Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502479
Julius Pfrommer, A. Ebner, S. Ravikumar, B. Karunakaran
OPC UA is a client-server communication protocol for industrial use cases without hard realtime requirements. The new PubSub extension of OPC UA adds the possibility of many-to-many communication based on the Publish / Subscribe paradigm. In conjunction with the upcoming Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) extensions of Ethernet, OPC UA Pub Sub aims to also cover time-deterministic connectivity. This poses requirements to OPC UA implementations that have traditionally not been regarded. We propose an approach to combine non-realtime OPCUA servers with realtime OPC UA Pub Sub where both can access a shared information model without the loss of realtime guarantees for the publisher. As a result, the publisher can be run inside a (hardware-triggered) interrupt to ensure short delays and small jitter. An open source implementation of OPC UA Pub Sub is provided based on the open62541 SDK. This is also the basis for measurements used to evaluate the potential of the technology.
OPC UA是一种客户端-服务器通信协议，适用于没有硬性实时需求的工业用例。OPC UA的新PubSub扩展增加了基于发布/订阅范式的多对多通信的可能性。与即将到来的以太网时间敏感网络(TSN)扩展相结合，OPC UA Pub Sub旨在覆盖时间确定性连接。这对OPC UA实现提出了传统上不被重视的要求。我们提出了一种将非实时OPCUA服务器与实时OPCUA Pub Sub相结合的方法，在这种方法中，两者都可以访问共享的信息模型，而不会失去对发布者的实时性保证。因此，发布者可以在(硬件触发的)中断中运行，以确保较短的延迟和较小的抖动。基于open62541 SDK提供了OPC UA Pub Sub的开源实现。这也是用于评估该技术潜力的测量的基础。
{"title":"Open Source OPC UA PubSub Over TSN for Realtime Industrial Communication","authors":"Julius Pfrommer, A. Ebner, S. Ravikumar, B. Karunakaran","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502479","url":null,"abstract":"OPC UA is a client-server communication protocol for industrial use cases without hard realtime requirements. The new PubSub extension of OPC UA adds the possibility of many-to-many communication based on the Publish / Subscribe paradigm. In conjunction with the upcoming Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) extensions of Ethernet, OPC UA Pub Sub aims to also cover time-deterministic connectivity. This poses requirements to OPC UA implementations that have traditionally not been regarded. We propose an approach to combine non-realtime OPCUA servers with realtime OPC UA Pub Sub where both can access a shared information model without the loss of realtime guarantees for the publisher. As a result, the publisher can be run inside a (hardware-triggered) interrupt to ensure short delays and small jitter. An open source implementation of OPC UA Pub Sub is provided based on the open62541 SDK. This is also the basis for measurements used to evaluate the potential of the technology.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"10 1","pages":"1087-1090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87322293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502523
Aakash Soni, Xiaoting Li, Jean-Luc Scharbarg, C. Fraboul
In order to handle mixed criticality flows in a realtime embedded network, switched Ethernet with Quality of Service (QoS) facilities has become a popular solution. Deficit Round Robin (DRR) is such a QoS facility. Worst-Case Traversal Time (WCTT) analysis is mandatory for such systems, in order to ensure that end-to-end delay constraints are met. Network Calculus is a classical approach to achieve this WCTT analysis. A solution has been proposed for switched Ethernet with DRR. It computes pessimistic upper bounds on end-to-end latencies. This pessimism is partly due to the fact that the scheduling of flows by end systems is not considered in the analysis. This scheduling can be modeled by offsets between flows. This modeling has been integrated in WCTT analysis of switched Ethernet with First In First Out (FIFO) scheduling. It leads to a significant reduction of delay upper bounds. The contribution of this paper is to integrate the offsets in the WCTT analysis for switched Ethernet with DRR and to evaluate the reduction on delay upper bounds, considering a realistic case study.
{"title":"Integrating Offset in Worst Case Delay Analysis of Switched Ethernet Network With Deficit Round Robbin","authors":"Aakash Soni, Xiaoting Li, Jean-Luc Scharbarg, C. Fraboul","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502523","url":null,"abstract":"In order to handle mixed criticality flows in a realtime embedded network, switched Ethernet with Quality of Service (QoS) facilities has become a popular solution. Deficit Round Robin (DRR) is such a QoS facility. Worst-Case Traversal Time (WCTT) analysis is mandatory for such systems, in order to ensure that end-to-end delay constraints are met. Network Calculus is a classical approach to achieve this WCTT analysis. A solution has been proposed for switched Ethernet with DRR. It computes pessimistic upper bounds on end-to-end latencies. This pessimism is partly due to the fact that the scheduling of flows by end systems is not considered in the analysis. This scheduling can be modeled by offsets between flows. This modeling has been integrated in WCTT analysis of switched Ethernet with First In First Out (FIFO) scheduling. It leads to a significant reduction of delay upper bounds. The contribution of this paper is to integrate the offsets in the WCTT analysis for switched Ethernet with DRR and to evaluate the reduction on delay upper bounds, considering a realistic case study.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"24 1","pages":"353-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85678051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502469
Sitong Xu, W. Lu, Xiang Li, Kee Jin Lee
Modern manufacturing processes are often characterized by high dimensionality and nonlinearity; dimension reduction is usually required to identify the critical features and help improve the process yield. Dimension reduction and analysis of data with high nonlinearity has been a challenging task. Many methods have been proposed based on manifold learning, which aims to learn a lower-dimensional manifold from the original high-dimensional space. However, since the mappings are usually implicit, it is difficult to build a connection between the classification results and the original features. Apart from the prediction results, industry data analysis also focus on the features themselves. Therefore, methods that are able to combine feature selection with dimension reduction is often needed. This paper proposed a hybrid method for nonlinear dimension reduction and feature selection based on Locally Linear Embedding (LLE). LLE and many filter feature selection shares a common procedure of neighbor search. By integrating nearest neighbor search for both LLE and ReliefF, and adjusting the distance measure in supervised LLE with results from feature selection, the proposed method could connect the feature selection process with the nonlinear model, extract the critical features for further analysis, and improve the performance of process modelling. Two dataset from real industry processes are also illustrated as case studies.
{"title":"Advanced LLE Method for Dimension Reduction using Nonlinear Manufacturing Data","authors":"Sitong Xu, W. Lu, Xiang Li, Kee Jin Lee","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502469","url":null,"abstract":"Modern manufacturing processes are often characterized by high dimensionality and nonlinearity; dimension reduction is usually required to identify the critical features and help improve the process yield. Dimension reduction and analysis of data with high nonlinearity has been a challenging task. Many methods have been proposed based on manifold learning, which aims to learn a lower-dimensional manifold from the original high-dimensional space. However, since the mappings are usually implicit, it is difficult to build a connection between the classification results and the original features. Apart from the prediction results, industry data analysis also focus on the features themselves. Therefore, methods that are able to combine feature selection with dimension reduction is often needed. This paper proposed a hybrid method for nonlinear dimension reduction and feature selection based on Locally Linear Embedding (LLE). LLE and many filter feature selection shares a common procedure of neighbor search. By integrating nearest neighbor search for both LLE and ReliefF, and adjusting the distance measure in supervised LLE with results from feature selection, the proposed method could connect the feature selection process with the nonlinear model, extract the critical features for further analysis, and improve the performance of process modelling. Two dataset from real industry processes are also illustrated as case studies.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"79 1","pages":"395-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73852770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502636
G. Cena, S. Scanzio, A. Valenzano
Applying link-level seamless redundancy to Wi-Fi noticeably ameliorates communication quality, but also doubles spectrum consumption. The adoption of mechanisms, operating at runtime, aimed at preventing the transmission on air of inessential frame copies, permits to lower the generated traffic tangibly and also improves behavior further. In this paper, a prototype setup is described, based on redundant Wi-Fi, which carries out reactive duplication avoidance completely in software. This makes it mostly independent from wireless adapters hardware. An experimental evaluation of its performance showed that, although implementation is preliminary, this solution is able to outperform plain seamless redundancy.
{"title":"A Prototype Implementation of Wi-Fi Seamless Redundancy with Reactive Duplication Avoidance","authors":"G. Cena, S. Scanzio, A. Valenzano","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502636","url":null,"abstract":"Applying link-level seamless redundancy to Wi-Fi noticeably ameliorates communication quality, but also doubles spectrum consumption. The adoption of mechanisms, operating at runtime, aimed at preventing the transmission on air of inessential frame copies, permits to lower the generated traffic tangibly and also improves behavior further. In this paper, a prototype setup is described, based on redundant Wi-Fi, which carries out reactive duplication avoidance completely in software. This makes it mostly independent from wireless adapters hardware. An experimental evaluation of its performance showed that, although implementation is preliminary, this solution is able to outperform plain seamless redundancy.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72971941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502653
A. S. Nezhad, J. Lukkien, R. H. Mak
Embedded systems are a class of computer systems that are typically characterized by a tight interaction with the physical environment. Various methodologies have been adopted for the development of such systems, ranging from traditional waterfall to modern agile techniques. One of the agile techniques that has recently attracted increasing attention is Behavior-Driven Development (BDD). BDD promotes the engagement of all stakeholders in every development iteration to minimize the misunderstanding between technical and non-technical stakeholders and, consequently, to speed up the development process and lower the costs. In this paper, we investigate the application of BDD to the development of embedded systems, especially focusing on the testing of timing requirements for real-time embedded software. In particular, we extend BDD with time-related concepts and propose an approach to generate test code for the verification of timing behavior of real-time embedded systems. Our approach offers more automation for the development of test code compared to existing BDD tools, thus minimizing the risk of timing faults and reducing development costs and time-to-market.
{"title":"Behavior-driven Development for Real-time Embedded Systems","authors":"A. S. Nezhad, J. Lukkien, R. H. Mak","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502653","url":null,"abstract":"Embedded systems are a class of computer systems that are typically characterized by a tight interaction with the physical environment. Various methodologies have been adopted for the development of such systems, ranging from traditional waterfall to modern agile techniques. One of the agile techniques that has recently attracted increasing attention is Behavior-Driven Development (BDD). BDD promotes the engagement of all stakeholders in every development iteration to minimize the misunderstanding between technical and non-technical stakeholders and, consequently, to speed up the development process and lower the costs. In this paper, we investigate the application of BDD to the development of embedded systems, especially focusing on the testing of timing requirements for real-time embedded software. In particular, we extend BDD with time-related concepts and propose an approach to generate test code for the verification of timing behavior of real-time embedded systems. Our approach offers more automation for the development of test code compared to existing BDD tools, thus minimizing the risk of timing faults and reducing development costs and time-to-market.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"35 1","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74307628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502629
A. Grau-Saldes, Y. Bolea, Ana Puig-Pey, A. Sanfeliu, J. Casanovas
The objective of this paper is to explain novel sustainable robotics solutions for cities. Those new proposals appear under the ECHORD++ project which is a good tool to meet academia and industry with the objective of providing innovative technological solutions. In this paper, authors explain the tool as well as the methodology to promote robotics research in urban environments, and the on-going experience will demonstrate that huge advances are made in this field.
{"title":"Sustainable Robotics Solutions in Smart Cities. The Challenge of the ECHORD++ Project","authors":"A. Grau-Saldes, Y. Bolea, Ana Puig-Pey, A. Sanfeliu, J. Casanovas","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502629","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to explain novel sustainable robotics solutions for cities. Those new proposals appear under the ECHORD++ project which is a good tool to meet academia and industry with the objective of providing innovative technological solutions. In this paper, authors explain the tool as well as the methodology to promote robotics research in urban environments, and the on-going experience will demonstrate that huge advances are made in this field.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1291-1296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77237991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502519
Peng Li, O. Niggemann
Integrating data analysis into workflows is a recent tendency in manufacturing sectors. According to the vision of Industry 4.0, data analysis can be automatically performed at any point of workflows if needed. In distributed and complex manufacturing systems, checking the integrity of data analysis processes is becoming more and more challenging and the dependency between (intermediate) analysis results is no more easy to understand for users involved in workflows. Therefore, a mechanism is desired, which is able to assist users in tracking and verifying distributed data analysis processes. In this paper, we extend the concept “data provenance” in the manufacturing domain to acquire information about the data origin and data changes. Furthermore, an architecture is proposed to manage provenance of process data, in which the data provenance is considered as annotation of process data. Different use cases are also given to show how data provenance can have impact on understanding and verifying data analysis processes in the manufacturing domain.
{"title":"A Data Provenance based Architecture to Enhance the Reliability of Data Analysis for Industry 4.0","authors":"Peng Li, O. Niggemann","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502519","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating data analysis into workflows is a recent tendency in manufacturing sectors. According to the vision of Industry 4.0, data analysis can be automatically performed at any point of workflows if needed. In distributed and complex manufacturing systems, checking the integrity of data analysis processes is becoming more and more challenging and the dependency between (intermediate) analysis results is no more easy to understand for users involved in workflows. Therefore, a mechanism is desired, which is able to assist users in tracking and verifying distributed data analysis processes. In this paper, we extend the concept “data provenance” in the manufacturing domain to acquire information about the data origin and data changes. Furthermore, an architecture is proposed to manage provenance of process data, in which the data provenance is considered as annotation of process data. Different use cases are also given to show how data provenance can have impact on understanding and verifying data analysis processes in the manufacturing domain.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"2 1","pages":"1375-1382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77567230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502500
Carlos Neves, U. Moreno, A. Boava
Many technological areas have been affected by the appearance of the internet of Things (IoT). This phenomenon is happening because applications such as smart cities, smart grids, smart buildings, smart homes, industry, transportation, healthcare and surveillance are being adapted to a new paradigm for adaptability, modularity, heterogeneity, scalability, optimization and decentralization. In this sense, several IoT architectures are being proposed for the applications that are inserted in this new technological development, with the most recent approaches being based on the Software Defined Network (SDN). Therefore, to follow this technological development, there is a need to implement the applications of control systems in this new scenario, which imposes challenges to be overcome, such as nondeterministic networks, latency, jitter, bandwidth, packet loss and interoperability. The focus of this work is on how to combine Distributed Networked Control Systems (DNCS) and IoT to meet this new technological context. However, the first step to be taken is to define the topology of IoT-based Networked Control Systems (IoT-DNCS), then develop a suitable system architecture to make control systems via the Internet of Things possible. Therefore, this article aims to propose a problem formulation and a simple and general architecture for IoT-DNCS, specifying the function of each element of the system according to the topology of the problem, and the organization of them to implement the control loops between sensors, controllers and actuators. The architecture proposed in this paper serves as a starting point for studies on new strategies and structures for network and feedback control systems.
{"title":"IoT-Based Distributed Networked Control Systems Architecture","authors":"Carlos Neves, U. Moreno, A. Boava","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502500","url":null,"abstract":"Many technological areas have been affected by the appearance of the internet of Things (IoT). This phenomenon is happening because applications such as smart cities, smart grids, smart buildings, smart homes, industry, transportation, healthcare and surveillance are being adapted to a new paradigm for adaptability, modularity, heterogeneity, scalability, optimization and decentralization. In this sense, several IoT architectures are being proposed for the applications that are inserted in this new technological development, with the most recent approaches being based on the Software Defined Network (SDN). Therefore, to follow this technological development, there is a need to implement the applications of control systems in this new scenario, which imposes challenges to be overcome, such as nondeterministic networks, latency, jitter, bandwidth, packet loss and interoperability. The focus of this work is on how to combine Distributed Networked Control Systems (DNCS) and IoT to meet this new technological context. However, the first step to be taken is to define the topology of IoT-based Networked Control Systems (IoT-DNCS), then develop a suitable system architecture to make control systems via the Internet of Things possible. Therefore, this article aims to propose a problem formulation and a simple and general architecture for IoT-DNCS, specifying the function of each element of the system according to the topology of the problem, and the organization of them to implement the control loops between sensors, controllers and actuators. The architecture proposed in this paper serves as a starting point for studies on new strategies and structures for network and feedback control systems.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"150 1","pages":"991-998"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76414011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502597
Alexander Gogolev, Francisco Mendoza, Roland Braun
The paradigm of “Industry 4.0” suggests that industrial automation systems will converge towards unified and standardized solutions. The concept of Industrial IoT, in turn, drives to interconnect them via deterministic networking. The alliance of these concepts promises to simplify the integration and management of complex multi-vendor automation systems. This paper investigates the emergence of the former aspect, namely - field device integration with the embedded OPC UA over TSN, using already available products.
{"title":"TSN-Enabled OPC UA in Field Devices","authors":"Alexander Gogolev, Francisco Mendoza, Roland Braun","doi":"10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2018.8502597","url":null,"abstract":"The paradigm of “Industry 4.0” suggests that industrial automation systems will converge towards unified and standardized solutions. The concept of Industrial IoT, in turn, drives to interconnect them via deterministic networking. The alliance of these concepts promises to simplify the integration and management of complex multi-vendor automation systems. This paper investigates the emergence of the former aspect, namely - field device integration with the embedded OPC UA over TSN, using already available products.","PeriodicalId":6566,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","volume":"166 1","pages":"297-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76760636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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