Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440267
Kelvin Pettit, D. Bowman, A. Smit, Alexandr Stinskiy
This new protection function was first presented at Georgia Tech in 2012. This paper will discuss how this new approach using a differential type protection schemes on automated distribution feeders performed over a 6 year period. The paper will discuss in detail a number of field operations. The paper will provide detailed information of all considerations that was implemented as part of the protection function to ensure dependable performance. At A&N Electrical a two source loop feeder system and at Wake Electrical a mesh connected 3 source feeder system provided the field operation content that for this paper. This new approach is important as current methods using time coordinated over current curves present real challenges for protection engineers to overcome. This will become more of an issue as Distributed Generation perpetration increase on the distribution system. An Automated Distribution Feeder with an ever changing topology and or power source, required true adaptive protection systems to ensure that protection will accurately operate for all system faults. An adaptive approach can be extremely costly and complex to deploy, test and commission. Current protection systems are well suited to protect simple static feeder topologies. When a feeder system topology changes the protection system must adapt to accommodate this change. Although most protection devices today can provide up to 8 protection setting groups, the calculation of all the time coordinated curves to be implemented can become a time consuming and costly exercise. In addition all settings for all setting groups must be implemented, tested and commissioned on all devices prior to activation of the feeder adding to the implementation costs. The differential approach is immune to changes of feeder topology and provides a simple solution to complex problems.
{"title":"Report on New Differential Protection Method After 6 Years in Service","authors":"Kelvin Pettit, D. Bowman, A. Smit, Alexandr Stinskiy","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440267","url":null,"abstract":"This new protection function was first presented at Georgia Tech in 2012. This paper will discuss how this new approach using a differential type protection schemes on automated distribution feeders performed over a 6 year period. The paper will discuss in detail a number of field operations. The paper will provide detailed information of all considerations that was implemented as part of the protection function to ensure dependable performance. At A&N Electrical a two source loop feeder system and at Wake Electrical a mesh connected 3 source feeder system provided the field operation content that for this paper. This new approach is important as current methods using time coordinated over current curves present real challenges for protection engineers to overcome. This will become more of an issue as Distributed Generation perpetration increase on the distribution system. An Automated Distribution Feeder with an ever changing topology and or power source, required true adaptive protection systems to ensure that protection will accurately operate for all system faults. An adaptive approach can be extremely costly and complex to deploy, test and commission. Current protection systems are well suited to protect simple static feeder topologies. When a feeder system topology changes the protection system must adapt to accommodate this change. Although most protection devices today can provide up to 8 protection setting groups, the calculation of all the time coordinated curves to be implemented can become a time consuming and costly exercise. In addition all settings for all setting groups must be implemented, tested and commissioned on all devices prior to activation of the feeder adding to the implementation costs. The differential approach is immune to changes of feeder topology and provides a simple solution to complex problems.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84845295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440485
J. Wang, X. Zhu, D. Lubkeman, N. Lu, N. Samaan, B. Werts
This paper focuses on developing load aggregation methodologies for analyzing quasi-static power flows on high photovoltaic penetrated distribution feeders so statistics of the transformer loading levels, voltage ramping events, and voltage violation events can be properly quantified. A load profile aggregation algorithm is presented to construct 24-hour, minute-by-minute load profiles at each load node on the test feeder so the aggregation of those load profiles matches the load profile measured at the feeder head. A quasi-static power flow analyses are conducted to obtain minute-by-minute power flow results that can be used to quantify transformer overloads and voltage issues in distribution systems. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology, the IEEE-123 test feeder model and residential load profiles collected from the PECAN street project are used in the case studies. Simulation results show that the method is effective in producing the required operation statistics.
{"title":"Load Aggregation Methods for Quasi-Static Power Flow Analysis on High PV Penetration Feeders","authors":"J. Wang, X. Zhu, D. Lubkeman, N. Lu, N. Samaan, B. Werts","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440485","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on developing load aggregation methodologies for analyzing quasi-static power flows on high photovoltaic penetrated distribution feeders so statistics of the transformer loading levels, voltage ramping events, and voltage violation events can be properly quantified. A load profile aggregation algorithm is presented to construct 24-hour, minute-by-minute load profiles at each load node on the test feeder so the aggregation of those load profiles matches the load profile measured at the feeder head. A quasi-static power flow analyses are conducted to obtain minute-by-minute power flow results that can be used to quantify transformer overloads and voltage issues in distribution systems. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology, the IEEE-123 test feeder model and residential load profiles collected from the PECAN street project are used in the case studies. Simulation results show that the method is effective in producing the required operation statistics.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"125 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77168465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440429
Avishek Paul, G. Joós, I. Kamwa
An improved dynamic state estimation (DSE) scheme is presented in this paper that estimates the states of generator as well as exciter field voltage and output mechanical torque from governor. Using the phasor measurement unit (PMU) signal connected to the nearest bus from generator, state variables of generators and controllers are estimated using Extended-Kalman filter (EKF) formulation. Also the overall model order for estimator has been kept at minimal while detailed model have been considered in simulation. Furthermore no assumptions have been made about exciter and governor model structure or parameters. Simulations have been performed on the benchmark New England test system which demonstrates the enhanced estimation performance of proposed technique.
{"title":"Dynamic State Estimation of Full Power Plant Model from Terminal Phasor Measurements","authors":"Avishek Paul, G. Joós, I. Kamwa","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440429","url":null,"abstract":"An improved dynamic state estimation (DSE) scheme is presented in this paper that estimates the states of generator as well as exciter field voltage and output mechanical torque from governor. Using the phasor measurement unit (PMU) signal connected to the nearest bus from generator, state variables of generators and controllers are estimated using Extended-Kalman filter (EKF) formulation. Also the overall model order for estimator has been kept at minimal while detailed model have been considered in simulation. Furthermore no assumptions have been made about exciter and governor model structure or parameters. Simulations have been performed on the benchmark New England test system which demonstrates the enhanced estimation performance of proposed technique.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"46 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91346495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440416
Xiaoguang Ma, Wei Huang
With the development of modern communication technologies and new communication protocols, e.g., the seamless redundancy protocol HSR/PRP, the IEEE 1588v2 (PTP), and IEC 61850, the communication network plays a more important role in current relay applications, such as the automatic transfer switch (ATS) application, the communication-assisted protection schemes and the sample measurement values (SMV). Therefore setting up and maintaining reliable Substation Communication Networks (SCN) becomes a critical issue for the grid operator. This paper introduces the process of maintaining and inspecting the communication baseline of the SCN to help to prevent communication failure, detecting intrusion and expediting troubleshooting. In this paper, the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is employed. The requirement of basic understanding of Ethernet protocols (e.g. ICMP, TCP and IP), commands (e.g. ping, tracert) and hardware and software tools (e.g. the nTAP and the Wireshark) is also discussed.
{"title":"Introduction to Baselining the Ethernet Traffic of Substation Communication Networks","authors":"Xiaoguang Ma, Wei Huang","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440416","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of modern communication technologies and new communication protocols, e.g., the seamless redundancy protocol HSR/PRP, the IEEE 1588v2 (PTP), and IEC 61850, the communication network plays a more important role in current relay applications, such as the automatic transfer switch (ATS) application, the communication-assisted protection schemes and the sample measurement values (SMV). Therefore setting up and maintaining reliable Substation Communication Networks (SCN) becomes a critical issue for the grid operator. This paper introduces the process of maintaining and inspecting the communication baseline of the SCN to help to prevent communication failure, detecting intrusion and expediting troubleshooting. In this paper, the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is employed. The requirement of basic understanding of Ethernet protocols (e.g. ICMP, TCP and IP), commands (e.g. ping, tracert) and hardware and software tools (e.g. the nTAP and the Wireshark) is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90624706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440333
E. Reihani, Alireza Eshraghi, Mahdi Motalleb, S. Jafarzadeh
One of the potential problems with increasing renewable generation in microgrid is frequency regulation. Due to high variability of renewable generation resources, the imbalance between load and generation may lead to instability of the system. Since the microgrid can not compensate the power imbalance from the main grid, demand response in general and battery storage system specifically, can contribute in frequency regulation of microgrid. Conventional generator regulates the frequency with load frequency control (LFC) loop. Batteries connected to inverters can also contribute in regulating the frequency with the embedded frequency-watt control curve in inverter. In this paper, distributed battery storage systems are utilized to correct a given frequency deviation in the microgrid. The battery contribution is analyzed in centralized and decentralized environments. The optimal value of droop of distributed batteries are obtained and the small signal stability of the system is investigated.
{"title":"Frquency Regulation of Microgrid with Battery Droop Control","authors":"E. Reihani, Alireza Eshraghi, Mahdi Motalleb, S. Jafarzadeh","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440333","url":null,"abstract":"One of the potential problems with increasing renewable generation in microgrid is frequency regulation. Due to high variability of renewable generation resources, the imbalance between load and generation may lead to instability of the system. Since the microgrid can not compensate the power imbalance from the main grid, demand response in general and battery storage system specifically, can contribute in frequency regulation of microgrid. Conventional generator regulates the frequency with load frequency control (LFC) loop. Batteries connected to inverters can also contribute in regulating the frequency with the embedded frequency-watt control curve in inverter. In this paper, distributed battery storage systems are utilized to correct a given frequency deviation in the microgrid. The battery contribution is analyzed in centralized and decentralized environments. The optimal value of droop of distributed batteries are obtained and the small signal stability of the system is investigated.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73630267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440409
Gordon Baker, Cody Davis, B. Temple
Overhead Transmission and Distribution lines are designed to convey electrical power across vast regions. Key to their long-term design and safe operation is the ampacity rating that dictates the upper operational temperature the line is designed to handle. Incorrect line ampacity rating modelling parameters can result in the conductor operating at a much higher temperature than predicted and introduce a Temperature Risk condition where electrical line clearance is severely violated, as well as causing physical and thermal degradation to both the conductor and associated hardware. Using an Engineered Surface Coating enables the use of prescribed values for emissivity and absorptivity throughout the life of the conductor, working to mitigate the possibility of a Temperature Risk condition. This paper provides example calculations and field results that show the effectiveness of an Engineered Surface Coating material in use in North America.
{"title":"Mitigating Overhead Conductor Temperature Risk with Engineered Surface Coatings","authors":"Gordon Baker, Cody Davis, B. Temple","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440409","url":null,"abstract":"Overhead Transmission and Distribution lines are designed to convey electrical power across vast regions. Key to their long-term design and safe operation is the ampacity rating that dictates the upper operational temperature the line is designed to handle. Incorrect line ampacity rating modelling parameters can result in the conductor operating at a much higher temperature than predicted and introduce a Temperature Risk condition where electrical line clearance is severely violated, as well as causing physical and thermal degradation to both the conductor and associated hardware. Using an Engineered Surface Coating enables the use of prescribed values for emissivity and absorptivity throughout the life of the conductor, working to mitigate the possibility of a Temperature Risk condition. This paper provides example calculations and field results that show the effectiveness of an Engineered Surface Coating material in use in North America.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"189 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77373865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440291
M. Garg, Y. V. Hote, M. Pathak, L. Behera
In this paper, a proportional-integral (PI) controller is designed for the DC-DC Buck converter to regulate its output voltage in presence of load current and line voltage disturbances. The parameter of PI controller is tuned based on the stability boundary locus approach. A step-wise procedure is discussed for tuning the PI parameters to satisfy the minimum phase margin requirements. For precise control, the nonidealities of the Buck converter have been included in its mathematical model. State-space averaging technique is used to obtain the duty cycle to output voltage transfer function of the non-ideal Buck converter. Finally, the performance of the proposed controller is validated on an experimental prototype.
{"title":"An Approach for Buck Converter PI Controller Design Using Stability Boundary Locus","authors":"M. Garg, Y. V. Hote, M. Pathak, L. Behera","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440291","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a proportional-integral (PI) controller is designed for the DC-DC Buck converter to regulate its output voltage in presence of load current and line voltage disturbances. The parameter of PI controller is tuned based on the stability boundary locus approach. A step-wise procedure is discussed for tuning the PI parameters to satisfy the minimum phase margin requirements. For precise control, the nonidealities of the Buck converter have been included in its mathematical model. State-space averaging technique is used to obtain the duty cycle to output voltage transfer function of the non-ideal Buck converter. Finally, the performance of the proposed controller is validated on an experimental prototype.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"54 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78075159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440241
P.E. Richard Gutman, William Knapek
This paper describes impedance measurements conducted by American Electric Power (AEP) on a new 345 kV transmission project near Fort Wayne, Indiana, featuring an innovative high-capacity/high-efficiency compact line design trademarked BOLD™ (Breakthrough Overhead Line Design). Measurements were performed in cooperation with OMICRON Electronics Corporation (OMICRON), a provider of testing and diagnostic solutions, which developed a novel method and instrumentation employed in this application. Results revealed close agreement (1–3% difference) between the measured and analytically obtained positive-sequence impedances for the measured line. Differences in zero-sequence impedances were much larger (about 20%), reflecting the use of a generic assumption for earth resistivity in computing transmission line electrical characteristics. Accurate knowledge of line impedances can enhance the reliability of protection settings, thus minimizing the risk of relay misoperations. Also, it can advance the quality of power system models used in planning, engineering and operating studies, as mandated by NERC under Reliability Standard MOD-032-1.
{"title":"BOLD ™: New Line Design Meets New Impedance Measurement Method","authors":"P.E. Richard Gutman, William Knapek","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440241","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes impedance measurements conducted by American Electric Power (AEP) on a new 345 kV transmission project near Fort Wayne, Indiana, featuring an innovative high-capacity/high-efficiency compact line design trademarked BOLD™ (Breakthrough Overhead Line Design). Measurements were performed in cooperation with OMICRON Electronics Corporation (OMICRON), a provider of testing and diagnostic solutions, which developed a novel method and instrumentation employed in this application. Results revealed close agreement (1–3% difference) between the measured and analytically obtained positive-sequence impedances for the measured line. Differences in zero-sequence impedances were much larger (about 20%), reflecting the use of a generic assumption for earth resistivity in computing transmission line electrical characteristics. Accurate knowledge of line impedances can enhance the reliability of protection settings, thus minimizing the risk of relay misoperations. Also, it can advance the quality of power system models used in planning, engineering and operating studies, as mandated by NERC under Reliability Standard MOD-032-1.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76737453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440302
M. Narimani, B. Asghari, Ratnesh K. Sharma
This paper presents a method to determine optimal energy and power capacity of distributed Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in behind-the-meter applications to maximize local Photovoltaic (PV) utilization or minimize Demand Charge (DC) cost. The problem is solved as a multiobjective optimization model to obtain a set of Pareto optimal solutions for each scenario in each month. An approach is then presented to map the monthly Pareto fronts into a single yearly Pareto front. A cost benefit analysis has also been carried out to show the compromise between PV utilization, DC cost, and ESS cost.
{"title":"Optimal Sizing and Operation of Energy Storage for Demand Charge Management and PV Utilization","authors":"M. Narimani, B. Asghari, Ratnesh K. Sharma","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440302","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method to determine optimal energy and power capacity of distributed Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in behind-the-meter applications to maximize local Photovoltaic (PV) utilization or minimize Demand Charge (DC) cost. The problem is solved as a multiobjective optimization model to obtain a set of Pareto optimal solutions for each scenario in each month. An approach is then presented to map the monthly Pareto fronts into a single yearly Pareto front. A cost benefit analysis has also been carried out to show the compromise between PV utilization, DC cost, and ESS cost.","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76456386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2018.8440305
B. Pham, Christopher Huff, P.E Nick Vendittis, A. Smit, Alexandr Stinskiy, Suraj Chanda
The growing adoption of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) such as rooftop solar, onsite energy storage and electric vehicles requires power utilities to support increasing grid interconnections, and higher system reliability standards. This electrical distribution grid of the near future requires advanced distribution automation applications to provide foundational grid capabilities. These capabilities include advance Fault Detection Isolation and Restoration (FLISR) functionality. For correct and reliable grid operation, these advance distribution automation applications should consider various load restoration scenarios and significant amount of dynamically changing distributed energy recourses. These factors increase the complexity of the algorithms used by the applications and require reliable communication systems to exchange all critical information between the automation controllers in the field. To support the future distribution grid, authors believe for fast, reliable, and efficient operations such automation systems should have intelligence at the edge of the network. To achieve this goal, authors are developing a modern distribution automation control system with advanced protection and automation logic capabilities utilizing distributed intelligence architecture. As an added benefit of the distributed intelligence approach, this new automation system has a minimal impact on SCE's existing distribution, substation protection, and grid management systems. Resulting in a drop into place solution, which is interoperable with existing systems. The chosen communication system, however, ultimately defines the reliability of the entire system and its operating speed. For approximately 25 years, Southern California Edison has utilized a mesh connected radio system, called Netcom, for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), which now contains over fifty thousand nodes. This system works with sub-gigahertz frequency, thus having very good propagation and reliability. However, the radio terminals operate with serial interface utilizing the DNP3 protocol that does not support a large-scale peer-to-peer data exchange. The distributed intelligence application logic can efficiently work if multiple devices can quickly exchange fault information to make operational decisions. To achieve this, status and critical fault information from any field controller must be available to the rest of the system. In order to leverage SCE's Netcom system and perform peer-to-peer data exchange over the DNP protocol, authors developed the new DNP Router concept. The DNP Router allows a DNP based communication system to mimic a publisher-subscriber communications model by polling individual controllers in the field and sending (a.k.a. publishing) the acquired information back to assigned (a.k.a. subscribed) system components via commands. However, the legacy Netcom communication system has a number of limitations which includes packet size and bandwidth ca
{"title":"Implementing Distributed Intelligence by Utilizing DNP3 Protocol for Distribution Automation Application","authors":"B. Pham, Christopher Huff, P.E Nick Vendittis, A. Smit, Alexandr Stinskiy, Suraj Chanda","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2018.8440305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2018.8440305","url":null,"abstract":"The growing adoption of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) such as rooftop solar, onsite energy storage and electric vehicles requires power utilities to support increasing grid interconnections, and higher system reliability standards. This electrical distribution grid of the near future requires advanced distribution automation applications to provide foundational grid capabilities. These capabilities include advance Fault Detection Isolation and Restoration (FLISR) functionality. For correct and reliable grid operation, these advance distribution automation applications should consider various load restoration scenarios and significant amount of dynamically changing distributed energy recourses. These factors increase the complexity of the algorithms used by the applications and require reliable communication systems to exchange all critical information between the automation controllers in the field. To support the future distribution grid, authors believe for fast, reliable, and efficient operations such automation systems should have intelligence at the edge of the network. To achieve this goal, authors are developing a modern distribution automation control system with advanced protection and automation logic capabilities utilizing distributed intelligence architecture. As an added benefit of the distributed intelligence approach, this new automation system has a minimal impact on SCE's existing distribution, substation protection, and grid management systems. Resulting in a drop into place solution, which is interoperable with existing systems. The chosen communication system, however, ultimately defines the reliability of the entire system and its operating speed. For approximately 25 years, Southern California Edison has utilized a mesh connected radio system, called Netcom, for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), which now contains over fifty thousand nodes. This system works with sub-gigahertz frequency, thus having very good propagation and reliability. However, the radio terminals operate with serial interface utilizing the DNP3 protocol that does not support a large-scale peer-to-peer data exchange. The distributed intelligence application logic can efficiently work if multiple devices can quickly exchange fault information to make operational decisions. To achieve this, status and critical fault information from any field controller must be available to the rest of the system. In order to leverage SCE's Netcom system and perform peer-to-peer data exchange over the DNP protocol, authors developed the new DNP Router concept. The DNP Router allows a DNP based communication system to mimic a publisher-subscriber communications model by polling individual controllers in the field and sending (a.k.a. publishing) the acquired information back to assigned (a.k.a. subscribed) system components via commands. However, the legacy Netcom communication system has a number of limitations which includes packet size and bandwidth ca","PeriodicalId":6568,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D)","volume":"47 4 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82775998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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