Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry最新文献

Radon-222 (²²²Rn) flux density in transitional urban landscapes remains poorly understood despite its health implications. This study analyzes its surface flux in Hengyang City by integrating environmental drivers through a geographical detector framework. Results demonstrate that barometric pressure, soil temperature, and salinity exert dominant influences, while vegetation and built-up areas play minor roles. Factor interactions reveal nonlinear synergies, substantially improving explanatory power. Spatial risk assessment highlights heterogeneous impacts of barometric pressure and urbanization. The study provides a novel, data-driven basis for monitoring radon flux and guiding public health protection in mixed urban–peri-urban settings.

A dynamic sensitivity analysis scheme combining the multivariate time-series prediction model and the SHAP method is designed. In this paper, the impact of meteorological features on the air absorbed dose rate is studied as an example. The results show that the overall performance indicators of the BiLSTM-Attention-L2 model are better than other models. In Guangzhou city, the air absorbed dose rate is most significantly influenced by air temperature, which has a positive contribution. In Shaoguan city, the air absorbed dose rate is primarily influenced by humidity and wind speed, with humidity having a negative contribution.

We present advancements in the one-pot neutron imaging method for investigating hydrocarbon-based liquid–gas interactions under varying pressure and temperature. Improvements in hardware enable the optimization of cell geometry and material, overall leading to reduced uncertainty in surface tension measurements. The integration of snubbers minimizes initial pressure surge, improving experimental stability. A Python-based pipeline is developed for image batch-processing, incorporating rigorous image reduction algorithms specific to the one-pot approach. This results in efficient data management and enhanced meniscus shape detection. Moreover, we provide a parametric study on chosen variables to further demonstrate the one-pot neutron imaging as a powerful tool for studying interfacial phenomena and fluid for a wide variety of applications.

The development of antibody–drug conjugates for cancer therapy has shown great potential in improving targeted treatment efficacy. This study explores the conjugation of daratumumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, with protoporphyrin IX and subsequent radiolabeling with terbium-161 (¹⁶¹Tb) for potential use as a targeted immunotherapeutic agent in multiple myeloma. The conjugation process involves stable linkage to retain the therapeutic properties of daratumumab, and ¹⁶¹Tb radiolabeling offers enhanced cytotoxicity through localized beta-emission and Auger electron effects. In vitro studies demonstrate significant inhibition of myeloma cell growth and increased apoptosis, providing a foundation for further preclinical investigation of this conjugate as a targeted radionuclide therapy in hematologic malignancies.

In this research, ²²²Rn, ²²⁶Ra and heavy metal concentrations in water samples collected from key stages of a textile manufacturing plant were measured to assess their transfer into wastewater and potential environmental impact. Results showed that the discharged effluent contained radon and radium levels below international recommended thresholds for drinking water. Heavy metal concentrations remained within regulatory limits, except for elevated Cr at the dye house outlet in winter, likely due to seasonal pigment use. Risk assessments indicated low ecological risk in both sampling seasons. Findings suggest current treatment processes effectively mitigate radiological and heavy metal contamination in textile effluents.

The Prompt Gamma-ray Activation Analysis (PGAA) technique is a highly sensitive and non-destructive approach for multi-elemental analysis based on neutron capture and prompt gamma emission. At the Moroccan TRIGA MARK II reactor, the sustained use of the PGAA system necessitates an integrated evaluation of neutron-induced activation, dose distribution, and mechanical aging of key components. In this study, detailed Monte Carlo simulations using the PHITS code were coupled with finite element mechanical modeling in COMSOL Multiphysics to assess the radiological and structural response of the steel collimator, multilayer shutter, and sapphire filter under realistic irradiation conditions. The results reveal persistent residual radioactivity within the steel collimator—dominated by long-lived isotopes such as ⁵⁵Fe and ⁵⁴Mn—while activation in the shutter remains moderate but spatially confined to steel interfaces. Dose maps exhibit pronounced axial confinement and steep radial gradients associated with localized material activation. Mechanical stress analysis identified significant elastic strain concentrations at steel–lead–Mirrobor interfaces during shutter operation, indicating potential fatigue zones. These findings provide an integrated understanding of the coupled radiological–mechanical aging mechanisms governing the long-term performance, reliability, and safety of PGAA systems, and offer a foundation for optimized design and maintenance strategies.

A single crystal CVD diamond detector was developed to explore its potential for high-resolution neutron spectroscopy of a D-T fusion source. In contrast to previous efforts, the challenge of achieving high-quality ohmic or Schottky contacts was addressed through a straightforward cleaning procedure and the use of pressure-adhered indium foil. When exposed to high-energy neutron sources, including ²⁴¹Am-Be and D-T fusion, the contacts successfully collected charge from both the ¹²C(n,n′) and ¹²C(n,α) reactions, achieving spectroscopic quality. The detector, paired with the ultra-low-noise preamplifier, provided high-resolution neutron spectra, demonstrating the viability of this approach.

Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive technique increasingly used in nuclear forensics to characterize nuclear materials outside regulatory control. This review explores its applications in investigating uranium and plutonium oxides, MOX fuels, and uranium ore concentrates. Its strengths include identifying oxidation states, crystal phases, and radiation damage. Limitations such as fluorescence and spectral degradation are discussed. The review also examines recent advancements such as LIBS integration, SERS, AI-based interpretation, and remote sensing. By bridging nuclear materials science with forensic analysis, this work critically evaluates Raman spectroscopy’s role and future potential in enhancing nuclear security and material attribution.

Using Am(III), Cm(III), Th(IV), U(IV), Np(IV), Pu(IV), Np(V), U(VI) and Pu(VI), the extraction of actinides in various valence states using a new aryl-substituted diglycolamide from nitric acid solutions was studied. In the case of solutions with moderate HNO₃ concentration, conditions for the separation of An(IV)/An(VI) and An(III)/An(VI) pairs were found. It was shown that the use of the extractant under consideration allows An(III) and An(IV) to be separated from the main fission products (with the exception of REEs). Compounds of tetravalent ([M(L)(NO₃)₃]₂O) and hexavalent ([MO₂(L)(NO₃)₂]) actinides with the new aryl-substituted diglycolamide were isolated in the crystalline form and characterised by X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy.

Sandstone-type uranium deposits are among the most significant uranium deposits in the world. Uranium mineralization has been discovered in the Dingshan area of the Junggar Basin, which is anticipated to become a new uranium ore region. The Sr, Sr/Ba, Rb/Sr, Sr/Cu, V/Cr indicate that the Wulunguhe Formation is an oxidation and freshwater deposit in an arid and torrid environment, and the lack of reducing substances is a significant factor limiting uranium mineralization. The REE, Cr/Zr, Co/Th-La/Sc, La/Th-Hf indicate that the provenance of the Wulunguhe Formation is a mixture of Silurian Devonian granite and diorite in the Altai area, under a continental island arc setting associated with the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. The uranium mineralization process in the Dingshan area can be divided into three stages: firstly, in the sedimentary stage, there is pre-enrichment of uranium during transportation and sedimentation. Secondly, in the post-sedimentary stage, carboniferous oil and gas invaded the Wulunguhe Formation along active faults, increasing the reduction capacity of the strata. Thirdly, in the mineralization stage, uranium and oxygen-containing water in the denuded area are infiltrated along the strata, activated, and superimposed with pre-enriched uranium. The infiltrated uranium along the strata migrates together with pre-enriched uranium and is adsorbed and reduced in the oil and gas reduction zone, ultimately forming the uranium deposit.