Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry最新文献

Since the ¹³⁵Cs and ¹³⁷Cs concentration level of environmental soil in prefectures adjacent to Fukushima is low at about 5.5 × 10⁻¹⁵ − 6 × 10⁻¹³ g g⁻¹, a large amount of soil is required to obtain sufficient amount to measure them precisely. Two Cs separation methods which allow to treat large amounts of leached soil solution were developed: 1) A continuous butch extraction method using calix[4]arene-bis(t-octylbenzo-crown-6) and 2) A combination method of selective Cs adsorption using ammonium phosphotangstate and anion-cation exchange resins. These methods were applied to low Cs concentration samples, and good precision of 0.8–2.1% in the measurement of ¹³⁵Cs/¹³⁷Cs isotope ratio was obtained.

In this paper, PHREEQC software was used to calculate the saturation index of insoluble minerals, the pH boundary values of precipitated CaCO₃, and the boundary values of Ca²⁺ and HCO₃⁻ concentrations in relation to the uranium extraction process and the chemical composition of leaching in the Nalinggou uranium deposit. Based on the comparative analysis results of the mineral composition and chemical composition of the primary rock and the blockage, the formation of the blockage containing the mineral layer is mainly related to the pH-value and the corresponding ion concentration of the leaching solution, the sediment can be effectively avoided in the boundary value range.

Naturally occurring radionuclides rocks are one of the possible sources of indoor and outdoor radiation. Samples were taken from Kolar taluk in Karnataka in order to evaluate the radioactive hazards and natural radioactivity levels in those samples. The activity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K in these samples were determined using NaI(Tl) gamma ray spectroscopy. The measured ranged from 5.05 to 171.43 (Bq kg^-1); 5.04 to 274.64 (Bq kg^-1); 287.23 to 2603.45 (Bq kg^-1) for ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K. In this study, the yearly effective radiation dosage, air absorbed gamma radiation dose rate, and hazard index (H_in, H_ex), gamma index, activity utilization index, annual gonald dose equivalent were estimated. The study’s demonstrate that potassium (⁴⁰K), a naturally occurring radionuclide, is higher than radium and thorium. The levels of the computed radionuclides were compared to other places in Karnataka and world average value. The relationship between radionuclides was examined using correlation and statistical methods, radiation parameters were also computed. Information on background radioactivity levels and the impacts of radiation on locals in the research area under inquiry is what this study aims to deliver.

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy is explored for the estimation of Zr in metallic fuel and pyrochemical reprocessing stream using filter paper as a sample substrate. Zr(II) emission line at 339.20 nm has been identified and used for its quantitative determination. Calibration curves are obtained after normalizing the intensity of Zr to C/Y emission lines as an internal standard, to get better linearity. Analytical capability of LIBS for Zr estimation is tested by comparing the measured value with ICP-OES in simulated samples. Good agreement between the measured values confirms the ability of LIBS application in nuclear streams.

In this work, positron nuclide ⁸⁹Zr was introduced to verify the medical feasibility of UiO-66 as a medical nanodrug carrier via positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET–CT) imaging. A radiopharmaceutical nanodrug, DOX@⁸⁹Zr-UiO-66-PEG-FA, was well constructed through subsequent doxorubicin (DOX) encapsulation and surface PEGylation of UiO-66 nanocarrier radiolabeled with ⁸⁹Zr. Subsequently, tumoricidal effect of DOX@⁸⁹Zr-UiO-66-PEG-FA in murine breast cancer (4T1) models had been evaluated. DOX@⁸⁹Zr-UiO-66-PEG-FA has acceptable stability, excellent cargo loading rate (79.28%), pH-stimulated response property and high cancer cell binding affinity. As a result, PET–CT guided anticancer investigations reveal that DOX@⁸⁹Zr-UiO-66-PEG-FA can well suppress tumor growth with satisfactory biosafety.

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Prostate cancer is a very common and widespread health problem all over the world. It mostly metastases into bone tissues and pathogenesis become more complicated. In this study, it is aimed to explain etiopathogenesis of local and metastatic prostate cancer via untargeted metabolomics approach. The study was conducted by arranging 36 eligible patients. Their metastasis level were monitored via ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET/CT. The large load of tumor cells mostly impacted phenylalanine, tyrosine, thiamin biosynthesis, aminoacyl t-RNA production, and energy metabolism. This PET/CT assisted metabolomics approach may lead to a new perspective on the pathogenesis of high tumour burden on metastasis.

The elemental composition of twenty hot pepper (Capsicum spp. L.) collections obtained from eight distinct agroecological locations across Ghana, were assessed by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. The hot peppers fruits that were analysed contained five macroelements, Ca, Cl, K, Mg, Na, two microelements, Al, and Mn, and one trace element, Br. One collection from Volta region and three collections from the Northern region revealed elevated sodium contents in their fruits. In addition, the levels of Aluminium, Bromine, Calcium, Potassium and Sodium in fruits were found to be strongly positively correlated.

In this study, tin sulphide (SnS₂) and nickel–chromium hydrotalcite (NiCr-LDH) complexes (SnS₂/NiCr-LDH) were used for the simultaneous removal of U(VI) and humic acid (HA) from U(VI)-containing wastewater. The results showed that the adsorption of HA by the SnS₂/NiCr-LDH was greatly enhanced, which was 4.07 and 2.94 times higher than that of pure SnS₂ and NiCr-LDH, respectively, and the highest U(VI) adsorption quantity over SnS₂/NiCr-LDH increased from 127.81 to 446.68 mg g⁻¹ when HA was present. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the enhanced U(VI) adsorption on SnS₂/NiCr-LDH was facilitated by the formation of a robust inner-sphere surface complex between U(VI) and HA.

With the aim of assessing the radiological impact on public health from water consumption, tritium and gross α-β radioactivity levels were determined in tap and bottled drinking water consumed in Singapore using ultra-low level liquid scintillation counting. Tritium and gross α activities were < MDA values, while gross β activity levels varied between 0.228 and 0.258 Bq/L in tap water samples. For bottled drinking water, the activity concentrations of tritium, gross α and gross β ranged from < MDA–1.59 Bq/L, < MDA–0.437 Bq/L and < MDA–1.33 Bq/L respectively. The annual total effective doses were also estimated for both children and adults due to intake of radionuclides from consumption of tap and bottled water. Our results showed that consumption of tap and bottled water presents insignificant radiological risk to the Singapore population.

Spatio-temporal isotopic variations and the driving forces in precipitation were explored in Eurasian continent. The results showed that δ¹⁸O, d-excess and δ²H-δ¹⁸O regressions all presented pronounced spatial heterogeneities among different climate zones, with the distance to sea and the latitude identified as main geographic controls. The Mann-Kendall test revealed that significant temperature increases were observed at the majority (18/20) of the sites. However, δ¹⁸O did not universally exhibit the same upward trend (5/20 sites) as temperature although significant positive δ¹⁸O-temperature correlations existed at most (18/20) sites. The combined effects of multiple environmental factors complicated the interpretation of isotopic signals.