Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349572
Ling Shi, Tinglin Huang
The supported catalysts RuO2-CeO2/γ-Al2O3, Fe2O3-CeO2/γ-Al2O3, Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 were prepared by consecutive impregnation in which γ-Al2O3 was used as carrier. The catalysts were applied to treat organic micro-pollutants in source water from a reservoir in Xi'an under conditions of water lifting and aeration. No obvious inactivity phenomenon was found, even if the catalysts were constantly used for 20 days to eliminate effect of pure adsorption, 38% of UV254, 28% of CODMn and 27% of TOC can be removed in 7 days. The result of leaching ions tests shows the catalyst Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 has an excellent stability, thus it was chosen as optimum catalyst considering treatment effect, preparing process and preparing cost. Then the roasting temperature, roasting time, and dipping solution concentration were investigated to optimize preparing process of Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3.
{"title":"Study on catalytic oxidation of organic micro-pollutants in source water enhanced by water-lifting aerator","authors":"Ling Shi, Tinglin Huang","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349572","url":null,"abstract":"The supported catalysts RuO<sub>2</sub>-CeO<sub>2</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CeO<sub>2</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> were prepared by consecutive impregnation in which γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was used as carrier. The catalysts were applied to treat organic micro-pollutants in source water from a reservoir in Xi'an under conditions of water lifting and aeration. No obvious inactivity phenomenon was found, even if the catalysts were constantly used for 20 days to eliminate effect of pure adsorption, 38% of UV<sub>254</sub>, 28% of COD<sub>Mn</sub> and 27% of TOC can be removed in 7 days. The result of leaching ions tests shows the catalyst Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> has an excellent stability, thus it was chosen as optimum catalyst considering treatment effect, preparing process and preparing cost. Then the roasting temperature, roasting time, and dipping solution concentration were investigated to optimize preparing process of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82125324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The coagulation tests for simulated urban rainwater were performed using PAC and PAFC respectively. The influences of coagulant type, dosage and pH of raw water on the coagulation effect were investigated. The results show that under the conditions of the fast stirring rate of 200 r/min(1 minute), the middle stirring rate of 150 r/min(5 minutes), low stirring rate of 50 r/min(15 minutes), the optimum dosage of PAC is 40ml/L, the optimum dosage of PAFC is 60ml/L. There is no significant difference in coagulation effect between PAC and PAFC. Taking cost into account, PAC was recommended. When the pH ranges from 6.5 to 7.5, the coagulation efficiency of PAC is better. When PAC dosage is 40mg/L and pH of raw water is 7.0, the removal rate of turbidity, ammonia nitrogen and CODcr was 98.14%, 18.05% and 47.46%, respectively.
{"title":"Study on coagulation effects of PAC and PAFC on urban rainwater treatment","authors":"Hao Yang, Xianqiang Chen, Fuping Wu, Zhifang Yue, Qunshu Zhu, Xiang Yan","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349634","url":null,"abstract":"The coagulation tests for simulated urban rainwater were performed using PAC and PAFC respectively. The influences of coagulant type, dosage and pH of raw water on the coagulation effect were investigated. The results show that under the conditions of the fast stirring rate of 200 r/min(1 minute), the middle stirring rate of 150 r/min(5 minutes), low stirring rate of 50 r/min(15 minutes), the optimum dosage of PAC is 40ml/L, the optimum dosage of PAFC is 60ml/L. There is no significant difference in coagulation effect between PAC and PAFC. Taking cost into account, PAC was recommended. When the pH ranges from 6.5 to 7.5, the coagulation efficiency of PAC is better. When PAC dosage is 40mg/L and pH of raw water is 7.0, the removal rate of turbidity, ammonia nitrogen and CODcr was 98.14%, 18.05% and 47.46%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86109788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349579
Weihong Xu, Dexiang Ge, Z. Pang, Shuanghu Zhang, Yunzhong Jiang
With MODIS-EVI data, Dimidiate Pixel Model is applied in analysis of the vegetation coverage change at Ertan reservaoir area in south China from year 2000 to 2009. Findings include: a) the study area mainly focuses on middle and high level vegetation; b) the overall vegetation coverage shows an increasing trend during last decade, while in some small parts of the area vegetation degradation exists.
{"title":"Estimation and dynamic changes analysis of vegetation coverage in the ertan reservoir area based on remote sensing","authors":"Weihong Xu, Dexiang Ge, Z. Pang, Shuanghu Zhang, Yunzhong Jiang","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349579","url":null,"abstract":"With MODIS-EVI data, Dimidiate Pixel Model is applied in analysis of the vegetation coverage change at Ertan reservaoir area in south China from year 2000 to 2009. Findings include: a) the study area mainly focuses on middle and high level vegetation; b) the overall vegetation coverage shows an increasing trend during last decade, while in some small parts of the area vegetation degradation exists.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91369535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349613
Yinqun Yang, Yonggui Wang, Wanshun Zhang, Jing'an Ma
A coupled one-dimensional river network and two-dimensional lake hydrodynamic and water quality model is developed in this paper. The principle model coupling is that water level, discharge and water quality simulated by the one-dimensional river network model and two-dimensional lake model are equal respectively at the junction section. Finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations of the model system. The developed model was applied in the Gehu Lake water system to simulate the hydrodynamic and water quality. Hydrology and water quality monitoring data of 2007 is used for the model calibration and validation. The good agreement of the calculated results with the measured shows that the model can be a effective tool for the water dynamic and water quality simulation of complex river network and lake-land regions.
{"title":"Numerical study of coupled one-dimensional and two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model for complex lake and river network areas","authors":"Yinqun Yang, Yonggui Wang, Wanshun Zhang, Jing'an Ma","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349613","url":null,"abstract":"A coupled one-dimensional river network and two-dimensional lake hydrodynamic and water quality model is developed in this paper. The principle model coupling is that water level, discharge and water quality simulated by the one-dimensional river network model and two-dimensional lake model are equal respectively at the junction section. Finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations of the model system. The developed model was applied in the Gehu Lake water system to simulate the hydrodynamic and water quality. Hydrology and water quality monitoring data of 2007 is used for the model calibration and validation. The good agreement of the calculated results with the measured shows that the model can be a effective tool for the water dynamic and water quality simulation of complex river network and lake-land regions.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90100936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349633
Guozhen Zhang, Wenyan Song, Fuping Wu, Zhifang Yue, Shichao Yang
Based on the turbidity, lower temperature and micro polluted of cellar water in villages and towns in northwest china, removal efficiency of turbidity, CODMn, NH3-N, UV254 was analyzed in this integrate technology by simulating northwest cellar rainwater. Results showed that the turbidity, CODMn, NH3-N, UV254 in yielding water became stable and the average removal rate reached 92%, 30%, 32%, 32% respectively after integrate technology was operating 25 days. The above indexes after rough filtration and slow biological filtration techniques are all accord with the standards of drinking water quality. Therefore, this integrate technology can be used to retreat the diminutive and scattered cellar water of villages and towns in northwest china.
{"title":"Study on rough filtration plus slow sand filtration techniques for cellar water of villages and towns in Northwest China","authors":"Guozhen Zhang, Wenyan Song, Fuping Wu, Zhifang Yue, Shichao Yang","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349633","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the turbidity, lower temperature and micro polluted of cellar water in villages and towns in northwest china, removal efficiency of turbidity, CODMn, NH3-N, UV254 was analyzed in this integrate technology by simulating northwest cellar rainwater. Results showed that the turbidity, CODMn, NH3-N, UV254 in yielding water became stable and the average removal rate reached 92%, 30%, 32%, 32% respectively after integrate technology was operating 25 days. The above indexes after rough filtration and slow biological filtration techniques are all accord with the standards of drinking water quality. Therefore, this integrate technology can be used to retreat the diminutive and scattered cellar water of villages and towns in northwest china.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90565837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The course mainly states the characters of oil production sewage and the study of formation causes; indicates the main existing problems in current sewage treatment for oil production in oil field and illustrates present situation for methods to deal with sewage both at home and abroad; indicates the significance of it and make an expectation about technology in oil production sewage.
{"title":"Summarization about sewage treatment for oil production in oil field","authors":"Hongwei Zhang, Y. Niu, Guozhen Zhang, Shiyu Gong, Guoliang Qiao, Qunshu Zhu","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349632","url":null,"abstract":"The course mainly states the characters of oil production sewage and the study of formation causes; indicates the main existing problems in current sewage treatment for oil production in oil field and illustrates present situation for methods to deal with sewage both at home and abroad; indicates the significance of it and make an expectation about technology in oil production sewage.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88940811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349588
Xingdong Li, Zhengcheng Zhang
For a long time, how to utilize water resources rationally has influenced Minqin economic, ecological and social benefits. Through analyzing Minqin Value of Output Related to Water Resources from 1956 to 2009, this paper determines the appropriate Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA), forecases Minqin Value of Output Related to Water Resource from 2010 to 2015. The results show that the ARIMA model is effective and forecast data can be trusted.
{"title":"A time series forecasting based on ARIMA for Minqin value of output related to water resources","authors":"Xingdong Li, Zhengcheng Zhang","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349588","url":null,"abstract":"For a long time, how to utilize water resources rationally has influenced Minqin economic, ecological and social benefits. Through analyzing Minqin Value of Output Related to Water Resources from 1956 to 2009, this paper determines the appropriate Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average model (ARIMA), forecases Minqin Value of Output Related to Water Resource from 2010 to 2015. The results show that the ARIMA model is effective and forecast data can be trusted.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90421157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349628
Yue Wang, Donggui Qi, Zhiyong Wei, Jie Li
Considering the influent organic load of the sewage treatment stations along the Qinghai-Tibet line is less than half of the design value or even lower load condition, the study proceeds from process improvement and inoculating microorganism by adding porous flexible carriers and imported high-efficiency microorganisms to the biochemical reaction basin, turning continuous-flow into batch-flow, and shortening the aeration time of intermittent operation cycle. Through laboratory and field experiments, the program for the normal operation of the biological treatment along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in low influent loading period has been got. The results show that imported high-efficiency microorganism can be used as vaccination microorganisms in the emergency situation; and efficient microorganisms combined with microbial immobilization technology can greatly enhance the effect of biochemical treatment and the ability of resistance to low influent loading; when the organic load was as low as 0.1kgCOD/m3·d around, operating intermittently with 12h as a cycle, aerating for 4h at least can achieve the highest COD removal rate, which can provide references for the operation and aeration time of the reactors in low organic load. The research result provides a technique to solving the practical sewage treatment problems along the Qinghai-Tibet line.
{"title":"The study of safeguard measures for the biological treatment of domestic sewage in low load along Qinghai-Tibet Railway","authors":"Yue Wang, Donggui Qi, Zhiyong Wei, Jie Li","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349628","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the influent organic load of the sewage treatment stations along the Qinghai-Tibet line is less than half of the design value or even lower load condition, the study proceeds from process improvement and inoculating microorganism by adding porous flexible carriers and imported high-efficiency microorganisms to the biochemical reaction basin, turning continuous-flow into batch-flow, and shortening the aeration time of intermittent operation cycle. Through laboratory and field experiments, the program for the normal operation of the biological treatment along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in low influent loading period has been got. The results show that imported high-efficiency microorganism can be used as vaccination microorganisms in the emergency situation; and efficient microorganisms combined with microbial immobilization technology can greatly enhance the effect of biochemical treatment and the ability of resistance to low influent loading; when the organic load was as low as 0.1kgCOD/m3·d around, operating intermittently with 12h as a cycle, aerating for 4h at least can achieve the highest COD removal rate, which can provide references for the operation and aeration time of the reactors in low organic load. The research result provides a technique to solving the practical sewage treatment problems along the Qinghai-Tibet line.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83425381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349584
K. Irvine, S. Vermette, F. Mustafa
Longitudinal water quality trends were assessed in the Tengi River system, Selangor State, Malaysia, as the water moved from a peat swamp forest, through different agricultural land uses, and finally through an urban area to the Straits of Malacca. Water draining from the peat swamp forest was dark in color due to its organic content and low in dissolved oxygen, pH, E. coli, calcium, nitrate, and ammonia. The normal diurnal pattern for water temperature was observed for the peat swamp forest drainage, but no diurnal pattern was evident in the dissolved oxygen data. The E. coli levels increased monotonically from the peat forest waters (0 colonies/100 mL) through the agricultural areas (100-2,000 colonies/100 mL) and the urban area (7,100 colonies/100 mL), and similarly pH increased along the same continuum. Dissolved oxygen increased from the peat swamp forest through the agricultural areas, but was lower in the urban-impacted reach of the Tengi River.
{"title":"The “black waters” of Malaysia: Tracking water quality from the peat swamp forest to the sea","authors":"K. Irvine, S. Vermette, F. Mustafa","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349584","url":null,"abstract":"Longitudinal water quality trends were assessed in the Tengi River system, Selangor State, Malaysia, as the water moved from a peat swamp forest, through different agricultural land uses, and finally through an urban area to the Straits of Malacca. Water draining from the peat swamp forest was dark in color due to its organic content and low in dissolved oxygen, pH, E. coli, calcium, nitrate, and ammonia. The normal diurnal pattern for water temperature was observed for the peat swamp forest drainage, but no diurnal pattern was evident in the dissolved oxygen data. The E. coli levels increased monotonically from the peat forest waters (0 colonies/100 mL) through the agricultural areas (100-2,000 colonies/100 mL) and the urban area (7,100 colonies/100 mL), and similarly pH increased along the same continuum. Dissolved oxygen increased from the peat swamp forest through the agricultural areas, but was lower in the urban-impacted reach of the Tengi River.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83873072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349540
Xiaohong Yan, Song Li, Chunchun Hu
At present the Changjiang river water supply projects are widely distributed and their types are different. The current situation brings much inconvenience to the management of water resources. In order to improve the supervision and management of the water intake permission work efficiency, we set up The Changjiang Water Resource Commission's Water intake Remote Monitoring and controlling System to the Changjiang river water resources scientifically. This paper mainly introduces the framework and main functions of the System including the water intake information collection subsystem, the GPRS information transmission subsystem, the information storage subsystem and the information application subsystem based on ArcGIS Server technology. Through building the Changjiang River's water intake remote monitoring network, we monitor the water intake effectively, control the water intake dynamically in real time, and improve the reasonable allocation of water, scheduling and scientific management level.
{"title":"Design and implementation of the Changjiang Water Resource commission's water intake remote monitoring and controlling system","authors":"Xiaohong Yan, Song Li, Chunchun Hu","doi":"10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GIWRM.2012.6349540","url":null,"abstract":"At present the Changjiang river water supply projects are widely distributed and their types are different. The current situation brings much inconvenience to the management of water resources. In order to improve the supervision and management of the water intake permission work efficiency, we set up The Changjiang Water Resource Commission's Water intake Remote Monitoring and controlling System to the Changjiang river water resources scientifically. This paper mainly introduces the framework and main functions of the System including the water intake information collection subsystem, the GPRS information transmission subsystem, the information storage subsystem and the information application subsystem based on ArcGIS Server technology. Through building the Changjiang River's water intake remote monitoring network, we monitor the water intake effectively, control the water intake dynamically in real time, and improve the reasonable allocation of water, scheduling and scientific management level.","PeriodicalId":6394,"journal":{"name":"2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resource Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88356290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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