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Investigation on Microstructure, Grain Refinement, and Mechanical Properties of Cu/AZ31/Cu Multilayered Composite Produced by Cross-Rolling Methods 交叉轧制法生产的铜/AZ31/铜多层复合材料的微观结构、晶粒细化和力学性能研究
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06816-8
Zijing Shu, Sarah Panahi, Ibrahim Roshan, Reza Javid

The positive effect of cross-rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of multilayered composites has received much attention in recent years. Therefore, in this paper, the Cu/AZ31/Cu multilayered composite has been fabricated by the cross-accumulative single-pass rolling method and the state-of-art process of cross-accumulative double-pass rolling. After each pass in these methods, the rolling direction was rotated anticlockwise. According to SEM images, all the layers were perfectly bonded without any obvious imperfections due to applying large strain and strain-path changes. Moreover, by increasing the cycles, the plastic instabilities increased in composites, although the ADPR method resulted in a more uniform reduction in AZ31 layer thickness and distribution of broken layers in the matrix. The line EDS analyses carried out on the interfaces of Cu/AZ31 did not show any interphases during the two methods. Furthermore, based on EBSD and TEM images, the grains were refined by both methods at higher cycles, although finer grains in Cu and AZ31 layers were obtained by the ADPR method. In addition, by increasing the cycles, the strength and hardness values of the composites increased. The composites processed by the ADPR process showed a tensile strength of 409 MPa and elongation of 17% which were higher than those achieved by the ASPR process. Similarly, the measured hardness of 213 HV (Cu) and 109 HV (AZ31) were achieved by the ADPR process, while lower values of the hardness of 209 HV (Cu) and 105 HV (AZ31) were achieved by the ASPR process.

近年来,交叉轧制对多层复合材料微观结构和力学性能的积极影响受到了广泛关注。因此,本文采用交叉累积单程轧制法和最先进的交叉累积双程轧制法制造了 Cu/AZ31/Cu 多层复合材料。在这些方法中,每次轧制后,轧制方向均逆时针旋转。根据 SEM 图像,所有层都完美地结合在一起,没有因施加大应变和应变路径变化而出现任何明显的瑕疵。此外,随着循环次数的增加,复合材料的塑性不稳定性也在增加,不过 ADPR 方法使 AZ31 层厚度的减少和基体中断裂层的分布更加均匀。在两种方法中,对 Cu/AZ31 界面进行的线 EDS 分析未显示任何相间现象。此外,根据 EBSD 和 TEM 图像,两种方法在较高的循环周期下都能细化晶粒,但 ADPR 方法得到的 Cu 和 AZ31 层晶粒更细。此外,随着循环次数的增加,复合材料的强度和硬度值也有所提高。采用 ADPR 工艺加工的复合材料的拉伸强度为 409 兆帕,伸长率为 17%,均高于采用 ASPR 工艺加工的复合材料。同样,ADPR 工艺测得的硬度值为 213 HV(铜)和 109 HV(AZ31),而 ASPR 工艺测得的硬度值较低,为 209 HV(铜)和 105 HV(AZ31)。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical Simulation of Multiphase Flow in Top-Blown Converter Smelting Lead Anode Slime Process 顶吹式转炉熔炼铅阳极泥过程中多相流的数值模拟
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06723-y
Ai-liang Chen, Yao Liu, Huan-Wu Zhan, Xue-Xian Jiang, Feng-Long Sun, Jiann-Yang Hwang,  Xijun-Zhang

A two-dimensional mathematical model of the multiphase flow field during top blowing was created. The model is based on the rotating top-blown furnace of a certain copper plant's lead anode slime. The accuracy of the model was validated by comparing the results with empirical formulas. The study investigated the multiphase flow behavior under production conditions, utilizing the standard k–ε turbulence model and the VOF multiphase flow model. The effects of top-blown operating pressure, nozzle Mach number, lance position, and melt depth on the jet flow have been analyzed. It was discovered that the top-blown operating pressure and lance position have the most significant impact on the refining effect. The optimal operating parameters were determined as follows: operating pressure of 0.6 MPa, nozzle Mach number of 1.5, lance position at 0.5 m, and melt depth of 1.5 m. These can provide guidance for optimizing the production conditions of the lead anode slime rotating top-blown furnace.

建立了顶吹过程中多相流场的二维数学模型。该模型基于某铜厂铅阳极泥旋转顶吹炉。通过将结果与经验公式进行比较,验证了模型的准确性。该研究利用标准 k-ε 湍流模型和 VOF 多相流模型研究了生产条件下的多相流行为。分析了顶吹工作压力、喷嘴马赫数、喷枪位置和熔体深度对射流的影响。结果发现,顶吹操作压力和喷枪位置对精炼效果的影响最大。确定的最佳操作参数为:操作压力为 0.6 MPa,喷嘴马赫数为 1.5,喷枪位置为 0.5 m,熔深为 1.5 m。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Palladium Recovery from Spent Pd-Al2O3 Catalyst: Comparative Analysis Using Copper and Iron Metal Smelting Methods 从废 Pd-Al2O3 催化剂中回收钯的评估:使用铜和铁金属冶炼方法的比较分析
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06799-6
Faxin Xiao, Xuwei Luo, Longhan Zhang, Ziyan Yang, Shuchen Sun, Ganfeng Tu

Spent Pd-Al2O3 catalyst was recovered by the metal smelting method. Cu and Fe were used as collector metals, and the capture process, smelting slag, and Pd-bearing alloy were comprehensively compared. The process condition results show that although the recovery rate of palladium of both capture processes is > 99%, the collection time using Fe smelting method is longer than that using Cu collection. The Si and P contents in Pd-bearing alloy under 1550°C obtained by Fe collection are obviously higher than those by Cu collection, which causes the difficulty in separation of Pd from impurities. The cost of Fe smelting process is much lower than that of Cu smelting process, while the metal Cu alloy can be further reused through subsequent electrolysis separation. Therefore, Cu collection is suggested to be a better collection metal due to the shorter smelting time, possible lower impurity content under higher temperature and more favorable subsequent treatment process.

用金属冶炼法回收了废 Pd-Al2O3 催化剂。以铜、铁为捕集金属,对捕集工艺、冶炼渣和含钯合金进行了综合比较。工艺条件结果表明,虽然两种捕集工艺的钯回收率都达到了 99%,但采用铁冶炼法的捕集时间比采用铜捕集的时间长。在1550°C条件下,Fe收集法得到的含钯合金中Si和P的含量明显高于Cu收集法,这给钯与杂质的分离带来了困难。铁冶炼工艺的成本远低于铜冶炼工艺,而金属铜合金可通过后续的电解分离进一步重复使用。因此,由于铜的冶炼时间较短、在较高温度下杂质含量可能较低、后续处理工艺更为有利,建议将其作为一种更好的收集金属。
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引用次数: 0
Stability of Crystalline Compounds in Slag Systems Mainly Composed of Li2O-SiO2-CaO-MnOx 主要由 Li2O-SiO2-CaO-MnOx 组成的矿渣体系中晶体化合物的稳定性
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06809-7
D. A. de Abreu, A. Schnickmann, S. Chakrabarty, M. J. Fischlschweiger, T. Schirmer, O. Fabrichnaya

The challenge of obtaining sufficient raw materials is a major concern when it comes to extracting lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries. One way to address this is through pyrometallurgical processing, which leaves undesirable elements such as lithium, aluminum and manganese in the slag. The engineered artificial minerals approach focuses on the effective recovery of critical elements. Different slag systems have been studied in the literature, and understanding the phase relationships in the (text {Li}_2{text {O}})-(text {SiO}_2)-CaO-(text {MnO}_x) system can lead to optimization of the recycling process. In this context, the stability of undesirable silicates can affect the maximum separation of Li from the slag. In order to contribute to the development of the Li recycling process, the stability of crystalline compounds was experimentally investigated in the present work for different slag compositions. The melted and solidified microstructures were characterized by SEM/EDX, EPMA, and XRD. Phase diagram data of binary and ternary systems were used to describe the solidification paths. As a result of solidification, crystals of (text {Li}_{2}text {SiO}_{3}) and (text {LiMnO}_2) were observed in a matrix consisting of (text {Ca}_{3}text {Si}_{2}hbox {O}_{7}) and (text {CaSiO}_{3}).

要从锂离子废电池中提取锂,获取充足的原材料是一大难题。解决这一问题的方法之一是通过火法冶金处理,但这种方法会在炉渣中留下锂、铝和锰等不良元素。工程人造矿物方法侧重于有效回收关键元素。文献中对不同的矿渣系统进行了研究,了解 (text {Li}_2{text {O}})-(text {SiO}_2)-CaO-(text {MnO}_x) 系统中的相关系可以优化回收过程。在这种情况下,不良硅酸盐的稳定性会影响锂从炉渣中的最大分离量。为了促进锂回收工艺的发展,本研究对不同炉渣成分下结晶化合物的稳定性进行了实验研究。通过 SEM/EDX、EPMA 和 XRD 对熔化和凝固的微观结构进行了表征。二元和三元体系的相图数据用于描述凝固路径。凝固的结果是,在由(text {Ca}_{3}text {Si}_{2}hbox {O}_{7}) 和(text {CaSiO}_{3}) 组成的基体中观察到了(text {Ca}_{3}text {Si}_{2}hbox {O}_{7}) 和(text {CaSiO}_{3}) 的晶体。
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引用次数: 0
(Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 High-Entropy Boride Ceramics Fabricated by Boro/Carbothermal Reduction Method Combined with SPS (通过硼/碳热还原法结合 SPS 制备的(Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 高熵硼化物陶瓷
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06819-5
Boyu Ni, Yan Zhang, Hui Zou, Shuangyu Liu, Lei Shan, Haiyan Shi, Zhaoyu Lv, Zehao He

In order to further improve the density and properties of high-entropy boride ceramics, (Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 high-entropy boride ceramics were prepared by boro/carbothermal reduction combined with SPS. The phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the ceramics were studied, and the results showed that (Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 high-entropy boride powder contained a highentropy phase, an oxides impurities phase, a WB phase, and a HfB2 phase at 1600 °C. After sintering at 2000 °C, there was no oxide impurity in the (Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 high-entropy boride ceramics, which consisted of a high-entropy phase and a small amount of WB second phase. The hardness and fracture toughness were 29.9 ± 1.0 GPa and 3.36 ± 0.21 MPa·m1/2, respectively. The hardness was higher than the high-entropy boride ceramics with the same components prepared by in situ reactive sintering and borothermal reduction. The mechanical properties of the high-entropy ceramics obtained by boro/carbothermal reduction was excellent. and were higher than those reported in the literature of the same component.

为了进一步提高高熵硼化物陶瓷的密度和性能,采用硼/碳热还原结合 SPS 法制备了(Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 高熵硼化物陶瓷。对陶瓷的相组成、微观结构和机械性能进行了研究,结果表明,在 1600 ℃ 时,(Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 高熵硼化物粉末中含有高熵相、氧化物杂质相、WB 相和 HfB2 相。在 2000 ℃ 烧结后,(Hf,Zr,W,Mo,Ti)B2 高熵硼化物陶瓷中没有氧化物杂质,由高熵相和少量 WB 第二相组成。硬度和断裂韧性分别为 29.9 ± 1.0 GPa 和 3.36 ± 0.21 MPa-m1/2。硬度高于采用原位反应烧结和硼热还原法制备的具有相同成分的高熵硼化物陶瓷。通过硼/碳热还原法制备的高熵陶瓷具有优异的机械性能,高于文献中报道的相同成分的陶瓷。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Automotive Catalysts Using Iron Smelting Method by Optimizing Slag Composition at Low Temperature 通过优化低温熔渣成分,采用铁冶炼方法从废汽车催化剂中高效回收铂族金属
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06751-8
Shubo A, Shuchen Sun, Ganfeng Tu, Yan Fu, Ronghui Liu, Liangxi Guo, Chengfu Sui, Kuopei Yu, Faxin Xiao

Spent automotive catalysts (SACs) are the most important secondary resource for platinum group metals (PGMs). Due to the complex physicochemical properties and low concentration of SAC, it is very difficult to recover Pt, Pd, and Rh. The technology of using smelting iron to recover PGMs has the advantages of a simple process and large-scale production. The rheological behavior of slag is an important influencing factor in the recycling process. In this paper, the principle of slag design is proposed, and CaO/SiO2 mass ratio and B2O3 content are used as parameters to adjust the composition of the slag. The viscosity of slag was measured by the rotation axis method, and the structure of the slag was characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The influence on the rheological properties and structure of slag was studied to optimize the smelting process. The optimized composition of the slag is 5.10 wt.%CaO-43.86 wt.%SiO2-9.40 wt.%Al2O3-5.64 wt.%MgO-6.00 wt.%B2O3. In the reduction melting experiment, the recovery rate of PGMs reached 99.8%. This, furthermore, avoids the generation of ferrosilicon (FeSi), providing a reference for the effective recovery of PGMs.

废汽车催化剂(SAC)是铂族金属(PGM)最重要的二次资源。由于废旧汽车催化剂(SAC)的物理化学性质复杂且浓度较低,因此很难回收铂、钯和铑。利用冶炼铁回收铂族金属的技术具有工艺简单、生产规模大等优点。炉渣的流变行为是回收过程中的一个重要影响因素。本文提出了炉渣设计原理,并以 CaO/SiO2 质量比和 B2O3 含量为参数调整炉渣成分。用旋转轴法测定了炉渣的粘度,并用傅立叶变换红外光谱和拉曼光谱表征了炉渣的结构。研究了炉渣流变特性和结构的影响,以优化冶炼工艺。优化后的炉渣成分为 5.10 重量%CaO-43.86 重量%SiO2-9.40 重量%Al2O3-5.64 重量%MgO-6.00 重量%B2O3。在还原熔化实验中,PGM 的回收率达到 99.8%。此外,这还避免了硅铁(FeSi)的生成,为有效回收 PGMs 提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
Crafting Multifunctional Materials with Tailored Mechanical and Magnetic Properties by Solid-State Non-equilibrium Processing 通过固态非平衡加工打造具有定制机械和磁性能的多功能材料
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06814-w
Farhan Ishrak, Tej Bahadur Poudel Chhetri, Ravi Sankar Haridas, Aniruddha Malakar, Sourabh Saptarshi, Rajiv Mishra, Mert Efe, Bharat Gwalani

Aluminum matrix composites hold promise for creating lightweight structural components with multifunctional properties. Nonetheless, achieving desired magnetic or electrical characteristics without compromising their fundamental mechanical properties presents a significant challenge. Here, we explore mechanical stir-based extrusion as a solid-state metalworking technique to develop fine-grained microstructures and highly refined metallic composites. Our study focuses on creating a SmCo5-reinforced aluminum matrix composite using solid stir extrusion (SSE) and assessing its microstructure, mechanical, and magnetic properties through a comprehensive suite of characterization tools, including x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and magnetometry. Our findings reveal that incorporating a small amount (3.76 wt.%) of SmCo5 phase in a non-heat-treatable, non-magnetic aluminum alloy via SSE yields a composite that exhibits good hard magnetic characteristics with a large coercivity (Hci = 13.5 kOe) and improved mechanical properties. This study underscores non-equilibrium processing via solid-state high-speed stirring as a compelling method for crafting multifunctional materials with tailored mechanical and magnetic properties.

铝基复合材料有望制造出具有多功能特性的轻质结构组件。然而,如何在不影响其基本机械性能的前提下实现所需的磁性或电性特性是一项重大挑战。在此,我们探索了基于机械搅拌的挤压技术,将其作为一种固态金属加工技术来开发细粒度微结构和高度精细的金属复合材料。我们的研究重点是利用固态搅拌挤压(SSE)制造 SmCo5 增强铝基复合材料,并通过 X 射线衍射、电子显微镜和磁力测量等一整套表征工具评估其微观结构、机械和磁性能。我们的研究结果表明,通过 SSE 在不可热处理的非磁性铝合金中加入少量(3.76 wt.%)SmCo5 相,可获得一种复合材料,这种复合材料具有良好的硬磁特性和较大的矫顽力(Hci = 13.5 kOe),并改善了机械性能。这项研究强调了通过固态高速搅拌进行非平衡加工是一种引人注目的方法,可用于制造具有定制机械和磁性能的多功能材料。
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引用次数: 0
On the Role of Al-B Master Alloy and Heat Treatment on Synergistic Improvement in Electrical Conductivity and Hardness of Al-Mg-Si Alloys 论 Al-B 母合金和热处理对协同改善 Al-Mg-Si 合金的导电性和硬度的作用
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06813-x
Pawan Bohane, Reyas Ali, Pallavi Deshmukh, Ajeet K. Srivastav

Optimally higher electrical conductivity and strength are most sought after but difficult to achieve in electrical grade Al alloys. In our study, we have investigated the improvement in both the properties of Al-Mg-Si alloy by introducing Al-8%B and Al-10%B master alloys to reduce the influence of impurity transition metals. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to compare the performance of Al-8%B and Al-10%B master alloys, evaluating their respective abilities in boron treatment. Further, the focus was on the improvement of electrical conductivity and hardness of these alloys through heat treatment. We observed that the electrical conductivity and hardness consistently increased to a specific temperature threshold and then decreased. Finally, the study proposes a simple and easy to implement approach to optimize the electrical conductivity and hardness of Al-Mg-Si alloys by performing heat treatment with suitable parameters. This approach is less energy intensive, scalable, and involved with less time consumption in comparison to other practiced approaches.

电工级铝合金最需要的是较高的导电性和强度,但却很难实现。在我们的研究中,我们研究了通过引入 Al-8%B 和 Al-10%B 母合金来减少杂质过渡金属的影响,从而改善 Al-Mg-Si 合金的两种性能。此外,我们还对 Al-8%B 和 Al-10%B 母合金的性能进行了综合分析比较,评估了它们各自在硼处理方面的能力。此外,我们还重点研究了通过热处理提高这些合金的导电性和硬度的问题。我们观察到,电导率和硬度在达到特定温度阈值后会持续上升,然后下降。最后,本研究提出了一种简单易行的方法,通过使用合适的参数进行热处理来优化铝镁硅合金的导电性和硬度。与其他实践方法相比,这种方法能耗低、可扩展、耗时少。
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引用次数: 0
Plasma/Ozone Induced PolyNaSS Graft-Polymerization onto PEEK Biomaterial for Bio-integrated Orthopedic Implants 等离子/臭氧诱导聚钠硒接枝聚合到 PEEK 生物材料上,用于生物集成骨科植入物
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06771-4
Chandrima Karthik, Renjith Rajan Pillai, Gerardo Hernandez Moreno, Prabaha Sikder, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Vinoy Thomas

Owing to its superior bulk mechanical properties, poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) has gained popularity over the past 15 years as a metal substitute in biomedical implants. Low surface energy is a fundamental issue with PEEK implants. This low surface energy caused by a moderately hydrophobic surface may be able to inhibit cellular adherence and result in the development of an inflammatory response, which may result in cell necrosis and apoptosis. In this work, plasma and ozone treatments have been utilized to surface activate PEEK and graft ionic bioactive polymer polyNaSS (poly (sodium styrene sulfonate)) successfully on the surface to promote cellular attachment and biomineralization. The main goal of our research has been to find a stable green process for surface modification of PEEK by plasma/ozone approaches to increase PolyNaSS grafting efficiency and biomineralization. To further the field of bioactive orthopedic and dental implant technology, this research attempts to address a significant constraint of PEEK implants while preserving their favorable mechanical properties.

过去 15 年来,聚醚醚酮(PEEK)因其优异的大块机械性能,作为生物医学植入物的金属替代品而广受欢迎。表面能低是 PEEK 植入物的一个基本问题。中度疏水性表面造成的低表面能可能会抑制细胞粘附,导致炎症反应的发生,从而导致细胞坏死和凋亡。在这项研究中,我们利用等离子和臭氧处理方法对 PEEK 进行表面活化,并成功地在其表面接枝离子生物活性聚合物 polyNaSS(聚(苯乙烯磺酸钠),以促进细胞附着和生物矿化。我们研究的主要目标是找到一种通过等离子/臭氧方法对 PEEK 进行表面改性的稳定绿色工艺,以提高 PolyNaSS 的接枝效率和生物矿化度。为了进一步推动生物活性骨科和牙科植入技术领域的发展,这项研究试图解决 PEEK 植入物的一个重要制约因素,同时保留其良好的机械性能。
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引用次数: 0
In Situ Observation of Inclusions Pinning Effect of Austenite Grain Growth in Fe−80Ni Permalloy With or Without Ce treatment 原位观察含或不含 Ce 处理的 Fe-80Ni 超耐热合金中奥氏体晶粒生长的夹杂钉扎效应
IF 2.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOM
Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11837-024-06759-0
Kean Yao, Yanwu Dong, Zhouhua Jiang, Yong Wang, Yushuo Li, Shuyang Du, Yuning Wu, Haibiao Qing

The magnetic properties of Fe−80Ni alloy are significantly influenced by its microstructure, making it the focus of research. In this study, we investigated the pinning effect of inclusions on austenite grain growth in Fe−80Ni using high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy (HT-CLSM) and explored the impact of Ce treatment on the pinning process and magnetic properties of Fe−80Ni alloy. The findings revealed that primary inclusions were transformed into Ce-containing inclusions with Ce treatment. Moreover, the Ce treatment resulted in a certain reduction in the number of inclusions. Simultaneously, there was an enhancement in the level of inclusions after deformation and annealing with Ce treatment. The HT-CLSM results highlighted that these inclusions impede grain boundary migration, facilitating the formation of finer grains due to the pinning effect during the annealing process. Furthermore, a reduced number of inclusions led to a larger average grain size after annealing, from 152.3 μm to 170.2 μm, consequently improving the magnetic properties of the alloy by 10-20%. To assess the deformability of different inclusions, we calculated the Young's modulus, yielding values of 141.5 GPa for CeO2 and 82.4 GPa for 6SiO2·Al2O3, respectively. Additionally, we elucidated the evolution of inclusion pinning during annealing based on TEM results.

Fe-80Ni 合金的磁性能受其微观结构的影响很大,因此成为研究的重点。在本研究中,我们利用高温激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(HT-CLSM)研究了夹杂物对 Fe-80Ni 中奥氏体晶粒生长的钉扎效应,并探讨了 Ce 处理对 Fe-80Ni 合金钉扎过程和磁性能的影响。研究结果表明,原生夹杂物经 Ce 处理后转变为含 Ce 夹杂物。此外,Ce 处理还导致夹杂物数量的一定程度减少。同时,经 Ce 处理后,变形和退火后夹杂物的含量有所增加。HT-CLSM 结果表明,这些夹杂物阻碍了晶界迁移,在退火过程中由于销钉效应促进了更细晶粒的形成。此外,夹杂物数量的减少导致退火后的平均晶粒尺寸增大,从 152.3 μm 增大到 170.2 μm,从而使合金的磁性能提高了 10-20%。为了评估不同夹杂物的变形能力,我们计算了杨氏模量,得出 CeO2 和 6SiO2-Al2O3 的杨氏模量值分别为 141.5 GPa 和 82.4 GPa。此外,我们还根据 TEM 结果阐明了退火过程中夹杂物钉化的演变。
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引用次数: 0
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JOM
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