Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science最新文献

It is a long standing conjecture that every contractible Banach algebra is finite dimensional. Motivated by this problem, we provide a survey of results in which certain conditions force a Banach algebra to be finite dimensional, with shorter proofs for a couple of them. These conditions are collected in three main groups: algebraic conditions, bounded cohomology contions and functional analytic ones.

In this note for (pin [1,+infty )), nonzero cardinal number (tau ), and one-to-one self-map (varphi :tau rightarrow tau ) , we compute all possible eigenvalues of generalized shift operator (sigma _{varphi }upharpoonright _{ell ^p(tau )}:ell ^p(tau )rightarrow ell ^p(tau )).

This article explores the applications of q-calculus in polynomial basis functions and curve modeling. We define the properties of q-Bernstein Cholodowsky basis polynomials. A novel approach to Bézier curves is introduced, utilizing basis polynomials to create generalized curves with shape-preserving properties. Additionally, the article presents degree elevation and De Casteljau algorithms tailored for these curves.

Complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes have been synthesized with biologically active Schiff base ligand L. The structure of ligand L and metal complexes were established by using various spectroscopic studies. On the basis of various spectroscopic studies, octahedral geometry of Co(II) complexes, tetrahedral geometry of Ni(II) complex, and square planar geometry of Cu(II) were established. Molar conductance in dimethylformaide solvent found in the range of 7.5–9.8 Ω⁻¹ cm² mol⁻¹ suggesting the non-electrolyte behaviour of metal complexes. The value of nephelauxetic parameter (β) lies in the range of 0.254–0.586 which indicates the covalent character in metal ligand sigma bond. The dipole moment, chemical hardness, and chemical softness of L and its metal complexes were studied using DFT. Ligand L and metal complexes were screened against two gram’s positive bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and two gram’s negative bacterial species Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. Antibacterial activity results revealed that all metal complexes showed better activity than the free ligand and complex 2 showed better activity than other complexes. The K_{b b} values for complex 2 is 8.1545 × 10⁵,which is greater than complex 3 and 4. It’s indicated that there is strong interaction between the BSA and complex 2. In molecular docking studies, complex 2 has returned lower docking energy than other complexes. It means theoretical studies have good coorelation with experimental results.

Design and synthesis of novel carriers with properties for controlled release of drugs is an aim for reducing the side effects of the medicines. In this paper, a novel hydrogel is fabricated based on nanoclay montmorillonite-crosslinked starch for the controlled delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to cancerous cells. The hydrogel is fabricated by the functionalization of starch with methyl methacrylate monomers, followed by cross-linking with methylene bisacrylamide by using nanoclay montmorillonite additive. The composite is characterized by several characterization techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. After the characterization of nanoclay montmorillonite-crosslinked starch nanocomposite, the fabricated hydrogel was evaluated in the delivery of DOX to the cancerous cells. After loading DOX into the hydrogel, the release profile of the drug was obtained in PBS buffer (pH = 7.4). Hemolysis studies proved the compatibility of the hydrogel in red blood cells. Cytotoxicity of DOX-loaded hydrogel was studied against T47D and LNCap cell lines. Cytotoxicity studies showed the activity and applicability of nanoclay montmorillonite-crosslinked starch composite for delivery purposes.

From the Early and Late Aptian sediments of the Baghin area, southwest of Kerman, Iran, a fairly low diverse scleractinian coral assemblage is described on the basis of paleoenvironmental factors for the first time. The fauna, collected from 6 stratigraphic horizons, encompasses 21 species from 15 genera, belonging to the families Actinastraeidae, Caryophylliidae, Columastraeidae, Eugyridae, Lasmogyridae, Latomeandridae, Rayasmiliidae, Solenocoeniidae and Stylinidae. The fauna is dominated by low corallite integration forms (plocoid and cerioid arrangements), while highly integrated corals (hydnophoroid, thamnasteroid, meandroid types) and solitary forms are subordinated. In the Baghin section, the δ¹³C values present a prominent negative excursion followed by a major positive excursion, which is considered geochemically characteristic of Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a). Additionally, the δ¹⁸O values suggest a pronounced warming of oceanic waters throughout the studied interval. Although the corals generally had favorable ecological conditions for development, no coral fabric was observed that would suggest biohermal development. The Aptian scleractinian assemblage of the Baghin area exhibits an example of a non-reef-building coral population, that thrived on marly substrate, along the southern rim of the eastern Tethys.

The purpose of this study is to present a numerical method for solving the second-order linear multidimensional hyperbolic telegraph equation with boundary conditions in space and initial conditions in time. The main discretization theory is based on the implementation of the 4th, 6th, and 8th-order compact finite difference method in matrix form for spatial derivatives. The obtained system of linear ordinary differential equations in time is solved using the seventh-eighth-order continuous Runge–Kutta method. To analyze the convergence of the proposed method, the stability of the numerical method and simultaneously, the stability of the system obtained from the compact finite difference scheme are investigated. Moreover, the efficiency and accuracy of the present approach are illustrated by providing numerical examples and comparing the obtained results with some other techniques based on domain discretization.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, making for one-third of all malignancies in females. Between 40 and 45 percent of instances of hereditary breast cancer are caused by mutations in the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1). Breast cancer risk is raised by mutations in its Really Interesting New Gene (RING) and BRCA1 C-Terminal (BRCT) domains. Thus, the goal of this study was to identify new mutations in the BRCA1 gene's RING and BRCT domains. To examine BRCA1 mutation spectra, 107 patients were chosen who had a documented family history of ovarian or breast cancer. Direct DNA sequencing and single-stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), both based on the polymerase chain reaction, were used to screen for mutations in the RING and BRCT domains of the BRCA1 gene. In-silico analysis was used for the in-vitro research outcome. The study's findings indicated that the population carries several BRCA1 sequence variations, including C.55C > A, C.36A > T, C.60A > T, C.199G > C, C.164A > T, C.251A > G, C.4996T > G, C.5032A > T, C.5041A > G, and C.5291T > A. The Breast Cancer Information Core (BIC) searched and examined the mutations. Every mutation was a new mutation. Additionally, a bioinformatics investigation revealed that several variations had an impact on the pathogenicity and stability of the protein. After calculating the relative risk (RR) of research linked to danger, it was found that there was a strong correlation (RR = 1) between the newly discovered genetic mutations and an elevated risk of breast cancer. Our research emphasizes the value of mutation screening in cases of familial ovarian or breast cancer, as well as the possible ramifications of these results for genetic counseling and cancer prevention.