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Plasma pyrolysis feasibility study of Spent Caustic waste to hydrogen production 废碱渣等离子体热解制氢可行性研究
IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00886-7
Rasoul Aghayee, Mohammadreza Khani, Farzaneh Ostovarpour, Mohammad Sadegh Abbassi Shanbehbazari, Mojtaba Shafiei, Mahtab Gharibi, Babak Mohammadhosseini, Babak Shokri

Spent caustic is a used industrial caustic whose chemical content puts it in the special waste category. The disposal of this waste and the production of value-added products from it has attracted the attention of researchers not only to solve environmental problems but also to take advantage of its byproducts. This research has experimentally proved the transferred thermal plasma technology as a practical method feasible for the disposal of spent caustic. In this study, the applied voltage, electrical current, and feed rate are variable parameters, and others are kept constant. GC analysis showed H2 as the main product, which is environmentally beneficial. The percentage of hydrogen production of approximately 74% is a promising result, considering the difficulty of achieving such a high percentage of hydrogen.

废烧碱是一种废旧工业烧碱,其化学成分属于特殊废物。这种废物的处理和从中生产增值产品引起了研究人员的注意,不仅要解决环境问题,而且要利用其副产品。实验证明了转移热等离子体技术是一种切实可行的废碱液处理方法。在本研究中,施加电压、电流和进给速度为可变参数,其他参数为恒定参数。气相色谱分析表明,主要产物为H2,对环境有利。考虑到实现如此高的氢气比例的难度,大约74%的氢气产量是一个很有希望的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Status of antibiotic residues in milk and dairy products of Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis 伊朗牛奶和乳制品中抗生素残留的现状:系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00889-4
Fatemeh Fatemi, Mahmood Alizadeh Sani, Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori, Mohammad Hashemi

Background

Today, antibiotics are widely used for treatment and feed additives to enhance livestock growth. Antibiotic residues may be found in food of animal origin for various reasons, including ignoring the withdrawal period after treatment, overuse for animals, and contamination of feed with treated animals in animal products. Among animal products, dairy products have a special place in the human diet, and antibiotic residues in them have caused a great deal of concern among consumers.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare studies conducted in Iran on antibiotic residues in dairy products during 2000–2022.

Methods

In this review, 52 eligible studies were collected by searching the Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Google Scholar, Science-Direct, Scopus, and PubMed using the English or Persian keywords such as an antibiotic or antimicrobial residue, Beta-lactam residue, Tetracycline residue, Sulfonamide residue, Chloramphenicol residue, Aminoglycosides residue, Macrolide residue, Quinolones residue, Milk, Raw milk, Pasteurized milk, UHT milk, Powder milk, Cheese, Yogurt, Butter, Cream, Doogh, Kashk, Ice cream, and Iran.

Results

According to the reviewed studies, the total prevalence of antibiotic residues in dairy products was 29% (95% CI: 15–43%). Among the seven evaluated antibiotic groups, most studies have been conducted on tetracycline, beta-lactam, and sulfonamide groups, with 16, 10, and 7 respectively, and the highest level of contamination with 663 ± 1540 μg/l is related to tetracycline. Most studies on antibiotic dairy product residues in Iran with 12, 11, and 8 studies are associated with East Azarbaijan province, then Tehran and Khorasan Razavi respectively, and no study has been conducted in 11 provinces of the country. According to the studies, Gilan, Qazvin and Razavi Khorasan provinces had the highest amount of antibiotic residue in milk with an average value of 56.415 ± 33.354, 45.955 ± 4.179 and 45.928 ± 33.027, respectively. Most of the methods used in the studies to measure antibiotic residues in milk were the Copan test kit and the HPLC method, which were used in 19 and 14 studies, respectively.

Conclusions

Studies have shown that the prevalence of antibiotic residue in dairy products in Iran is high, so applying an effective strategy and developing the necessary standards in this field to control milk quality is a public health necessity. The findings of this study show that further evaluation of fermented dairy products, especially non-fermented ones such as butter and cream, is needed to prevent adverse health reactions.

今天,抗生素被广泛用于治疗和饲料添加剂,以促进牲畜生长。动物源性食品中可能存在抗生素残留,原因多种多样,包括忽视治疗后的停药期、对动物过度使用、动物产品中使用治疗动物的饲料受到污染等。在动物产品中,乳制品在人类饮食中占有特殊的地位,其中的抗生素残留引起了消费者的极大关注。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估和比较2000-2022年期间在伊朗进行的乳制品抗生素残留研究。方法采用英文或波斯语关键词:抗生素或抗菌药物残留、β -内酰胺类残留、四环素类残留、磺胺类残留、氯霉素类残留、氨基糖苷类残留、大环内酯类残留、喹诺酮类残留、牛奶、生奶、巴氏杀菌奶、UHT奶、奶粉、奶酪、酸奶、黄油、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂、乳脂。奶油,面团,Kashk,冰淇淋和伊朗。结果根据回顾的研究,乳制品中抗生素残留的总流行率为29% (95% CI: 15-43%)。在7个被评价的抗生素组中,对四环素、β -内酰胺和磺胺类的研究最多,分别有16、10和7个,最高污染水平为663±1540 μg/l,与四环素有关。伊朗大多数关于抗生素乳制品残留的研究有12项、11项和8项研究分别与东Azarbaijan省有关,然后分别是德黑兰和Khorasan Razavi,在该国11个省没有进行研究。结果显示,吉兰省、加兹温省和拉扎维省的牛奶抗生素残留量最高,平均值分别为56.415±33.354、45.955±4.179和45.928±33.027。研究中使用最多的方法是Copan test kit和HPLC法,分别有19项和14项研究使用了Copan test kit和HPLC法。结论研究表明,伊朗乳制品中抗生素残留的发生率很高,因此在这一领域采取有效的策略和制定必要的标准来控制牛奶质量是公共卫生的需要。这项研究的结果表明,需要进一步评估发酵乳制品,特别是非发酵乳制品,如黄油和奶油,以防止不良的健康反应。
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引用次数: 0
Modification of cellulose with TiO2 nanoparticles: Potential solar driven photocatalyst and adsorbent 二氧化钛纳米颗粒改性纤维素:潜在的太阳能驱动光催化剂和吸附剂
IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00884-9
Deepti Sharma, Jai Prakash Mishra, Veena Dhayal

In-situ modification of cellulose fibers with titania nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) (TiO2 NPs-cellulose) was carried out via the sol–gel process using titania sol and fibers of cellulose. Cellulose fibers were extracted from wheat straw, an agricultural waste material, whereas titania sol was prepared from titanium(IV) acetoximate, [Ti{ONC(CH3)2}4]. The synthesized TiO2 NPs-cellulose composite was characterized by FT-IR, SEM–EDX, and XRD analyses. The obtained results exposed that TiO2 NPs were homogeneously dispersed over the surface of cellulose fibers. A study was conducted to compare the photocatalytic activities of TiO2 NPs-cellulose composite and TiO2 NPs towards the degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange dyes under sunlight, and it was observed that the photo-degradation of methylene blue (99.99%) and methyl orange (80.73%) within 160 min is higher in the presence of TiO2 NPs-cellulose composite than TiO2 NPs. The adsorption capabilities of TiO2 NPs-cellulose composite towards Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cr3+ toxic metal ions were also examined, and it was found 44.73 mg. g−1 (89.46%), 38.82 mg. g−1 (77.65%), and 4.42 mg. g−1 (8.85%), respectively. Removal of pollutants from textile industrial effluent were also investigated using TiO2 NPs-cellulose composite under sun light. The results obtained were very promising which shows potential of TiO2 NPs-cellulose composite as an efficient photocatalyst and absorbent for real time applications.

Graphical abstract

以二氧化钛溶胶和纤维素纤维为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化钛纳米粒子(TiO2 NPs) (TiO2 NPs-纤维素)原位改性纤维素纤维。以农业废弃物麦秸为原料提取纤维素纤维,以乙酰肟酸钛[Ti{ONC(CH3)2}4]为原料制备二氧化钛溶胶。采用FT-IR、SEM-EDX和XRD对合成的TiO2 nps -纤维素复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,TiO2纳米粒子均匀地分散在纤维素纤维表面。比较了TiO2 NPs-纤维素复合材料和TiO2 NPs在阳光下降解亚甲基蓝和甲基橙染料的光催化活性,发现在TiO2 NPs-纤维素复合材料存在下,160 min内亚甲基蓝(99.99%)和甲基橙(80.73%)的光降解率高于TiO2 NPs。TiO2 nps -纤维素复合材料对Pb2+、Cd2+和Cr3+有毒金属离子的吸附能力也进行了测试,发现其吸附量为44.73 mg。G−1 (89.46%),38.82 mg。G−1 (77.65%),4.42 mg。G−1(8.85%)。研究了TiO2 nps -纤维素复合材料在日光下对纺织工业废水中污染物的去除效果。结果表明,二氧化钛nps -纤维素复合材料作为一种高效的光催化剂和吸收剂具有良好的实时应用前景。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Human health risk assessment of toxic heavy metals in summer crops and vegetables: a study in Ilam Province, Iran 夏季作物和蔬菜中有毒重金属对人类健康的风险评估:伊朗伊拉姆省的一项研究
IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00881-y
Ali Amarloei, Seyed Abbas Mirzaei, Zahra Noorimotlagh, Shahrokh Nazmara, Heshmatollah Nourmoradi, Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard, Mohsen Heidari, Fazel Mohammadi-Moghadam, Sajad Mazloomi

Purpose

The presence of toxic heavy metals (HMs) in agricultural crops ‎can be considered as a noteworthy threat for consumers. The aim of this study was to assess the content of HMs ‎(Pb, As, Cr, Cd, Co, Hg, and Ag) and their potential health risk in summer crops and vegetables (watermelon, cantaloupe, cucumber, melon, tomato, onion, ‎potato, raw and stewed vegetables) in Ilam province, Iran.

Methods

Totally, 31 crop samples were collected from local farms during the 2019 harvest ‎season and the elements ‎ content were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The non-carcinogenic health risk of HMs to the adults and children was estimated by Monte Carlo simulation method and target hazard quotients (THQs).

Results

In general, the results showed that the concentration of Cr in the studied ‎agricultural crops was higher than other HMs. As well as, the carcinogenic risk (CR) obtained for adults and children were more than the acceptable range for As. Also, CR for As in raw vegetable was the most (‎8.19E-1) and violated the threshold risk limit. The total carcinogenic risk of HMs in children was higher than that in adults.

Conclusion

These results suggest that the agricultural crops were not safe for human consumption with potential risks associated. Due to the possible health effects of such products consumption, proper action should be taken to avoid chronic exposure, prevention of further pollution and consequent adverse health implications.

目的 农作物中有毒重金属(HMs)的存在对消费者来说是一个值得注意的威胁。本研究旨在评估伊朗伊拉姆省夏季农作物和蔬菜(西瓜、哈密瓜、黄瓜、甜瓜、番茄、洋葱、马铃薯、生蔬菜和炖菜)中 HMs(铅、砷、铬、镉、钴、汞和银)的含量及其潜在的健康风险。方法在 2019 年收获季节从当地农场共采集了 31 份农作物样本,并使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)评估了其中的元素含量。结果总体而言,所研究农作物中铬的浓度高于其他 HMs。成人和儿童的致癌风险 (CR) 也高于砷的可接受范围。此外,生蔬菜中砷的致癌风险最高(8.19E-1),超过了阈值风险限值。儿童摄入 HMs 的总致癌风险高于成人。由于食用此类产品可能对健康造成影响,因此应采取适当措施,避免长期接触,防止进一步污染和对健康造成不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Nanosorbent based on coprecipitation of ZnO in goethite for competitive sorption of Cd(II)-Pb(II) and Cd(II)-Pb(II)-Ni(II) systems 基于氧化锌在网沸石中共沉淀的纳米吸附剂,用于竞争性吸附镉(II)-铅(II)和镉(II)-铅(II)-镍(II)体系
IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00882-x
John Godwin, Jacques Romain Njimou, Nasalam Abdus-Salam, Haleemat Iyabode Adegoke, Prasanna Kumar Panda, Bankim Chandra Tripathy, Sanda Andrada Maicaneanu

Amongst the various water pollutants, heavy metal ions require special attention because of their toxic nature and effects on humans and the environment. Preserving natural resources will have positive impacts on living conditions by reducing diseases and water treatment by nanotechnology is effective in solving this problem owing to the properties of nanomaterials. In this study, a goethite nanoparticle was prepared by hydrothermal method, while ZnO/goethite nanocomposite by co-precipitation was developed. The nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transform Electron Microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA-DTA), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Breunner-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The adsorption of Cd(II)-Pb(II) and Cd(II)-Pb(II)-Ni(II) ions systems on ZnO/goethite nanocomposite was investigated in a batch mode. The findings of the study showed that nanoparticles ZnO/goethite composite were mixed of spherical and rod-like shapes. The BET results revealed average particle sizes of 41.11 nm for nanoparticles for ZnO/goethite while TGA/DTA confirmed the stability of the adsorbents. The optimum adsorption capacities of the nanocomposite for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) ions from the Pb-Cd-Ni ternary system were 415.5, 195.3, and 87.13 mg g−1, respectively. The adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. The study concluded that the nanoparticle adsorbents are efficient for the remediation of toxic pollutants and are, therefore, recommended for wastewater treatment.

在各种水污染物中,重金属离子因其毒性及其对人类和环境的影响而需要特别关注。保护自然资源将通过减少疾病对生活条件产生积极影响,而由于纳米材料的特性,利用纳米技术进行水处理可有效解决这一问题。本研究采用水热法制备了鹅皂石纳米粒子,并通过共沉淀法研制了氧化锌/鹅皂石纳米复合材料。使用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、变换电子显微镜 (TEM)、热重-差热分析 (TGA-DTA)、动态光散射 (DLS) 和 Breunner-Emmet-Teller (BET) 表面积分析对纳米粒子进行了表征。以批处理模式研究了镉(II)-铅(II)和镉(II)-铅(II)-镍(II)离子体系在 ZnO/鹅卵石纳米复合材料上的吸附情况。研究结果表明,氧化锌/鹅卵石纳米复合材料中的纳米粒子既有球形的,也有杆状的。BET 结果显示,纳米颗粒 ZnO/ goethite 的平均粒径为 41.11 nm,而 TGA/DTA 则证实了吸附剂的稳定性。纳米复合材料对 Pb-Cd-Ni 三元体系中的 Pb(II)、Cd(II) 和 Ni(II) 离子的最佳吸附容量分别为 415.5、195.3 和 87.13 mg g-1。吸附等温线数据与 Langmuir 等温线模型十分吻合。研究得出结论,纳米颗粒吸附剂可以有效地修复有毒污染物,因此推荐用于废水处理。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the environmental performance of sugarcane companies based on waste disposed of on the soil 根据土壤废弃物评估甘蔗公司的环境绩效
IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00880-z
Erik Geraldo da Silva Souza, Marcelo Girotto Rebelato

Purpose

This study aimed to present an index (IEP) to evaluate the environmental performance of the sugar-energy industrial process based on the waste generated in manufacturing operations. The residues considered in this study were: vinasse, filter cake, ash and soot, residual waters, and sewage sludge.

Methods

The index created was developed to take into account, and to be directly proportional to the environmental impact of each residue generated by the sugar-energy production, to the relative spatial dispersion that each waste can reach, and to the environmental fragility of the hydrographic basin where the plant under evaluation is inserted and works. The lower IEP, the better the company valuation.

Results

The index was tested in a real company and exhibited an IEP Total = 1,4.1013 km2.p/yr, which shows weak waste management by the enterprise. Vinasse was responsible for 50% of the IEP Total, while filter cake contributed 45% to it. Ash and soot, residual waters, and sewage sludge were together responsible for 5% of the IEP Total.

Conclusion

The theoretical conception used in this study is inspiring for the development of new studies on environmental assessment measurement. The study showed that vinasse is the most problematic waste in environmental terms, a conclusion that is in line with academic studies. Nevertheless, the waste with the greatest potential impact on the environment is filter cake. Despite this, filter cake presented a lower IEP(i) than vinasse, given that its negative impact on the basin is smaller. Both wastes contributed 95% of the IEP Total, which places them among the residues to be managed with greater attention.

目的 本研究旨在提出一种指数(IEP),根据生产过程中产生的废物来评估制糖-能源工业过程的环境绩效。本研究中考虑的残留物包括:蔗渣、滤饼、灰烬和烟尘、残留水和污水污泥。方法所创建的指数考虑到了制糖能源生产过程中产生的每种残留物对环境的影响、每种废物所能达到的相对空间散布以及被评估工厂所在和工作的水文流域的环境脆弱性,并与之成正比。结果在一家实际企业中测试了该指数,结果显示 IEP 总量 = 1.4.1013 平方公里/年,这表明该企业的废物管理薄弱。蔗渣占 IEP 总量的 50%,滤饼占 45%。本研究采用的理论概念对开展新的环境评估测量研究具有启发意义。研究表明,从环境角度看,蔗渣是最有问题的废物,这一结论与学术研究一致。然而,对环境潜在影响最大的废物是滤饼。尽管如此,由于滤饼对流域的负面影响较小,因此其综合环境影响指数(i)低于蔗渣。这两种废物占 IEP 总量的 95%,因此属于需要更加重视管理的残留物。
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引用次数: 0
Microplastics as carriers of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill leachate and soil: a review 城市固体废物(MSW)填埋场渗滤液和土壤中作为抗生素耐药基因和病原体载体的微塑料:综述
IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00879-6
Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh, Nastaran Talepour

Landfill leachate contains antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microplastics (MPs), making it an important reservoir. However, little research has been conducted on how ARGs are enriched on MPs and how the presence of MPs affects pathogens and ARGs in leachates and soil. MPs possess the capacity to establish unique bacterial populations and assimilate contaminants from their immediate surroundings, generating a potential environment conducive to the growth of disease-causing microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), thereby exerting selection pressure. Through a comprehensive analysis of scientific literature, we have carried out a practical assessment of this topic. The gathering of pollutants and the formation of dense bacterial communities on microplastics create advantageous circumstances for an increased frequency of ARG transfer and evolution. Additional investigations are necessary to acquire a more profound comprehension of how pathogens and ARGs are enriched, transported, and transferred on microplastics. This research is essential for evaluating the health risks associated with human exposure to these pollutants.

Graphical Abstract

垃圾填埋场渗滤液含有抗生素耐药基因 (ARGs) 和微塑料 (MPs),是一个重要的储存库。然而,关于 ARGs 如何在 MPs 上富集以及 MPs 的存在如何影响渗滤液和土壤中的病原体和 ARGs 的研究却很少。MPs 有能力建立独特的细菌种群并从其周围环境中吸收污染物,从而产生有利于致病微生物和抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 生长的潜在环境,从而施加选择压力。通过对科学文献的综合分析,我们对这一主题进行了实际评估。污染物的聚集和微塑料上密集细菌群落的形成,为增加 ARG 的转移和进化频率创造了有利条件。为了更深入地了解病原体和 ARG 是如何在微塑料上富集、迁移和转移的,有必要进行更多的调查。这项研究对于评估人类接触这些污染物所带来的健康风险至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Continuous treatment of highly concentrated tannery wastewater using novel porous composite beads: Central composite design optimization study 使用新型多孔复合珠粒连续处理高浓度制革废水:中心复合设计优化研究。
IF 3.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00878-7
Amina Lissaneddine, Khalid Aziz, Naaila Ouazzani, Mounir El Achaby, Imane Haydari, Laila Mandi, Faissal Aziz

This present study depicts the successful employment of fixed-bed column for total chromium removal from tannery wastewater in dynamic mode using sodium alginate-powdered marble beads (SA–Marble) as adsorbent. The SA–Marble composite beads prepared were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method. The adsorption process performance of this bio-sorbent was examined in batches and columns for real effluent (tannery wastewater). After 90 min, the total chromium removal efficiency could be kept above 90% in the batch experiment. The adsorption kinetics fit better with the pseudo-second-order model, indicating the chemisorption process and the adsorption capacity of about 67.74 mg g−1 at 293 K (C0 = 7100 mg L−1) was obtained. Additionally, dynamic experiments indicate that the total chromium removal efficiency could be maintained above 90% after 120 min at 293 K and 60 min at 318 and 333 K; it’s an endothermic but rapid process. The effects of two adsorption variables (Temperature and time) were investigated using central composite design (CCD), which is a subset of response surface methodology (total Cr, COD, sulfate, and total phosphorus percentage removal). This work paves a new avenue for synthesizing SA–Marble composite beads and provides an adsorption efficiency of total chromium removal from tannery wastewater.

Graphical abstract

本研究以海藻酸钠大理石珠(SA marble)为吸附剂,成功地采用固定床柱以动态模式去除制革废水中的总铬。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和Brunauer、Emmett和Teller(BET)方法对制备的SA大理石复合珠粒进行了表征。对该生物吸附剂在实际废水(制革废水)中的吸附过程进行了分批和柱式测试。90分钟后,在分批实验中,总铬去除率可以保持在90%以上。吸附动力学与拟二阶模型拟合较好,表明在293K(C0 = 7100mg L-1)。此外,动力学实验表明,在293K下120分钟和318和333K下60分钟后,总铬去除率可以保持在90%以上;这是一个吸热但快速的过程。使用中心复合设计(CCD)研究了两个吸附变量(温度和时间)的影响,CCD是响应面方法的一个子集(总Cr、COD、硫酸盐和总磷百分比去除)。该工作为合成SA大理石复合珠开辟了一条新的途径,并提供了从制革废水中去除总铬的吸附效率。图形摘要:
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引用次数: 0
Removal of organic micropollutants from water by adsorption on thermo-plasma expanded graphite encapsulated into calcium alginate 海藻酸钙包埋热等离子体膨胀石墨吸附去除水中有机微污染物
IF 3.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00876-9
Marco Cuccarese, Stijn W. H. Van Hulle, Ignazio M. Mancini, Salvatore Masi, Donatella Caniani

Nowadays, public concern is focused on the degradation of water quality. For this reason, the development of innovative technologies for water treatment in view of (micro)pollutant removal is important. Indeed, organic (micro)pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, herbicides, pesticides and plasticizers at concentration levels of μg L−1 or even ng L−1 are hardly removed during conventional wastewater treatment. In view of this, thermo-plasma expanded graphite, a light-weight innovative material in the form of a powder, was encapsulated into calcium alginate to obtain a granular form useful as filtration and adsorption material for removal of different pollutants. The produced material was used to remove atrazine, bisphenol-A, 17-α-ethinylestradiol and carbamazepine (at concentration levels of 125, 250 and 500 µg L−1) by top-down filtration. The effect of flow rate, bed depth and adsorbent composition was evaluated based on breakthrough curves. The experimental data was analysed with the Adams-Bohart model in view of scale-up. Under optimal conditions, removal and adsorption capacity of respectively about 21%, 21%, 38%,42%, 43 µg g−1, 44 µg g−1, 37 µg g−1 and 87 µg g−1 were obtained for atrazine, bisphenol, 17-α ethinylestradiol and carbamazepine when using 0.12 g of thermo-plasma expanded graphite to treat 200 mL at 500 µg L−1 (for each compound) of solution obtaining at contact time of 20 min. The granular form of TPEG obtained (GTPEG) by entrapping in calcium alginate results to have a good adsorbent property for the removal of carbamazepine, atrazine, bisphenol A and 17-α ethinylestradiol from water at concentration levels between 250 and 500 μg L−1. Promising results confirm the adsorbent properties of TPEG and push-up us to investigate on its application and improve of its performance by evaluating different entrapping materials.

如今,公众关注的焦点是水质的恶化。因此,从(微)污染物去除的角度发展水处理的创新技术是重要的。事实上,在传统的废水处理过程中,浓度为μg L−1甚至ng L−1的有机(微量)污染物,如药品、除草剂、杀虫剂和增塑剂,几乎无法去除。有鉴于此,将粉末形式的轻质创新材料热等离子体膨胀石墨封装到海藻酸钙中,以获得可用作过滤和吸附材料的颗粒形式,用于去除不同污染物。生产的材料用于通过自上而下的过滤去除阿特拉津、双酚A、17-α-乙炔雌二醇和卡马西平(浓度水平为125、250和500µg L−1)。基于穿透曲线评估了流速、床层深度和吸附剂组成的影响。实验数据用Adams-Bohart模型进行了放大分析。在最佳条件下,对阿特拉津、双酚、,17-α乙炔雌二醇和卡马西平,当使用0.12 g热等离子体膨胀石墨以500µg L−1(每种化合物)处理200 mL溶液时,在20分钟的接触时间内获得。通过包埋在海藻酸钙中获得的颗粒状TPEG(GTPEG)对浓度在250至500μg L−1之间的水中卡马西平、阿特拉津、双酚a和17-α乙炔雌二醇具有良好的吸附性能。有希望的结果证实了TPEG的吸附性能,并推动我们通过评估不同的包埋材料来研究其应用和提高其性能。
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引用次数: 1
Microplastics removal technologies from aqueous environments: a systematic review 水环境中微塑料去除技术:系统综述
IF 3.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00872-z
Arman Arbabi, Mitra Gholami, Mahdi Farzadkia, Shirin Djalalinia

Purpose

Pollution of the environment with all kinds of plastics has become a growing problem. The problem of microplastics is mainly due to the absorption of stable organic pollutants and metals into them, and as a result, their environmental toxicity increases. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the appropriate and efficient methods of removing microplastics from aqueous environments through a systematic review.

Methods

Present study designed according to PRISMA guidelines. Two independent researchers followed all process from search to final analysis, for the relevant studies using international databases of PubMed, Scopus and ISI/WOS (Web of Science), without time limit. The search strategy developed based on the main axis of “microplastics”, “aqueous environments” and “removal”. This research was carried out from 2017 until the March of 2022. All relevant observational, analytical studies, review articles, and a meta-analysis were included.

Results

Through a comprehensive systematic search we found 2974 papers, after running the proses of refining, 80 eligible papers included to the study. According to the results of the review, the methods of removing microplastics from aquatic environments were divided to physical (12), chemical (18), physicochemical (27), biological (12) and integrated (11) methods. In different removal methods, the most dominant group of studied microplastics belonged to the four groups of polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene tetra phthalate (PET). Average removal efficiency of microplastics in different processes in each method was as: physical method (73.76%), chemical method (74.38%), physicochemical method (80.44%), biological method (75.23%) and integrated method (88.63%). The highest removal efficiency occurred in the processes based on the integrated method and the lowest efficiency occurred in the physical method. In total, 80% of the studies were conducted on a laboratory scale, 18.75% on a full scale and 1.25% on a pilot scale.

Conclusion

According to the findings; different processes based on physical, chemical, physicochemical, biological and integrated methods are able to remove microplastics with high efficiency from aqueous environments and in order to reduce their hazardous effects on health and environment, these processes can be easily used.

目的各种塑料对环境的污染已经成为一个日益严重的问题。微塑料的问题主要是由于其吸收了稳定的有机污染物和金属,因此其环境毒性增加。本研究的主要目的是通过系统综述,研究从水环境中去除微塑料的适当有效方法。方法本研究按PRISMA指导原则设计。两名独立研究人员使用PubMed、Scopus和ISI/WOS(Web of Science)的国际数据库对相关研究进行了从搜索到最终分析的所有过程,没有时间限制。搜索策略以“微塑料”、“水环境”和“去除”为主轴。这项研究从2017年一直进行到2022年3月。包括所有相关的观察、分析研究、综述文章和荟萃分析。结果通过全面系统的检索,共发现2974篇论文,经过提炼,80篇符合条件的论文纳入本研究。根据综述结果,从水生环境中去除微塑料的方法分为物理(12)、化学(18)、物理化学(27)、生物(12)和综合(11)方法。在不同的去除方法中,所研究的微塑料中最主要的一组属于聚乙烯(PE)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚丙烯(PP)和聚对苯二甲酸四酯(PET)四组。不同工艺对微塑料的平均去除率分别为:物理法(73.76%)、化学法(74.38%)、物理化学法(80.44%)、生物法(75.23%)和综合法(88.63%)。总的来说,80%的研究是在实验室规模上进行的,18.75%是在全规模上进行,1.25%是在中试规模上进行。结论根据研究结果;基于物理、化学、物理化学、生物和综合方法的不同工艺能够高效去除水环境中的微塑料,为了减少其对健康和环境的危害,这些工艺可以很容易地使用。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering
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