Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442822
D. Hoe
A cellular array architecture suitable for implementing fault-tolerant logic on nanoscale fabrics is described in this paper. A simple logic cell that is optimized for arithmetic logic functions allows efficient implementation of signal processing functions. Compared to the typical Look-up Table (LUT) approach used in FPGAs, the proposed logic block has decreased flexibility in terms of reconfigurability. However, the simpler structure and reduced number of configuration bits results in improved fault tolerant capability. Such a design tradeoff is suitable for nanotechnology implementations where there are a massive number of devices but also increased susceptibility to transient and permanent faults. A hierarchical approach to clustering the cells provides for an optimum number of spare cells to be distributed throughout the array, allowing for efficient self-healing capability.
{"title":"Fault tolerant cellular array design for nanoscale technologies","authors":"D. Hoe","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442822","url":null,"abstract":"A cellular array architecture suitable for implementing fault-tolerant logic on nanoscale fabrics is described in this paper. A simple logic cell that is optimized for arithmetic logic functions allows efficient implementation of signal processing functions. Compared to the typical Look-up Table (LUT) approach used in FPGAs, the proposed logic block has decreased flexibility in terms of reconfigurability. However, the simpler structure and reduced number of configuration bits results in improved fault tolerant capability. Such a design tradeoff is suitable for nanotechnology implementations where there are a massive number of devices but also increased susceptibility to transient and permanent faults. A hierarchical approach to clustering the cells provides for an optimum number of spare cells to be distributed throughout the array, allowing for efficient self-healing capability.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88680872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442828
D. R. Isenberg, Y. Kakad
This paper presents both a quaternion based computed-torque trajectory tracking controller and a feed-forward trajectory tracking controller for a two-link space robot. First, the general form of the dynamical equations for a space robot modeled with quaternions is presented. The computed-torque controller is then presented and the stability of the resulting closed-loop system is analyzed via the second method of Lyapunov. This is followed by a discussion of the feed-forward controller. Tracking simulations are then presented and analyzed.
{"title":"Quaternion based computed-torque and feed-forward tracking controllers for a space robot","authors":"D. R. Isenberg, Y. Kakad","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442828","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents both a quaternion based computed-torque trajectory tracking controller and a feed-forward trajectory tracking controller for a two-link space robot. First, the general form of the dynamical equations for a space robot modeled with quaternions is presented. The computed-torque controller is then presented and the stability of the resulting closed-loop system is analyzed via the second method of Lyapunov. This is followed by a discussion of the feed-forward controller. Tracking simulations are then presented and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89031608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442844
Gopalakrishnan Iyer, P. Agrawal
This paper aims at reviewing existing communication structure for the power grids, discusses the emerging smart grid initiatives and analyzes the cyber security threats to such smart grid systems. The 21st century world is more dependent on electrical power than ever. This dependency will increase manifold in the near future with more systems being computerized and a plethora of new electronic devices emerging for household, commercial and industrial applications. In such a scenario, the availability of secure, reliable and efficient power is crucial to sustaining current development and economic growth trends. With existing systems, power grids are not stable enough and can result in cascading failures.
{"title":"Smart power grids","authors":"Gopalakrishnan Iyer, P. Agrawal","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442844","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims at reviewing existing communication structure for the power grids, discusses the emerging smart grid initiatives and analyzes the cyber security threats to such smart grid systems. The 21st century world is more dependent on electrical power than ever. This dependency will increase manifold in the near future with more systems being computerized and a plethora of new electronic devices emerging for household, commercial and industrial applications. In such a scenario, the availability of secure, reliable and efficient power is crucial to sustaining current development and economic growth trends. With existing systems, power grids are not stable enough and can result in cascading failures.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84108527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442834
Jaipal R. Katkuri, V. Jilkov, X. Li
The measurement model nonlinearity is a major challenge in target tracking. This paper presents a comparative performance study of seven nonlinear filters in handling the measurement model nonlinearity. They are: the extended Kalman filter, the unscented filter, the second order divided-differences filter, the Gauss-Hermite quadrature filter, the two-step Kalman filter, the Gaussian particle filter, and the linear minimum mean-square error tracking filter with polar measurements. Comprehensive performance evaluation and comparison of all of the above mainstream nonlinear filters over the same tracking scenarios are conducted via Monte Carlo simulation. The results can facilitate the choice and design of nonlinear tracking filters in mixed coordinates.
{"title":"A comparative study of nonlinear filters for target tracking in mixed coordinates","authors":"Jaipal R. Katkuri, V. Jilkov, X. Li","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442834","url":null,"abstract":"The measurement model nonlinearity is a major challenge in target tracking. This paper presents a comparative performance study of seven nonlinear filters in handling the measurement model nonlinearity. They are: the extended Kalman filter, the unscented filter, the second order divided-differences filter, the Gauss-Hermite quadrature filter, the two-step Kalman filter, the Gaussian particle filter, and the linear minimum mean-square error tracking filter with polar measurements. Comprehensive performance evaluation and comparison of all of the above mainstream nonlinear filters over the same tracking scenarios are conducted via Monte Carlo simulation. The results can facilitate the choice and design of nonlinear tracking filters in mixed coordinates.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83639684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442814
Shiyoung Lee, B. Song, Tae-Hyun Won
This paper presents a software-defined digital controller for the permanent magnet brushless dc motor using field-oriented control (FOC). The proposed controller that improves the system performance in low torque ripple, and high efficiency is introduced and discussed in detail. The proposed FOC controller is implemented with a MC73110 motor control chip for experimental verification under 400W and 9,160rpm. The experimental motor waveforms and torque ripples with different commutation methods are investigated.
{"title":"Evaluation of a software configurable digital controller for the permanent magnet synchronous motor using field-oriented control","authors":"Shiyoung Lee, B. Song, Tae-Hyun Won","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442814","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a software-defined digital controller for the permanent magnet brushless dc motor using field-oriented control (FOC). The proposed controller that improves the system performance in low torque ripple, and high efficiency is introduced and discussed in detail. The proposed FOC controller is implemented with a MC73110 motor control chip for experimental verification under 400W and 9,160rpm. The experimental motor waveforms and torque ripples with different commutation methods are investigated.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79834039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442847
H. Chin, A. A. Jafari
In this paper a new solution for the design of a control system of a hybrid vehicle is presented using game model approaches. Hybrid vehicles combined the benefits of a gasoline engine and an electric motor, which can be utilized in parallel through a mechanical transmission. Players are considered to be the electric motor and the gasoline engine. Payoff matrices of the bimatrix game are calculated by a power controller of the hybrid vehicle. The Lemke-Howson algorithm used to compute a Nash equilibrium point which is a pair of strategies for both players. The solution concept is to integrate torque for satisfying the driver pedal motion. The ratio of the power contribution between the gasoline engine and electric motor is the key point for efficient driving, whilst satisfying power demands. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a power controller which improves fuel economy and reduces charging cycles thus minimizing emissions.
{"title":"Design of power controller for hybrid vehicle","authors":"H. Chin, A. A. Jafari","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442847","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new solution for the design of a control system of a hybrid vehicle is presented using game model approaches. Hybrid vehicles combined the benefits of a gasoline engine and an electric motor, which can be utilized in parallel through a mechanical transmission. Players are considered to be the electric motor and the gasoline engine. Payoff matrices of the bimatrix game are calculated by a power controller of the hybrid vehicle. The Lemke-Howson algorithm used to compute a Nash equilibrium point which is a pair of strategies for both players. The solution concept is to integrate torque for satisfying the driver pedal motion. The ratio of the power contribution between the gasoline engine and electric motor is the key point for efficient driving, whilst satisfying power demands. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a power controller which improves fuel economy and reduces charging cycles thus minimizing emissions.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84553759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442854
Mahikshit Polas, A. Fekih
A multi-gain sliding mode based controller for the pitch angle control of a civil aircraft is presented in this paper. The proposed controller is based on a novel concept of the sliding mode controllers in which multiple gains are being used to control the pitch angle of an aircraft and make it insensitive to parameter variations while reducing the chattering and guaranteeing the stability of the closed loop system. The proposed approach was implemented on a Delilah aircraft model to control the pitch angle under faulty conditions. Performance comparison between the traditional one gain SMC and the proposed multi-gains SMC are discussed.
{"title":"A multi-gain sliding mode based controller for the pitch angle control of a civil aircraft","authors":"Mahikshit Polas, A. Fekih","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442854","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-gain sliding mode based controller for the pitch angle control of a civil aircraft is presented in this paper. The proposed controller is based on a novel concept of the sliding mode controllers in which multiple gains are being used to control the pitch angle of an aircraft and make it insensitive to parameter variations while reducing the chattering and guaranteeing the stability of the closed loop system. The proposed approach was implemented on a Delilah aircraft model to control the pitch angle under faulty conditions. Performance comparison between the traditional one gain SMC and the proposed multi-gains SMC are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89848514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442842
Jaianand Jayaraman, A. Sekar
The strong coupling between bus voltages and reactive power injections has been widely used in steady state power flow algorithms. In the Newton-Raphson formulation the Jacobian matrix represents small-signal sensitivities relating real and reactive power injections to bus phase angles and voltage magnitudes respectively [1]. Decoupled approaches neglect real power-voltage and reactive power-phase angle relationships. While running the power flow analysis, the generator busses, where the real power injection and voltage magnitude are specified a priori, are changed to load busses with the voltage specification dropped if reactive power limits are violated. The papers describing optimal reactive power scheduling methods follow a similar procedure for evaluating appropriate generator reactive power levels [2]. Direct relationships between bus voltage and reactive power injection limits leading to useful sensitivities are derived in this paper using a line-voltage-drop model. Additional relationships between bus injection and line reactive flows become available in this approach. The paper presents detailed derivation of the new relationships, and applies the procedure to a typical power system network. The results illustrate the practical usefulness of the new approach in determining the limits on reactive power injection for a given bus voltage in generator busses. The conclusions outline future application of the approach for developing new reactive power optimization algorithms.
{"title":"Study of reactive power/voltage sensitivities in interconnected power system networks","authors":"Jaianand Jayaraman, A. Sekar","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442842","url":null,"abstract":"The strong coupling between bus voltages and reactive power injections has been widely used in steady state power flow algorithms. In the Newton-Raphson formulation the Jacobian matrix represents small-signal sensitivities relating real and reactive power injections to bus phase angles and voltage magnitudes respectively [1]. Decoupled approaches neglect real power-voltage and reactive power-phase angle relationships. While running the power flow analysis, the generator busses, where the real power injection and voltage magnitude are specified a priori, are changed to load busses with the voltage specification dropped if reactive power limits are violated. The papers describing optimal reactive power scheduling methods follow a similar procedure for evaluating appropriate generator reactive power levels [2]. Direct relationships between bus voltage and reactive power injection limits leading to useful sensitivities are derived in this paper using a line-voltage-drop model. Additional relationships between bus injection and line reactive flows become available in this approach. The paper presents detailed derivation of the new relationships, and applies the procedure to a typical power system network. The results illustrate the practical usefulness of the new approach in determining the limits on reactive power injection for a given bus voltage in generator busses. The conclusions outline future application of the approach for developing new reactive power optimization algorithms.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73806571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442806
Haranath Yakkali, N. Subramanian
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are being increasingly used to monitor and control critical infrastructures ranging from computer networks to manufacturing, and proper design of SCADA systems is an important issue for developers of SCADA systems and their users. Current practice seems to center around purchasing a best-of-breed solution and configuring it to meet the expected system goals. In this paper we propose an efficient design approach based on minimum spanning trees and the NFR Framework(NFR standing for Non-Functional Requirements) wherein SCADA designs are captured in spanning trees and minimum spanning trees indicate the optimally weighted designs, and the most suitable among these weighted designs is chosen by employing the NFR Framework, which is a goal-oriented framework for analyzing competing alternatives and choosing the best one based on the goals for the SCADA system. The design algorithm is verified by applying it to a case study.
{"title":"Efficient design of SCADA systems using minimum spanning trees and the NFR Framework","authors":"Haranath Yakkali, N. Subramanian","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442806","url":null,"abstract":"Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are being increasingly used to monitor and control critical infrastructures ranging from computer networks to manufacturing, and proper design of SCADA systems is an important issue for developers of SCADA systems and their users. Current practice seems to center around purchasing a best-of-breed solution and configuring it to meet the expected system goals. In this paper we propose an efficient design approach based on minimum spanning trees and the NFR Framework(NFR standing for Non-Functional Requirements) wherein SCADA designs are captured in spanning trees and minimum spanning trees indicate the optimally weighted designs, and the most suitable among these weighted designs is chosen by employing the NFR Framework, which is a goal-oriented framework for analyzing competing alternatives and choosing the best one based on the goals for the SCADA system. The design algorithm is verified by applying it to a case study.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81426692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-07DOI: 10.1109/SSST.2010.5442849
S. Kulkarni, P. Agrawal
Cooperative communication is a novel, diversity-improving technique that holds great promise for the future of wireless networks. But in order to fully exploit this diversity realized at the physical layer, the idea of node cooperation needs to be extended to other layers of the protocol stack as well. Synergy MAC is one such extension to the MAC sublayer. As per this protocol, whenever a source intends to transmit some data to the destination, it solicits the support of its neighbors for the ensuing data transfer. When one a willing neighbor is identified as the relay, the source transmits its data to the destination by forwarding it via the enlisted relay. In doing this, not only does Synergy MAC realize spatial diversity but is also able to achieve faster transmission speeds. However, relay assisted two hop transmission in Synergy MAC gives rise to numerous concerns about its security. To address these concerns, appropriate security schemes need to be adapted to suit Synergy MAC. In this paper, we discuss various security issues introduced by cooperation in Synergy MAC and utilize two security schemes to address those problems. The techniques that are discussed here enable popular security schemes like WEP, WPA and WPA2 to successfully operate with Synergy MAC.
{"title":"Safeguarding cooperation in Synergy MAC","authors":"S. Kulkarni, P. Agrawal","doi":"10.1109/SSST.2010.5442849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SSST.2010.5442849","url":null,"abstract":"Cooperative communication is a novel, diversity-improving technique that holds great promise for the future of wireless networks. But in order to fully exploit this diversity realized at the physical layer, the idea of node cooperation needs to be extended to other layers of the protocol stack as well. Synergy MAC is one such extension to the MAC sublayer. As per this protocol, whenever a source intends to transmit some data to the destination, it solicits the support of its neighbors for the ensuing data transfer. When one a willing neighbor is identified as the relay, the source transmits its data to the destination by forwarding it via the enlisted relay. In doing this, not only does Synergy MAC realize spatial diversity but is also able to achieve faster transmission speeds. However, relay assisted two hop transmission in Synergy MAC gives rise to numerous concerns about its security. To address these concerns, appropriate security schemes need to be adapted to suit Synergy MAC. In this paper, we discuss various security issues introduced by cooperation in Synergy MAC and utilize two security schemes to address those problems. The techniques that are discussed here enable popular security schemes like WEP, WPA and WPA2 to successfully operate with Synergy MAC.","PeriodicalId":6463,"journal":{"name":"2010 42nd Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86736353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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