Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342281
S. Krishnamurthy
The paper presents half-bridge topologies for single phase and three phase AC-AC electronic transformer application. The primary motivation for an electronic transformer is to reduce the weight of the core material needed for isolating low frequency (50-60Hz) AC lines. The half bridge electronic transformer topology achieves the needed isolation with high frequency magnetic components and without the need for an intermediary DC link. The paper discusses the operation of the topology and presents simulation and experimental results for a single phase electronic transformer. An extension of the topology for three phase applications is also presented and simulation result showing its operation is presented.
{"title":"Half bridge topologies for electronic transformers","authors":"S. Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342281","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents half-bridge topologies for single phase and three phase AC-AC electronic transformer application. The primary motivation for an electronic transformer is to reduce the weight of the core material needed for isolating low frequency (50-60Hz) AC lines. The half bridge electronic transformer topology achieves the needed isolation with high frequency magnetic components and without the need for an intermediary DC link. The paper discusses the operation of the topology and presents simulation and experimental results for a single phase electronic transformer. An extension of the topology for three phase applications is also presented and simulation result showing its operation is presented.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74675004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342337
H. Hussain, H. Toliyat
Induction motors are commonly used in numerous industrial applications. To maintain a reliable operation of the motor, it is important to identify the potential faults that may cause the motor to fail. Bearing failures are one of the main causes of motor breakdown. In some cases, bearings fail due to the electric current passing through them. In this paper, bearing currents in inverter driven five-phase induction motors are studied and a novel solution is proposed. First, theories of shaft voltage and bearing current are presented. Then, new switching patterns are proposed for the five-phase induction motor. The system is simulated and the results of the new switching patterns are compared with the conventional switching pattern. Finally, the new schemes are experimentally tested using a digital signal processor (DSP) to control the power converter. The experiments verified that the new switching pattern could reduce shaft voltages and bearing current without affecting motor performance.
{"title":"Reduction of shaft voltages and bearing currents in five-phase induction motors","authors":"H. Hussain, H. Toliyat","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342337","url":null,"abstract":"Induction motors are commonly used in numerous industrial applications. To maintain a reliable operation of the motor, it is important to identify the potential faults that may cause the motor to fail. Bearing failures are one of the main causes of motor breakdown. In some cases, bearings fail due to the electric current passing through them. In this paper, bearing currents in inverter driven five-phase induction motors are studied and a novel solution is proposed. First, theories of shaft voltage and bearing current are presented. Then, new switching patterns are proposed for the five-phase induction motor. The system is simulated and the results of the new switching patterns are compared with the conventional switching pattern. Finally, the new schemes are experimentally tested using a digital signal processor (DSP) to control the power converter. The experiments verified that the new switching pattern could reduce shaft voltages and bearing current without affecting motor performance.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72928731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342249
Y. Ohnuma, J. Itoh
The present paper discusses a new circuit configuration and a new control method for a single-phase AC-DC converter with power factor correction (PFC) and a power pulsation decoupling function. The proposed converter can achieve low total harmonic distortion (THD) on the input current and the power pulsation decoupling function between the input and output side, which allows low output voltage ripple even on a small output energy buffer at the same time using an active buffer. Therefore, the proposed converter does not require large smoothing capacitors or large smoothing inductors. The buffering energy is stored by a small capacitor, which controls the capacitor voltage variation through the active buffer. In the present paper, the fundamental operations of the proposed converter are investigated experimentally. The experimental results reveal that the input current THD is 1.44%, the rate of the output voltage ripple is 6.33%, and the input power factor (P.F.) is over 99%. In addition, a maximum efficiency of over 96% is obtained for a 750-W prototype converter.
{"title":"A novel single-phase buck PFC AC-DC converter using an active buffer","authors":"Y. Ohnuma, J. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342249","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper discusses a new circuit configuration and a new control method for a single-phase AC-DC converter with power factor correction (PFC) and a power pulsation decoupling function. The proposed converter can achieve low total harmonic distortion (THD) on the input current and the power pulsation decoupling function between the input and output side, which allows low output voltage ripple even on a small output energy buffer at the same time using an active buffer. Therefore, the proposed converter does not require large smoothing capacitors or large smoothing inductors. The buffering energy is stored by a small capacitor, which controls the capacitor voltage variation through the active buffer. In the present paper, the fundamental operations of the proposed converter are investigated experimentally. The experimental results reveal that the input current THD is 1.44%, the rate of the output voltage ripple is 6.33%, and the input power factor (P.F.) is over 99%. In addition, a maximum efficiency of over 96% is obtained for a 750-W prototype converter.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75384778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excitation strategies are explored as part of an overall design to minimize mass and maximize efficiency of a 2 kW portable power generator. The design includes 16 variables and is based upon a magnetic equivalent circuit model that includes core loss. Despite the influence of saturation and core loss, a relatively straightforward field-oriented type control is derived that is consistent with the goals of mass and loss reduction. Design and control are validated through hardware experiment.
{"title":"Alternative excitation strategies for a wound rotor synchronous machine drive","authors":"R. Wang, S. Pekarek, M. Bash","doi":"10.4271/2014-01-2138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2138","url":null,"abstract":"Excitation strategies are explored as part of an overall design to minimize mass and maximize efficiency of a 2 kW portable power generator. The design includes 16 variables and is based upon a magnetic equivalent circuit model that includes core loss. Despite the influence of saturation and core loss, a relatively straightforward field-oriented type control is derived that is consistent with the goals of mass and loss reduction. Design and control are validated through hardware experiment.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72580218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342802
Xiaoguo Liang, M. Wang, Gang Ji, G. Naveen
Differential remote sensing has been popularly used in voltage regulator to ensure a high regulation accuracy requirement for processor supply voltage. One new remote sensing method by using normal VR controller is proposed in this paper to achieve similar high regulation accuracy as that by using true differential remote sensing method for output voltage. Advantages of it are analyzed in detail and design considerations are also analyzed as well. Finally, test is conducted for normal VR controllers to verify it's one effective way to achieve good output voltage regulation accuracy for VRs.
{"title":"One novel remote sensing method for on-board voltage regulator in computing system","authors":"Xiaoguo Liang, M. Wang, Gang Ji, G. Naveen","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342802","url":null,"abstract":"Differential remote sensing has been popularly used in voltage regulator to ensure a high regulation accuracy requirement for processor supply voltage. One new remote sensing method by using normal VR controller is proposed in this paper to achieve similar high regulation accuracy as that by using true differential remote sensing method for output voltage. Advantages of it are analyzed in detail and design considerations are also analyzed as well. Finally, test is conducted for normal VR controllers to verify it's one effective way to achieve good output voltage regulation accuracy for VRs.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78425534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342817
E. Karaman, M. Farasat, A. Trzynadlowski
When compared to the Z-source inverter, the quasi Z-source inverter offers several advantages, including lower component ratings, reduced source stress and switch count, and simpler control strategies. In this study, the concept of a quasi Z-source network is extended on a 3Φ-3Φ indirect matrix converter. The converter, destined for residential wind energy systems, is based on the ultra-sparse matrix topology characterized by the minimum number of semiconductor switches. The quasi Z-source network is placed between the three-switch input rectifier stage and the output six-switch inverter stage.
{"title":"A 3Ф-3Ф quasi Z-source matrix converter for residential wind energy systems","authors":"E. Karaman, M. Farasat, A. Trzynadlowski","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342817","url":null,"abstract":"When compared to the Z-source inverter, the quasi Z-source inverter offers several advantages, including lower component ratings, reduced source stress and switch count, and simpler control strategies. In this study, the concept of a quasi Z-source network is extended on a 3Φ-3Φ indirect matrix converter. The converter, destined for residential wind energy systems, is based on the ultra-sparse matrix topology characterized by the minimum number of semiconductor switches. The quasi Z-source network is placed between the three-switch input rectifier stage and the output six-switch inverter stage.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74991310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342470
Jianwu Zeng, W. Qiao, Liyan Qu
This paper proposes a new isolated multiport DC-DC converter for simultaneous power management of multiple sources, which can be of different types and capacities. The proposed DC-DC converter only uses one controllable switch in each port to which a source is connected. Therefore, it has the advantages of simple topology and minimum number of power switches. A general topology of the proposed converter is firstly introduced. Its principle and operation are then analyzed. The proposed converter is applied for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of a wind/solar hybrid system consisting of one wind turbine generator (WTG) and two photovoltaic (PV) panels. Simulation studies are carried out in MATLAB Simulink to validate the proposed converter and the MPPT control of the wind/solar hybrid system by using real wind speed and solar radiation data obtained from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Experimental results are then provided to further validate the effectiveness of using the proposed converter to achieve MPPT simultaneously for WTG and both PV panels.
{"title":"An isolated multiport DC-DC converter for simultaneous power management of multiple renewable energy sources","authors":"Jianwu Zeng, W. Qiao, Liyan Qu","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342470","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new isolated multiport DC-DC converter for simultaneous power management of multiple sources, which can be of different types and capacities. The proposed DC-DC converter only uses one controllable switch in each port to which a source is connected. Therefore, it has the advantages of simple topology and minimum number of power switches. A general topology of the proposed converter is firstly introduced. Its principle and operation are then analyzed. The proposed converter is applied for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control of a wind/solar hybrid system consisting of one wind turbine generator (WTG) and two photovoltaic (PV) panels. Simulation studies are carried out in MATLAB Simulink to validate the proposed converter and the MPPT control of the wind/solar hybrid system by using real wind speed and solar radiation data obtained from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Experimental results are then provided to further validate the effectiveness of using the proposed converter to achieve MPPT simultaneously for WTG and both PV panels.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77666235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342378
L. Sinopoli, M. Ordonez, J. Quaicoe
This paper introduces a novel DSP-based emulator that employs a 3-phase current controlled inverter to reproduce the dynamic behavior of marine current turbines. The proposed marine current emulator provides a flexible platform to modify the resource conditions, test different combinations of the turbine's parameters, and supervise the system variables in real time. These characteristics allow the emulation of steady and transient electrical behavior of turbines under various operating conditions and scenarios. The emulator is, therefore, a valuable R&D tool for this emerging and promising power generation technology. The elimination of mechanical parts and the simplicity of the design, two innovative aspects of the proposed architecture, introduce several advantages: low cost, free-maintenance, portability, and safety (characteristics often required in laboratory settings). Experimental results of the marine current emulator are presented to validate the system and illustrate the operation of the high-bandwidth inverter employed to drive its output. The emulator can be used for sizing analysis, site evaluation, testing power converter topologies, and evaluating control strategies.
{"title":"DSP-based marine current turbine emulator using a 3-phase inverter","authors":"L. Sinopoli, M. Ordonez, J. Quaicoe","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342378","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel DSP-based emulator that employs a 3-phase current controlled inverter to reproduce the dynamic behavior of marine current turbines. The proposed marine current emulator provides a flexible platform to modify the resource conditions, test different combinations of the turbine's parameters, and supervise the system variables in real time. These characteristics allow the emulation of steady and transient electrical behavior of turbines under various operating conditions and scenarios. The emulator is, therefore, a valuable R&D tool for this emerging and promising power generation technology. The elimination of mechanical parts and the simplicity of the design, two innovative aspects of the proposed architecture, introduce several advantages: low cost, free-maintenance, portability, and safety (characteristics often required in laboratory settings). Experimental results of the marine current emulator are presented to validate the system and illustrate the operation of the high-bandwidth inverter employed to drive its output. The emulator can be used for sizing analysis, site evaluation, testing power converter topologies, and evaluating control strategies.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77921552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342827
L. Alberti, N. Bianchi
This paper considers the design of fractional-slot induction machine. An analytical model is used to identify the best combinations of stator slots, rotor slots and pole pairs. Multi-layer windings (with more than two layers) are considered in both the stator and the rotor to reduce the MMF space-harmonics amplitudes and so to limit the torque ripple. After the general design procedure for the multi-layer windings, an application example is presented. Thanks to the adoption of multi-layer windings, a considerable reduction of the torque ripple is achieved. Both predictions and experimental tests on two prototypes are included in the paper.
{"title":"Design and tests on a fractional-slot induction machine","authors":"L. Alberti, N. Bianchi","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342827","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the design of fractional-slot induction machine. An analytical model is used to identify the best combinations of stator slots, rotor slots and pole pairs. Multi-layer windings (with more than two layers) are considered in both the stator and the rotor to reduce the MMF space-harmonics amplitudes and so to limit the torque ripple. After the general design procedure for the multi-layer windings, an application example is presented. Thanks to the adoption of multi-layer windings, a considerable reduction of the torque ripple is achieved. Both predictions and experimental tests on two prototypes are included in the paper.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80156489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342801
W. Huang, J. A. Abu Qahouq, S. Ahmed
Adaptive voltage positioning (AVP) has been used in DC-DC switching power converters for powering integrated circuits due to its advantages of utilizing allowable output voltage tolerance while decreasing the output filter capacitance requirement, and achieving faster transient response. Most of the AVP control schemes in the published literature require current sensing and sampling circuits which increase cost, size, complexity and can cause inaccuracies of AVP operation. A SLAVP controller of DC-DC buck converter is recently proposed in the literature which can achieve AVP control based on the linear relationship between the output current value and the duty cycle value while using the duty cycle value as an indicator of current value. However, this SLAVP control scheme cannot be directly applied to DC-DC boost converter topology because of two reasons. One is the RHP (Right Half Plane) zero of boost converter which might yield system stability issues and ringing effects during light to heavy load transients. Second, the relationship between the output current value and the duty cycle value of the DC-DC boost converter is nonlinear. This paper proposes a linearized sensorless AVP (L-SLAVP) control scheme which successfully addresses the second issue. The theoretical basis of the proposed scheme is given and a simulation model of boost converter with L-SLAVP controller is developed in MATLAB®/SIMULINK® environment for verification and evaluation.
{"title":"Linearized sensorless adaptive voltage positioning controller for DC-DC boost power converter","authors":"W. Huang, J. A. Abu Qahouq, S. Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE.2012.6342801","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive voltage positioning (AVP) has been used in DC-DC switching power converters for powering integrated circuits due to its advantages of utilizing allowable output voltage tolerance while decreasing the output filter capacitance requirement, and achieving faster transient response. Most of the AVP control schemes in the published literature require current sensing and sampling circuits which increase cost, size, complexity and can cause inaccuracies of AVP operation. A SLAVP controller of DC-DC buck converter is recently proposed in the literature which can achieve AVP control based on the linear relationship between the output current value and the duty cycle value while using the duty cycle value as an indicator of current value. However, this SLAVP control scheme cannot be directly applied to DC-DC boost converter topology because of two reasons. One is the RHP (Right Half Plane) zero of boost converter which might yield system stability issues and ringing effects during light to heavy load transients. Second, the relationship between the output current value and the duty cycle value of the DC-DC boost converter is nonlinear. This paper proposes a linearized sensorless AVP (L-SLAVP) control scheme which successfully addresses the second issue. The theoretical basis of the proposed scheme is given and a simulation model of boost converter with L-SLAVP controller is developed in MATLAB®/SIMULINK® environment for verification and evaluation.","PeriodicalId":6401,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81583598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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