Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science最新文献

In this paper, we introduce and explore a new class of starlike functions, denoted as ({mathcal {S}}^*_{{mathfrak {B}}}), comprising normalized univalent analytic functions f that satisfy the condition (zf'(z)/f(z)prec sqrt{1+tanh {z}}=:{mathfrak {B}}(z)), where ({mathfrak {B}}(z)) denotes a mapping from the unit disk onto a bean-shaped domain. Our investigation is focused on elucidating the characteristic properties of both ({mathfrak {B}}(z)) and the functions within ({mathcal {S}}^*_{{mathfrak {B}}}). We establish precise conditions under which the subordination (psi (p(z),zp'(z);z)prec sqrt{1+tanh (z)}) implies (p(z)prec ((1+A z)/(1+B z))^gamma ), where (psi (p(z),zp'(z);z)) takes the form either of ((1-alpha )p(z)+alpha p^2(z)+beta frac{zp'(z)}{p^k(z)}) or ((p(z))^delta +beta frac{zp'(z)}{(p(z))^k}). Furthermore, we establish inclusion relations for ({mathcal {S}}^*_{{mathfrak {B}}}) and provide estimations for sharp radii constants pertaining to ({mathcal {S}}^*_{{mathfrak {B}}}).

With the expected global population reaching 9.3 billion by 2050 and the need for 70% more food, addressing food security is imperative. Insect farming is an emerging solution, and Tenebrio molitor (mealworm) is a popular choice due to its ease of rearing, harvesting, and feeding. This study aims to assess how dietary factors affect the body length and weight of T. molitor larvae. Seven diets were prepared, ranging from pure wheat bran (W) as a control to combinations of barley (A, B), chickpea (C, D), and corn (E, F) brans. The type of food significantly influenced the larval and adult insect weight and length. Larvae fed diet W (122.99 mg) and diet D (114.99 mg) showed the highest and lowest weight, respectively. Insects fed with diet W showed the longest length (1.30 cm), while those fed with diet C had the shortest length (1.21 cm). Focusing on the fourth larval stage onwards resulted in low mortality rates. However, diets C (97.7% survival) and B (98.8% survival) exhibited the lowest survival rates. Larval pupation rates differed significantly, with 43.3% of larvae on a 100% wheat bran diet pupating by the 13th instar, compared to 32.9% on a 50% corn bran diet by the 15th instar. These findings emphasize the significant impact of diet on the development of T. molitor. As the global demand for sustainable food sources grows to address future food security challenges, understanding these dietary factors in insect farming is essential.

A type III hydrogen storage system typically refers to a method of storing hydrogen where the hydrogen is contained within the composite material, such as a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) or a glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) vessel. Type III storage systems are advantageous because they offer a good balance between weight, volume, and storage capacity. This research investigates the structural, thermal, and life cycle assessment of hydrogen cylinders under varying filling pressures such as 20 MPa, 25 MPa, 30 MPa, 35 MPa, 40 MPa, and 45 MPa and environmental temperatures such as 250 K, 200 K, 320 K, and 350 K. This study investigates the application of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to mitigate hydrogen embrittlement. Also, by incorporating PTFE and composite materials, the aluminium liner thickness in hydrogen storage cylinders has been significantly reduced, leading to an overall weight reduction of the cylinder for UAV application. Structural analysis reveals that filling pressures between 25 and 35 MPa provide optimal structural stability, ensuring safe containment of hydrogen within composite material cylinders. Meanwhile, thermal analysis identifies a permissible working temperature up to 350 K, indicating robust thermal resilience under operating conditions. The current hydrogen cylinder technology faces a significant challenge due to its limited fuelling span, necessitating frequent refills and hindering operational efficiency, particularly in transportation applications. According to the ISO 11439 standard, the life cycle assessment of hydrogen storage systems has been investigated. Specifically, in the pressure ranges from 25 to 35 MPa as optimal for minimizing structural damage and extending cylinder lifespan.

The interaction between drugs and biological receptors, such as proteins and DNA, is crucial for understanding their biological activities. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a widely used protein for studying molecular interactions. Riluzole (RLZ), a benzothiazole-containing drug, treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and motor neuron diseases, and has neuroprotective effects. This study investigates the interaction between RLZ and HSA, examining the effects on biomolecular structure. Using UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopy, we determined the equilibrium binding constant (K_b), number of binding sites (n), quenching constant (K_SV) and bimolecular quenching constant (Kq). The results show that the binding and quenching constants are in the order of 10⁴ and 10³ M⁻¹, respectively. Displacement studies with site-specific markers (warfarin, ANS, and ibuprofen) revealed the binding of RLZ in subdomain IIIA of HSA. Circular dichroism (CD) experiments showed no binding-induced structural changes in HSA, while induced CD of RLZ further supports the binding. Molecular docking simulations supported the experimental findings, showing the binding location of RLZ in subdomain IIIA of HSA. Thus, the study revealed the binding of RLZ with HSA with no effect of RLZ on the secondary structure of the protein. This study may provide an insight to understand better on the molecular interactions of RLZ related structures with HSA, and further may help in potential drug development.

Recent technological advancements have enabled the analysis of high-dimensional data, where each data point is assumed to represent a sample from an underlying continuous function. Functional data analysis (FDA) is a method developed to study these underlying functional forms. Missing data is commonly encountered in FDA, yet imputation methods tailored to functional data remain an underexplored area. This study investigates the impact of various missing data imputation methods on functional data by sampling missing values from two datasets: the daily average temperature of 18 cities in Turkey’s Black Sea region and the stock values traded in Borsa Istanbul. A Fourier basis function approach was used for the periodic temperature data, while a B-Spline basis function approach was applied to the non-periodic stock data. Using multiple imputation methods, including MI Amelia, MICE Random Forest, and Kalman filtering, the missing data were estimated, and each method’s performance was evaluated through multiple comparison tests. Findings reveal significant performance variations across imputation methods depending on the missing data rate, with certain methods consistently outperforming others. This study provides a comparative analysis, offering valuable insights for selecting appropriate imputation methods in FDA based on data structure and missing rate.

In this paper, we introduce a new subclass of infinitesimal generator related to close-to-convex functions of order (alpha). Infinitesimal generators play a pivotal role in analyzing the dynamics of one-parameter semigroups of holomorphic functions. Extending the classical Marx-Strohhacker type results that link function classes to infinitesimal generators, we investigate these relationships for the class of close-to-convex functions. Our work focuses on addressing an open problem posed by Tuneski et al. (2018), concerning the sharpest parameter (alpha) for which certain subclasses of analytic functions (specifically (mathcal {C}(alpha ,beta ))) remain within the class of infinitesimal generators. Crucially, our study provides an improved and larger value for this parameter.

Let (F=R^{(n)}) be a free R-module of finite rank (nge 2) and S be a multiplicatively closed subset of R. In this paper, we characterize the S-prime submodules of F with at most n generators, when R is a UFD or a Dedekind domain. Also, we define the concept of the S-primary decomposition and give an S-primary decomposition for some submodules N of M.

This work investigates the entanglement and squeezing properties of light produced by a non-degenerate, coherently driven three-level laser operating within a closed cavity, which is coupled to a two-mode vacuum reservoir through a single-port mirror. To facilitate the analysis, the noise operators are expressed in normal order. Using the master equation approach, we derive the time evolution equations for the atomic operators. Based on the steady-state solutions of the derived evolution equations, we evaluated several key properties of the cavity radiation: the mean and variance of the photon number, the quadrature variance, the degree of entanglement, the normalized second-order correlation function for the two-mode field, the linear correlation coefficient between the modes, and the intensity difference fluctuations. Our findings indicate that increasing the stimulated emission rate leads to a notable enhancement in the average photon number. Additionally, the mean photon number increases with the amplitude of the pumping mode interacting with the parametric amplifier ((varepsilon )). Enhanced squeezing is observed with increasing (varepsilon ) within the range ((0 le varepsilon le 0.03)), with the highest observed squeezing at (varepsilon = 0.03) (70.4%). Even in the absence of a pump mode, squeezing is present but at a lower level. The parametric amplifier enhances both squeezing and entanglement by amplifying the pumping mode, leading to increased photon generation and stronger quantum correlations. Notably, there is a direct correlation between squeezing and entanglement, indicating that increased entanglement is associated with greater squeezing.

In the last few decades, due to toxicants emitted by biological species through domestic wastage, industrialization, pesticides, burning garbage, etc., there have been rapidly abnormal changes in their function like productivity, change in shape, necrosis, etc. Most of the time, ecologist focused on their research on the existence or extinction of biological species but limited focus on abnormal deformation. Information is also supporting their theories. These abnormal changes are not instantaneous, i.e., they take their own time to show the results. Therefore, we are proposing and analyzing to investigate the impact of internally emitted toxicants by the species themselves in a four-compartment population model accompanied by the deformation delay((tau _1)) and in toxicant’s uptake delay((tau _2)) through the biological population. Results show that when the deformation delay ((tau _1))is absent, the system is locally stable for any level of toxicant’s uptake delay ((tau _2)) at coexisting equilibrium. However, when both delays occur during the procedure, the biological population system becomes unstable, i.e., the system exhibits Hopf bifurcation after reaching a critical value of deformation delay. Therefore, population density oscillates over time around the interior steady state. Additionally, to obtain the minimum cost to control the biological population’s deformation, we use optimal control theory through Pontryagin’s maximum principle. Finally, the numerically validated theoretical results.

This paper aims to identify and evaluate the CSFs in the acceptance of blockchain technology (BCT) in Iranian Rubber Industry and rank the influential parts (IPs) of BCT in the Industry by the opinions of 120 experts and simultaneously applying fuzzy Delphi and SWARA (Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) and ARAS (A new additive ratio assessment). A developed model of the CSFs and IP of the BCT in the industry was proposed. The results indicate that 10 CSF from the 31 CSF have a very strong impact on the 9 parts. In the following, the weight of the CSFs was extracted. The analysis showed that the sixth CSFs, (F6: Cyber-Security, Trustable Collaborations and Reliability) was placed in first priority. Also, the 8th CSFs (F8: Experience and Knowledge), was ranked in last. At the end of the research, 9 IPs of the BCT in the Industry were evaluated. The final analysis proves that that the first part (A1: Customer Segments) is ranked first, and the eights part (A8; Key Partners) is ranked last. The proposed integrated conceptual model of this research can be very useful in identifying and evaluating the CSFs of BCT and the valuable IPs of this technology in the rubber industry and other related industries.