Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750872
M. Bravo, A. Bermeo, R. Contreras, M. Huerta, Á. Soto, J. Bermeo, G. Sagbay, C. Llumiguano
In this paper the analysis of the movement of the upper-limbs of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in four activities is presented. An accelerometer-based sensor was used to acquire and store the acceleration data of the upper-limbs of the patients while they were doing the activities. The data was processed in MatLab; specifically the data was filtered and an estimation of Power Spectral Density (PSD) was done with Burg's Periodogram. The PSD analysis of PD patients activities were performed on patients medicated (ON) and no medicated (OFF). Additionally, the PSD analysis of one healthy patient was useful to compare his signal with the PD patient's signal.
{"title":"An upper-limbs activities analysis of PD patients in OFF and ON state of medication","authors":"M. Bravo, A. Bermeo, R. Contreras, M. Huerta, Á. Soto, J. Bermeo, G. Sagbay, C. Llumiguano","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750872","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the analysis of the movement of the upper-limbs of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in four activities is presented. An accelerometer-based sensor was used to acquire and store the acceleration data of the upper-limbs of the patients while they were doing the activities. The data was processed in MatLab; specifically the data was filtered and an estimation of Power Spectral Density (PSD) was done with Burg's Periodogram. The PSD analysis of PD patients activities were performed on patients medicated (ON) and no medicated (OFF). Additionally, the PSD analysis of one healthy patient was useful to compare his signal with the PD patient's signal.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"116 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85492197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750846
E. Colina-Morles, Jose Medina, M. Falconi, Villie Morocho
This article uses a two-dimensional phenomenological model representing the dynamic behaviour of a clinker kiln, and includes another model to estimate the height of the solid material (crude) inside the kiln. These models are parameterized according to design specifications and operating conditions of a real industrial kiln, which belongs to a cement production plant. The whole model consists of 16 partial differential equations, one ordinary nonlinear differential equation and a set of algebraic equations, and is computationally simulated using the finite elements method. The model allows analyzing temperature profiles in the kiln, as well as qualitative characteristics associated with fractions of final components in the clinker production.
{"title":"Phenomenological modelling and computer simulation of a clinker kiln","authors":"E. Colina-Morles, Jose Medina, M. Falconi, Villie Morocho","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750846","url":null,"abstract":"This article uses a two-dimensional phenomenological model representing the dynamic behaviour of a clinker kiln, and includes another model to estimate the height of the solid material (crude) inside the kiln. These models are parameterized according to design specifications and operating conditions of a real industrial kiln, which belongs to a cement production plant. The whole model consists of 16 partial differential equations, one ordinary nonlinear differential equation and a set of algebraic equations, and is computationally simulated using the finite elements method. The model allows analyzing temperature profiles in the kiln, as well as qualitative characteristics associated with fractions of final components in the clinker production.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"36 6 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82807638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750857
R. Pérez, C. Vásquez
In this paper the fault location is presented in distribution systems with distributed generation using Support Vector Machines and information provided by smart meters located on the system. Different types of faults that can occur in a distribution system are simulated for fault resistances 5 to 30 Ohms in steps of 5 Ohms. Support Vector Machines were trained with effective voltage values measured at the substation in distributed generation and smart meters. The results show that the accuracy in locating all types of failure is higher than 87%, demonstrating a fortress in this tool.
{"title":"Fault Location in distribution systems with distributed generation using Support Vector Machines and smart meters","authors":"R. Pérez, C. Vásquez","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750857","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the fault location is presented in distribution systems with distributed generation using Support Vector Machines and information provided by smart meters located on the system. Different types of faults that can occur in a distribution system are simulated for fault resistances 5 to 30 Ohms in steps of 5 Ohms. Support Vector Machines were trained with effective voltage values measured at the substation in distributed generation and smart meters. The results show that the accuracy in locating all types of failure is higher than 87%, demonstrating a fortress in this tool.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76106251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750813
Játiva E. René, D. Ortiz, Pablo Venegas, J. Vidal
This article studies the positioning problem for wireless networks when TDOA measures are used and the reference anchor node is not previously known. We carried out various experiments to show the impact on accuracy when a poor selection of this reference is achieved. Furthermore, we study the use of SNR at receivers as a mean to proper select the closest node as the reference anchor, previously to perform mobile positioning. An appropriate mechanism to perform this selection is provided within a simulation platform built to study network-based positioning using space-time diversity in realistic conditions. This approach shows that the use of a signal that measures or estimates the received power is a viable mechanism for the proper selection of the anchor node even in a shadowed environment, avoiding the severe degradation that involves a poor selection.
{"title":"Selection of the reference anchor node by using SNR in TDOA-based positioning","authors":"Játiva E. René, D. Ortiz, Pablo Venegas, J. Vidal","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750813","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the positioning problem for wireless networks when TDOA measures are used and the reference anchor node is not previously known. We carried out various experiments to show the impact on accuracy when a poor selection of this reference is achieved. Furthermore, we study the use of SNR at receivers as a mean to proper select the closest node as the reference anchor, previously to perform mobile positioning. An appropriate mechanism to perform this selection is provided within a simulation platform built to study network-based positioning using space-time diversity in realistic conditions. This approach shows that the use of a signal that measures or estimates the received power is a viable mechanism for the proper selection of the anchor node even in a shadowed environment, avoiding the severe degradation that involves a poor selection.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76172751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750835
Xavier Domínguez, O. Camacho, P. Leica, A. Rosales
For the Half-bridge Bidirectional DC-DC power converter focused on electric traction applications, this paper develops a fixed-frequency Sliding-mode control (SMC) based on a cascade structure. First, the use of cascade control is justified by means of the state space small-signal averaged equations. Then, the design of the proposed cascade SMC scheme is detailed. Lastly, the simulation results showed that the developed control strategy outperforms the sole use of SMC for different comparison scenarios.
{"title":"A fixed-frequency Sliding-mode control in a cascade scheme for the Half-bridge Bidirectional DC-DC converter","authors":"Xavier Domínguez, O. Camacho, P. Leica, A. Rosales","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750835","url":null,"abstract":"For the Half-bridge Bidirectional DC-DC power converter focused on electric traction applications, this paper develops a fixed-frequency Sliding-mode control (SMC) based on a cascade structure. First, the use of cascade control is justified by means of the state space small-signal averaged equations. Then, the design of the proposed cascade SMC scheme is detailed. Lastly, the simulation results showed that the developed control strategy outperforms the sole use of SMC for different comparison scenarios.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"109 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86229970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750851
César A. Martín, D. Rivera, E. Hekler
This paper presents the use of control engineering principles to optimize mobile and wireless health (mHealth) adaptive behavioral interventions for physical activity based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). SCT is a conceptual framework that describes human behavior and has been used in many health behavior interventions. An intervention for physical activity is formulated as a control systems problem relying on a dynamical model of SCT that is developed utilizing fluid analogies. To obtain values for model parameters, system identification experiments are designed including two phases: an initial informative stage followed by an optimized stage that incorporates “patient-friendly” conditions. With the estimated model, a closed-loop intervention is formulated relying on Hybrid Model Predictive Control (HMPC). The HMPC algorithm includes a representation of categorical and discrete constraints that are inherent to behavioral interventions, and the recognition of behavioral initiation and maintenance phases. A simulation study is performed illustrating representative scenarios of the system (in both open and closed-loop).
{"title":"A control engineering approach for optimizing physical activity behavioral interventions","authors":"César A. Martín, D. Rivera, E. Hekler","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750851","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the use of control engineering principles to optimize mobile and wireless health (mHealth) adaptive behavioral interventions for physical activity based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). SCT is a conceptual framework that describes human behavior and has been used in many health behavior interventions. An intervention for physical activity is formulated as a control systems problem relying on a dynamical model of SCT that is developed utilizing fluid analogies. To obtain values for model parameters, system identification experiments are designed including two phases: an initial informative stage followed by an optimized stage that incorporates “patient-friendly” conditions. With the estimated model, a closed-loop intervention is formulated relying on Hybrid Model Predictive Control (HMPC). The HMPC algorithm includes a representation of categorical and discrete constraints that are inherent to behavioral interventions, and the recognition of behavioral initiation and maintenance phases. A simulation study is performed illustrating representative scenarios of the system (in both open and closed-loop).","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87508174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750840
J. Villacrés, M. Viscaino, M. Herrera, O. Camacho, D. Chávez
This paper presents experimental results of a two-wheeled inverted pendulum path planning. The model of the robot, which has six identified variables, is linearized by least squares estimation. A Linear-quadratic Regulator is designed to maintain the robot stabilized, while it moves over a path. Furthermore, an integral part is added to the controller in order to achieve steady state equal to zero. Thus the result is an optimal PI controller. The path planning is designed using a Rapidly Exploring Random Tree Connect method. In addition, two algorithms are presented to improve the quality of the path, the first algorithm reduces the redundant paths and the second algorithm uses the Bezier curves to smooth the path.
{"title":"Two-wheeled inverted pendulum path planning: An experimental validation","authors":"J. Villacrés, M. Viscaino, M. Herrera, O. Camacho, D. Chávez","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750840","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents experimental results of a two-wheeled inverted pendulum path planning. The model of the robot, which has six identified variables, is linearized by least squares estimation. A Linear-quadratic Regulator is designed to maintain the robot stabilized, while it moves over a path. Furthermore, an integral part is added to the controller in order to achieve steady state equal to zero. Thus the result is an optimal PI controller. The path planning is designed using a Rapidly Exploring Random Tree Connect method. In addition, two algorithms are presented to improve the quality of the path, the first algorithm reduces the redundant paths and the second algorithm uses the Bezier curves to smooth the path.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76363577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750833
Gaudi Morantes, Jose Cappelleto, Gerardo Fernández, R. Clotet, Rafael R. Torrealba, Simon Guerrero
A Central Pattern Generator (CPG) is a network of neurons capable of producing oscillatory signals without oscillatory inputs. This paper proposes of gait generator for lower lumbar exoskeleton, based on neurophysiological principles. In this manner, based in an Amplitude Controlled Phase Oscillator (ACPO) implementation for a CPG, acting as trajectory generator in normal gait for hip and knee joints of a lower lumbar exoskeleton. Three types of topologies are evaluated to determine the most suitable for this system. The results indicated that the “A” topology exhibits a smoother reaction to perturbations, which is desirable for a safe and comfortable human-machine interaction. It is also proposed as future work, the evaluation of the trajectories generator in the exoskeleton model and control.
{"title":"Comparison of CPG topologies for bipedal gait","authors":"Gaudi Morantes, Jose Cappelleto, Gerardo Fernández, R. Clotet, Rafael R. Torrealba, Simon Guerrero","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750833","url":null,"abstract":"A Central Pattern Generator (CPG) is a network of neurons capable of producing oscillatory signals without oscillatory inputs. This paper proposes of gait generator for lower lumbar exoskeleton, based on neurophysiological principles. In this manner, based in an Amplitude Controlled Phase Oscillator (ACPO) implementation for a CPG, acting as trajectory generator in normal gait for hip and knee joints of a lower lumbar exoskeleton. Three types of topologies are evaluated to determine the most suitable for this system. The results indicated that the “A” topology exhibits a smoother reaction to perturbations, which is desirable for a safe and comfortable human-machine interaction. It is also proposed as future work, the evaluation of the trajectories generator in the exoskeleton model and control.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"326 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80373825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750863
José Mendoza, E. Colina, Luis Araque-Lameda, E. Chacón
In a Hybrid Dynamical System (HyDS) event occurrences can be generated by many causes. Also, these events may be controlled or uncontrolled (wanted or un-wanted) which in turn might generate imbalances and/or disorder in the system, with the potential of causing catastrophic faults. In order to be able to deal with controllable events regulation it is important solving an early detection problem, whenever there is no 100% reliable method for detecting them. The main objective of this work is to study and implement an innovative method to detect certain events in a HyDS, such as faults, starts and/or plant shutdowns, setpoint changes, among others. The proposed method is based on the estimation of entropy balance in the system and its efficiency as an event detector is illustrated using Matlab computer simulations on a steam boiler case of study. It is also showed how the entropy balance may be used as an event detector in different operation regions of the process.
{"title":"Entropy as an event detector in a class of Hybrid Dynamic Systems. study case: A steam boiler","authors":"José Mendoza, E. Colina, Luis Araque-Lameda, E. Chacón","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750863","url":null,"abstract":"In a Hybrid Dynamical System (HyDS) event occurrences can be generated by many causes. Also, these events may be controlled or uncontrolled (wanted or un-wanted) which in turn might generate imbalances and/or disorder in the system, with the potential of causing catastrophic faults. In order to be able to deal with controllable events regulation it is important solving an early detection problem, whenever there is no 100% reliable method for detecting them. The main objective of this work is to study and implement an innovative method to detect certain events in a HyDS, such as faults, starts and/or plant shutdowns, setpoint changes, among others. The proposed method is based on the estimation of entropy balance in the system and its efficiency as an event detector is illustrated using Matlab computer simulations on a steam boiler case of study. It is also showed how the entropy balance may be used as an event detector in different operation regions of the process.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87497637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750864
J. Hernández-Ambato, C. Pace
This paper points out to the use of a COTS SAFeFET in the design of an Embedded mini-Heater (EmH) addressed for Accelerated Life Tests (ALTs) on power semiconductor devices. EmH is designed to detect and control the thermal runaway on a device under test (DUT) while thermal and electrical stress are applied. The heating and sensing temperature processes are controlled by discrete PID algorithms running on a microcontroller. As results, EmH can reach a DUT heating temperature of 175°C with a temperature resolution of 0.5°C using a maximum heating power of 10.6W. Even more, due to the small size and low heating power consumption of EmH, loss power dissipation from a single DUT can be measured remotely without any electrical interface connection to detect its degradation during an ALT avoiding to interrupt the electric stress.
{"title":"Embedded mini-Heater design for power loss remote measurement and thermal runaway control on power devices for Accelerated Life Testing","authors":"J. Hernández-Ambato, C. Pace","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2016.7750864","url":null,"abstract":"This paper points out to the use of a COTS SAFeFET in the design of an Embedded mini-Heater (EmH) addressed for Accelerated Life Tests (ALTs) on power semiconductor devices. EmH is designed to detect and control the thermal runaway on a device under test (DUT) while thermal and electrical stress are applied. The heating and sensing temperature processes are controlled by discrete PID algorithms running on a microcontroller. As results, EmH can reach a DUT heating temperature of 175°C with a temperature resolution of 0.5°C using a maximum heating power of 10.6W. Even more, due to the small size and low heating power consumption of EmH, loss power dissipation from a single DUT can be measured remotely without any electrical interface connection to detect its degradation during an ALT avoiding to interrupt the electric stress.","PeriodicalId":6480,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"59 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85095937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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