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2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring最新文献

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Stormwater Utilization as an Environmental-Friendly Method to Alleviate Urban Water Resources Crisis: Taking Qingdao as an Example 利用雨水缓解城市水资源危机——以青岛市为例
Zhang Shengtang, Guo Xiaojia, Jiang Yun
China economy has been keeping a high growth rate in recent years. The water resources consumption grows continually in Chinese urban areas, and urban water resources crisis is becoming more conspicuous. This situation causes arange of resources and environmental problems. It is urgent to solve the urban water crisis for China sustainable development. Seawater desalination, reclaimed water reuse and storm water utilization are three possible ways to alleviate the urban water resource (resources)crisis. The operating costs comparison shows that storm water utilization is the most economical way than the other two. Qingdao, one of the absolute water shortage Chinese cities, is taken as an example to determine the storm water utilization potential based on the monthly precipitation data from 1986 to 2005. According to Qingdao medium and long-term development planning, the water shortage volume in different periods is forecasted. Comparing the storm water utilization potential with the water shortage volume in the same period, it infers that storm water utilization is effective to alleviate water crises in most Chinese cities and boost the socio-economic in a healthy and sustainable way.
近年来,中国经济一直保持高速增长。我国城市水资源消耗量持续增长,城市水资源危机日益突出。这种情况造成了一系列的资源和环境问题。解决城市水危机是中国可持续发展的当务之急。海水淡化、中水回用和雨水利用是缓解城市水资源(资源)危机的三种可能途径。运行费用比较表明,雨水利用是最经济的方式。以中国绝对缺水城市青岛为例,利用1986 ~ 2005年的月降水资料,确定了青岛的暴雨水利用潜力。根据青岛市中长期发展规划,对青岛市不同时期的缺水量进行了预测。对比同期雨水利用潜力与水资源短缺量,得出雨水利用能够有效缓解中国大部分城市的水危机,健康、可持续地促进社会经济发展。
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引用次数: 1
Study on Available Copper Content in Cultivated Soils and Its Affecting Factors in Zhuhai 珠海市耕地土壤有效铜含量及其影响因素研究
Dafang Wu, Yanyan Liu, Yihua Liu, Yuxiang Dong, Jianfei Chen, Y. Feng, Jianhui Du
The Zhuhai city in Pearl River Delta was chosen as a study area. The soil samples were recollected according to the sampling points of Second National Soil Survey. Based on application of geographical information system (GIS) and SPSS software, the content, distribution and its influence factors of available Cu in cultivated soils were analyzed. The results showed that: the average available copper content in soil depth of 0-40cm of cultivated land in Zhuhai is 3.13mg¡¤kg-1, variation range is 0.02-99.96mg¡¤kg-1. When the soil depth of cultivated land increased, available copper content ranges rapid decreased. The rank of content range, average, standard deviation, variance, skewness and peakness of different land use types in decreasing order is vegetable soil > paddy field > dry land. Regression analysis using line equation, power function and exponential function between available copper content and affecting factors shows that: a positive correlation exits between pH and the available copper content in some soil depth. There is a remarkable positive correlation exit between the available copper content and organic matte. The available copper content and clay content also has a remarkable positive correlation. In soil depth of 12-27cm, the correlation coefficient of line equitation between pH and the available copper content is the biggest. In soil depth of 27-40cm, the correlation coefficient of exponential function between clay content and the available copper content is the biggest. In other soil depth, the correlation coefficient of power function between the available copper content and its affecting factors are the biggest. There are significant differences among nature affecting factors of available copper content in different depth of cultivated land. When pH ¡Ü 7.0 and pH £¾ 7.0, affecting factors of available copper content in soil depth of 0-12cm in decreasing order is organic matter > pH > clay content and clay content > organic matter > pH, while affecting factors of available copper content in soil depth of 12-27cm¡¢27-40 cm in decreasing order is clay content > organic matter > pH and organic matter > clay content > pH.
选择珠江三角洲的珠海市作为研究区域。土壤样品根据第二次全国土壤调查的采样点重新采集。利用地理信息系统(GIS)和SPSS软件,分析了耕地土壤中有效铜的含量、分布及其影响因素。结果表明:珠海市0 ~ 40cm耕地土壤深度有效铜含量平均为3.13mg·kg-1,变化范围为0.02 ~ 99.96mg·kg-1。随着耕地土壤深度的增加,有效铜含量范围迅速下降。不同土地利用类型的含量极差、平均值、标准差、方差、偏度和峰值由大到小依次为菜地>水田>旱地。利用线性方程、幂函数和指数函数对有效铜含量与影响因素进行回归分析,结果表明:在某些深度,pH值与有效铜含量呈正相关。有效铜含量与有机质呈显著正相关。有效铜含量与粘土含量也呈显著正相关。土壤深度为12 ~ 27cm时,pH值与有效铜含量的直线方程相关系数最大。在27 ~ 40cm土层深度,黏土含量与有效铜含量的指数函数相关系数最大。在其他土层深度,有效铜含量与其影响因素的幂函数相关系数最大。不同深度耕地有效铜含量的自然影响因子存在显著差异。pH≥Ü 7.0和pH≥3.4 7.0时,0 ~ 12cm土壤有效铜含量的影响因素依次为有机质> pH >粘土含量和粘土含量>有机质> pH; 12 ~ 27cm ~ 27 ~ 40cm土壤有效铜含量的影响因素依次为粘土含量>有机质> pH和有机质>粘土含量> pH。
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引用次数: 3
Development and Application of a New Sulfur Dioxide Sorbent Based on Sewage Sludge 基于污泥的新型二氧化硫吸附剂的研制与应用
Liang Yili, Tian Jing, Jin Yuquan, He Hong, Wang Yao
Sewage sludge-derived materials and two sorts of industrial solid waste were used to produce a sorbent for sulfur dioxide adsorption at low concentration. The sulfur dioxide capacity was measured according to a laboratory-developed breakthrough test. Uniform Design Method was used to formulate the different ratios of the three main raw materials and the desulfurizer HN04 was chosen as the optimal sorbent due to the highest sulfur dioxide capacity8.8 mg¡¤g-1 and the largest BET 13.1771 m2¡¤g -1. The effects of a few conditions on the SO2 removal behavior of the sorbent were studied. The results evince that the sorbent HN04 under the best conditions of 5714 mg¡¤m-3 inlet SO2 concentration, 2000h-1 space velocity and 473K desulfurization temperature in steam has the maximum breakthrough sulfur dioxide capacity 9.7 mg¡¤g-1.
以污水污泥为原料,结合两种工业固体废弃物制备低浓度二氧化硫吸附剂。二氧化硫容量是根据实验室开发的突破性测试来测量的。采用均匀设计法确定了三种主要原料的不同配比,脱硫剂HN04以其最高的二氧化硫容量8.8 mg·g-1和最大的比表面积13.1771 m2·g-1为最佳吸附剂。研究了几种条件对吸附剂去除SO2性能的影响。结果表明,吸附剂HN04在SO2进口浓度5714 mg·m-3、空速2000h-1、蒸汽脱硫温度473K的最佳条件下,最大突破二氧化硫容量为9.7 mg·g-1。
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引用次数: 0
Low-Temperature and Frost Risk Division of Olive in FuJian Province Based on GIS 基于GIS的福建省橄榄低温霜冻风险区划
Chen Jiajin, W. Jiayi, Mao Zhiguo, Lin Jing, Yang Kai, L. Lichun
According the low-temperature (Td) data of 60years from 1950/1951 to 2009-2010 in Fujian Province, geographic information, olive planting area, cut rates of yield and the farmer¡¯s net income, the low-temperature frost risk division of olive plant is done based on GIS technology, expert grading method, mathematical statistics and so on. The mainly indexes include the four factors of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and disaster prevention and reduction capability those combined results of the natural disaster risk, and the olive comprehensive risk assessment index is made of them to forming a division map of olive low-temperature and frost. The mainly results as follows: The risk factors of distribution are an uneven distribution. It is high low-temperature and frost risk region in County of Minqing, Shan hang, and YouXi, and the risk index reached 0.7418, 0.5818, 0.51, the olive can develop in those areas that are FuZhou south coast, PuTi an, QuanZhou and the most parts of ZhangZhou in Fujian Province.
根据福建省1950/1951年至2009-2010年60年的低温(Td)数据、地理信息、橄榄树种植面积、减产率和农民纯收入,采用GIS技术、专家分级法、数理统计等方法对橄榄树低温霜冻风险进行了划分。主要指标包括危险度、暴露度、易损性和防灾减灾能力这四个自然灾害风险综合结果,并以此构成橄榄综合风险评价指标,形成橄榄低温霜冻分区图。主要结果如下:风险因素分布不均匀。闽清县、山航县、油溪县为高低温霜冻风险区,风险指数分别为0.7418、0.5818、0.51,在福建省福州市南沿海、莆田县、泉州及漳州大部分地区均可生长。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Water Quality Assessment of Urban River 城市河流水质评价研究
Liu Lu, C. Liang, G. Pin, Chen Gang
The paper presents the principle and calculation process of the principal component analysis which is a useful method of water quality assessment. Eight indicators include dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, BOD, ammonia nitrogen, copper, zinc, volatile phenol, oil in 20 monitoring sections of Ningbo urban river were analyzed by using principal component analysis. Three factors with 86.67% of accumulated contribution rates were extracted from the original data, which include organic matter factor, heavy metal matter factor, ammonia nitrogen and volatile phenol factor. The results show that 50% water sections can¡¯t reach the standards, most of them located in Yinzhou River, YinRiver and Fenghua River. The results consist with the actual situation.
本文介绍了主成分分析法的原理和计算过程,这是一种有效的水质评价方法。采用主成分分析法对宁波市城区河流20个监测断面的溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、BOD、氨氮、铜、锌、挥发性酚、油8项指标进行了分析。从原始数据中提取出累积贡献率达86.67%的3个因子,分别为有机质因子、重金属物质因子、氨氮因子和挥发性酚因子。结果表明,有50%的水段达不到标准,其中以鄞州河、鄞河和丰华河的水段居多。结果与实际情况相符。
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引用次数: 1
Study on Spatial Distribution of Concentrations of Soil Heavy Metals in Dexing Area, Jiangxi Province 江西省德兴地区土壤重金属浓度空间分布研究
Zhou Zhongkui
To study the spatial distribution characteristics of 10heavy metals(As, Hg, Mo, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, Ti) in the soil of Dexing area, Semi-variance function is used to quantitatively describe the structural features of the spatial distribution and map the content distribution. The analysis shows, in addition to cadmium and lead, other elements fit relatively well, which reflects a good spatial structure of the heavy metals content of soil in Dexing. The relatively poor fitting effect of cadmium and lead indicates poor spatial structure and complex control factors. Various factors interaction result in the element content distribution going to complexity. Most elements show some directional features, which are consistent with the same feature in the distribution maps. The distribution maps show that high contents of heavy metal are focus on the Dexing mining area and some small mining areas. The mine exploration is the main reason for the rise of the content of heavy metals and even pollution in Dexing area.
为了研究德兴地区土壤中10种重金属(As、Hg、Mo、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu、Mn、Pb、Ti)的空间分布特征,采用半方差函数定量描述了空间分布的结构特征,绘制了含量分布图。分析表明,除镉和铅外,其他元素的拟合程度相对较好,反映了德兴土壤重金属含量具有较好的空间结构。镉和铅的拟合效果相对较差,表明空间结构较差,控制因素复杂。各种因素的相互作用导致元素含量分布趋于复杂。大多数元素表现出一定的方向性特征,这与分布图中的相同特征是一致的。从分布图上看,重金属含量高的矿区主要集中在德兴矿区和一些小矿区。矿山开采是造成德兴地区重金属含量上升甚至污染的主要原因。
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引用次数: 1
Response of Sugarcane Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Spectral Reflectance to Water Stress in Elongation 甘蔗伸长期叶绿素荧光参数和光谱反射率对水分胁迫的响应
Haibo Chen, Xiaodong Zheng, Jiuhao Li, Jingdong Zhang, Xinwu Xu
The response of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters characteristics and spectral reflectance in New sugarcane 22(T22) were studied under 4 different water treaments in pots. The results showed that, except qN increased, other chlorophyll fluorescence parameters as Fv/Fm, PS ¢ò, rETR and qP decreased with increasing of water stress. Photo system can be injuried by drought, the injury will be further intensified as water stress exacerbated. The general trend of spectral curve was consistent under different water treaments, the same peaks and valleys, However, the band reflectance values were different, the canopy reflectance of most bands were CK
研究了新甘蔗22号(T22)在4种不同水分处理下叶绿素荧光参数特征和光谱反射率的响应。结果表明,除qN升高外,其他叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm、PSⅱò、rETR和qP均随水分胁迫的增加而降低。干旱会对植物的光系统造成伤害,随着水分胁迫的加剧,这种伤害会进一步加剧。不同水处理下的光谱曲线总体趋势一致,峰谷相同,但波段反射率值不同,大部分波段的冠层反射率为CK
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引用次数: 1
The Analysis of Water Use and Water Conservation in Papermaking Industry 造纸工业用水与节水分析
Jing Wang, Yajun Zhang
Emphasizing the important role of process water conservation to improve the level of water use in papermaking industry, then the detailed analysis is made to the process water of papermaking industry from the processes and the water consumption points. According to the features of each process and water consumption point separately, water-saving measures are proposed correspondingly aimed at maximizing the process water conservation and promoting the level of water saving in papermaking industry.
强调工艺节水对提高造纸工业用水水平的重要作用,从工艺流程和耗水点对造纸工业的工艺用水进行了详细的分析。根据造纸各工艺和用水点的特点,分别提出相应的节水措施,以最大限度地节约工艺用水,提高造纸工业的节水水平。
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引用次数: 1
Study on the Determination of Trace Lead by Spectrophotometry after Flotation Separation with Ternary Association Complex System 三元缔合络合物浮选分离后分光光度法测定痕量铅的研究
Wen Xinrong, Tu Changqing
The paper presents a novel method for the flotation separation of Pb2+ with ternary association complex system prior to the determination by spectrophotometry. The effects of different parameters, such as the dosages of KI and hexa decyl trim ethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB), various salts and acidity etc. on the flotation yield of Pb 2+ have been investigated to select the experimental conditions. The possible flotation mechanism of Pb2+ was discussed. The results showed that by controlling pH1.0, in the presence of 1.0g NaNO3, when the dosage of 0.1 mol¡¤L-1 KI solution was 1.00 mL and 0.01 mol¡¤L-1CTMAB solution was 0.50 mL respectively, the water-insoluble ternary association complex of (CTMAB)2(PbI4) which produced by Pb2+ and I-, CTMAB cation (CTMAB+) floated above water phase and liquid-solid phases were formed with clear interface, while Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Al3+ could not be floated, so Pb2+ was floated quantitatively at pH1.0. Thereby, the quantitative separation of Pb2+ from the above metal ions could be achieved. A new method of determination of trace lead by flotation separation was established. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Pb2+ in the sample of synthetic water and the flotation yield was96.3%~106.6%.
提出了在分光光度法测定前用三元缔合络合物浮选分离Pb2+的新方法。考察了KI和六癸基甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)用量、不同盐类和酸度等参数对pb2 +浮选产率的影响,选择了实验条件。探讨了Pb2+的可能浮选机理。结果表明:通过控制pH1.0,在1.0g NaNO3存在下,当0.1 mol·L-1 KI溶液用量为1.00 mL和0.01 mol·L-1CTMAB溶液用量为0.50 mL时,Pb2+和I-生成的(CTMAB)2(PbI4)水不溶性三元缔合物,CTMAB阳离子(CTMAB+)浮于水相和液固相之上,形成界面清晰,而Fe2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Mn2+和Al3+不能浮于水相和液固相之上;因此,Pb2+在pH1.0下定量漂浮。从而实现了Pb2+与上述金属离子的定量分离。建立了浮选分离法测定痕量铅的新方法。该方法已成功应用于合成水中Pb2+的测定,浮选率为96.3%~106.6%。
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引用次数: 0
Probing into Application Mode of Digital Agriculture in Anhui Province 安徽省数字农业应用模式探讨
Sheng Baozhu, Chen Lei
While informationization is now the main direction and objective of agricultural development£¬digital agriculture is the key technique to realize the agro-informationization and an important means to solve the present problems of¡°agriculture£¬farmer and rural area¡±. In this paper, the development of digital agriculture in an hui province is discussed£®Besides£¬some problems were pointed out. Further more £¬ a application mode suitable for Anhui developing digital agriculture should be worked out£®
信息化是当前农业发展的主要方向和目标,而数字农业是实现农业信息化的关键技术,是解决当前“三农”问题的重要手段。本文对安徽数字农业的发展进行了探讨,并指出了存在的问题。进一步探索出适合安徽发展数字农业的应用模式
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2011 International Conference on Computer Distributed Control and Intelligent Environmental Monitoring
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