Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313604
M. Meissner, M. Rosch, B. Schmauss, G. Leuchs
In this paper, an asymmetric nonlinear optical loop mirrors (NOLM) was used to analyse optimum splitting ratio for erbium doped optical fibre amplifier (EDFA) noise reduction. To measure the noise reduction of the NOLM, we compare the noise power at the NOLM output with the noise power at the EDFA output, acting as a reference level. This 12 dB of noise reduction is the best result experimentally achieved with an asymmetric NOLM. It is concluded that the setup shown becomes attractive for commercial optical telecommunication systems with pulse durations longer than 1.3 ps.
{"title":"12 dB of noise reduction by a NOLM based all optical all passive regenerator","authors":"M. Meissner, M. Rosch, B. Schmauss, G. Leuchs","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313604","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an asymmetric nonlinear optical loop mirrors (NOLM) was used to analyse optimum splitting ratio for erbium doped optical fibre amplifier (EDFA) noise reduction. To measure the noise reduction of the NOLM, we compare the noise power at the NOLM output with the noise power at the EDFA output, acting as a reference level. This 12 dB of noise reduction is the best result experimentally achieved with an asymmetric NOLM. It is concluded that the setup shown becomes attractive for commercial optical telecommunication systems with pulse durations longer than 1.3 ps.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"58 1","pages":"542-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76916439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313550
D. E. Vogler, M. Sigrist
In this paper, fiber-optic cavity sensor based on cavity ringdown spectroscopy for monitoring hydrogen diffusion has been introduced. An external cavity diode laser (ECDL) has been used as tunable laser source (1520-1600 nm). The temporal evolution of the hydrogen diffusion out of the silica-based fiber cavity has been studied by measuring the ringdown times at different wavelengths every 24 h. The ringdown times are compared with a theoretical diffusion model. It has good agreement with the experimental results.
{"title":"Fiber optical cavity monitoring of hydrogen diffusion","authors":"D. E. Vogler, M. Sigrist","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313550","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, fiber-optic cavity sensor based on cavity ringdown spectroscopy for monitoring hydrogen diffusion has been introduced. An external cavity diode laser (ECDL) has been used as tunable laser source (1520-1600 nm). The temporal evolution of the hydrogen diffusion out of the silica-based fiber cavity has been studied by measuring the ringdown times at different wavelengths every 24 h. The ringdown times are compared with a theoretical diffusion model. It has good agreement with the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"201 1","pages":"487-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76988700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313593
Ziwen Huang, A. Gray, Y.W.A. Lee, I. Khrushchev, I. Bennion
We investigate a 40 Gbit/s all-Raman amplified standard single mode fibre (SMF) transmission system with the mid-range amplifier spacing of 80-90 km. The impact of span configuration on double Rayleigh back scattering (DRBS) was studied. Four different span configurations were compared experimentally. A transmission distance of 1666 km in SMF has been achieved without forward error correcting (FEC) for the first time. The results demonstrate that the detrimental effects associated with high pump power Raman amplification in standard fibre can be minimised by dispersion map optimisation.
{"title":"All-Raman amplified transmission at 40 Gbit/s in standard single mode fibre","authors":"Ziwen Huang, A. Gray, Y.W.A. Lee, I. Khrushchev, I. Bennion","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313593","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate a 40 Gbit/s all-Raman amplified standard single mode fibre (SMF) transmission system with the mid-range amplifier spacing of 80-90 km. The impact of span configuration on double Rayleigh back scattering (DRBS) was studied. Four different span configurations were compared experimentally. A transmission distance of 1666 km in SMF has been achieved without forward error correcting (FEC) for the first time. The results demonstrate that the detrimental effects associated with high pump power Raman amplification in standard fibre can be minimised by dispersion map optimisation.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"26 1","pages":"531-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83580737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312080
P. Shi, Heng-li Zhang, Yongdong Wang, Robert Diart, K. Du
A high power, high repetition rate, short pulse width with fundamental mode operation Nd:YVO/sub 4/ slab laser was demonstrated. A birefringent polarizer and a high power BBO electro-optic Pockels cell were used for Q-switching.
{"title":"High repetition rate Q-switched Nd:YVO/sub 4/ slab laser","authors":"P. Shi, Heng-li Zhang, Yongdong Wang, Robert Diart, K. Du","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312080","url":null,"abstract":"A high power, high repetition rate, short pulse width with fundamental mode operation Nd:YVO/sub 4/ slab laser was demonstrated. A birefringent polarizer and a high power BBO electro-optic Pockels cell were used for Q-switching.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"81 1","pages":"18-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83592592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313538
I. Radivojevic, U. Panne, C. Haisch, R. Niessner, C. Haisch, H. Becker-Ross, S. Florek
Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) is a powerful tool for the multielement analysis of a huge variety of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples of industrial relevance. The objective of this paper is to extend the range of elements, which can be analyzed by LIPS, via observation of atomic emission in the VUV range. Two experimental set-ups for VUV-LIPS are presented: a set-up for bulk analysis based on conventional Czerny-Turner monochromator and a new echelle spectrograph for high spectral resolution (>10000) in the spectral range 150-300 nm.
{"title":"Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) in the VUV-possibilities and limitations","authors":"I. Radivojevic, U. Panne, C. Haisch, R. Niessner, C. Haisch, H. Becker-Ross, S. Florek","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313538","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) is a powerful tool for the multielement analysis of a huge variety of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples of industrial relevance. The objective of this paper is to extend the range of elements, which can be analyzed by LIPS, via observation of atomic emission in the VUV range. Two experimental set-ups for VUV-LIPS are presented: a set-up for bulk analysis based on conventional Czerny-Turner monochromator and a new echelle spectrograph for high spectral resolution (>10000) in the spectral range 150-300 nm.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"319 1","pages":"475-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76278263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312361
V. Shandarov, E. Smirnov
We experimentally investigate the photorefractive self-action of light beams within planar optical waveguides in lithium niobate biased by external electric field, to find the conditions for the formation of quasisteady-state screening-photovoltaic spatial solitons. Their formation is expected to take much shorter time compared with the steady-state photovoltaic solitons.
{"title":"Transient self-action of a light beam in a lithium niobate waveguide","authors":"V. Shandarov, E. Smirnov","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312361","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally investigate the photorefractive self-action of light beams within planar optical waveguides in lithium niobate biased by external electric field, to find the conditions for the formation of quasisteady-state screening-photovoltaic spatial solitons. Their formation is expected to take much shorter time compared with the steady-state photovoltaic solitons.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"59 1","pages":"300-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76278713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313818
M. Mansuripur, A. Euteneuer, D. Fernández, B. Medower
We have developed a two-laser media tester to investigate the recording dynamics in phase-change (PC), magneto-optical (MO), and dye-polymer disks as well as in other media samples. We have used these and many similar measurements to elucidate the behavior of writable and rewritable media of optical data storage. In addition to gaining insight into the dynamics of crystallization, melting, melt-quenched amorphization, (PC media), and magnetization reversal (MO media), we have used these techniques to extract information about thermal constants of the active layer as well as the encapsulating dielectric and metal layers used in commercial optical disks.
{"title":"Media characterization methods for optical data storage","authors":"M. Mansuripur, A. Euteneuer, D. Fernández, B. Medower","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313818","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a two-laser media tester to investigate the recording dynamics in phase-change (PC), magneto-optical (MO), and dye-polymer disks as well as in other media samples. We have used these and many similar measurements to elucidate the behavior of writable and rewritable media of optical data storage. In addition to gaining insight into the dynamics of crystallization, melting, melt-quenched amorphization, (PC media), and magnetization reversal (MO media), we have used these techniques to extract information about thermal constants of the active layer as well as the encapsulating dielectric and metal layers used in commercial optical disks.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"25 1","pages":"741-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85416607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313705
S. Jetschke, S. Hagemann, U. Ropke, G.S. v Langeweyde, K. Morl, H. Muller
We prepared two fiber-Bragg-gratings (FBG)-arrays for the wavelength range 1074 - 1100 nm, both with a spectral width of 0.1 nm and a reflectivity of about 1% of the individual gratings so that pulses are investigated from an Yb fiber laser, Q-switched by an acousto-optical modulator with a repetition rate of 2.6 kHz. Using FBG-array the development of high spikes over some roundtrips in the fiber laser resonator was observed and spectrally analyzed.
{"title":"Investigation of fiber laser pulses by a fiber-Bragg-grating (FBG) spectrum analyzer","authors":"S. Jetschke, S. Hagemann, U. Ropke, G.S. v Langeweyde, K. Morl, H. Muller","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313705","url":null,"abstract":"We prepared two fiber-Bragg-gratings (FBG)-arrays for the wavelength range 1074 - 1100 nm, both with a spectral width of 0.1 nm and a reflectivity of about 1% of the individual gratings so that pulses are investigated from an Yb fiber laser, Q-switched by an acousto-optical modulator with a repetition rate of 2.6 kHz. Using FBG-array the development of high spikes over some roundtrips in the fiber laser resonator was observed and spectrally analyzed.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"84 1","pages":"644-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85832138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313454
M. Inomata, D. Ichii, K. Ohashi, H. Kunugita, K. Ema
Phosphorescence from a triplet excited state in organic materials has been extensively studied because of its high potentiality to increase the efficiency of organic light emitting diodes. In this paper, we report strongly enhanced phosphorescence from the triplet state of naphthalene molecules which are doped into an organic-inorganic hybrid quantum-well material. The enhanced phosphorescence is caused by energy transfer from excitons in the inorganic well layer to the triplet state of naphthalene molecules. We investigate the dynamics of the energy transfer and find out that the mechanism is Dexter-type transfer. An organic-inorganic hybrid quantum-well material, (C~H~NH~)~P~B~J, is a layered perovskite-type quantum-well material. It has inorganic well layers composed of two-dimensional network of comer-sharing [PbBr6]" octahedra between organic barrier layers of alkyl ammonium chains. Excitons are tightly confined in the inorganic well layers and have extremely large binding energy (- 400 meV)'. Strong excitonic photoluminescence (PL) are clearly observed at 3.014 eV. On the other hand, (Cldl7C.H2.+1NH,)2PbBr4 and (ClaH70C.H2,+INH3)zPbBr4 in which naphthalene molecules are doped into organic bamier layers show little PL from the excitons but show strongly e-nhanced phosphorescence from the triplet state of naphthalene molecules. The PL excitation. measurements' have shown that the enhanced phosphorescence is caused by energy transfer from the excitons as shown in Fig.1. We investigate the dynamics of the energy transfer by time-resolved PL measurements using the samples which are controlled the distance between the naphthalene molecules and the excitons. The excitons in the inorganic well layer have spin fine structure levels'. As shown in Fig.1, the dipole-allowed T< excitons which are created by optical excitation relax to r; and rl- excitons due to the fast spin relaxation (- 4 ps). The r; and r; excitons have relatively long lifetime ( - Ions) because they are mainly composed of triplet excitons. We can estimate the energy transfer rate by time-resolved measurements of PL from the The width and energy of the excitation pulse are 200 fs and 3.5 eV which is above the bandgap energy of the inorganic well layer. All measurements were performed at temperature of 10 K. Figure 2 shows the result, where R represents the distance between the naphthalene and the exciton. The PL of naphthalene doped materials has faster decay compared to that of (C4H9NH3)'PbBr4, and the samples with smaller R show faster decay times. Figure 3 shows and rl- excitons.
{"title":"Energy transfer from inorganic excitons to naphthalene in organic-inorganic hybrid quantum-well materials","authors":"M. Inomata, D. Ichii, K. Ohashi, H. Kunugita, K. Ema","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1313454","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorescence from a triplet excited state in organic materials has been extensively studied because of its high potentiality to increase the efficiency of organic light emitting diodes. In this paper, we report strongly enhanced phosphorescence from the triplet state of naphthalene molecules which are doped into an organic-inorganic hybrid quantum-well material. The enhanced phosphorescence is caused by energy transfer from excitons in the inorganic well layer to the triplet state of naphthalene molecules. We investigate the dynamics of the energy transfer and find out that the mechanism is Dexter-type transfer. An organic-inorganic hybrid quantum-well material, (C~H~NH~)~P~B~J, is a layered perovskite-type quantum-well material. It has inorganic well layers composed of two-dimensional network of comer-sharing [PbBr6]\" octahedra between organic barrier layers of alkyl ammonium chains. Excitons are tightly confined in the inorganic well layers and have extremely large binding energy (- 400 meV)'. Strong excitonic photoluminescence (PL) are clearly observed at 3.014 eV. On the other hand, (Cldl7C.H2.+1NH,)2PbBr4 and (ClaH70C.H2,+INH3)zPbBr4 in which naphthalene molecules are doped into organic bamier layers show little PL from the excitons but show strongly e-nhanced phosphorescence from the triplet state of naphthalene molecules. The PL excitation. measurements' have shown that the enhanced phosphorescence is caused by energy transfer from the excitons as shown in Fig.1. We investigate the dynamics of the energy transfer by time-resolved PL measurements using the samples which are controlled the distance between the naphthalene molecules and the excitons. The excitons in the inorganic well layer have spin fine structure levels'. As shown in Fig.1, the dipole-allowed T< excitons which are created by optical excitation relax to r; and rl- excitons due to the fast spin relaxation (- 4 ps). The r; and r; excitons have relatively long lifetime ( - Ions) because they are mainly composed of triplet excitons. We can estimate the energy transfer rate by time-resolved measurements of PL from the The width and energy of the excitation pulse are 200 fs and 3.5 eV which is above the bandgap energy of the inorganic well layer. All measurements were performed at temperature of 10 K. Figure 2 shows the result, where R represents the distance between the naphthalene and the exciton. The PL of naphthalene doped materials has faster decay compared to that of (C4H9NH3)'PbBr4, and the samples with smaller R show faster decay times. Figure 3 shows and rl- excitons.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"77 1","pages":"391-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86025927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-22DOI: 10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312313
M. Soljačić, E. Lidorikis, M. Ibanescu, S. Johnson, S. Fan, C. Luo, Y. Fink, J. Joannopoulos
Through detailed computational experiments, and an analytical model, we predict optical bistability behavior at few tens of mWs in axially modulated OmniGuide fibers, using instantaneous Kerr nonlinearity. We solve the full non-linear Maxwell's equations numerically (with minimal physical approximations) to demonstrate optical bistability in a photonic crystal (PC) fiber-device.
{"title":"Optical bistability in axially modulated Omniguide fibers","authors":"M. Soljačić, E. Lidorikis, M. Ibanescu, S. Johnson, S. Fan, C. Luo, Y. Fink, J. Joannopoulos","doi":"10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE.2003.1312313","url":null,"abstract":"Through detailed computational experiments, and an analytical model, we predict optical bistability behavior at few tens of mWs in axially modulated OmniGuide fibers, using instantaneous Kerr nonlinearity. We solve the full non-linear Maxwell's equations numerically (with minimal physical approximations) to demonstrate optical bistability in a photonic crystal (PC) fiber-device.","PeriodicalId":6370,"journal":{"name":"2003 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO/Europe 2003) (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8666)","volume":"70 1","pages":"252-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84121888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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