Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349618
Jin Han, Jing Wei, Zhi-hua Zhang, Xiaoyuan Dong
With the “Digital Earth”, digitalization of petrochemical companies has been in the agenda. By classifying storage tank, liquid storage tank was chosen as research object for modeling. Based on analyzing elements modeling of tank, the three-dimensional data model was presented, and its basic data structure of modeling elements was defined by C++. According to above data model and data structure, at first, liquid storage tank could be subdivided into the bottom surface, profile, and top surface which was easy to modeling; then, the paper discussed the three-dimensional modeling methods and steps of above subdivisions in detail; finally, the spatial entity of liquid storage tank was established by integrating the subdivisions. VC++ is as programming language, OpenGL graphics package is as tool of visualization, and the three-dimensional modeling experiment system of liquid storage tank has been developed. Take test tank modeling for example, it is shown that three-dimensional data model, data structure and methods mentioned is feasible.
{"title":"Research on three-dimensional modeling of liquid storage tank","authors":"Jin Han, Jing Wei, Zhi-hua Zhang, Xiaoyuan Dong","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349618","url":null,"abstract":"With the “Digital Earth”, digitalization of petrochemical companies has been in the agenda. By classifying storage tank, liquid storage tank was chosen as research object for modeling. Based on analyzing elements modeling of tank, the three-dimensional data model was presented, and its basic data structure of modeling elements was defined by C++. According to above data model and data structure, at first, liquid storage tank could be subdivided into the bottom surface, profile, and top surface which was easy to modeling; then, the paper discussed the three-dimensional modeling methods and steps of above subdivisions in detail; finally, the spatial entity of liquid storage tank was established by integrating the subdivisions. VC++ is as programming language, OpenGL graphics package is as tool of visualization, and the three-dimensional modeling experiment system of liquid storage tank has been developed. Take test tank modeling for example, it is shown that three-dimensional data model, data structure and methods mentioned is feasible.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84969622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349624
Jingquan Yang, Yumin Tan, Weinan Jia, Cuiling Ji
SOA is a service-oriented software architecture model, and it can support the transformation of geographical information software from “system and function” to “service and application”. This paper designs a scheme for integrated urban underground pipelines information management platform based on SOA and demonstrates its feasibility. Different grained functional modules of the system are encapsulated with Web Services technology and data exchange is implemented with XML.
{"title":"SOA-based platform design for integrated urban underground pipelines","authors":"Jingquan Yang, Yumin Tan, Weinan Jia, Cuiling Ji","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349624","url":null,"abstract":"SOA is a service-oriented software architecture model, and it can support the transformation of geographical information software from “system and function” to “service and application”. This paper designs a scheme for integrated urban underground pipelines information management platform based on SOA and demonstrates its feasibility. Different grained functional modules of the system are encapsulated with Web Services technology and data exchange is implemented with XML.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83618771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349567
Ya-e Wang, Jun-qing Ji, Jie Li, Peng Wang, Dongyang Wei
A community drainage system in arid area of northwest China was investigated, of which A# representing inspection well with catchment and without water drop, B# representing inspection well without catchment and water drop and C# representing inspection well with catchment and water drop. Through monitoring the pollutants concentration of different heights from water surface in inspection wells, from the blowhole of inspection wells and the pollutants concentration in the air near inspection wells, the impacts of gases emission from urban drainage system on the surrounding air quality was evaluated. The results showed that the level of hydrogen sulfide(H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) was much higher than that of ammonia(NH3)and methane(CH4) in inspection wells. Inspection well type and rainwater catchment also had a great influence on pollutants concentration. Through analyzing the air pollutants concentration near inspection wells, we found that the waste gases generated from urban drainage systems had a neglectable contribution to urban environmental air pollution.
{"title":"Analysis of gases discharging from inspection wells of urban drainage system and its impacts on the surrounding air quality","authors":"Ya-e Wang, Jun-qing Ji, Jie Li, Peng Wang, Dongyang Wei","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349567","url":null,"abstract":"A community drainage system in arid area of northwest China was investigated, of which A# representing inspection well with catchment and without water drop, B# representing inspection well without catchment and water drop and C# representing inspection well with catchment and water drop. Through monitoring the pollutants concentration of different heights from water surface in inspection wells, from the blowhole of inspection wells and the pollutants concentration in the air near inspection wells, the impacts of gases emission from urban drainage system on the surrounding air quality was evaluated. The results showed that the level of hydrogen sulfide(H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) was much higher than that of ammonia(NH3)and methane(CH4) in inspection wells. Inspection well type and rainwater catchment also had a great influence on pollutants concentration. Through analyzing the air pollutants concentration near inspection wells, we found that the waste gases generated from urban drainage systems had a neglectable contribution to urban environmental air pollution.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87178212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349562
Jialan Sun, X. Lei, Weihong Liao, Yunzhong Jiang, Hao Wang
With changes of underlying surface in Zhangwei River Basin in recent years, it is necessary to build distributed flood forecasting model in upper stream of Zhangwei River Basin to study the hydrologic processes, which can also provide technical support for the flood control department. Based on the physically characterized distributed hydrological model - EasyDHM - a more generalized and expandable method, a flood forecasting system (FFS) has been developed that is equipped with updated modules for pre-processing and automatic parameter optimizing. The general functions of FFS consists of three major parts:(1) a preprocessing module for hydrological analysis and modeling inputs, (2) a model calculation module, and (3) a results analysis module. With its application in the upper reaches of Zhangwei River Basin, this system exhibited a satisfactory performance so that it can provide more information for flood control and dispatch.
{"title":"Development of a flood forecasting system and its application to upper reaches of Zhangweihe River Basin","authors":"Jialan Sun, X. Lei, Weihong Liao, Yunzhong Jiang, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349562","url":null,"abstract":"With changes of underlying surface in Zhangwei River Basin in recent years, it is necessary to build distributed flood forecasting model in upper stream of Zhangwei River Basin to study the hydrologic processes, which can also provide technical support for the flood control department. Based on the physically characterized distributed hydrological model - EasyDHM - a more generalized and expandable method, a flood forecasting system (FFS) has been developed that is equipped with updated modules for pre-processing and automatic parameter optimizing. The general functions of FFS consists of three major parts:(1) a preprocessing module for hydrological analysis and modeling inputs, (2) a model calculation module, and (3) a results analysis module. With its application in the upper reaches of Zhangwei River Basin, this system exhibited a satisfactory performance so that it can provide more information for flood control and dispatch.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78556562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349636
Fanghong Ye, Huibing Wang, S. Ouyang, Xinming Tang, Zhong Li, M. Prakash
Based on the geospatial data, and supported by the water resource and civil engineering data, the dam-break and flood simulation results can be dynamically visualized in a creative 3 Dimensional(3D) spatio-temporal Geographic Information System(GIS). Moreover, the spatio-temporal analysis, the bi-temporal comparison and theme statistic analysis are able to provide details of the inundated area. The analysis results of the flood outcomes can help the decision maker on disaster governance, emergency response, and evaluations of the damage. This paper proposed an innovated integration of geoinformatic technologies and system hydrodynamics method to model the complex geographical processes and evaluate the effects of the disasters in a spatio-temporal GIS. By taking the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation output results into spatio-temporal modeling, the 3D dynamic visualization of GIS was achieved. Besides, a successful case study was also introduced in this paper. The visualization effects were dynamic and realistic, while the spatio-temporal analysis results were accurate and intuitive. More significantly, although GIS technologies has been developed for about 60 years and it has been adapted to many domains, like the water resource management research and application field, there are still limitations on the data sources used in GIS. As with these interdisciplinary research developments, advanced data sources from other research fields have been provided to GIS, which optimized and expanded the GIS features.
{"title":"Spatio-temporal analysis and visualization using SPH for dam-break and flood disasters in a GIS environment","authors":"Fanghong Ye, Huibing Wang, S. Ouyang, Xinming Tang, Zhong Li, M. Prakash","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349636","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the geospatial data, and supported by the water resource and civil engineering data, the dam-break and flood simulation results can be dynamically visualized in a creative 3 Dimensional(3D) spatio-temporal Geographic Information System(GIS). Moreover, the spatio-temporal analysis, the bi-temporal comparison and theme statistic analysis are able to provide details of the inundated area. The analysis results of the flood outcomes can help the decision maker on disaster governance, emergency response, and evaluations of the damage. This paper proposed an innovated integration of geoinformatic technologies and system hydrodynamics method to model the complex geographical processes and evaluate the effects of the disasters in a spatio-temporal GIS. By taking the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation output results into spatio-temporal modeling, the 3D dynamic visualization of GIS was achieved. Besides, a successful case study was also introduced in this paper. The visualization effects were dynamic and realistic, while the spatio-temporal analysis results were accurate and intuitive. More significantly, although GIS technologies has been developed for about 60 years and it has been adapted to many domains, like the water resource management research and application field, there are still limitations on the data sources used in GIS. As with these interdisciplinary research developments, advanced data sources from other research fields have been provided to GIS, which optimized and expanded the GIS features.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81304357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349578
Zhiyong Chen, X. Ning, Jixian Zhang
Cities hahave a complex construction and easily affected by human activities, so they needsto be surveyed and analyzed timely. WorldView-2 high resolution remote sensing image makes it possible to study the urban land cover classification by its abundant space geometric features and spectral information. This paper would have aimed at given urban land cover types to choose suitable segmentation scales and classification features through object oriented multi-scale segmentation and classification method based on WorldView-2 image data, and extracted the urban land cover types progressively according to reasonable order. Then it raised the NDWI and NDVI which appropriated to extract water and vegetation on WorldView-2 image, and grouped the objects' features after segmentation to extract the roads and buildings hierarchically. The results of accuracy assessment indicated that using this method to study the urban land cover classification based on WorldView-2 image received an ideal effect.
{"title":"Urban land cover classification based on WorldView-2 image data","authors":"Zhiyong Chen, X. Ning, Jixian Zhang","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349578","url":null,"abstract":"Cities hahave a complex construction and easily affected by human activities, so they needsto be surveyed and analyzed timely. WorldView-2 high resolution remote sensing image makes it possible to study the urban land cover classification by its abundant space geometric features and spectral information. This paper would have aimed at given urban land cover types to choose suitable segmentation scales and classification features through object oriented multi-scale segmentation and classification method based on WorldView-2 image data, and extracted the urban land cover types progressively according to reasonable order. Then it raised the NDWI and NDVI which appropriated to extract water and vegetation on WorldView-2 image, and grouped the objects' features after segmentation to extract the roads and buildings hierarchically. The results of accuracy assessment indicated that using this method to study the urban land cover classification based on WorldView-2 image received an ideal effect.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79917679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349560
Ning Zhang, L. Yao, Qing Wang
After the earthquake in WenChuan County, SiChuan Province of China, an increasing number of geologic hazards have happened in the disaster area. Based on the program of the construction of landslides and debris flows monitoring and warning system, this paper pays a main attention on the analysis of the warning methods of the initiation of debris flows, which means the alarm will be set off at the time when a debris flow breaks out in the upstream. After arranging abundance data of debris flows monitoring system in China and abroad, the merit and demerit of different non-contacted monitoring instruments are analyzed, especially for geosound and infrasound. At last, some ideas and suggestions are given for the construction of debris flows monitoring and warning system in the disaster area and the development direction of researching on debris flows are discussed.
{"title":"Study of non-contacted warning methods of the initiation of debris flows","authors":"Ning Zhang, L. Yao, Qing Wang","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349560","url":null,"abstract":"After the earthquake in WenChuan County, SiChuan Province of China, an increasing number of geologic hazards have happened in the disaster area. Based on the program of the construction of landslides and debris flows monitoring and warning system, this paper pays a main attention on the analysis of the warning methods of the initiation of debris flows, which means the alarm will be set off at the time when a debris flow breaks out in the upstream. After arranging abundance data of debris flows monitoring system in China and abroad, the merit and demerit of different non-contacted monitoring instruments are analyzed, especially for geosound and infrasound. At last, some ideas and suggestions are given for the construction of debris flows monitoring and warning system in the disaster area and the development direction of researching on debris flows are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81607396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349631
Hao Yang, Miao Zhang, Fuping Wu, Wenyan Song
In this paper, the degradation of CODcr of secondary effluent from refinery is completed by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis with the purpose of recycling. The optimal process parameters are determined, with the mass ratio of Fe / C being 3:2, the dosage amount of sponge iron being 15g, the reaction time being 2.5 hours, the reaction pH being 3, the range of the filler particle size being 1-2mm. Operated with optimal parameters, the removal rate of the CODcr of secondary effluent can be as high as 75% or more, improving the biodegradability of wastewater.
{"title":"The study on micro-electrolytic degradation of the CODCr of secondary effluent water from refinery","authors":"Hao Yang, Miao Zhang, Fuping Wu, Wenyan Song","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349631","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the degradation of CODcr of secondary effluent from refinery is completed by iron-carbon micro-electrolysis with the purpose of recycling. The optimal process parameters are determined, with the mass ratio of Fe / C being 3:2, the dosage amount of sponge iron being 15g, the reaction time being 2.5 hours, the reaction pH being 3, the range of the filler particle size being 1-2mm. Operated with optimal parameters, the removal rate of the CODcr of secondary effluent can be as high as 75% or more, improving the biodegradability of wastewater.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85894234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349577
J. Jiang, Shiyu Li
In the context of integrated water resource management, water problems should be managed in a basin-wide context and considered in relation to land-based issues, among which land use change has been proven to have significant impacts on water resource. In this study, land use change and its long-term impacts on surface runoff and nonpoint source pollution are investigated for the Liuxi River watershed, which is the only one drinking-water-supply river basin located inside the administrative area of Guangzhou. The land use change analysis was conducted based on land use classification results generated from Landsat TM images. For the period 1990-2005, the Liuxi River watershed experienced a high-speed urbanization and appeared a decreasing trend in forest and agricultural land areas. The Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment and Non Point Source Pollutant Model (L-THIA NPS), a GIS-based empirical model, was applied to assess the long-term impacts of land use change on surface runoff and nonpoint source pollution in terms of biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total suspended solids (TSS). The total runoff volume of the watershed was increased contributed by the increase of built-up areas. The loading of BOD has increased significantly as the concentration in runoff from urbanized areas is much higher than that from nonurban areas. Although urban runoff had relatively low contents of nutrients and suspended matters compared with nonurban runoff, the large increases in runoff volume from urban areas produced significant amounts of nutrients and suspended matters and so compensated the decrease of agricultural land, resulting in the overall increments of TN, TP and TSS. The spatial variation of land use change and consequent spatially varied impacts were also analyzed at sub-watershed scale. The results revealed that urbanization was intensified along the river, and the areas of agriculture land increased in the upstream and midstream parts of the watershed but decreased in the downstream part. Surface runoff depth was increased in almost all sub-watersheds, and the increases in urban areas provided main contribution. The increase in BOD load per unit area was obvious, and its spatial variation trend was in accordance with the spatial pattern of urban sprawl, presenting an increasing trend along the river and high risk of organic pollution at the river downstream. For the emissions of agriculture-dominated pollutants like TN, the increase of agricultural land undoubtedly has dominant effect, whereas the impacts of increased urban land may or may not exceed the decrease of agricultural land depending on their change extents.
{"title":"Modeling the long-term impacts of land use change on surface runoff and non-point source pollution integrating remote sensing and GIS for the Liuxi River watershed","authors":"J. Jiang, Shiyu Li","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349577","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of integrated water resource management, water problems should be managed in a basin-wide context and considered in relation to land-based issues, among which land use change has been proven to have significant impacts on water resource. In this study, land use change and its long-term impacts on surface runoff and nonpoint source pollution are investigated for the Liuxi River watershed, which is the only one drinking-water-supply river basin located inside the administrative area of Guangzhou. The land use change analysis was conducted based on land use classification results generated from Landsat TM images. For the period 1990-2005, the Liuxi River watershed experienced a high-speed urbanization and appeared a decreasing trend in forest and agricultural land areas. The Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment and Non Point Source Pollutant Model (L-THIA NPS), a GIS-based empirical model, was applied to assess the long-term impacts of land use change on surface runoff and nonpoint source pollution in terms of biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total suspended solids (TSS). The total runoff volume of the watershed was increased contributed by the increase of built-up areas. The loading of BOD has increased significantly as the concentration in runoff from urbanized areas is much higher than that from nonurban areas. Although urban runoff had relatively low contents of nutrients and suspended matters compared with nonurban runoff, the large increases in runoff volume from urban areas produced significant amounts of nutrients and suspended matters and so compensated the decrease of agricultural land, resulting in the overall increments of TN, TP and TSS. The spatial variation of land use change and consequent spatially varied impacts were also analyzed at sub-watershed scale. The results revealed that urbanization was intensified along the river, and the areas of agriculture land increased in the upstream and midstream parts of the watershed but decreased in the downstream part. Surface runoff depth was increased in almost all sub-watersheds, and the increases in urban areas provided main contribution. The increase in BOD load per unit area was obvious, and its spatial variation trend was in accordance with the spatial pattern of urban sprawl, presenting an increasing trend along the river and high risk of organic pollution at the river downstream. For the emissions of agriculture-dominated pollutants like TN, the increase of agricultural land undoubtedly has dominant effect, whereas the impacts of increased urban land may or may not exceed the decrease of agricultural land depending on their change extents.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83736261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349604
Li Zhao, Q. Cheng, Ji-Xing Zhao
Butralin WP is a New formulation with the merits of being safe, environmentally friendly and relatively inexpensive. The control efficiency of monocotyledonous weeds in wheat field is very well. Recommend dose is 330g ~ 380g/667m2. In the process of production, packaging and use of it is safe to human, animal and environment and higher weeding effect. The cost of 1 kg butralin WP is 64.4 yuan, lower than the EC formulation (EC 68.2 yuan). Water environment and soil will be less affected. In addition to better economic benefits, it is beneficial to society and environment.
{"title":"Applied research on butralin-new environmentally friendly formulation and analysis of its environmental and economic effects","authors":"Li Zhao, Q. Cheng, Ji-Xing Zhao","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349604","url":null,"abstract":"Butralin WP is a New formulation with the merits of being safe, environmentally friendly and relatively inexpensive. The control efficiency of monocotyledonous weeds in wheat field is very well. Recommend dose is 330g ~ 380g/667m2. In the process of production, packaging and use of it is safe to human, animal and environment and higher weeding effect. The cost of 1 kg butralin WP is 64.4 yuan, lower than the EC formulation (EC 68.2 yuan). Water environment and soil will be less affected. In addition to better economic benefits, it is beneficial to society and environment.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83325494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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