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2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena最新文献

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Effects of Crystallinity on Thermally Stimulated Current and Complex Permittivity of Poly(L-lactide) 结晶度对聚l -丙交酯热激发电流和复介电常数的影响
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772773
S. Hikosaka, H. Ishikawa, Y. Ohki
Recently poly(L-lactide) synthesized from starch is attracting much attention as a biodegradable polymer. In this paper, effects of crystallinity on dielectric properties of PLLA were studied by preparing four kinds of PLLA samples with different crystallinities. A thermally stimulated polarization current (TSPC) peak was found to appear in all the samples at temperatures around 65 to 70degC, which is due to the glass transition. The magnitude of the TSPC peak was found to be in the reverse order of crystallinity. This is presumably because the segmental-mode relaxation, which brings about the TSPC, is restricted more as the crystallinity increases. All the samples show two thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) peaks at around 65degC and around 90 to 100degC. The lower-temperature peak seems to be due to the segmental-mode relaxation, while the other due to the normal-mode relaxation. Moreover, all the samples show a drastic increase in the real part of complex permittivity and have a peak in its imaginary part at frequencies from 10-1 to 104 Hz, depending on the measurement temperature. The crystallinity dependencies of the two parts are similar to those of the TSPC and TSDC peaks around 65 to 70degC. Therefore, the increase in the real part and the peak in the imaginary part are ascribable to the segmental-mode relaxation.
近年来,以淀粉为原料合成的聚l -丙交酯作为一种可生物降解的聚合物备受关注。本文通过制备四种不同结晶度的PLLA样品,研究了结晶度对PLLA介电性能的影响。在温度为65 ~ 70℃时,所有样品都出现了热激极化电流(TSPC)峰,这是由于玻璃化转变造成的。发现TSPC峰的大小与结晶度相反。这可能是因为引起TSPC的节段模式弛豫随着结晶度的增加而受到更多的限制。所有样品均在65℃左右和90 ~ 100℃左右出现两个热激去极化电流(TSDC)峰值。较低的温度峰似乎是由于段模弛豫,而另一个是由于正模弛豫。此外,根据测量温度的不同,所有样品的复介电常数的实部急剧增加,并且在10-1到104 Hz的频率范围内,其虚部有一个峰值。这两部分的结晶度依赖关系与TSPC和TSDC峰在65 ~ 70℃时的结晶度依赖关系相似。因此,实部的增加和虚部的峰值可归因于段模弛豫。
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引用次数: 10
Calibration method used for measurements with an open PEA set-up 使用开放式PEA装置进行测量的校准方法
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772791
V. Griseri, C. Perrin, C. Laurent
Different detection systems based on the pulsed electro acoustic (PEA) method have been developed in the last past few years to study space charge distribution in electron irradiated materials. In particular, a set-up working in contact less mode allowing the measurement to be done in open-circuit (where one surface of the irradiated sample is at a floating potential, so-called "open PEA") has been put forward recently. A reference signal is required in any case in order to get quantitative data. The calibration protocol adopted in the case of the classical PEA method, where the sample is under short-circuit condition, cannot be used any more in the "open" configuration. This paper deals with the description and validation of the procedure used to record a proper reference signal to treat raw data obtained with the "open PEA" set-up. Results recorded under various conditions will be compared.
近年来,基于脉冲电声(PEA)方法的各种探测系统被开发出来,用于研究电子辐照材料中的空间电荷分布。特别是,最近提出了一种工作在无接触模式下的设置,允许在开路(其中辐照样品的一个表面处于浮动电位,即所谓的“开放PEA”)下进行测量。为了得到定量的数据,在任何情况下都需要一个参考信号。在经典PEA方法中采用的校准方案,即样品处于短路状态时,在“开路”配置下不能再使用。本文描述和验证了用于记录适当参考信号以处理“开放PEA”设置获得的原始数据的程序。在不同条件下记录的结果将进行比较。
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引用次数: 3
Analysis of Internal Partial Discharge Based on PD Current Waveform 基于局部放电电流波形的内部局部放电分析
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772934
K. Nanao, Y. Murakami, M. Nagao
The analysis of partial discharge (PD) phenomenon to cause long-term degradation of electrical insulation systems is essential to development of electrical insulation technology. The PD pattern on the relation between PD magnitude and the phase of applied voltage is well known one of the electrical insulation diagnosis methods for high voltage equipment. In the general, an acquired PD pattern from equipments is compared with accumulated data base which provides the correlation between the PD pattern and insulation status like degradation or defects. However, clarification for generation of such PD pattern based on physics is not yet of satisfactory. The PD patterns within an internal void generally consist of several PDs of continuance in half cycle within void. It became clear by the past research that the formation of the following PD differs from the first PD within one half cycles in the continuous PD's. It was considered that the following PD seems to turn to the Townsend-like PD from the Streamer-like PD under the influence of first PD. In this study, we studied the first and the following PD more in detail in terms of the PD current waveforms applying a square or triangle wave high voltage. The results suggested that the PD properties depend on applied voltage and its frequency but independent from applied offset voltage. It was also proved that the first PD provides the influence to the following PD.
分析引起电气绝缘系统长期劣化的局部放电现象对电气绝缘技术的发展至关重要。基于局部放电量与外加电压相位关系的局部放电模式是众所周知的高压设备电气绝缘诊断方法之一。一般情况下,将从设备获取的局部放电图与积累的数据库进行比较,从而提供局部放电图与绝缘退化或缺陷等状态之间的相关性。然而,基于物理学的PD模式生成的解释尚不令人满意。内部孔洞内的PD模式一般由孔洞内连续半周期的若干PD组成。过去的研究表明,在连续PD的一个半周期内,后续PD的形成与第一个PD不同。我们认为,在第一种PD的影响下,第二种PD似乎从streamer -样PD转向了townsend -样PD。在本研究中,我们根据施加方波或三角波高压的PD电流波形,更详细地研究了第一种和下一种PD。结果表明,局部放电特性与外加电压及其频率有关,而与外加偏置电压无关。并证明了第一次PD对后续PD的影响。
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引用次数: 7
Evaluation of Pollution Characteristic of Polymer Insulating Material with Surface Nano-Coating by a New Automatic Artificial Pollution Acceleration Test System 用新型自动人工污染加速测试系统评价表面纳米涂层聚合物绝缘材料的污染特性
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772821
M. Higashikoji, M. Motoyama, S. Ohtsuka, M. Hikita, H. Ikeda, J. Gavillet, G. Ravel, E. da Silva, M. Frechette
We have so far performed multistress acceleration test (EdF Test:) for SiR (silicone rubber) insulators, which were found to still keep good hydrophobicity even after 5000 hour testing time equivalent to about 10 years for outdoor exposure test in a heavy polluted area [1]. The two tests' results indicate that one should consider non-soluble material in an accelerated pollution test so as to exactly simulate the practical conditions. From this point of view, we have developed a new automatic artificial pollution acceleration test system (AAPATS) which incorporates non-soluble material pollution to cause hydrophobicity decrease of the surface of SiR under virtually practical environments [2]. We evaluated non-soluble material pollution characteristics of SiR finished with various surface nano-coating processings aiming to enhance hydrophobicity of the material suffering from repeated pollution for a long term. The surface of material in the form of plates was treated with nano-coating by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In this paper, we investigate hydrophobicity improvement properties of SiR material with the surface nanocoating treatment after suffering the repeated non-soluble material pollution by AAPATS.
迄今为止,我们对SiR(硅橡胶)绝缘子进行了多应力加速试验(EdF试验:),在重污染地区进行了相当于10年左右的户外暴露试验,5000小时的试验时间后仍能保持良好的疏水性[1]。这两个试验结果表明,加速污染试验应考虑不溶性物质,以准确模拟实际情况。从这个角度来看,我们开发了一种新的自动人工污染加速测试系统(AAPATS),该系统在几乎实际的环境下加入不溶性物质污染,导致SiR表面疏水性下降[2]。我们评估了不同表面纳米涂层处理的SiR的不溶性材料污染特性,旨在提高长期遭受重复污染的材料的疏水性。采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)技术对板材表面进行纳米涂层处理。本文研究了在遭受AAPATS反复不溶性物质污染后,采用表面纳米涂层处理SiR材料的疏水性改善性能。
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引用次数: 2
Using Current Coefficient to Estimate DC Conductor Corona Onset Voltage 用电流系数估计直流导体电晕起始电压
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772855
Yuming Zhao, Minhua Ma, Jinwei Chu, Z. Guan
Corona onset voltage is an important parameter corresponding to corona characteristics. Existing onset voltage measurement methods can not distinguish the partial onset voltage and the onset voltage of transmission conductor. Based on analyzing corona onset and development process, a novel estimate method using current coefficient was presented to estimate DC onset voltage in this paper. The current coefficient method and other three methods were used to estimate corona onset voltage of smooth conductor and ACSR in four surface statuses.
电晕起始电压是反映电晕特性的重要参数。现有的起始电压测量方法不能区分局部起始电压和传输导体起始电压。在分析电晕起始和发展过程的基础上,提出了一种利用电流系数估计直流起始电压的新方法。采用电流系数法等3种方法对光滑导体和ACSR在4种表面状态下的起晕电压进行了估计。
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引用次数: 10
The Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Audible Noise Generated from UHV DC Transmission Lines 温度和湿度对特高压直流输电线路可听噪声的影响
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772911
Wei Wang, Bing An, Chengrong Li, B. Luo, Xiaolin Li, Yixu Wang, Fei Fan, Boo-gen Yang
To research the effect of temperature and humidity on audible noise generated from UHV DC transmission lines, a mini corona cage has been constructed and put in a manual environment room, which temperature and humidity can be controlled. At the same time, an audible noise performance measuring system by using A/C weighted network audible noise meter and 8 kHz acoustic sensor have been set up too. The audible noise generated from a copper line have been measured in a mini corona cage not only at different humidity from 30% to 95% but also at different temperature from 0degC to 30degC. The relationship between audible noise level and temperature and humidity have been observed.
为了研究温度和湿度对特高压直流输电线路可听噪声的影响,搭建了一个微型电晕笼,放置在一个温湿度可控的人工环境室内。同时,还建立了一套由空调加权网络声噪声计和8khz声传感器组成的声噪声性能测量系统。在微型电晕笼中测量了铜线在30% ~ 95%的不同湿度和0℃~ 30℃的不同温度下产生的可听噪声。已观察到可听噪声水平与温度和湿度之间的关系。
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引用次数: 4
Property Changes of Transformer Oil during Limiting States of Transformer 变压器极限状态下变压器油性质的变化
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772790
V. Mentlík, J. Michalik, R. Polanský, P. Prosr, M. Brandt
Power transformer service availability is influenced by a condition of insulating and cooling medium - by transformer oil properties. The transformer is subjected to many untypical situations arising casually or due to changed operation conditions. Between the casual phenomena belongs e.g. an unbalanced loading, which causes phases overload etc. These situations reflect on the properties of cooling medium. Parameters such as an excessive formation of gasses in transformer oil, an increase of water presence in the oil or changes of temperature distribution along the winding of transformer can be changed during the operation. Monitoring of these changes is performed in our experimental department, which was developed directly for this purpose. Tested transformer is equipped with sensors for mentioned parameters monitoring. Information obtained from laboratory testing of the experimental transformer will be useful for assessment of processes proceeding in common operation of these devices.
电力变压器的可用性受绝缘和冷却介质条件以及变压器油性质的影响。变压器由于偶然或运行条件的变化,会遇到许多不典型的情况。之间的偶然现象属于不平衡负载,引起相位过载等。这些情况反映了冷却介质的性质。在运行过程中,变压器油中气体的过量形成、油中水分的增加或沿变压器绕组温度分布的变化等参数都可能发生变化。这些变化的监测是在我们的实验部门进行的,这是直接为此目的而开发的。被测变压器配有传感器,用于上述参数的监测。从实验变压器的实验室测试中获得的信息将有助于评估这些设备的共同操作过程。
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引用次数: 8
Improving the Performance of a Wildlife Protection Cap by the Use of Salt Fog Testing 利用盐雾测试提高野生动物保护帽的性能
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772852
S. Sebo, R. Otte, J. Moore
Dielectric caps are used as wildlife protection measures on a new line of switching devices in order to satisfy service continuity needs and environmental requirements. Fog chamber tests were used to check and evaluate the performance of six different wildlife protection caps, positioned on their insulators, and outfitted with the appropriate connecting cables. The length of the test cycle was three weeks. During their performance evaluation, the energized insulators were exposed cyclically to salt fog. The energizing voltage was (27/1.73) = 15.6 kV(rms). Deionized water was used to produce the salt fog, with appropriate amount of salt added, to simulate a "heavy" contamination environment. The six insulators together with their caps were energized continuously for 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The performance of two dielectric caps satisfied the expectations. The performance of dielectric caps made of various materials, and the design of the caps in terms of their shape and other aspects are described.
为了满足业务连续性和环境要求,在一系列新的开关设备上采用了绝缘帽作为野生动物保护措施。雾室试验用于检查和评估六种不同的野生动物保护帽的性能,这些帽安装在绝缘体上,并配有适当的连接电缆。测试周期的长度为三周。在性能评估过程中,通电绝缘子循环暴露于盐雾中。通电电压为(27/1.73)= 15.6 kV(rms)。用去离子水产生盐雾,加入适量的盐,模拟“重”污染环境。6个绝缘子及其绝缘帽每周7天,每天24小时不间断通电。两种介质帽的性能均达到预期。介绍了各种材料制成的介电帽的性能,以及从形状等方面对介电帽的设计。
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引用次数: 0
Weibull Statistical Dielectric Breakdown in Polyimide up to 400°C 威布尔统计介电击穿在聚酰亚胺高达400°C
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772832
S. Zelmat, S. Diaham, M. Decup, M. Locatelli, T. Lebey
In spite of the growing maturity of silicon carbide (SiC) technology, several difficulties still remain and limit its use for high temperature applications up to 200degC. Due to its excellent physical properties, SiC material offers the ability to design electronic devices working at junction (or ambient) temperature and at power level much higher than those of the present silicon based semiconductors. Thus, the environment of the SiC die will endure severe electrical and thermal stresses. Particularly, the passivation layer must present good thermal stability of its dielectric strength, which must remain high enough to ensure a proper electrical insulation on top of the SiC surface. In this study, polyimide material has been chosen as a candidate for SiC power device passivation. This paper presents the changes of the dielectric strength of a BPDA/PPD polyimide for temperatures ranging up to 400degC.
尽管碳化硅(SiC)技术日益成熟,但仍然存在一些困难,限制了其在高达200摄氏度的高温应用中的使用。由于其优异的物理性能,SiC材料提供了设计在结(或环境)温度和功率水平下工作的电子器件的能力,远远高于目前的硅基半导体。因此,SiC模具的环境将承受严重的电和热应力。特别是,钝化层必须表现出良好的介电强度热稳定性,其介电强度必须保持足够高,以确保在SiC表面上具有适当的电绝缘。本研究选择聚酰亚胺材料作为SiC功率器件钝化的候选材料。本文研究了BPDA/PPD聚酰亚胺在高达400℃温度下的介电强度变化。
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引用次数: 9
Numerical study of the time evolution of finite amplitude electroconvection between two plates using PIC-FE and FCT-FE 利用PIC-FE和FCT-FE对两板间有限振幅电对流的时间演化进行数值研究
Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2008.4772900
P. A. Vázquez, G. Georghiou, A. Castellanos
We study the two-dimensional electroconvection between two plates from the theoretical and numerical point of view. We use two sets of numerical techniques to analyze this problem. On one hand, Particle-in-Cell techniques for simulating the charge distribution combined with Finite Elements for computing the velocity and electrical fields. On the other hand, Flux Corrected Transport for the charge and Finite Elements for the fields. We perform numerical simulations both for weak and strong injection beyond the linear stability threshold. The results seem to indicate that the one-roll finite amplitude solution assumed in previous both linear and non-linear stability analysis is not always stable.
本文从理论和数值两方面研究了两板间的二维电对流。我们用两套数值技术来分析这个问题。一方面,将模拟电荷分布的粒子技术与计算速度和电场的有限元技术相结合。另一方面,用通量修正输运计算电荷,用有限元计算场。我们对超过线性稳定性阈值的弱注入和强注入进行了数值模拟。结果似乎表明,在以往的线性和非线性稳定性分析中所假设的单辊有限振幅解并不总是稳定的。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2008 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena
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