M. Idris, S. A. Bakar, E. M. Tamil, Z. Razak, N. M. Noor
Shortest path algorithms are significant in graph theory and have been applied in many applications such as transportation and networking. Most of the shortest path calculation is performed on general purpose processor where instructions must be run to read the input, compute the result, and set the output which later on will slow down the overall performance. Therefore, the authors proposed a hardware approach which implements FPGA technology to find the shortest path between two nodes. The FPGA approach will demonstrate how parallelism can be used to significantly reduce calculation steps compared to sequential effort. In this paper, A-Star algorithm has been chosen for the shortest path calculation since it can achieve superior time running based on its heuristic behavior.
{"title":"High-Speed Shortest Path Co-processor Design","authors":"M. Idris, S. A. Bakar, E. M. Tamil, Z. Razak, N. M. Noor","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.91","url":null,"abstract":"Shortest path algorithms are significant in graph theory and have been applied in many applications such as transportation and networking. Most of the shortest path calculation is performed on general purpose processor where instructions must be run to read the input, compute the result, and set the output which later on will slow down the overall performance. Therefore, the authors proposed a hardware approach which implements FPGA technology to find the shortest path between two nodes. The FPGA approach will demonstrate how parallelism can be used to significantly reduce calculation steps compared to sequential effort. In this paper, A-Star algorithm has been chosen for the shortest path calculation since it can achieve superior time running based on its heuristic behavior.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"626-631"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81186475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tampering of documents is monotonically growing by posing challenges to forensic scientists. There is a great need to develop alternative solutions for forensic characterization of printers. This paper analyzes documents printed by various printers and characterizes them for identification purposes. Present study focuses on developing a model Gaussian Variogram Model (GVM) for identifying the print technology which produced the given document. This method characterizes print technology based on spatial variability. Homogeneous color region of images are taken as samples for the GVM data generation. The generated GVM data is taken as input to generate Reduct based Decision Tree (RDT), which gives rules to identify the source printer for the given test data. Performance analysis of the model is also presented. Developed method assists the document examiner in finding basic print pattern of printers and it is also helpful in classifying different print technology.
{"title":"Gaussian Variogram Model for Printing Technology Identification","authors":"M. U. Devi, A. Agarwal, C. R. Rao","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.20","url":null,"abstract":"Tampering of documents is monotonically growing by posing challenges to forensic scientists. There is a great need to develop alternative solutions for forensic characterization of printers. This paper analyzes documents printed by various printers and characterizes them for identification purposes. Present study focuses on developing a model Gaussian Variogram Model (GVM) for identifying the print technology which produced the given document. This method characterizes print technology based on spatial variability. Homogeneous color region of images are taken as samples for the GVM data generation. The generated GVM data is taken as input to generate Reduct based Decision Tree (RDT), which gives rules to identify the source printer for the given test data. Performance analysis of the model is also presented. Developed method assists the document examiner in finding basic print pattern of printers and it is also helpful in classifying different print technology.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"20 1","pages":"320-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82901165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper propose an innovative simulation model based on web technologies devoted to analyze environmental impact of the whole supply chain. The authors developed a whole framework for collecting data from different users including good producers, logistics operators and retailers by a web questionnaire; this service is automatically integrated with a simulator that evaluate the green aspects of each case by self generating a model for this specific case and providing synthetic results; in addition the green log model developed allows to create interactively very complex supply chain. The paper propose the general architecture of the green log model and an example for supporting its validation and verification.
{"title":"Modeling Green Logistics","authors":"A. Bruzzone, A. Tremori, M. Massei, F. Tarone","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.97","url":null,"abstract":"This paper propose an innovative simulation model based on web technologies devoted to analyze environmental impact of the whole supply chain. The authors developed a whole framework for collecting data from different users including good producers, logistics operators and retailers by a web questionnaire; this service is automatically integrated with a simulator that evaluate the green aspects of each case by self generating a model for this specific case and providing synthetic results; in addition the green log model developed allows to create interactively very complex supply chain. The paper propose the general architecture of the green log model and an example for supporting its validation and verification.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"13 1","pages":"543-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86789655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research attempts to generate an automatic prediction model in a hard disk media manufacturing process. This is to be done without human visual interpretation. Our research demonstrates that it can be achieved by visualizing the historical temporal data pattern generated from the inspection machine. From there, the data pattern is transformed and mapped into machine learning algorithm for training. In this paper, we have introduced the pattern visualization technique with trinary and quinary number and compared them with our previous binary pattern visualization technique. This is to deal with multi class classification. The result implied that, the performance of the multi class classification can be improved when all class instances were made higher in quantity and balance. Quinary pattern visualization techniques performed better compared with binary and trinary patterns when the multi class instances were made balanced and were significantly at higher quantity.
{"title":"Visualizing the Yield Pattern for Multi Class Classification","authors":"M. M. Noor, S. Jusoh","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.52","url":null,"abstract":"This research attempts to generate an automatic prediction model in a hard disk media manufacturing process. This is to be done without human visual interpretation. Our research demonstrates that it can be achieved by visualizing the historical temporal data pattern generated from the inspection machine. From there, the data pattern is transformed and mapped into machine learning algorithm for training. In this paper, we have introduced the pattern visualization technique with trinary and quinary number and compared them with our previous binary pattern visualization technique. This is to deal with multi class classification. The result implied that, the performance of the multi class classification can be improved when all class instances were made higher in quantity and balance. Quinary pattern visualization techniques performed better compared with binary and trinary patterns when the multi class instances were made balanced and were significantly at higher quantity.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"17 1","pages":"560-565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91186943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Merkuryev, Galina Merkuryeva, R. D. Haes, B. Desmet, A. Wispelaere, J. Hatem
ECLIPS is a European research project extending the state-of-the-art in supply chain management. The goal of the ECLIPS project is to establish a global cost reduction in the entire supply chain in an ingenious manner, while addressing the ongoing challenges within the industry. Nowadays companies are facing ever more complex supply chains, increased portfolio diversification and shortening product life-cycles. ECLIPS is exploring custom-made solutions to these issues, in terms of concept and software. During this three-year project concepts and tooling have been developed in the first two years, while during the last project year these concepts and tools will be validated through real-life application. In order to achieve this goal ECLIPS uses simulation intensively to back up the decision making and optimization on the one hand, and as a validation for the developed tools and algorithms on the other hand. In this paper the authors focus on the real-life simulation benefits, i.e. the added value of the simulation techniques on the executive business level, the educational purpose for future end users and the surplus in what-if scenarios, as well as on a very important step in simulation before real-life implementation, i.e. the investigation of the gap between the real-life situation and the As-Is simulation results.
{"title":"Supply Chain Simulation in the ECLIPS Project: Real-life Benefit","authors":"Y. Merkuryev, Galina Merkuryeva, R. D. Haes, B. Desmet, A. Wispelaere, J. Hatem","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.33","url":null,"abstract":"ECLIPS is a European research project extending the state-of-the-art in supply chain management. The goal of the ECLIPS project is to establish a global cost reduction in the entire supply chain in an ingenious manner, while addressing the ongoing challenges within the industry. Nowadays companies are facing ever more complex supply chains, increased portfolio diversification and shortening product life-cycles. ECLIPS is exploring custom-made solutions to these issues, in terms of concept and software. During this three-year project concepts and tooling have been developed in the first two years, while during the last project year these concepts and tools will be validated through real-life application. In order to achieve this goal ECLIPS uses simulation intensively to back up the decision making and optimization on the one hand, and as a validation for the developed tools and algorithms on the other hand. In this paper the authors focus on the real-life simulation benefits, i.e. the added value of the simulation techniques on the executive business level, the educational purpose for future end users and the surplus in what-if scenarios, as well as on a very important step in simulation before real-life implementation, i.e. the investigation of the gap between the real-life situation and the As-Is simulation results.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"66 1","pages":"526-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86524570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Boundary Element Method coupled with the Finite Element Method is used to model the dynamic interaction of soil – pile. The system considered is a single pile embedded in a viscoelastic half space. The system is subjected to upward propagating harmonic shear wave. The displacement of the pile has to be found. The pile is modelled using the finite elements and the soil is modelled with boundary element. A computer program using FORTRAN is developed for the purpose of this study. A parametric study is made in this study . The parameters are the ratio of modulus of elasticity of the pile to the modulus of elasticity of the soil, length of pile, diameter of pile and frequency of the shear waves. The result of the analysis yields conclusions that give an insight into the dynamic interaction behavior of the soil-pile-structure system.
{"title":"Boundary Element Model Coupled with Finite Element Model for Dynamic Soil-Pile Interaction","authors":"Paulus Karta Wijaya","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.126","url":null,"abstract":"The Boundary Element Method coupled with the Finite Element Method is used to model the dynamic interaction of soil – pile. The system considered is a single pile embedded in a viscoelastic half space. The system is subjected to upward propagating harmonic shear wave. The displacement of the pile has to be found. The pile is modelled using the finite elements and the soil is modelled with boundary element. A computer program using FORTRAN is developed for the purpose of this study. A parametric study is made in this study . The parameters are the ratio of modulus of elasticity of the pile to the modulus of elasticity of the soil, length of pile, diameter of pile and frequency of the shear waves. The result of the analysis yields conclusions that give an insight into the dynamic interaction behavior of the soil-pile-structure system.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"18 1","pages":"491-496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81805420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
New routing algorithms are being developed to reduce power consumption, effective utilization of resources and best route to a specific destination, to name a few, in wireless mobile ad hoc network. To simulate the algorithm, interaction between the different layers of the OSI, the link available and furthermore, employing a suitable propagation model in a wireless environment, the use of network simulators do eliminate irrelevant issues pertaining to the actual work which is testing the algorithm. This paper presents the development of the simulation program to test a new routing protocol called quadrant-based directional routing protocol (Q-DIR). Q-DIR uses exact location of nodes based on Cartesian-coordinate system to restrict the broadcast region to only a quadrant where the destination node and source node are located.
{"title":"Simulation of Position-Based Routing Protocol in Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network","authors":"L. Latiff, N. Fisal, S. Ariffin","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.10","url":null,"abstract":"New routing algorithms are being developed to reduce power consumption, effective utilization of resources and best route to a specific destination, to name a few, in wireless mobile ad hoc network. To simulate the algorithm, interaction between the different layers of the OSI, the link available and furthermore, employing a suitable propagation model in a wireless environment, the use of network simulators do eliminate irrelevant issues pertaining to the actual work which is testing the algorithm. This paper presents the development of the simulation program to test a new routing protocol called quadrant-based directional routing protocol (Q-DIR). Q-DIR uses exact location of nodes based on Cartesian-coordinate system to restrict the broadcast region to only a quadrant where the destination node and source node are located.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"3 1","pages":"292-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89396569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, an automation of DNA computing readout method based on real-time Polymerase Chan Reaction (PCR) is developed, which employs a hybrid in vitro-in silico approach. In the in vitro phase, TaqMan-based real-time PCR reactions are performed in parallel, to investigate the ordering of pairs of nodes in the Hamiltonian Path Problem (HPP), in terms of relative distance from the DNA sequence encoding the known start node. The real-time PCR experiment is implemented on LightCycler system. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering algorithm is used to identify automatically two different reactions in real-time PCR, followed by in silico algorithm, which in turn, enables extraction of the Hamiltonian path. A software called SILICOLIGHT is built to implement the FCM clustering and the in silico algorithm, which return the desired Hamiltonian path.
{"title":"Automation of DNA Computing Readout Method Implemented on LightCycler System","authors":"M. F. Saaid, Z. Ibrahim, M. Khalid, N. Sarmin","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.80","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an automation of DNA computing readout method based on real-time Polymerase Chan Reaction (PCR) is developed, which employs a hybrid in vitro-in silico approach. In the in vitro phase, TaqMan-based real-time PCR reactions are performed in parallel, to investigate the ordering of pairs of nodes in the Hamiltonian Path Problem (HPP), in terms of relative distance from the DNA sequence encoding the known start node. The real-time PCR experiment is implemented on LightCycler system. Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering algorithm is used to identify automatically two different reactions in real-time PCR, followed by in silico algorithm, which in turn, enables extraction of the Hamiltonian path. A software called SILICOLIGHT is built to implement the FCM clustering and the in silico algorithm, which return the desired Hamiltonian path.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"19 1","pages":"252-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79982646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ballistic transport of the carriers is predicted when the channel length of the transistor is less than the scattering-limited mean-free path. In this paper, the saturation velocity is found to be ballistic regardless of the device dimensions. This saturation velocity is limited by the intrinsic velocity. Its does not sensitively depend on the ballistic or scattering-limited nature of the mobility. In the degenerate realm, the saturation velocity is shown to be the Fermi velocity that is independent of temperature but strongly dependent on carrier concentration. In the non-degenerate realm, the intrinsic velocity is the thermal velocity that depends only on the ambient temperature. The drain carrier velocity is revealed to be smaller than the saturation velocity due to the presence of a finite electric field. An excellent agreement of the models developed and applied to 80-nm-channel-length MOSFET validates the physics behind ballistic transport.
{"title":"Physics-Based Modelling of Ballistic Transport in Nanoscale Transistor","authors":"I. Saad, R. A. Lee, R. Ismail, V. Arora","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.46","url":null,"abstract":"The ballistic transport of the carriers is predicted when the channel length of the transistor is less than the scattering-limited mean-free path. In this paper, the saturation velocity is found to be ballistic regardless of the device dimensions. This saturation velocity is limited by the intrinsic velocity. Its does not sensitively depend on the ballistic or scattering-limited nature of the mobility. In the degenerate realm, the saturation velocity is shown to be the Fermi velocity that is independent of temperature but strongly dependent on carrier concentration. In the non-degenerate realm, the intrinsic velocity is the thermal velocity that depends only on the ambient temperature. The drain carrier velocity is revealed to be smaller than the saturation velocity due to the presence of a finite electric field. An excellent agreement of the models developed and applied to 80-nm-channel-length MOSFET validates the physics behind ballistic transport.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"50 1","pages":"729-734"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90268309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geometric Moment Invariant (GMI) is well known approach in pattern recognition. One of the weaknesses of GMI is in its invarianceness, where data or points concentrated near to the center-of-mass are neglected because of the existence of data or points that are far away from the center-of-mass. To solve this problem, Balslev et.al has modified GMI method by adding a weighting function into GMI’s formula; thus we called it as Weighted Central Moment (WCM). WCM can increase noise tolerance for rotation/translation independent pattern recognition. In this paper, we present simulation results for characters with adjustable parameter α equal to 2/Rg. The experiments reveal that WCM yields intra-class results for identifying picture with different orientations. It also illustrates better inter-class distances in recognizing letter “g” and “q” compared to GMI method.
{"title":"Weighted Central Moment for Pattern Recognition: Derivation, Analysis of Invarianceness, and Simulation Using Letter Characters","authors":"R. P. Pamungkas, S. Shamsuddin","doi":"10.1109/AMS.2009.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/AMS.2009.124","url":null,"abstract":"Geometric Moment Invariant (GMI) is well known approach in pattern recognition. One of the weaknesses of GMI is in its invarianceness, where data or points concentrated near to the center-of-mass are neglected because of the existence of data or points that are far away from the center-of-mass. To solve this problem, Balslev et.al has modified GMI method by adding a weighting function into GMI’s formula; thus we called it as Weighted Central Moment (WCM). WCM can increase noise tolerance for rotation/translation independent pattern recognition. In this paper, we present simulation results for characters with adjustable parameter α equal to 2/Rg. The experiments reveal that WCM yields intra-class results for identifying picture with different orientations. It also illustrates better inter-class distances in recognizing letter “g” and “q” compared to GMI method.","PeriodicalId":6461,"journal":{"name":"2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation","volume":"58 1","pages":"102-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91269519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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