Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220145
R. Baskaran
DC SQUID sensors based on Nb-AlOx-Nb Josephson junctions were designed and developed at IGCAR, Kalpakkam. Necessary electronics to linearize the SQUID output was developed in-house. These SQUID sensors were used to develop various measuring systems like SQUID magnetometer, SQUID based NonDestructive Evaluation system and multichannel SQUID based biomagnetic measuring systems. In addition supportive instrumentation for SQUID magnetometer like Variable Temperature Insert(VTI) based on flow control of helium gas through a capillary tube for temperature control of the sample chamber has been designed and developed. A VTI based 7T SQUID magnetometer was developed. Development of VTI incorporated SQUID based Vibration Sample Magnetometer to improve the sensitivity is under progress. SQUID NDE has been utilized to identify subsurface defect locations in aluminum plates and optimum frequency for different defect depths. SQUID NDE system has been utilized to detect fatigue induced transformation of δ-ferrite into non-magnetic phases. Multichannel SQUIDs have been utilized inside a magnetically shielded room to measure the magnetic signals from brain(Magnetoencephalography, MEG) and heart (Magnetocaridocagraphy, MCG). Non invasive MCG has been utilized to measure magnetic signal due to HIS bundle activity in the heart and the results have been corroborated with invasive measurements. The talk outlines the development of these SQUID based instruments and their utilization in research.
{"title":"IT05. Squid sensor development and itsutilization","authors":"R. Baskaran","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220145","url":null,"abstract":"DC SQUID sensors based on Nb-AlOx-Nb Josephson junctions were designed and developed at IGCAR, Kalpakkam. Necessary electronics to linearize the SQUID output was developed in-house. These SQUID sensors were used to develop various measuring systems like SQUID magnetometer, SQUID based NonDestructive Evaluation system and multichannel SQUID based biomagnetic measuring systems. In addition supportive instrumentation for SQUID magnetometer like Variable Temperature Insert(VTI) based on flow control of helium gas through a capillary tube for temperature control of the sample chamber has been designed and developed. A VTI based 7T SQUID magnetometer was developed. Development of VTI incorporated SQUID based Vibration Sample Magnetometer to improve the sensitivity is under progress. SQUID NDE has been utilized to identify subsurface defect locations in aluminum plates and optimum frequency for different defect depths. SQUID NDE system has been utilized to detect fatigue induced transformation of δ-ferrite into non-magnetic phases. Multichannel SQUIDs have been utilized inside a magnetically shielded room to measure the magnetic signals from brain(Magnetoencephalography, MEG) and heart (Magnetocaridocagraphy, MCG). Non invasive MCG has been utilized to measure magnetic signal due to HIS bundle activity in the heart and the results have been corroborated with invasive measurements. The talk outlines the development of these SQUID based instruments and their utilization in research.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"22 1","pages":"VI-VI"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87185472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220077
Vipul Dhongade, P. More, R. Aiyer, Salim F. Bamsaoud
The present paper reports room temperature operable LPG sensor based on Fe2O3-PdOdoped SnO2 thin films. Thin films were deposited by spin coating and were fired at an optimized temperature of 550°C. Single step thermal decomposition is used to get SnO2 films. The obtained films showed response from 100 to 2520 ppm of LPG. The films were characterized by XRD and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The average particle size is 13±lnm. UV-Vis absorption peak observed at 304.2nm corresponds to the band gap of -4.07 eV. The sensitivity of LPG sensor (SnO2+PdO(1%)+Fe2O3(5%) was found to be 1.88% per ppm. The response and recovery time was found to be 13 and 25 sec respectively at room temperature.
{"title":"Fe2O3-PdO doped SnO2 based room temperature operable LPG sensor","authors":"Vipul Dhongade, P. More, R. Aiyer, Salim F. Bamsaoud","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220077","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper reports room temperature operable LPG sensor based on Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-PdOdoped SnO<sub>2</sub> thin films. Thin films were deposited by spin coating and were fired at an optimized temperature of 550°C. Single step thermal decomposition is used to get SnO<sub>2</sub> films. The obtained films showed response from 100 to 2520 ppm of LPG. The films were characterized by XRD and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The average particle size is 13±lnm. UV-Vis absorption peak observed at 304.2nm corresponds to the band gap of -4.07 eV. The sensitivity of LPG sensor (SnO<sub>2</sub>+PdO(1%)+Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(5%) was found to be 1.88% per ppm. The response and recovery time was found to be 13 and 25 sec respectively at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"17 1","pages":"35-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77871582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220155
S. Panda
There is a growing interest on microfluidic immunosensors for use as point-of-care diagnostic devices. In typical microfluidic immunosensors, the channel walls are functionalized with antibodies through intermediate linker molecules. The carrier fluid containing the antigens flows through the channels, and the antigens diffuse and electromigrate to the walls as the carrier fluid is convected along the channel. This interplay of the coupled phenomena of convection-diffusion-electromigration which affects the capture efficiencies and thus the detection limits, is an important aspect in the design of microfluidic immunosensors, and will be the main theme of the talk. The diffusion is governed by the velocity profile, which in turn is governed by the interaction of the carrier fluid molecules with the surface antibodies; and electromigration is governed by the electrical double layer. Some experimental results will be presented. Surface engineering (physical and chemical) was used to study the factors affecting these energies (substrates and underlying stack of self assembled linker molecules) and significant tunability of the energies of the surface antibodies was achieved. The effects of the surface engineering on the fluid flow characteristics in pressure driven antibody-functionalized silicon microchannels, and the molecular capture will be highlighted. This knowledge can be utilized to design more efficient microfluidic immunosensors.
{"title":"IT15. Transport and reactions in microfluidic immunosensors","authors":"S. Panda","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220155","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing interest on microfluidic immunosensors for use as point-of-care diagnostic devices. In typical microfluidic immunosensors, the channel walls are functionalized with antibodies through intermediate linker molecules. The carrier fluid containing the antigens flows through the channels, and the antigens diffuse and electromigrate to the walls as the carrier fluid is convected along the channel. This interplay of the coupled phenomena of convection-diffusion-electromigration which affects the capture efficiencies and thus the detection limits, is an important aspect in the design of microfluidic immunosensors, and will be the main theme of the talk. The diffusion is governed by the velocity profile, which in turn is governed by the interaction of the carrier fluid molecules with the surface antibodies; and electromigration is governed by the electrical double layer. Some experimental results will be presented. Surface engineering (physical and chemical) was used to study the factors affecting these energies (substrates and underlying stack of self assembled linker molecules) and significant tunability of the energies of the surface antibodies was achieved. The effects of the surface engineering on the fluid flow characteristics in pressure driven antibody-functionalized silicon microchannels, and the molecular capture will be highlighted. This knowledge can be utilized to design more efficient microfluidic immunosensors.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"41 1","pages":"XXXI-XXXI"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74711816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220159
Ken Uchino
Summary form only given. I will discuss five key trends in this paper for providing the future perspectives; “Performance to Reliability”, “Hard to Soft”, “Macro to Nano”, “Homo to Hetero” and “Single to Multi-functional”. First in the materials trend, the worldwide toxicity regulation is accelerating the development of Pb-free piezoelectrics for replacing the conventional PZTs. Second, high power piezoelectrics with low loss have become a central research topic from the energy-efficiency improvement viewpoint; that is to say, “real (strain magnitude) to imaginary performance (heat generation reduction)”. Third, we are facing the revival polymer era after `80s because of their elastically soft superiority. Larger, thinner, lighter and mechanically flexible human interfaces are the current necessity in the portable electronic devices, leading to the development in elastically soft displays, electronic circuits, and speakers/microphones. Polymeric and polymer-ceramic composite piezoelectrics are reviving and commercialized. PZN-PT or PMN-PT single crystals became focused due to the rubber-like-soft piezo-ceramic strain after 25 years of the discovery. In the MEMS/NEMS area, piezo MEMS is one of the miniaturization targets for integrating the piezo-actuators in a micro-scale devices, aiming at bio/medical applications for maintaining the human health. “Homo to hetero” structure change is also a recent research trend: Stress-gradient in terms of space in a dielectric material exhibits piezoelectric-equivalent sensing capability (i.e., “flexoelectricity”), while electric-field gradient in terms of space in a semiconductive piezoelectric can exhibit bimorph-equivalent flextensional deformation (“monomorph”). New functions can be realized by coupling two effects. Magnetoelectric devices (i.e., voltage is generated by applying magnetic field) were developed by laminating magnetostrictiveTerfenol-D and piezoelectric PZT materials, and photostriction was demonstrated by coupling photovoltaic and piezoelectric effects in PLZT. In the application area, the global regime for “ecological sustainability” particularly accelerated new developments in ultrasonic disposal technology of hazardous materials, diesel injection valves for air pollution, and piezoelectric renewable energy harvesting systems.
只提供摘要形式。我将在本文中讨论五个关键趋势，以提供未来的观点;“从性能到可靠性”、“从硬到软”、“从宏到纳米”、“从人到杂”、“从单一到多功能”。首先，在材料趋势方面，世界范围内的毒性法规正在加速无铅压电材料的发展，以取代传统的压电材料。其次，从提高能效的角度来看，高功率低损耗压电材料已成为研究的热点;也就是说，“实(应变大小)到虚性能(热产生减少)”。其三，由于聚合物具有弹性柔软的优势，我们正面临着80后的复兴时代。更大、更薄、更轻和机械柔性的人机界面是当前便携式电子设备的必需品，这导致了弹性软显示器、电子电路和扬声器/麦克风的发展。聚合物和聚合物陶瓷复合压电材料正在复苏和商业化。PZN-PT或PMN-PT单晶经过25年的发现，由于橡胶般的软压电陶瓷应变而变得聚焦。在MEMS/NEMS领域，压电MEMS是将压电致动器集成在微尺度器件中的微型化目标之一，旨在生物/医疗领域的应用，以维护人类的健康。“Homo - to - hetero”结构变化也是最近的研究趋势:介电材料中空间方面的应力梯度表现出压电等效传感能力(即“挠性电”)，而半导体压电材料中空间方面的电场梯度可以表现出双晶等效弯曲拉伸变形(“单晶”)。通过耦合两种效果可以实现新的功能。将磁致伸缩的veterfenol - d与压电PZT材料层压制成磁电器件(即通过施加磁场产生电压)，并通过光电效应和压电效应耦合在PLZT中证明了光致伸缩。在应用领域，“生态可持续性”的全球制度特别加速了有害物质超声波处理技术、空气污染柴油喷射阀和压电可再生能源收集系统的新发展。
{"title":"PT03. Piezoelectric actuator renaissance","authors":"Ken Uchino","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220159","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. I will discuss five key trends in this paper for providing the future perspectives; “Performance to Reliability”, “Hard to Soft”, “Macro to Nano”, “Homo to Hetero” and “Single to Multi-functional”. First in the materials trend, the worldwide toxicity regulation is accelerating the development of Pb-free piezoelectrics for replacing the conventional PZTs. Second, high power piezoelectrics with low loss have become a central research topic from the energy-efficiency improvement viewpoint; that is to say, “real (strain magnitude) to imaginary performance (heat generation reduction)”. Third, we are facing the revival polymer era after `80s because of their elastically soft superiority. Larger, thinner, lighter and mechanically flexible human interfaces are the current necessity in the portable electronic devices, leading to the development in elastically soft displays, electronic circuits, and speakers/microphones. Polymeric and polymer-ceramic composite piezoelectrics are reviving and commercialized. PZN-PT or PMN-PT single crystals became focused due to the rubber-like-soft piezo-ceramic strain after 25 years of the discovery. In the MEMS/NEMS area, piezo MEMS is one of the miniaturization targets for integrating the piezo-actuators in a micro-scale devices, aiming at bio/medical applications for maintaining the human health. “Homo to hetero” structure change is also a recent research trend: Stress-gradient in terms of space in a dielectric material exhibits piezoelectric-equivalent sensing capability (i.e., “flexoelectricity”), while electric-field gradient in terms of space in a semiconductive piezoelectric can exhibit bimorph-equivalent flextensional deformation (“monomorph”). New functions can be realized by coupling two effects. Magnetoelectric devices (i.e., voltage is generated by applying magnetic field) were developed by laminating magnetostrictiveTerfenol-D and piezoelectric PZT materials, and photostriction was demonstrated by coupling photovoltaic and piezoelectric effects in PLZT. In the application area, the global regime for “ecological sustainability” particularly accelerated new developments in ultrasonic disposal technology of hazardous materials, diesel injection valves for air pollution, and piezoelectric renewable energy harvesting systems.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"97 5 1","pages":"iii-iii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75579810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220094
Medha Misar, D. Gharpure
Palm prints are rich in features, can be easily acquired and hence different Palmprint features are used for the purpose of biometric identification. This paper presents analysis of wavelet coefficients for feature extraction of palm print images for biometry. A novel preprocessing technique for alignment of Palmprint images has been developed which allows the palm to be placed in any orientation in front of the camera. This paper also presents a method to extract a square shaped Region of Interest from the aligned image based on the palm geometry. Further processing has been done on the coefficients obtained from the Discrete Wavelet Transform to generate the feature vector. The method of feature extraction and the results obtained from feature matching using Neural Network have been discussed in this paper.
{"title":"Extraction of feature vector based on wavelet coefficients for a palm print based biometric identification system","authors":"Medha Misar, D. Gharpure","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220094","url":null,"abstract":"Palm prints are rich in features, can be easily acquired and hence different Palmprint features are used for the purpose of biometric identification. This paper presents analysis of wavelet coefficients for feature extraction of palm print images for biometry. A novel preprocessing technique for alignment of Palmprint images has been developed which allows the palm to be placed in any orientation in front of the camera. This paper also presents a method to extract a square shaped Region of Interest from the aligned image based on the palm geometry. Further processing has been done on the coefficients obtained from the Discrete Wavelet Transform to generate the feature vector. The method of feature extraction and the results obtained from feature matching using Neural Network have been discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80586356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220140
E. Prabhu, K. I. Gnanasekar, V. Jayaraman, T. Gnanasekaran
Compositions of nominal formula, SrFe1-xTixO3-δ (x = 0 - 0.8) were prepared by solid state method and characterized by X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopic studies. Electrical conductivities of these samples were studied at different temperatures in three different oxygen concentrations. Thin films of SrFe0.2Ti0.8O3-δ and SrFe0.35Ti0.65O3-δ were deposited on polycrystalline alumina using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. These films were found sensing changes in percentage levels of oxygen concentration. The optimum operating temperature of the sensor was found to be 698 K. The response and recovery times were 5 and 15 s respectively.
{"title":"Studies on the oxygen sensing characteristics of SrFe1−xTixO3-δ","authors":"E. Prabhu, K. I. Gnanasekar, V. Jayaraman, T. Gnanasekaran","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220140","url":null,"abstract":"Compositions of nominal formula, SrFe<sub>1-x</sub>Ti<sub>x</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> (x = 0 - 0.8) were prepared by solid state method and characterized by X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopic studies. Electrical conductivities of these samples were studied at different temperatures in three different oxygen concentrations. Thin films of SrFe<sub>0</sub>.<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> and SrFe<sub>0.35</sub>Ti<sub>0.65</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> were deposited on polycrystalline alumina using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. These films were found sensing changes in percentage levels of oxygen concentration. The optimum operating temperature of the sensor was found to be 698 K. The response and recovery times were 5 and 15 s respectively.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"35 1","pages":"328-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85370307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220153
A. Kelkar
The author presents recent work on the computational modeling at the nanoscale level. Brief discussions on the molecular/atomistic modeling methods relevant to nanoscale are discussed. Hybrid and nanocomposites comprised material phases at varying length scales and nanomaterial constituents. Other areas of the research focused on the deformation and fracture at nanoscale in bimetallic nanolayers and the molecular level interactions in biosensor applications.
{"title":"IT13. Modeling at nanoscale — Materials, mechanics and bio applications","authors":"A. Kelkar","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220153","url":null,"abstract":"The author presents recent work on the computational modeling at the nanoscale level. Brief discussions on the molecular/atomistic modeling methods relevant to nanoscale are discussed. Hybrid and nanocomposites comprised material phases at varying length scales and nanomaterial constituents. Other areas of the research focused on the deformation and fracture at nanoscale in bimetallic nanolayers and the molecular level interactions in biosensor applications.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"59 1","pages":"XXIX-XXIX"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88497604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220070
U. Bangi, L. Deshmukh, H. H. Park, N. N. Maldar
Synthesis of ultrafine barium titanate (BT) nanoparticles using a simple cost effective precipitation method and their structural and morphological changes are outline in this paper. In actual, BTO precipitate was subjected to centrifuge, washing and heating processes to obtain BT nanoparticles. Special emphasis was given to the concentration of precursor (barium nitrate) and capping ligand (PVP) while synthesizing the material because they are least studied and found a deep influence on the size of BT particles. To study their effect on the properties of BT samples the concentration of barium nitrate and PVP were varied from 0.005 to 0.05 M and 0.001 to 0.008 M respectively. The structure of these nanoparticles was determined using the X-ray diffraction and FTIR techniques. The X-ray diffraction demonstrated the formation of pure tetragonal phase of BT with average crystallite size, strain and dislocation density of ~13 nm, 2.8×10-3 and 6×1015 m-2 respectively. The surface morphologies of the different BT samples were viewed through the FESEM. Nearly spherical grains with some sort of fusing (agglomeration) have been observed at higher concentrations of both the barium precursor and PVP. FTIR spectra signified the presence of Ti-O bond at 490 cm-1 and 1420 cm-1 confirming the formation of BT. Thin films of the as-synthesized BT nanoparticles can be employed for the sensing application.
{"title":"Cost-effective synthesis of ultrafine BaTiO3 nanoparticles: Some structural and morphological observations","authors":"U. Bangi, L. Deshmukh, H. H. Park, N. N. Maldar","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220070","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of ultrafine barium titanate (BT) nanoparticles using a simple cost effective precipitation method and their structural and morphological changes are outline in this paper. In actual, BTO precipitate was subjected to centrifuge, washing and heating processes to obtain BT nanoparticles. Special emphasis was given to the concentration of precursor (barium nitrate) and capping ligand (PVP) while synthesizing the material because they are least studied and found a deep influence on the size of BT particles. To study their effect on the properties of BT samples the concentration of barium nitrate and PVP were varied from 0.005 to 0.05 M and 0.001 to 0.008 M respectively. The structure of these nanoparticles was determined using the X-ray diffraction and FTIR techniques. The X-ray diffraction demonstrated the formation of pure tetragonal phase of BT with average crystallite size, strain and dislocation density of ~13 nm, 2.8×10-3 and 6×1015 m-2 respectively. The surface morphologies of the different BT samples were viewed through the FESEM. Nearly spherical grains with some sort of fusing (agglomeration) have been observed at higher concentrations of both the barium precursor and PVP. FTIR spectra signified the presence of Ti-O bond at 490 cm-1 and 1420 cm-1 confirming the formation of BT. Thin films of the as-synthesized BT nanoparticles can be employed for the sensing application.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"6-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78437784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220079
Shravanti Joshi, L. Satyanarayana, P. Manjula, Manorama V. Sunkara, S. Ippolito
Heterojunction nanocomposites were realized between p-type CuO and n-type SnO2 by simple hydrothermal route, further incorporation with 0.5wt.% silver showed an efficient sensor response of 72.02% towards carbon dioxide at a comparably low operating temperature of 300°C. The synthesized samples were characterized extensively by XRD and UV-DRS. Morphological evaluations carried out using transmission electron microscope not only provided information on the size and shape of the materials but also revealed that the hierarchical assembly remained intact for CuO-SnO2 nanocomposite. Furthermore, carbon dioxide gas sensing properties (sensitivity, sensor response, and recovery time) of the as-synthesized nanocomposites were investigated to demonstrate the ability of p-n heterojunction. Owing to the porous structure and large surface area, the nanocomposite exhibited superior sensitivity with short response/recovery times at concentrations of 10,000 ppm of CO2 gas balanced in air. Finally, it was concluded that embellishing 0.5wt.% silver on the surface activated these nanocomposites. This surface activation reduced the operating temperature and also promoted excellent sensitivity, selectivity, recovery time towards carbon dioxide. A detailed insight into sensing mechanism based on UV-DRS spectroscopy studies was presented.
{"title":"Chemo — Resistive CO2 gas sensor based on CuO-SnO2 heterojunction nanocomposite material","authors":"Shravanti Joshi, L. Satyanarayana, P. Manjula, Manorama V. Sunkara, S. Ippolito","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220079","url":null,"abstract":"Heterojunction nanocomposites were realized between p-type CuO and n-type SnO2 by simple hydrothermal route, further incorporation with 0.5wt.% silver showed an efficient sensor response of 72.02% towards carbon dioxide at a comparably low operating temperature of 300°C. The synthesized samples were characterized extensively by XRD and UV-DRS. Morphological evaluations carried out using transmission electron microscope not only provided information on the size and shape of the materials but also revealed that the hierarchical assembly remained intact for CuO-SnO2 nanocomposite. Furthermore, carbon dioxide gas sensing properties (sensitivity, sensor response, and recovery time) of the as-synthesized nanocomposites were investigated to demonstrate the ability of p-n heterojunction. Owing to the porous structure and large surface area, the nanocomposite exhibited superior sensitivity with short response/recovery times at concentrations of 10,000 ppm of CO2 gas balanced in air. Finally, it was concluded that embellishing 0.5wt.% silver on the surface activated these nanocomposites. This surface activation reduced the operating temperature and also promoted excellent sensitivity, selectivity, recovery time towards carbon dioxide. A detailed insight into sensing mechanism based on UV-DRS spectroscopy studies was presented.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"255 1","pages":"43-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73121472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-07DOI: 10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220144
P. Y. Nabiraj
During the last two decades, focused ion beam (FIB) technology has been used as a tool in highly demanding applications in the field of nanotechnology such as repair of photolithography masks, repair and modification of integrated circuits, TEM sample preparation, selective implantation, resist exposure etc. The technology of using FIBs for nano/micro fabrication is also called direct writing, which transfers patterns by direct impingement of ions into small spoton a substrate. Direct writing is a collection of several processes, such as milling by sputtering, implantation and ion induced deposition. These processes perform material removal, change of property and material addition. The key to the FIB direct write technology is its ability to operate a FIB with a proper beam size, current, and energy to remove or add a required amount of material with or without chemical reactions from a predefined location in a controllable manner. In this way, high precision and complex three dimensional (3D) nano/micro structures can be synthesized. Till recently, the Liquid Metal Ion Source based FIB (LMIS-FIB) system has been most popularand commercially available system. The available current from LMIS-FIB is of the order of few pA to nA and of only metallic species such as Ga, As, Ag, Au etc. These metallic ions would get implanted in the substrate being milled and change their chemical and physical properties which is undesirable. In addition, due to availability of very low current, the milling rates are only about 5 μm3/s and less. This is an excellent system to mill small volume of material in nanoscale ranges only. Due to advent of large number of MEMS devices, these days the LMIS-FIB systems are being used in synthesizing micro and macro patterns where it involves removal of volume of several million μm3 of material taking prohibitively long time.
{"title":"IT04. High speed micro/nano-machining by indigenously developed ICP-FIB system","authors":"P. Y. Nabiraj","doi":"10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPTS.2015.7220144","url":null,"abstract":"During the last two decades, focused ion beam (FIB) technology has been used as a tool in highly demanding applications in the field of nanotechnology such as repair of photolithography masks, repair and modification of integrated circuits, TEM sample preparation, selective implantation, resist exposure etc. The technology of using FIBs for nano/micro fabrication is also called direct writing, which transfers patterns by direct impingement of ions into small spoton a substrate. Direct writing is a collection of several processes, such as milling by sputtering, implantation and ion induced deposition. These processes perform material removal, change of property and material addition. The key to the FIB direct write technology is its ability to operate a FIB with a proper beam size, current, and energy to remove or add a required amount of material with or without chemical reactions from a predefined location in a controllable manner. In this way, high precision and complex three dimensional (3D) nano/micro structures can be synthesized. Till recently, the Liquid Metal Ion Source based FIB (LMIS-FIB) system has been most popularand commercially available system. The available current from LMIS-FIB is of the order of few pA to nA and of only metallic species such as Ga, As, Ag, Au etc. These metallic ions would get implanted in the substrate being milled and change their chemical and physical properties which is undesirable. In addition, due to availability of very low current, the milling rates are only about 5 μm3/s and less. This is an excellent system to mill small volume of material in nanoscale ranges only. Due to advent of large number of MEMS devices, these days the LMIS-FIB systems are being used in synthesizing micro and macro patterns where it involves removal of volume of several million μm3 of material taking prohibitively long time.","PeriodicalId":6520,"journal":{"name":"2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS)","volume":"269 1","pages":"V-V"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75202869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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