Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5997070
M. Joyal, J. Laurin
A circular polarizer is a surface or a cascade of surfaces that converts linearly polarized waves into circularly polarized waves. In this paper, a simple method is proposed to model and design these surfaces using transmission line circuit theory. This technique also permits to reduce spacing between surfaces as desired. In this way, thinner circular polarizers can be made. A conventional meander-line circular polarizer (spacing of λ/4 between its surfaces) made of three surfaces is designed and compared with a new “hybrid” circular polarizer having half the thickness. Results are shown and compared.
{"title":"Design of thin circular polarizers","authors":"M. Joyal, J. Laurin","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5997070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5997070","url":null,"abstract":"A circular polarizer is a surface or a cascade of surfaces that converts linearly polarized waves into circularly polarized waves. In this paper, a simple method is proposed to model and design these surfaces using transmission line circuit theory. This technique also permits to reduce spacing between surfaces as desired. In this way, thinner circular polarizers can be made. A conventional meander-line circular polarizer (spacing of λ/4 between its surfaces) made of three surfaces is designed and compared with a new “hybrid” circular polarizer having half the thickness. Results are shown and compared.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"2653-2656"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79667012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5997011
M. Gregory, D. Werner
Classical evolutionary strategies such as the genetic algorithm and particle swarm technique have long been the most called upon methods for optimization of electromagnetic design problems. Due to their capability for robust global search and their ease of implementation, they have been fruitfully applied to the design of antennas, arrays, frequency selective surfaces, metamaterials and other electromagnetic devices. Since then, many new optimization techniques have been developed that often allow more complex design problems to be tackled, or reduce the time needed to optimize the problems of the past. One algorithm found particularly effective is the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy (CMA-ES). The operation of CMA-ES will be covered in detail here. Additionally, the powerful performance of the technique when confronted with several different design problems and test functions will be demonstrated.
{"title":"Next generation electromagnetic optimization with the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy","authors":"M. Gregory, D. Werner","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5997011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5997011","url":null,"abstract":"Classical evolutionary strategies such as the genetic algorithm and particle swarm technique have long been the most called upon methods for optimization of electromagnetic design problems. Due to their capability for robust global search and their ease of implementation, they have been fruitfully applied to the design of antennas, arrays, frequency selective surfaces, metamaterials and other electromagnetic devices. Since then, many new optimization techniques have been developed that often allow more complex design problems to be tackled, or reduce the time needed to optimize the problems of the past. One algorithm found particularly effective is the covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy (CMA-ES). The operation of CMA-ES will be covered in detail here. Additionally, the powerful performance of the technique when confronted with several different design problems and test functions will be demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"2423-2426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77328924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.6058703
M. Manteghi
Based on the Singularity Expansion Method (SEM) the late time scattered signal from an object consists of a summation of damped sinusoidals. Each damped sinusoidal represents a pair of complex conjugate natural frequencies (poles) which are tied to the scatterer's structure. The classical Matrix Pencil method has been used extensively to extract poles and residues from the late time scattered signal. Multiple objects break the matrix pencil method due to existence of different groups of poles and residues with different time windows in the same received signal. The technique presented in this paper attempts to separate poles based on their times and directions of arrival. This helps to analyze the scattered signal in presence of multiple objects.
{"title":"A space-time-frequency target identification technique for chipless RFID applications","authors":"M. Manteghi","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.6058703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.6058703","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the Singularity Expansion Method (SEM) the late time scattered signal from an object consists of a summation of damped sinusoidals. Each damped sinusoidal represents a pair of complex conjugate natural frequencies (poles) which are tied to the scatterer's structure. The classical Matrix Pencil method has been used extensively to extract poles and residues from the late time scattered signal. Multiple objects break the matrix pencil method due to existence of different groups of poles and residues with different time windows in the same received signal. The technique presented in this paper attempts to separate poles based on their times and directions of arrival. This helps to analyze the scattered signal in presence of multiple objects.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"77 1","pages":"3350-3351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85323888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5996719
P. Nayeri, Fan Yang, A. Elsherbeni
This paper investigates the feasibility of designing conformal reflectarrays on cylindrical surfaces, which provides insight into many radiation characteristics of conformal reflectarrays. A general array theory formulation is described that can be applied to any conformal reflectarray geometry. Convex and concave surfaces are studied and the radiation patterns, directivity, and bandwidth of these conformal reflectarrays are compared with planar designs. It is shown that for applications where a curved platform is available, sector reflectarrays can be a suitable design that achieves a similar performance to planar arrays.
{"title":"Radiation characteristics of conformal reflectarray antennas","authors":"P. Nayeri, Fan Yang, A. Elsherbeni","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5996719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5996719","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the feasibility of designing conformal reflectarrays on cylindrical surfaces, which provides insight into many radiation characteristics of conformal reflectarrays. A general array theory formulation is described that can be applied to any conformal reflectarray geometry. Convex and concave surfaces are studied and the radiation patterns, directivity, and bandwidth of these conformal reflectarrays are compared with planar designs. It is shown that for applications where a curved platform is available, sector reflectarrays can be a suitable design that achieves a similar performance to planar arrays.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"365-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90681367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5996385
Ya Jing, Zhu Wen, H. Kong, S. Duffy, M. Rumney
Conformance tests for SISO OTA were introduced in recent years but so far nothing exists for the newly introduced MIMO devices. Unlike SISO systems where multipath fading is something to be overcome, MIMO takes advantage of fading to identify and use orthogonal communication channels to enable simultaneous transmission of multiple streams of data. A consequence of this is that the fading channel characteristics are an integral part of the test conditions and directly influence the measured MIMO OTA performance. The major test challenge for MIMO OTA is how to create a repeatable scenario which accurately reflects the MIMO antenna radiation performance in a realistic wireless propagation environment. This paper describes a novel cost-effective test method based on antenna pattern measurement.
{"title":"Two-stage over the air (OTA) test method for MIMO device performance evaluation","authors":"Ya Jing, Zhu Wen, H. Kong, S. Duffy, M. Rumney","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5996385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5996385","url":null,"abstract":"Conformance tests for SISO OTA were introduced in recent years but so far nothing exists for the newly introduced MIMO devices. Unlike SISO systems where multipath fading is something to be overcome, MIMO takes advantage of fading to identify and use orthogonal communication channels to enable simultaneous transmission of multiple streams of data. A consequence of this is that the fading channel characteristics are an integral part of the test conditions and directly influence the measured MIMO OTA performance. The major test challenge for MIMO OTA is how to create a repeatable scenario which accurately reflects the MIMO antenna radiation performance in a realistic wireless propagation environment. This paper describes a novel cost-effective test method based on antenna pattern measurement.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"36 1","pages":"71-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90784786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5996759
A. Trippe, S. Bhattacharya, J. Papapolymerou
A high relative dielectric constant substrate has been combined with a slot-loading technique to reduce antenna size. Further, the slot-loading technique has been used in an array configuration to increase the bandwidth by exciting each element at a different resonant frequency. This method results in almost a 30% decrease in size and 1.5% increase in bandwidth. Two 2×1 antenna arrays are demonstrated with a total area less than 2.5mm2.
{"title":"Compact microstrip antennas on a high relative dielectric constant substrate at 60 GHz","authors":"A. Trippe, S. Bhattacharya, J. Papapolymerou","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5996759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5996759","url":null,"abstract":"A high relative dielectric constant substrate has been combined with a slot-loading technique to reduce antenna size. Further, the slot-loading technique has been used in an array configuration to increase the bandwidth by exciting each element at a different resonant frequency. This method results in almost a 30% decrease in size and 1.5% increase in bandwidth. Two 2×1 antenna arrays are demonstrated with a total area less than 2.5mm2.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"27 1","pages":"519-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91223876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5996942
Yuezhou Li, M. Bialkowski, Khalil H. Sayidmarie, N. Shuley
The paper presents the design of a linearly polarized single-layer reflectarray which employs a fixed-size circular ring with a variable-length open-circuited stub run around it as a phasing element. To achieve a slow phase slope, a thick foam material is used to support this element developed on a thin substrate. Investigations are performed to achieve a linear reflection phase as function of the stub's length. This goal is achieved by a suitable choice of the ring's radius and width and the stub's width. The phasing element offering best linear phase characteristics is used to design an X-band 13×13 element reflectarray. The full-wave simulation performed using CST Microwave Studio shows an increased 1dB gain drop bandwidth of the designed array antenna.
{"title":"Single layer reflectarray employing circular ring with open-circuited stub as phasing element","authors":"Yuezhou Li, M. Bialkowski, Khalil H. Sayidmarie, N. Shuley","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5996942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5996942","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the design of a linearly polarized single-layer reflectarray which employs a fixed-size circular ring with a variable-length open-circuited stub run around it as a phasing element. To achieve a slow phase slope, a thick foam material is used to support this element developed on a thin substrate. Investigations are performed to achieve a linear reflection phase as function of the stub's length. This goal is achieved by a suitable choice of the ring's radius and width and the stub's width. The phasing element offering best linear phase characteristics is used to design an X-band 13×13 element reflectarray. The full-wave simulation performed using CST Microwave Studio shows an increased 1dB gain drop bandwidth of the designed array antenna.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"14 1","pages":"2168-2171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91307777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5996612
H. Iwamatsu, Tsukasa Kato, S. Ohnuki, Y. Ashizawa, K. Nakagawa
All optical magnetic recording with circularly polarized light has been studied for developing ultra-high speed recording. An asymmetric cross antenna, constituted by two perpendicular dipole antennas of different length, is investigated to generate localized circularly polarization in recording medium from linearly polarized incident light.
{"title":"Nano-sized circularly polarized light in medium generated by an asymmetric cross antenna","authors":"H. Iwamatsu, Tsukasa Kato, S. Ohnuki, Y. Ashizawa, K. Nakagawa","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5996612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5996612","url":null,"abstract":"All optical magnetic recording with circularly polarized light has been studied for developing ultra-high speed recording. An asymmetric cross antenna, constituted by two perpendicular dipole antennas of different length, is investigated to generate localized circularly polarization in recording medium from linearly polarized incident light.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"279 1","pages":"1621-1623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90937926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5997159
A. Neto, G. Gerini, N. Llombart, M. Ettorre, P. D. de Maagt
This paper discusses the use of dielectric superlayers to shape the radiation pattern of focal plane feeds of a multi-beam reflector system. The shaping of the pattern is obtained by exciting a pair (TE/TM) of leaky waves that radiate incrementally as they propagate between the ground plane and the super-layer. Using the super-layers, it is possible to reduce the spillover from the reflectors without increasing the dimension of each aperture. This effect is achieved with an inter-element distance between the feeds of 2.4 wavelengths, which can be considered typical for satellite based multi beam telecommunication links. Thanks to the adoption of a x4 reuse scheme, based on frequency and polarization orthogonal channels, the measured edge of coverage gain has improved, with respect to a standard technology case, by 2 dB over an operational bandwidth of 2%.
{"title":"Leaky wave enhanced feeds for multi-beam reflector systems","authors":"A. Neto, G. Gerini, N. Llombart, M. Ettorre, P. D. de Maagt","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5997159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5997159","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the use of dielectric superlayers to shape the radiation pattern of focal plane feeds of a multi-beam reflector system. The shaping of the pattern is obtained by exciting a pair (TE/TM) of leaky waves that radiate incrementally as they propagate between the ground plane and the super-layer. Using the super-layers, it is possible to reduce the spillover from the reflectors without increasing the dimension of each aperture. This effect is achieved with an inter-element distance between the feeds of 2.4 wavelengths, which can be considered typical for satellite based multi beam telecommunication links. Thanks to the adoption of a x4 reuse scheme, based on frequency and polarization orthogonal channels, the measured edge of coverage gain has improved, with respect to a standard technology case, by 2 dB over an operational bandwidth of 2%.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"17 1","pages":"2995-2998"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89532027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-03DOI: 10.1109/APS.2011.5996539
Z. Jiang, D. Werner
In this paper, we present both the theory and design of an anisotropic metamaterial lens for antenna applications. This type of lens requires simple effective medium tensor parameters to achieve highly-directive radiated beams, which differs from more conventional isotropic zero-index metamaterial lenses. Making use of the less dispersive low permittivity and/or permeability band, the lens is promising for wideband applications. A specific metamaterial lens with permeability tensor parameter values that are less than unity was designed to tailor the radiation pattern of a monopole antenna. Full-wave simulations show that the lens achieves a high-gain quad-beam radiation pattern over a 20% bandwidth and also improves the return loss with a 50% −10dB bandwidth broadening. This device enables highly-directive emission and beam shaping with potential application in wireless communication systems.
{"title":"Anisotropic metamaterial lens with a monopole feed for high-gain multi-beam radiation","authors":"Z. Jiang, D. Werner","doi":"10.1109/APS.2011.5996539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5996539","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present both the theory and design of an anisotropic metamaterial lens for antenna applications. This type of lens requires simple effective medium tensor parameters to achieve highly-directive radiated beams, which differs from more conventional isotropic zero-index metamaterial lenses. Making use of the less dispersive low permittivity and/or permeability band, the lens is promising for wideband applications. A specific metamaterial lens with permeability tensor parameter values that are less than unity was designed to tailor the radiation pattern of a monopole antenna. Full-wave simulations show that the lens achieves a high-gain quad-beam radiation pattern over a 20% bandwidth and also improves the return loss with a 50% −10dB bandwidth broadening. This device enables highly-directive emission and beam shaping with potential application in wireless communication systems.","PeriodicalId":6449,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI)","volume":"11 1","pages":"1346-1349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76899869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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