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2017 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)最新文献

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MDS-based localization with known anchor locations and missing tag-to-tag distances 基于mds的定位与已知的锚点位置和缺失标签到标签的距离
Moses A. Koledoye, T. Facchinetti, L. Almeida
Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) can be used to localize a set of nodes (tags) by evaluating their distances from another set of nodes having known location (anchors). Node localization with MDS generally requires that the proximity graph be fully connected. This implies that matrices generated from tag-anchor ranging for which tag-to-tag distances are missing can not be used directly with the MDS algorithm without the use of estimates for the missing data. These estimates, however, unavoidably introduce some approximations in the localization process, which can become relatively large depending on the number of missing measurements and the amount of noise in the pair-wise distance measurements. This paper proposes a specialized form of the anchored MDS algorithm that undermines missing tag-to-tag distances in the connectivity matrix. We show that decoupling tag-to-tag interactions in the Scaling by MAjorizing a COmplicated Function (SMACOF) algorithm can undermine the effects of missing tag-to-tag distances and produce tag configurations that are inferred directly from only anchor-tag pairwise distances.
多维尺度(MDS)可用于通过评估一组节点(标签)与另一组已知位置的节点(锚点)之间的距离来定位一组节点(标签)。使用MDS进行节点定位通常要求接近图是完全连通的。这意味着,如果不使用对缺失数据的估计,则不能直接与MDS算法一起使用从标签锚定范围生成的标记到标签距离缺失的矩阵。然而,这些估计不可避免地在定位过程中引入一些近似值,这些近似值可能会变得相对较大,这取决于缺失测量的数量和成对距离测量中的噪声量。本文提出了一种特殊形式的锚定MDS算法,该算法破坏了连接矩阵中缺失的标签到标签距离。我们表明,通过优化复杂函数(SMACOF)缩放算法解耦标签与标签之间的相互作用可以破坏缺失标签与标签距离的影响,并产生仅从锚标记对距离直接推断的标签配置。
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引用次数: 6
Short and robust experiments in relay autotuners 继电器自动调谐器的短鲁棒实验
J. Berner, K. Soltesz
This paper demonstrates how second-order time-delayed models adequate for PID controller synthesis can be identified from significantly shorter relay experiments, than used in previous publications to obtain first-order time-delayed models. Apart from having good noise robustness properties, the proposed method explicitly addresses non-stationary initial states of the dynamics to be identified, and handles constant load disturbances.
本文演示了如何从较短的继电器实验中识别适合PID控制器综合的二阶时滞模型,而不是在以前的出版物中使用一阶时滞模型。除了具有良好的噪声鲁棒性外,所提出的方法明确地解决了待识别的动力学的非平稳初始状态,并处理恒定负载干扰。
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引用次数: 10
Interactive governor on ARM architectures for image processing applications with variable requirements ARM架构上的交互式调控器,用于具有可变需求的图像处理应用程序
J. Silvestre-Blanes
Governors on embedded systems have the function of regulating the voltage and frequency of the processors with the aim of satisfying the user's needs and at the same time reducing energy consumption necessary to achieve this. The most common use of these governors, from the point of view of energysaving, is in smartphones, in which the load that the system has to support is extremely variable depending on the user. In industry 4.0, and particularly in Visual Sensor Networks, the load has different characteristics from that of smartphones, and thus both the choice of governor as well as its configuration can allow significant savings in terms of energy, while still satisfying the requirements of the aplication. In this paper a methodology for configuring the Interactive governor is developed which guarantess the response time of the application but also offers energy savings around 40%, depending on the variability of the load.
嵌入式系统中的调控器具有调节处理器的电压和频率的功能,目的是满足用户的需求,同时降低实现这一需求所需的能耗。从节能的角度来看,这些调控器最常见的用途是智能手机,在智能手机中,系统必须支持的负载根据用户的不同而变化很大。在工业4.0中,特别是在视觉传感器网络中,负载具有与智能手机不同的特性,因此无论是调速器的选择还是其配置都可以显著节省能源,同时仍然满足应用程序的要求。在本文中,开发了一种配置交互式调控器的方法,该方法可以保证应用程序的响应时间,而且还可以根据负载的可变性节省大约40%的能源。
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引用次数: 1
Regression kernel for prognostics with support vector machines 基于支持向量机的预测回归核
Josey Mathew, Ming Luo, C. Pang
Estimating the remaining useful life (RUL) of systems and/or equpipments has been an important goal for reliable, safe, and profitable operation of industrial plants. However, traditional mathematical and statistical modeling based approaches are difficult to design and they adapt poorly to the ever changing operating and environmental conditions in real-world industries. With recent developments in computational technologies, data storage, and industrial automation recording and storage of large amounts of historical plant data from embedded sensors and maintenance records have become easy. Availability of large data sets together with advancements in data driven machine learning algorithms has been the key driver for prognostic and diagnostic research in the industry as well as by academia. Nevertheless, developing generalized machine learning algorithms for the prognostic domain has been challenging due to the very nature of the problem. This paper describes some of these challenges and proposes a modified regression kernel that can be used by support vector regression (SVR) for prognostic problems. The method is tested on a simplified simulated time-series data set that is modeled to represent the challenges presented.
评估系统和/或设备的剩余使用寿命(RUL)一直是工业工厂可靠、安全和盈利运行的重要目标。然而,传统的基于数学和统计建模的方法很难设计,并且它们难以适应现实世界中不断变化的操作和环境条件。随着计算技术的最新发展,数据存储和工业自动化记录和存储来自嵌入式传感器和维护记录的大量历史工厂数据变得容易。大数据集的可用性以及数据驱动机器学习算法的进步一直是行业和学术界预测和诊断研究的关键驱动力。然而,由于问题的本质,为预测领域开发广义机器学习算法一直具有挑战性。本文描述了其中的一些挑战,并提出了一个改进的回归核,可用于支持向量回归(SVR)的预测问题。该方法在一个简化的模拟时间序列数据集上进行了测试,该数据集建模以表示所提出的挑战。
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引用次数: 14
Self-configuration of IEEE 802.1 TSN networks IEEE 802.1 TSN网络自配置
Marina Gutiérrez, A. Ademaj, W. Steiner, R. Dobrin, S. Punnekkat
Configuration processes of real-time networks are costly both in terms of time and engineering effort and require the system to be shutdown during the reconfiguration phase thus resulting in significant down time as well. The convergence of IT/OT technologies is bringing a whole world of possibilities for the configuration and management of real-time networks for the automation industry. With software defined networking (SDN) features like the separation of the data and control plane and standards like IEEE 802.1 developed with the goal of adding deterministic capabilities to traditionally dynamic switched Ethernet networks, the plug and play paradigm is almost around the corner. In this paper, we go one step further and start looking into the self-configuration of real-time networks. To achieve that we propose to introduce a Configuration Agent in the network, an entity that continuously monitors the network to detect changes and automatically update the configuration to adapt to such changes while maintaining desired quality of service. We present here the complete framework for the Configuration Agent that will provide self-configuration capabilities to real-time networks. The proposed framework has IEEE 802.1 as its core, but also shows how the set of standards need to be extended in order to achieve the self-configuration requirements. Concretely we examine the role of existing communication protocols like NETCONF and OPC-UA and propose the essential ingredients (managed objects) for a YANG model for the learning aspects in the bridges, including different working modes.
实时网络的配置过程在时间和工程努力方面都是昂贵的,并且需要在重新配置阶段关闭系统,从而导致大量停机时间。IT/OT技术的融合为自动化行业的实时网络配置和管理带来了无限的可能性。随着软件定义网络(SDN)特性(如数据和控制平面的分离)和标准(如IEEE 802.1)的开发,即插即用范式即将到来,这些标准的目标是为传统的动态交换以太网添加确定性功能。在本文中,我们更进一步,开始研究实时网络的自配置。为了实现这一目标,我们建议在网络中引入一个配置代理(Configuration Agent),它是一个持续监视网络以检测更改并自动更新配置以适应此类更改的实体,同时保持所需的服务质量。我们在这里给出了配置代理的完整框架,它将为实时网络提供自配置功能。提出的框架以IEEE 802.1为核心,但也显示了如何扩展标准集以实现自配置要求。具体地说,我们研究了现有的通信协议,如NETCONF和OPC-UA的作用,并提出了用于网桥学习方面的YANG模型的基本成分(管理对象),包括不同的工作模式。
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引用次数: 65
Evaluation of accurate indoor localization systems in industrial environments 工业环境下室内精确定位系统的评价
Abdulkadir Karaagac, J. Haxhibeqiri, Matteo Ridolfi, W. Joseph, I. Moerman, J. Hoebeke
Due to the fast emergence of location-based services and the absence of a widely adopted localization technology for indoor environments, Indoor Localization Systems have become a central topic of research in the last decade. Although there is a significant amount of research targeting indoor localization technologies and their performance, most of these efforts only focus on theory, system design or evaluation in non-industrial environments, usually offices or healthcare spaces. In this work, a detailed performance evaluation of two commercially available accurate localization technologies, based on Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) and Ultra-wideband (UWB), in an industrial environment is presented to create an experimental understanding of their behaviour in similar conditions and to investigate their potential to be used in industrial applications with concrete localization requirements. For this purpose, these localization technologies are examined with respect to various performance criteria in several scenarios in a real industrial site.
由于基于位置的服务的快速出现和缺乏广泛采用的室内环境定位技术,室内定位系统在过去十年中已经成为研究的中心课题。尽管有大量针对室内定位技术及其性能的研究,但大多数研究只关注非工业环境(通常是办公室或医疗场所)的理论、系统设计或评估。在这项工作中,提出了基于低功耗蓝牙(LE)和超宽带(UWB)的两种商用精确定位技术在工业环境中的详细性能评估,以创建对它们在类似条件下的行为的实验理解,并研究它们在具有具体定位要求的工业应用中使用的潜力。为此,在实际工业现场的几个场景中,根据各种性能标准对这些本地化技术进行了检查。
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引用次数: 22
Cross-validation of sliding mode control strategies for radiant floor temperature control 地板辐射温度控制滑模控制策略的交叉验证
S. Rastegarpour, L. Ferrarini
The dynamic model of thermal zones has nonlinear characteristics, large inertia and time variability. Dominating these difficulties in order to increase overall energy efficiency in buildings and improve the comfort level of building occupants is a controversial issue nowadays. Although there are several traditional, simple and effective control strategies such as thermostatic valves on radiators (TVR) or PID controllers to cope with these difficulties, some alternative solutions may be more efficient. In this study, the dynamic model of a single zone including hydronic system will be formulated according to the energy balance equation of the wall, pavement, zone and pipelines. This model can be easily extended to large thermal zones for instance for commercial buildings. Then, the suboptimal second order Sliding Mode Control (SMC) will be implemented on the simplified dynamic model. Besides, first order SMC will be analyzed for comparison and cross-validation of the suboptimal method. At the end the application of sliding mode approach will be analyzed for a radiant floor model including mixing valve and return water as an uncertainty resource. The main purpose of this study is to formulate a reliable dynamic model for thermal zones and make a cross-validation on the implemented first order SMC and suboptimal second order SMC.
热区动力学模型具有非线性、大惯性和时变的特点。克服这些困难,以提高建筑物的整体能源效率和提高建筑物居住者的舒适度是当今一个有争议的问题。虽然有一些传统的,简单和有效的控制策略,如散热器上的恒温阀(TVR)或PID控制器来应对这些困难,但一些替代解决方案可能更有效。在本研究中,将根据墙体、路面、区域和管道的能量平衡方程,建立包括水循环系统在内的单个区域的动力模型。该模型可以很容易地扩展到大型热区,例如商业建筑。然后,在简化的动态模型上实现次优二阶滑模控制(SMC)。此外,将分析一阶SMC,以比较和交叉验证次优方法。最后分析了滑模方法在含混合阀和回水作为不确定性资源的辐射地板模型中的应用。本研究的主要目的是建立一个可靠的热区动态模型,并对所实现的一阶SMC和次优二阶SMC进行交叉验证。
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引用次数: 0
Concept for AutomationML-based interoperability between multiple independent engineering tools without semantic harmonization: Experiences with AutomationML 没有语义协调的多个独立工程工具之间基于AutomationML的互操作性的概念:AutomationML的经验
Prerna Bihani, R. Drath
This paper describes a concept and its industrial pilot of a methodology for how to automate the data exchange between multiple engineering tools by means of AutomationML without a predefined semantic harmonization or a central database. Key challenges in the methodology and its industrial application are interoperability between 20 participating independent engineering tool platforms, identification of inconsistencies and guiding the project manager to areas of inconsistency. The key focus of this paper is not a commercial product; instead, the authors describe the methodological challenges, derive related requirements and describe the concepts to fulfill the collected requirements.
本文描述了一个概念及其工业试验方法,即如何通过AutomationML在没有预定义的语义协调或中央数据库的情况下在多个工程工具之间自动化数据交换。该方法及其工业应用的主要挑战是20个参与的独立工程工具平台之间的互操作性,不一致的识别和指导项目经理到不一致的领域。本文的重点不是商业产品;相反,作者描述了方法论上的挑战,推导出相关的需求,并描述了实现收集到的需求的概念。
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引用次数: 13
Automatic generation of plant topologies by analysing operations data 通过分析操作数据自动生成工厂拓扑结构
G. Gutermuth, Mario Hoernicke
This paper introduces an algorithm to construct a plant topology from analyzing correlations in operations data and iteratively combining pieces of information to the final result. Selected domain specific rules are given in detail and applied to a feeder unit example of a continuous process plant. The final result is good in accordance with the initial example P&ID. Benefits of the method and further research fields are discussed.
本文介绍了一种通过分析操作数据之间的相关性,并将信息块迭代组合到最终结果来构建工厂拓扑结构的算法。详细给出了选定的领域特定规则,并将其应用于连续工艺装置的给料装置实例。最终结果与初始示例P&ID一致。讨论了该方法的优点和今后的研究方向。
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引用次数: 4
Strong stability system regulating safety for generalized minimum variance control 广义最小方差控制的强稳定系统调节安全性
A. Yanou, M. Minami, T. Matsuno
This paper explores a strong stability system, which regulates safety for generalized minimum variance control (GMVC). GMVC is one of the control methods for application in industry and the controller is designed by generalized output to make the closed-loop system stable. Once the generalized output is designed, the derived controller cannot be re-designed without changing the closed-loop characteristic. For safe applications in industry, it is desirable that both of the closed-loop system and the controller are stable. That is, the strong stability system, which means that both of the closed-loop system and the controller are stable, is desirable to develop the applications. Although authors have proposed the extended GMVC design methods and the strong stability systems by using coprime factorization, there is a problem that the degree of controller may be higher than the conventional method because stable polynomial is needed in order to obtain coprime factorization. Therefore this paper directly extends GMVC without coprime factorization, and a strong stability system regulating safety is studied from the view point of the quantity of feedback signal. Some numerical examples are shown in order to check the characteristic of the proposed method.
本文研究了广义最小方差控制(GMVC)的强稳定系统。GMVC是工业上应用的控制方法之一,控制器采用广义输出设计,使闭环系统稳定。一旦设计出广义输出,就不能在不改变闭环特性的情况下重新设计派生控制器。为了在工业上的安全应用,希望闭环系统和控制器都是稳定的。也就是说,强稳定性系统,即闭环系统和控制器都是稳定的,是开发应用的理想条件。虽然作者已经提出了扩展的GMVC设计方法和利用协素分解的强稳定性系统,但由于要得到协素分解需要稳定的多项式,因此控制器的程度可能比传统方法要高。因此,本文直接对GMVC进行了扩展,而不需要进行素分解,并从反馈信号量的角度研究了一个调节安全性的强稳定系统。通过数值算例验证了所提方法的特点。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2017 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)
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