quality is needed. Attempts to develop improved production methods are ongoing. Majority of previous reports propose isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), for rhIFN-β-1b expression in Escherichia coli, which is costly and nonmetabolizable. Thus, in current study, rhIFN-β-1b expression was optimized in an inexpensive auto-induction medium. Corn steep liquor (CSL) was used and optimized at different concentrations. Further, the medium was also optimized for carbon sources using various glycerol concentrations. Finally, a 10 L fermentation batch was done (10% CSL and 2.5% glycerol) that produced 65 g of wet biomass and 15 g of inclusion body (wet). The purification scheme was optimized by one-step ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) for > 99% purity of the target protein. The biological activity of the required protein was assessed through cytopathic inhibition effect of virus vesicular stomatitis (VSV) on Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Moreover, cytotoxicity of the protein was also studied on different breast cancer cell lines; HCC- 1954, MCF- 7 and MDA- MB- 231. This is the first report on utilizing CSL as auto-induction media for expression and purification of rhIFN-β-1b. Thus, the suggested method can be employed for simple as well as cost-effective production of rhIFN-β-1b and other recombinant proteins.