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2017 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)最新文献

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Low cost CPPs for industrial control under FAHP algorithm 基于FAHP算法的低成本工业控制CPPs
Rosa Galleguillos, S. Altamirano, Marcelo V. García, F. Pérez, M. Marcos
A cyber-physical system integrates capacities such as computing, storing and communication along with others in the physical world such as objects tracking and/or objects controlling. According to the IIoT concepts it is possible to infer that CyberPhysical Production Systems (CPPS) systems are normally connected to each other, and also connected to the virtual world of global digital networks. That is why introducing the IEC-61499 standard, will allow the CPPS to implement distributed, flexible and reconfigurable controllers. All this with the aim that industries being more competitive, which are constantly taking decisions in different industrial systems gaining in complexity, this can be improved applying qualitative and quantitative methods like the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP). For this reason, it is necessary to provide the industry with low-cost alternatives which could redirect the CPPS development to a new variety of devices. This paper proposes the development of the FBs networks needed in the control of industrial processes based on the AHP methodology, broadly used in decision making.
网络物理系统集成了计算、存储和通信等能力,以及物理世界中的其他能力,如物体跟踪和/或物体控制。根据工业物联网的概念,可以推断出网络物理生产系统(CPPS)系统通常是相互连接的,也连接到全球数字网络的虚拟世界。这就是为什么引入IEC-61499标准,将允许CPPS实现分布式,灵活和可重构的控制器。所有这些都是为了使行业更具竞争力,这些行业不断在不同的工业系统中做出复杂的决策,这可以通过模糊层次分析法(FAHP)等定性和定量方法得到改善。因此,有必要为行业提供低成本的替代方案,从而将CPPS的发展转向新的设备品种。本文提出了基于AHP方法的工业过程控制所需的FBs网络的发展,AHP方法广泛应用于决策。
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引用次数: 1
Integrating fuzzy TOPSIS and goal programming for multiple objective integrated procurement-production planning 基于模糊TOPSIS和目标规划的多目标综合采购生产计划
Rihab Khemiri, Khaoula Elbedoui-Maktouf, B. Grabot, Belhassen Zouari
In this paper, a four-phase approach for Integrated Procurement-Production (IPP) tactical planning in a multiechelon, multi-product and multi-period Supply Chain (SC) network is proposed. To account for ambiguity and vagueness in some real-world data and preferences, in the first phase of the approach, the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (fuzzy TOPSIS) method is used to obtain the overall performance and risk ratings of the suppliers with regard to a set of qualitative and quantitative criteria. In the second phase, we introduce a novel multi-objective possibilistic mixed integer linear programming model (MOPMILP) for solving an IPP planning considering conflicting goals simultaneously: maximization of the overall performance and minimization of the overall risk. Then, after converting this MOPMILP model into an equivalent crisp multi-objective mixed integer linear programming (MOMILP) model, we use the Goal Programming (GP) approach to solve this MOMILP model in order to find an efficient compromise solution (i.e. an efficient procurement production plan) for the whole SC. The proposed approach and solution methodology are validated through a numerical example.
本文提出了一种多级、多产品、多周期供应链网络中采购生产一体化(IPP)战术规划的四阶段方法。考虑到一些现实世界的数据和偏好的模糊性和模糊性,在方法的第一阶段,采用模糊TOPSIS (Fuzzy TOPSIS)方法,根据一组定性和定量标准获得供应商的总体绩效和风险评级。在第二阶段,我们引入了一种新的多目标可能性混合整数线性规划模型(MOPMILP)来解决同时考虑冲突目标的IPP规划问题:整体性能最大化和整体风险最小化。然后,将该MOPMILP模型转化为等效的多目标混合整数线性规划(MOMILP)模型,利用目标规划(GP)方法对该MOMILP模型进行求解,以寻找整个供应链的有效折衷解(即有效的采购生产计划),并通过数值算例验证了所提出的方法和求解方法。
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引用次数: 7
Automatic light control of an arbitrary color source for AMOLED inspection using random-search method 用随机搜索法实现任意色源AMOLED检测的自动光控
HyungTae Kim, KyungChan Jin, Jongseok Kim, EungJoo Ha, JinHyeok Lee
Illumination is one of the important factors in machine-vision systems, and optimization of illumination is essential to acquire high-quality images during an inspection process. This paper proposes optimization process of the light color and intensity for inspection of active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) panels using a random-search method. The raw image acquired by a line scan camera had low luminance uniformity due to the surface condition of the AMOLED. The brightness deviation of the image was corrected to increase uniformity. The image quality after the correction was evaluated using a kind of image index, namely Tenenbaum gradient. The random-search method switched the dimming levels of the color source until a better image index was obtained. The random search was formulated for a multi-dimensional vector to be used in an arbitrary number of color sources. The random value in this study was generated using Gaussian random method, and was terminated when the size of a random vector became sufficiently smaller. The random-search method for automatic light control of AMOLED inspection showed 0.6% difference in the image index between the equal-step search and the proposed method. However the number of iterations in the proposed method was 22 but that of the combinations was 20484.
光照是机器视觉系统的重要因素之一,在检测过程中,光照的优化是获得高质量图像的关键。提出了一种基于随机搜索的有源矩阵有机发光二极管(AMOLED)面板检测光色和光强优化方法。由于AMOLED的表面状况,线扫描相机获得的原始图像亮度均匀性较低。对图像的亮度偏差进行了校正,以增加均匀性。采用一种图像指数,即Tenenbaum梯度,对校正后的图像质量进行评价。随机搜索方法切换色源的调光水平,直到获得更好的图像索引。随机搜索是为一个多维向量制定的,用于任意数量的颜色源。本研究中的随机值采用高斯随机方法生成,当随机向量的大小足够小时终止。AMOLED检测自动光控随机搜索方法与等步搜索方法的图像指数差异为0.6%。然而,该方法的迭代次数为22次,而组合的迭代次数为20484次。
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引用次数: 0
Optimized configuration of a tactile sensor system for flexible grippers 柔性抓手触觉传感系统的优化配置
S. Zug, Veit Müller, M. Seidel, Pascal Krenckel
Autonomous grasping operations in dynamical environments are key elements of solutions for Factory-of-the-Future scenarios. The manipulator has to cope with a broad variety of objects with different shapes, materials and uncertain poses but at the same time it should provide reliable grasping and placement operations. Within this context, tactile sensors mounted directly on the grippers are a promising solution for monitoring the grasping process. They operate independently from light or line of sight configurations, thus offer a new object detection modality, besides optical-based systems. We receive an imprint of the grasped object with a spatial resolution according to the sensor pattern. However, in case of grippers with a flexible structure and material, this method generates spurious measurements if the gripper is deformed during a manipulation process. This effect disturbs the evaluation of the gripper's state or object position. In this paper, we develop the specification of a tailored tactile sensor configuration able to handle gripper deformations. Based on the results we present a proof-of-concept implementation.
动态环境中的自主抓取操作是未来工厂场景解决方案的关键要素。机械手必须处理各种形状、材料和姿态不确定的物体,同时还必须提供可靠的抓取和放置操作。在这种情况下,直接安装在抓取器上的触觉传感器是一种很有前途的解决方案,可以监测抓取过程。它们独立于光或视线配置,因此提供了一种新的目标检测方式,除了基于光学系统。根据传感器模式,我们接收到被抓物体的空间分辨率的印记。然而,对于具有柔性结构和材料的夹持器,如果夹持器在操作过程中变形,则该方法会产生虚假测量。这种影响会干扰对夹持器状态或物体位置的评估。在本文中,我们开发了一种定制的触觉传感器配置规格,能够处理抓手变形。基于结果,我们提出了一个概念验证实现。
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引用次数: 1
Wireless network performance evaluation for networked robots 网络化机器人无线网络性能评价
Insaf Sassi, Alexia Gouin, J. Thiriet
The integration of the wireless network into the control loop of Networked Control Systems NCSs, given the stochastic behavior of wireless communication, can degrade the system performance i.e, its Quality of Control (QoC). It is necessary to study the implications of the communication constraints because control systems need a perfect communication medium. The performance of wireless network and its Quality of Service (QoS) must thus be analyzed in order to guarantee a good QoC. The present paper proposes an analysis of QoS performance metrics for networked systems (networked robots) using an analytic model based on Markov chain theory. The Markov model describes the IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) for periodic round trip traffic of Wireless Networked Control System (WNCS).
考虑到无线通信的随机特性,将无线网络集成到网络控制系统的控制回路中会降低系统的性能,即控制质量。由于控制系统需要一个完善的通信媒介,因此有必要研究通信约束的含义。因此,必须对无线网络的性能及其服务质量(QoS)进行分析,以保证良好的服务质量。本文提出了一种基于马尔可夫链理论的分析模型来分析网络化系统(网络化机器人)的QoS性能指标。基于Markov模型的IEEE 802.11分布式协调函数(DCF)用于无线网络控制系统(WNCS)的周期性往返通信。
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引用次数: 3
A concept for PLC hardware-in-the-loop testing using an extension of structured text 使用结构化文本扩展的PLC硬件在环测试的概念
David Thönnessen, Niklas Reinker, Stefan Rakel, S. Kowalewski
Hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) Simulation is a powerful method to reduce the risk of system failures leading to expensive damages. Many existing HiL tools require the tester to use proprietary test specification languages, usually unknown to the domain of a PLC programmer. This work presents a novel approach of HiL test specification using programming languages specified by IEC 61131-3. By doing this, PLC programmers are able to specify test cases in the domain they are already familiar with.
硬件在环仿真(HiL)是一种有效的方法来降低系统故障的风险,从而导致昂贵的损失。许多现有的HiL工具要求测试人员使用专有的测试规范语言,这些语言通常是PLC程序员所不知道的。本文提出了一种使用IEC 61131-3规定的编程语言编写HiL测试规范的新方法。通过这样做,PLC程序员能够在他们已经熟悉的领域中指定测试用例。
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引用次数: 3
Model-based maintenance scheduling in flexible modular automation systems 柔性模块化自动化系统中基于模型的维护调度
Deepak Pal, J. Vain, S. Srinivasan, S. Ramaswamy
Industry 4.0 aims at highly flexible and digitized model of industrial production that is smarter and more reliable than the current possibilities. This requires vertical integration of different operations in a manufacturing to promote reconfigurable smart factory. This investigation proposes a method to schedule maintenance operations using formal methods considering power balance and production constraints in process industries. First, we provide an optimization model for scheduling maintenance and operation along production schedules. Second, we use timed model checking to schedule maintenance considering various physical and operating constraints. Third, we illustrate the method in a smart aluminium factory. The main contribution of this investigation is the integration of optimization models and formal methods in one framework, which leads to verified production/maintenance schedules and contributes to the objectives of Industry 4.0.
工业4.0的目标是高度灵活和数字化的工业生产模式,比目前的可能性更智能,更可靠。这需要垂直整合制造中的不同操作,以促进可重构的智能工厂。本研究提出了一种方法来安排维修操作使用正式的方法考虑功率平衡和生产限制在过程工业。首先,我们提出了一个按照生产计划安排维修和运行的优化模型。其次,考虑到各种物理和操作约束,我们使用定时模型检查来安排维护。第三,我们以一个智能铝厂为例说明了该方法。该研究的主要贡献是将优化模型和正式方法集成在一个框架中,从而产生验证的生产/维护计划,并有助于实现工业4.0的目标。
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引用次数: 2
Practical safe, secure and reliable machine-to-machine connectivity for cyber-physical-production systems 用于网络物理生产系统的实用、安全、可靠的机器对机器连接
Christoph Schmittner, Zhendong Ma, Thomas Ruprechter, Andreas Aldrian
Production systems are undergoing transitions towards cyber-physical production systems (CpPS), combining production devices with smart devices and interconnecting systems with outside networks, often referred to as Industry4.0 or smart manufacturing. This paper presents an engine testing systems in a real world industry setting and remote and predictive maintenance as a usage scenario, in which we discuss different designs for safe, secure and reliable Machine-to-Machine connectivity for CPPS. The chosen design is discussed in detail and an outlook of further applications is presented.
生产系统正在向网络物理生产系统(CpPS)过渡,将生产设备与智能设备相结合,并将系统与外部网络互连,通常被称为工业4.0或智能制造。本文以现实工业环境中的发动机测试系统以及远程和预测性维护为使用场景,讨论了用于CPPS的安全、可靠和可靠的机器对机器连接的不同设计。对所选择的设计进行了详细的讨论,并对进一步的应用进行了展望。
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引用次数: 3
Real-time ethernet solutions supporting ring topology from an avionics perspective: A short survey 从航空电子角度支持环形拓扑的实时以太网解决方案:简短调查
A. Mifdaoui, Ahmed Amari
To cope with the increasing quantity of wires, thus the weight and integration costs in avionics, an implementation of a new avionics communication architecture with less cables will clearly improve the efficiency of aircraft, while reducing the deployment costs. Furthermore, such a communication architecture shall be efficient to meet the design requirements, in terms of predictability and availability, for the least amount of money. Therefore, the AFDX compatibility, a minimized (re)-configuration effort and costs are among the most important issues to guarantee. On the other hand, the recent research effort towards defining new communication solutions, to guarantee a high availability level with limited cabling complexity for realtime applications, has renewed the interest in ring topology. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is benchmarking the most relevant solutions, based on Ethernet technology and supporting ring topology, vs avionics requirements, and we particularly focus on the main Performance Indicators, specified in IEC 61784-2, of each one of them.
为了应对不断增加的电线数量,从而增加航空电子设备的重量和集成成本,采用更少电缆的新型航空电子通信架构将明显提高飞机的效率,同时降低部署成本。此外,这样的通信架构应该以最少的资金,在可预测性和可用性方面有效地满足设计要求。因此,AFDX兼容性、最小化(重新)配置工作量和成本是需要保证的最重要的问题之一。另一方面,最近对定义新的通信解决方案的研究工作,以保证实时应用的高可用性水平和有限的布线复杂性,重新引起了对环拓扑的兴趣。因此,本文的主要目标是对基于以太网技术和支持环形拓扑的最相关解决方案与航空电子设备要求进行基准测试,我们特别关注IEC 61784-2中规定的每个解决方案的主要性能指标。
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引用次数: 4
Methodology for holistic assessment of dependability in wireless automation 无线自动化可靠性整体评估方法
S. Willmann, M. Krätzig, L. Rauchhaupt
This paper is dedicated to the growing role of dependability assessment for wireless networks in industrial automation systems in particular with respect to future flexible production processes. First an overview is given over definitions of dependability and its parameters. Terms are classified in order to derive the key terms for wireless communication with respect to automation applications. Dependability parameters for assets of wireless communication are discussed. Relevant dependability parameters including an up state function (USF) is proposed. The USF can be used in order to assess the dependability of complex wireless automation applications independent of wireless technology. The use of the USF is demonstrated with exemplary measurements of a wireless LAN system.
本文致力于无线网络可靠性评估在工业自动化系统中的日益重要的作用,特别是在未来灵活的生产过程中。首先概述了可靠性及其参数的定义。对术语进行分类是为了得出关于自动化应用的无线通信的关键术语。讨论了无线通信资产的可靠性参数。提出了包括上状态函数(USF)在内的相关可靠性参数。USF可用于评估独立于无线技术的复杂无线自动化应用的可靠性。USF的使用通过无线局域网系统的示例性测量进行了演示。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2017 22nd IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)
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