Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772770
T. Tokoro, T. Makita, M. Nagao
Surface free energy has negative temperature dependence. The decrease of surface free energy of solid increases the hydrophobic property; however, the decrease of the one of liquid decreases the hydrophobic property. In this study, the effect of temperature on the evaluation of degradation condition of silicone rubber is studied. Hydrophobicity of silicone rubber was measured by using both the image data analysis of the sprayed water droplets on the sample surface and the contact angle measurement. Using image data analysis of these water droplets, STRI's hydrophobicity class (HC) and contact angle (thetas) are evaluated automatically. Surface roughness of the silicone rubber also affects the hydrophobic condition of the surface. In this study, hydrophobic condition, surface roughness, dielectric properties and the amount of ATH filler are compared to diagnose the degradation condition of silicone rubber. Comparing of these evaluation results can define the degradation of polymer insulator more accurately.
{"title":"Effect of Temperature on the Evaluation of Degradation Condition of Silicone Rubber","authors":"T. Tokoro, T. Makita, M. Nagao","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772770","url":null,"abstract":"Surface free energy has negative temperature dependence. The decrease of surface free energy of solid increases the hydrophobic property; however, the decrease of the one of liquid decreases the hydrophobic property. In this study, the effect of temperature on the evaluation of degradation condition of silicone rubber is studied. Hydrophobicity of silicone rubber was measured by using both the image data analysis of the sprayed water droplets on the sample surface and the contact angle measurement. Using image data analysis of these water droplets, STRI's hydrophobicity class (HC) and contact angle (thetas) are evaluated automatically. Surface roughness of the silicone rubber also affects the hydrophobic condition of the surface. In this study, hydrophobic condition, surface roughness, dielectric properties and the amount of ATH filler are compared to diagnose the degradation condition of silicone rubber. Comparing of these evaluation results can define the degradation of polymer insulator more accurately.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"7 1","pages":"184-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83169367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772835
C. Volat, M. Farzaneh
This paper presents a new modeling approach for faster calculation of potential distribution along full scale post station insulators covered with ice under melting conditions. The proposed approach consists in modeling the conductive water film at the ice surface using a specific boundary condition implemented in a commercial finite element software Comsol Multiphysicsreg. The results obtained shows than axisymmetric modeling can be a good alternative to 3D modeling in order to compute accurately potential distribution along an ice surface. Such approach was then used to model a full scale EHV insulator formed of two units of standard post station insulator covered by wet-grown ice.
{"title":"A Simple Axisymmetric Model for Calculation of Potential Distribution along Ice-Covered Post Station Insulators during a Melting Period","authors":"C. Volat, M. Farzaneh","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772835","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new modeling approach for faster calculation of potential distribution along full scale post station insulators covered with ice under melting conditions. The proposed approach consists in modeling the conductive water film at the ice surface using a specific boundary condition implemented in a commercial finite element software Comsol Multiphysicsreg. The results obtained shows than axisymmetric modeling can be a good alternative to 3D modeling in order to compute accurately potential distribution along an ice surface. Such approach was then used to model a full scale EHV insulator formed of two units of standard post station insulator covered by wet-grown ice.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"93 1","pages":"232-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86760179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772873
F. Guastavino, E. Torello, A. Dardano, A. Ratto
Polymeric nanocomposite materials have shown a big potential for an impact in wire wound rotating machine stator insulation. Small wire wound machines, in fact, have a mainly organic stator winding insulation which is easily degraded by partial discharge (PD) activity. In this kind of equipment, then, the presence of PD activity leads to failure in a very short time. Nanofilled polymeric materials, in some early experimental work, have shown an enhancement of the resistance to PD stress. If such results will be confirmed, the adoption of this class of materials for stator winding insulation can allow both the motor maintenance and a general increase of reliability.
{"title":"Life Tests on Twisted Pair Specimens Insulated by Nanofilled Enamel","authors":"F. Guastavino, E. Torello, A. Dardano, A. Ratto","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772873","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric nanocomposite materials have shown a big potential for an impact in wire wound rotating machine stator insulation. Small wire wound machines, in fact, have a mainly organic stator winding insulation which is easily degraded by partial discharge (PD) activity. In this kind of equipment, then, the presence of PD activity leads to failure in a very short time. Nanofilled polymeric materials, in some early experimental work, have shown an enhancement of the resistance to PD stress. If such results will be confirmed, the adoption of this class of materials for stator winding insulation can allow both the motor maintenance and a general increase of reliability.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"39 1","pages":"678-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86778632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772858
M. Rao, G. Kumar, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah
The excellent insulation properties of compressed sulphur hexaflouride are adversely affected by metallic particle contamination in practical gas insulated systems. The movement of such particles is random and the particles play a crucial role in determining the insulation behavior of GIS. Aluminum, copper and silver particles were considered to be present on enclosure surface. In order to determine the random behavior of moving particles, the calculation of movement in axial and radial directions was carried at every time step using rectangular random numbers. Simulation of particle movement with reduced phase conductor is also carried out with a view to obtain optimum size of conductor for reliable operation by reducing the original diameter of the conductor from 64 mm to 54 mm in steps of 5 mm. At each reduced diameter the particle movement is calculated at each instant in both radial and axial directions using Monte Carlo Technique. Monte Carlo simulation is also carried out by changing the random solid angle from 1 degree to 0.5 degrees. The results have been presented and analyzed.
{"title":"Simulation of Particle Trajectories in a Three Phase Common Enclosure Gas Insulated Busduct with Monte Carlo Technique","authors":"M. Rao, G. Kumar, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772858","url":null,"abstract":"The excellent insulation properties of compressed sulphur hexaflouride are adversely affected by metallic particle contamination in practical gas insulated systems. The movement of such particles is random and the particles play a crucial role in determining the insulation behavior of GIS. Aluminum, copper and silver particles were considered to be present on enclosure surface. In order to determine the random behavior of moving particles, the calculation of movement in axial and radial directions was carried at every time step using rectangular random numbers. Simulation of particle movement with reduced phase conductor is also carried out with a view to obtain optimum size of conductor for reliable operation by reducing the original diameter of the conductor from 64 mm to 54 mm in steps of 5 mm. At each reduced diameter the particle movement is calculated at each instant in both radial and axial directions using Monte Carlo Technique. Monte Carlo simulation is also carried out by changing the random solid angle from 1 degree to 0.5 degrees. The results have been presented and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"39 1","pages":"594-597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88091796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772829
D. Djairam, A.T. de Wit, P. Morshuis, J. Smit
In this paper, the optimisation of an electrohydrodynamic atomisation based spraying system is discussed which is able to spray charged water droplets in a controlled way. Spraying of charged water droplets is a means to efficiently and ecologically convert wind energy into electrical energy using a method called electrostatic wind energy conversion (EWICON). The new spraying implementations have successfully been tested in an EWICON system yielding higher spraying currents than previous water spraying systems. Using newly designed electrode configurations, 30-50 mum diameter droplets have consistently been produced as opposed to the chaotic distribution found in conventional EHDA-based water spraying systems.
{"title":"Controlled and efficient electrohydrodynamic spraying of water in an electrostatic wind energy converter (EWICON)","authors":"D. Djairam, A.T. de Wit, P. Morshuis, J. Smit","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772829","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the optimisation of an electrohydrodynamic atomisation based spraying system is discussed which is able to spray charged water droplets in a controlled way. Spraying of charged water droplets is a means to efficiently and ecologically convert wind energy into electrical energy using a method called electrostatic wind energy conversion (EWICON). The new spraying implementations have successfully been tested in an EWICON system yielding higher spraying currents than previous water spraying systems. Using newly designed electrode configurations, 30-50 mum diameter droplets have consistently been produced as opposed to the chaotic distribution found in conventional EHDA-based water spraying systems.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"136 1","pages":"169-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86399425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1080/15325000903055263
S. Taheri, A. Gholami, M. Mirzaie
This paper presents a method to determine leakage current and thermal losses on the polluted insulators under lightning stress based on equivalent electrical model using ATP software. Thickness of pollution layer and the ratio of pollution-covered length and also steepness of the impulse voltage can cause variations of the leakage current and thermal losses. The results demonstrate that leakage currents were dramatically increased under different pollution conditions. The consequential mathematical equations show that the rate of leakage current can be controlled by limiting of the length and thickness of pollution layer. Also the humidity evaporated from insulator's surface due to thermal losses can be determined.
{"title":"Study on the Behavior of Polluted Insulators Under Lightning Impulse Stress","authors":"S. Taheri, A. Gholami, M. Mirzaie","doi":"10.1080/15325000903055263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15325000903055263","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method to determine leakage current and thermal losses on the polluted insulators under lightning stress based on equivalent electrical model using ATP software. Thickness of pollution layer and the ratio of pollution-covered length and also steepness of the impulse voltage can cause variations of the leakage current and thermal losses. The results demonstrate that leakage currents were dramatically increased under different pollution conditions. The consequential mathematical equations show that the rate of leakage current can be controlled by limiting of the length and thickness of pollution layer. Also the humidity evaporated from insulator's surface due to thermal losses can be determined.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"21 1","pages":"253-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87334391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772935
L. Ding, Ying Liang, Y. Tu, Wei Wang, C.R. Li
In this paper, the influence of corona intensity on the TSC characteristics of HTV silicone rubber was investigated. Five levels of corona voltage were employed to deteriorate the samples respectively. The TSC was measured for the samples exposure different deteriorating duration. Experimental results show that the variation trend of TSC curves with the corona intensity is not identical at different deteriorating period. During the whole deterioration progress, the peak value of TSC gradually increases with the improvement of corona voltage. The temperature corresponded to TSC peak, however, becomes higher only when the corona voltage is elevated to a certain value at given corona deterioration period. Along with the prolonging of deterioration duration, the greater the corona intensity, the higher the temperature corresponded to TSC peak. The calculated traps parameters reveal that the trap energy level would not be deepened by strengthen of corona intensity. The reason was analyzed in this paper considering the microstructure variation.
{"title":"The Influence of Corona Intensity on the TSC of HTV Silicone Rubber","authors":"L. Ding, Ying Liang, Y. Tu, Wei Wang, C.R. Li","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772935","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the influence of corona intensity on the TSC characteristics of HTV silicone rubber was investigated. Five levels of corona voltage were employed to deteriorate the samples respectively. The TSC was measured for the samples exposure different deteriorating duration. Experimental results show that the variation trend of TSC curves with the corona intensity is not identical at different deteriorating period. During the whole deterioration progress, the peak value of TSC gradually increases with the improvement of corona voltage. The temperature corresponded to TSC peak, however, becomes higher only when the corona voltage is elevated to a certain value at given corona deterioration period. Along with the prolonging of deterioration duration, the greater the corona intensity, the higher the temperature corresponded to TSC peak. The calculated traps parameters reveal that the trap energy level would not be deepened by strengthen of corona intensity. The reason was analyzed in this paper considering the microstructure variation.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"43 1","pages":"305-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88970942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, nano-silica with and without surface modification was added into linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) to prepare LLDPE/silica or LLDPE/Aluminun trihydrate (ATH)/silica composites. Effects of surface modification of nano-silica on the dispersibility of silica in LLDPE and combustion behaviors of composites were investigated by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cone calorimeter (CONE). The results showed silica without surface modification was not well dispersed in LLDPE owing to the severe aggregation of silica particles and its poor compatibility with LLDPE. Improved dispersibility of surface modified silica was found because of its improved compatibility with LLDPE. Obvious decrease of peak-HRR value was observed. Well dispersed silica after surface modification, as proved by TEM, should be contributed to the decreased peak-HRR. Because the shapes of two curves were similar, it was concluded that the mechanistic reason for the decreased HRR come mainly from the physical effects of silica on the surface.
{"title":"Effects of Surface Modification of Nano-silica on Combustion Behaviors of LLDPE/ATH/silica composites","authors":"Zhidong Han, Haitao Pan, Limin Dong, Xianyou Zhang","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772910","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, nano-silica with and without surface modification was added into linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) to prepare LLDPE/silica or LLDPE/Aluminun trihydrate (ATH)/silica composites. Effects of surface modification of nano-silica on the dispersibility of silica in LLDPE and combustion behaviors of composites were investigated by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cone calorimeter (CONE). The results showed silica without surface modification was not well dispersed in LLDPE owing to the severe aggregation of silica particles and its poor compatibility with LLDPE. Improved dispersibility of surface modified silica was found because of its improved compatibility with LLDPE. Obvious decrease of peak-HRR value was observed. Well dispersed silica after surface modification, as proved by TEM, should be contributed to the decreased peak-HRR. Because the shapes of two curves were similar, it was concluded that the mechanistic reason for the decreased HRR come mainly from the physical effects of silica on the surface.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"71 1","pages":"284-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86256511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772785
S. Rowland, X. Zhang, K. Kopsidas
All-dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) optical cables are widely used in modern power utilities to provide communication infrastructure. These are able to provide a reliable high-bandwidth network because of the physical immunity of the embedded optic fibres from their electrical environment. However, the cable sheath and strength member are not immune to the electrical environment due to induced surface currents. These currents inevitably arise as a result of capacitive coupling to the phase conductors. These low level currents can degrade the cable sheath from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic state, which increases the likelihood of surface electrical discharge phenomena such as corona or even dry-band arcing. In this paper, the sheath of cable which was installed for 15 years on a 132 kV transmission line, but has not failed, is analyzed. Models of the surface current experienced by the ADSS cable are used to reveal how the electrical environment influences the cable surface ageing. Characterization of the cable surface by visual inspection and by contact angle measurement along the cable span is reported. These are the first measurements of this sort and surprisingly, the predictions of leakage current magnitude correlate strongly with reductions in contact angle within a span. The measurements verify that long-term low surface current is one significant aspect attributing to the ageing of cable surface properties, even if the conditions are such that dry-band arcing does not occur.
{"title":"Ageing of an ADSS Cable Sheath on a 132kV Overhead Transmission Line","authors":"S. Rowland, X. Zhang, K. Kopsidas","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772785","url":null,"abstract":"All-dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) optical cables are widely used in modern power utilities to provide communication infrastructure. These are able to provide a reliable high-bandwidth network because of the physical immunity of the embedded optic fibres from their electrical environment. However, the cable sheath and strength member are not immune to the electrical environment due to induced surface currents. These currents inevitably arise as a result of capacitive coupling to the phase conductors. These low level currents can degrade the cable sheath from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic state, which increases the likelihood of surface electrical discharge phenomena such as corona or even dry-band arcing. In this paper, the sheath of cable which was installed for 15 years on a 132 kV transmission line, but has not failed, is analyzed. Models of the surface current experienced by the ADSS cable are used to reveal how the electrical environment influences the cable surface ageing. Characterization of the cable surface by visual inspection and by contact angle measurement along the cable span is reported. These are the first measurements of this sort and surprisingly, the predictions of leakage current magnitude correlate strongly with reductions in contact angle within a span. The measurements verify that long-term low surface current is one significant aspect attributing to the ageing of cable surface properties, even if the conditions are such that dry-band arcing does not occur.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"17 1","pages":"192-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91527337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772815
A. Nekahi, M. Farzaneh, C. Volat, W. Chisholm
Emission spectroscopic technique has been used to record the spectrum of the emitted light from an arc formed on an ice surface. The excitation temperature of the arc column was determined using the intensities of the spectral lines of NII and employing the Boltzmann method. The electron density was also estimated from the Stark broadening of the Balmer line Hg. The temperature and the density of electrons in the arc column for the selected setup were calculated to be about 2 eV and 4 times 1017 cm-3 respectively.
{"title":"Electron Density and Temperature Measurement of Arc on an Ice Surface","authors":"A. Nekahi, M. Farzaneh, C. Volat, W. Chisholm","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772815","url":null,"abstract":"Emission spectroscopic technique has been used to record the spectrum of the emitted light from an arc formed on an ice surface. The excitation temperature of the arc column was determined using the intensities of the spectral lines of NII and employing the Boltzmann method. The electron density was also estimated from the Stark broadening of the Balmer line Hg. The temperature and the density of electrons in the arc column for the selected setup were calculated to be about 2 eV and 4 times 1017 cm-3 respectively.","PeriodicalId":6381,"journal":{"name":"2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena","volume":"28 1","pages":"658-661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85874168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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